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Solar eclipse of October 12, 1958

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Solar eclipse of October 12, 1958
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureTotal
Gamma−0.2951
Magnitude1.0608
Maximum eclipse
Duration311 s (5 min 11 s)
Coordinates24°00′S 142°24′W / 24°S 142.4°W / -24; -142.4
Max. width of band209 km (130 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse20:55:28
References
Saros133 (42 of 72)
Catalog # (SE5000)9417

A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Sunday, October 12, 1958,[1] with a magnitude of 1.0608. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 5.5 hours before perigee (on October 13, 1958, at 2:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.[2]

Totality was visible in Tokelau, Cook Islands, French Polynesia, Chile and Argentina. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Eastern Australia, Oceania, and western South America.

Eclipse details

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Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[3]

October 12, 1958 Solar Eclipse Times
Event Time (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact 1958 October 12 at 18:20:31.5 UTC
First Umbral External Contact 1958 October 12 at 19:15:58.5 UTC
First Central Line 1958 October 12 at 19:17:11.0 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact 1958 October 12 at 19:18:23.5 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact 1958 October 12 at 20:18:33.1 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction 1958 October 12 at 20:52:27.4 UTC
Greatest Eclipse 1958 October 12 at 20:55:28.0 UTC
Greatest Duration 1958 October 12 at 20:57:26.1 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction 1958 October 12 at 21:04:31.8 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact 1958 October 12 at 21:32:08.7 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact 1958 October 12 at 22:32:25.5 UTC
Last Central Line 1958 October 12 at 22:33:38.3 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact 1958 October 12 at 22:34:51.1 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact 1958 October 12 at 23:30:19.6 UTC
October 12, 1958 Solar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Eclipse Magnitude 1.06084
Eclipse Obscuration 1.12539
Gamma −0.29506
Sun Right Ascension 13h10m12.6s
Sun Declination -07°27'01.0"
Sun Semi-Diameter 16'01.8"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.8"
Moon Right Ascension 13h09m51.7s
Moon Declination -07°44'19.9"
Moon Semi-Diameter 16'43.7"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 1°01'23.7"
ΔT 32.6 s

Eclipse season

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This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of October 1958
October 12
Ascending node (new moon)
October 27
Descending node (full moon)
Total solar eclipse
Solar Saros 133
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 145
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Eclipses in 1958

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Metonic

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Tzolkinex

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Half-Saros

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Tritos

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Solar Saros 133

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Inex

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Triad

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Solar eclipses of 1957–1960

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This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[4]

Solar eclipse series sets from 1957 to 1960
Descending node   Ascending node
Saros Map Gamma Saros Map Gamma
118 April 30, 1957

Annular (non-central)
0.9992 123 October 23, 1957

Total (non-central)
1.0022
128 April 19, 1958

Annular
0.275 133 October 12, 1958

Total
−0.2951
138 April 8, 1959

Annular
−0.4546 143 October 2, 1959

Total
0.4207
148 March 27, 1960

Partial
−1.1537 153 September 20, 1960

Partial
1.2057

Saros 133

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This eclipse is a part of Saros series 133, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 72 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on July 13, 1219. It contains annular eclipses from November 20, 1435 through January 13, 1526; a hybrid eclipse on January 24, 1544; and total eclipses from February 3, 1562 through June 21, 2373. The series ends at member 72 as a partial eclipse on September 5, 2499. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of annularity was produced by member 25 at 1 minutes, 14 seconds on November 30, 1453, and the longest duration of totality was produced by member 61 at 6 minutes, 50 seconds on August 7, 1850. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit.[5]

Series members 34–55 occur between 1801 and 2200:
34 35 36

July 17, 1814

July 27, 1832

August 7, 1850
37 38 39

August 18, 1868

August 29, 1886

September 9, 1904
40 41 42

September 21, 1922

October 1, 1940

October 12, 1958
43 44 45

October 23, 1976

November 3, 1994

November 13, 2012
46 47 48

November 25, 2030

December 5, 2048

December 17, 2066
49 50 51

December 27, 2084

January 8, 2103

January 19, 2121
52 53 54

January 30, 2139

February 9, 2157

February 21, 2175
55

March 3, 2193

Metonic series

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The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.

22 eclipse events between December 24, 1916 and July 31, 2000
December 24–25 October 12 July 31–August 1 May 19–20 March 7
111 113 115 117 119

December 24, 1916

July 31, 1924

May 19, 1928

March 7, 1932
121 123 125 127 129

December 25, 1935

October 12, 1939

August 1, 1943

May 20, 1947

March 7, 1951
131 133 135 137 139

December 25, 1954

October 12, 1958

July 31, 1962

May 20, 1966

March 7, 1970
141 143 145 147 149

December 24, 1973

October 12, 1977

July 31, 1981

May 19, 1985

March 7, 1989
151 153 155

December 24, 1992

October 12, 1996

July 31, 2000

Tritos series

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This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

December 21, 1805
(Saros 119)

November 19, 1816
(Saros 120)

October 20, 1827
(Saros 121)

September 18, 1838
(Saros 122)

August 18, 1849
(Saros 123)

July 18, 1860
(Saros 124)

June 18, 1871
(Saros 125)

May 17, 1882
(Saros 126)

April 16, 1893
(Saros 127)

March 17, 1904
(Saros 128)

February 14, 1915
(Saros 129)

January 14, 1926
(Saros 130)

December 13, 1936
(Saros 131)

November 12, 1947
(Saros 132)

October 12, 1958
(Saros 133)

September 11, 1969
(Saros 134)

August 10, 1980
(Saros 135)

July 11, 1991
(Saros 136)

June 10, 2002
(Saros 137)

May 10, 2013
(Saros 138)

April 8, 2024
(Saros 139)

March 9, 2035
(Saros 140)

February 5, 2046
(Saros 141)

January 5, 2057
(Saros 142)

December 6, 2067
(Saros 143)

November 4, 2078
(Saros 144)

October 4, 2089
(Saros 145)

September 4, 2100
(Saros 146)

August 4, 2111
(Saros 147)

July 4, 2122
(Saros 148)

June 3, 2133
(Saros 149)

May 3, 2144
(Saros 150)

April 2, 2155
(Saros 151)

March 2, 2166
(Saros 152)

January 29, 2177
(Saros 153)

December 29, 2187
(Saros 154)

November 28, 2198
(Saros 155)

Inex series

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This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

January 21, 1814
(Saros 128)

December 31, 1842
(Saros 129)

December 12, 1871
(Saros 130)

November 22, 1900
(Saros 131)

November 1, 1929
(Saros 132)

October 12, 1958
(Saros 133)

September 23, 1987
(Saros 134)

September 1, 2016
(Saros 135)

August 12, 2045
(Saros 136)

July 24, 2074
(Saros 137)

July 4, 2103
(Saros 138)

June 13, 2132
(Saros 139)

May 25, 2161
(Saros 140)

May 4, 2190
(Saros 141)

Notes

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  1. ^ "October 12, 1958 Total Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  2. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  3. ^ "Total Solar Eclipse of 1958 Oct 12". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  4. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  5. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 133". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.

References

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