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Solar eclipse of April 29, 2014

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Solar eclipse of April 29, 2014
Partial from Adelaide, Australia
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureAnnular
Gamma−1.00001
Magnitude0.9868
Maximum eclipse
Duration-
Coordinates70°36′S 131°18′E / 70.6°S 131.3°E / -70.6; 131.3
Max. width of band- km
Times (UTC)
(P1) Partial begin3:52:38
(U1) Total begin5:47:50
Greatest eclipse6:04:33
(U4) Total end6:09:20
(P4) Partial end8:14:28
References
Saros148 (21 of 75)
Catalog # (SE5000)9539

An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Tuesday, April 29, 2014,[1][2] with a magnitude of 0.9868. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. The Moon's apparent diameter was near the average diameter because it occurred 6.2 days after perigee (on April 23, 2014, at 1:20 UTC) and 7.2 days before apogee (on May 6, 2014, at 11:20 UTC).[3]

This eclipse's gamma value was closer to 1 than any other eclipse from 2000 B.C. to 3000 A.D. This means the center of the Moon's shadow passed almost exactly at the surface of the Earth, barely missing the Antarctic continent by a few kilometers, but an annular eclipse was visible from a small part of Antarctica, and a partial eclipse was visible from parts of Antarctica and Australia.

Visibility

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Animation of eclipse path

Images

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Eclipse details

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Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[4]

April 29, 2014 Solar Eclipse Times
Event Time (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact 2014 April 29 at 03:53:46.0 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction 2014 April 29 at 05:38:58.2 UTC
First Umbral External Contact 2014 April 29 at 05:58:45.6 UTC
Greatest Eclipse 2014 April 29 at 06:04:32.9 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact 2014 April 29 at 06:10:41.3 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction 2014 April 29 at 06:15:28.3 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact 2014 April 29 at 08:15:37.1 UTC
April 29, 2014 Solar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Eclipse Magnitude 0.98679
Eclipse Obscuration -
Gamma -0.99996
Sun Right Ascension 02h25m52.9s
Sun Declination +14°26'54.2"
Sun Semi-Diameter 15'52.9"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.7"
Moon Right Ascension 02h26m46.0s
Moon Declination +13°31'06.8"
Moon Semi-Diameter 15'38.4"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 0°57'24.1"
ΔT 67.3 s

Eclipse season

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This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of April 2014
April 15
Ascending node (full moon)
April 29
Descending node (new moon)
Total lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 122
Annular solar eclipse
Solar Saros 148
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Eclipses in 2014

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Metonic

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Tzolkinex

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Half-Saros

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Tritos

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Solar Saros 148

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Inex

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Triad

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Solar eclipses of 2011–2014

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This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[5]

The partial solar eclipses on January 4, 2011 and July 1, 2011 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 2011 to 2014
Descending node   Ascending node
Saros Map Gamma Saros Map Gamma
118

Partial in Tromsø, Norway
June 1, 2011

Partial
1.21300 123

Hinode XRT footage
November 25, 2011

Partial
−1.05359
128

Annularity in Red Bluff, CA, USA
May 20, 2012

Annular
0.48279 133

Totality in Mount Carbine, Queensland, Australia
November 13, 2012

Total
−0.37189
138

Annularity in Churchills Head, Australia
May 10, 2013

Annular
−0.26937 143

Partial in Libreville, Gabon
November 3, 2013

Hybrid
0.32715
148

Partial in Adelaide, Australia
April 29, 2014

Annular (non-central)
−0.99996 153

Partial in Minneapolis, MN, USA
October 23, 2014

Partial
1.09078

Saros 148

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This eclipse is a part of Saros series 148, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 75 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on September 21, 1653. It contains annular eclipses on April 29, 2014 and May 9, 2032; a hybrid eclipse on May 20, 2050; and total eclipses from May 31, 2068 through August 3, 2771. The series ends at member 75 as a partial eclipse on December 12, 2987. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of annularity will be produced by member 22 at 22 seconds (by default) on May 9, 2032, and the longest duration of totality will be produced by member 54 at 5 minutes, 23 seconds on April 26, 2609. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit.[6]

