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This listing page belongs to Wikipedia:WikiProject Dictionary of National Biography, spun out of the “missing article” project, and is concerned with checking whether Wikipedia has articles for all those listed in the Dictionary of National Biography (DNB), a 63-volume British biographical dictionary published 1885-1900 and now in the public domain. This page relates to volume 54 running from name Stanhope to name Stovin.

Scope of the subproject:

It is envisaged that the following work will be done:

  • Checks made that links on this page point to a wikipedia article about the same person;
  • Addition of new articles for all red-links based on DNB text;
  • Checking whether blue-linked articles would benefit from additional text from DNB.

Listings are posted as bulleted lists, with footnotes taken from the DNB summaries published in 1904. The listings and notes are taken from scanned text that is often corrupt and in need of correction. Not all the entries on the list correspond to actual DNB articles; some are “redirects” and there are a few articles devoted to families rather than individuals.

If you are engaged in this work you will probably find quite a number of unreferenced articles among the blue links. You are also encouraged to mention the DNB as a reference on such articles whenever they correspond to the summary, as part of the broader campaign for good sourcing. A suggested template is {{DNB}}.

Locating the full text:

DNB text is now available on Wikisource for all first edition articles, on the page s:Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Vol 54 Stanhope - Stovin. Names here are not inverted, as they are in the original: Joe Bloggs would be found at Wikisource s:Bloggs, Joe (DNB00). The text for the first supplement is available too: NB that this Epitome listing includes those supplement articles also.

List maintenance and protocols:

List maintenance tasks are to check and manipulate links in the list with piping or descriptive parenthetical disambiguators, and to mark list entries with templates to denote their status; whilst as far as possible retaining the original DNB names:

  • piping: [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot, 1st Baron Colchester|Charles Abbot]]
  • descriptive parenthetical disambiguators [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot (botanist)]]
  • both combined [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot (botanist)|Charles Abbot]]

The work involves:

  • Checking that bluelinks link to the correct person; if so, {{tick}} them. If not, try to find the correct article and pipe or disambiguate the link.
  • Check whether redlinks can be linked to an article by piping or disambiguation.
  • Create articles based on the DNB text for redlinks for which no wikipedia article can be found
  • Check whether existing blue-linked articles could benefit from an input of DNB text (e.g. the article is a stub), and if so, update the article from DNB

A number of templates are provided to mark-up entries:

  • {{mnl}} the link runs to a wrong person; - produces the text: [link currently leads to a wrong person]. It is preferable to amend the link by adding a disambiguator to make it red, if an article for the correct person cannot be found
  • {{dn}} the link runs to a dab page - produces the text [disambiguation needed]. It is preferable to amend the link by adding a disambiguator to make it red, if an article for the correct person cannot be found
  • {{tick}} the link has been checked and runs to the correct person - checkY
  • {{tick}} {{tick}} the text of the linked article has been checked against DNB text and would not benefit from additional DNB text - checkY checkY
  • {{tick}} {{cross}} the text of the linked article looks short enough to suggest it would benefit from additional DNB text - checkY ☒N

Note that before creating new articles based on DNB text you should undertake searches to check that the article's subject does not already have an article. It is easily possible that the disambiguation used in this page is not the disambiguation used in an existing wikipedia article. Equally, feel free to improve upon the disambiguation used in redlinks on this page by amending them.

Supplement articles:

Because of the provenance of the listing, a number of the original articles will not in fact be in the announced volume, but in one of the three supplement volumes published in 1901. Since the DNB did not include articles about living people, this will be the case whenever the date of death is after the publication date of the attributed volume. In due course there will be a separate listing.

General thoughts:

This project is intended as a new generation in “merging encyclopedias”, as well as being one of the most ambitious attempted. For general ideas of where we are, and some justification of the approach being taken, see the essay Wikipedia:Merging encyclopedias.

Helpful access templates:

helpful templates

There are two templates to help link to the correct page: {{Cite DNBIE}} and {{DNBIE}}. The page number automatically link to the correct url for the page at the Internet Archive site.

{{Cite DNBIE|title=Dove, John|page=358}}
Public Domain Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

and

{{DNBIE|title=Dove, John|page=358}}
Public Domain This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

if a wstitle= parameter is used in place of title= then the templates also link the DNB article on Wikisource:

{{cite DNBIE|wstitle=Dove, John (d.1665?)|page=358}}
Public Domain Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John (d.1665?)". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.


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  1. ^ Lady Stanhope , and Countess of Chesterfield (d. 1667). See Catherine Kirkhoven or Kerckhoven.
  2. ^ Charles Stanhope (1673–1760), of Elvaston, brother of William Stanhope, first earl of Harrington tq. T.: M.P., Milborne Port, 1717-22, Aldborough, 1722 784, aud Harwich, 1734-41; under-secretary for southern department, 1714-17; as secretary to the treasury (1720-1), charged with illegitimate dealing in South Sea stock, but acquitted; treasurer of the chamber, 1722.
  3. ^ Charles Stanhope , third Earl Stanhope (1753-1816), politician and man of science; grandson of James Stanhope, first earl Stanhope; educated at Eton and Geneva; styled Lord Mahon till succession to peerage, 1786; F.R.S., 1772; married Lady Hester, sister of the second William Pitt, 1774; constructed two calculating machines, c. 1777; harangued Gordon rioters, 1780; elected for Chipping Wycombe by Shelburne's influence, 1780; advocated cessation of American war and parliamentary reform, 1781; opposed coalition of Fox and North; attacked Pitt's proposals for sinking fund, 1786; became permanently estranged from Pitt on French revolution question; chairman of Revolution Society 1788; patented steam-vessels, 1790 and 1807 (approved by admiralty, 1795-6); letters by him against false assignats and on treatment of negroes printed at Paris, 1791-2; published answer to Burke's speech on the revolution, 1790; moved to acknowledge French republic, 1794; introduced motions against interferences in French affairs, 1794 and 1795: on defeat withdrew from parliament till 1800; frequently caricatured by Gillray, 1791-1808: his London hou.se fired by rioters, 1794;Moral Epistleaddressed to him by Landor, 1795; issued pamphlet against Irish union, 1799; proposed peace with Napoleon, 1800; his process of stereotyping acquired by Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1805, also his iron hand-press and logotypes; carried Gold Coin and Banknote Bill, 1811, also motions for committees to revise statutes and unify weights and measures, 1816: disinherited all his children; invented a microscopic lens and projected a canal from Holsworthy to Bristol Channel; published Principles of Science of Tuning Instruments with Fixed Tones 1806, and Principles of Electricity 1779.
  4. ^ Charles Stanhope , third Earl of Harrington (1753–1829), general : M.P., Thetford, 1