Series members 10–31 occur between 1801 and 2200:
10 11 12

December 30, 1815

January 9, 1834

January 21, 1852
13 14 15

January 31, 1870

February 11, 1888

February 23, 1906
16 17 18

March 5, 1924

March 16, 1942

March 27, 1960
19 20 21

April 7, 1978

April 17, 1996

April 29, 2014
22 23 24

May 9, 2032

May 20, 2050

May 31, 2068
25 26 27

June 11, 2086

June 22, 2104

July 4, 2122
28 29 30

July 14, 2140

July 25, 2158

August 4, 2176
31

August 16, 2194

Metonic series

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The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.

21 eclipse events between July 11, 1953 and July 11, 2029
July 10–11 April 29–30 February 15–16 December 4 September 21–23
116 118 120 122 124

July 11, 1953

April 30, 1957

February 15, 1961

December 4, 1964

September 22, 1968
126 128 130 132 134

July 10, 1972

April 29, 1976

February 16, 1980

December 4, 1983

September 23, 1987
136 138 140 142 144

July 11, 1991

April 29, 1995

February 16, 1999

December 4, 2002

September 22, 2006
146 148 150 152 154

July 11, 2010

April 29, 2014

February 15, 2018

December 4, 2021

September 21, 2025
156

July 11, 2029

Tritos series

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This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

The partial solar eclipses on December 18, 2188 (part of Saros 164) and November 18, 2199 (part of Saros 165) are also a part of this series but are not included in the table below.

Series members between 1801 and 2134

December 10, 1806
(Saros 129)

November 9, 1817
(Saros 130)

October 9, 1828
(Saros 131)

September 7, 1839
(Saros 132)

August 7, 1850
(Saros 133)

July 8, 1861
(Saros 134)

June 6, 1872
(Saros 135)

May 6, 1883
(Saros 136)

April 6, 1894
(Saros 137)

March 6, 1905
(Saros 138)

February 3, 1916
(Saros 139)

January 3, 1927
(Saros 140)

December 2, 1937
(Saros 141)

November 1, 1948
(Saros 142)

October 2, 1959
(Saros 143)

August 31, 1970
(Saros 144)

July 31, 1981
(Saros 145)

June 30, 1992
(Saros 146)

May 31, 2003
(Saros 147)

April 29, 2014
(Saros 148)

March 29, 2025
(Saros 149)

February 27, 2036
(Saros 150)

January 26, 2047
(Saros 151)

December 26, 2057
(Saros 152)

November 24, 2068
(Saros 153)

October 24, 2079
(Saros 154)

September 23, 2090
(Saros 155)

August 24, 2101
(Saros 156)

July 23, 2112
(Saros 157)

June 23, 2123
(Saros 158)

May 23, 2134
(Saros 159)

Inex series

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This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

September 17, 1811
(Saros 141)

August 27, 1840
(Saros 142)

August 7, 1869
(Saros 143)

July 18, 1898
(Saros 144)

June 29, 1927
(Saros 145)

June 8, 1956
(Saros 146)

May 19, 1985
(Saros 147)

April 29, 2014
(Saros 148)

April 9, 2043
(Saros 149)

March 19, 2072
(Saros 150)

February 28, 2101
(Saros 151)

February 8, 2130
(Saros 152)

January 19, 2159
(Saros 153)

December 29, 2187
(Saros 154)

Notes

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References

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  1. ^ "April 29, 2014 Annular Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
  2. ^ "Antarctic prime spot for Tuesday's solar eclipse". The Brownsville Herald. 2014-04-30. p. 21. Retrieved 2023-10-26 – via Newspapers.com.
  3. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
  4. ^ "Annular Solar Eclipse of 2014 Apr 29". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
  5. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  6. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 148". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
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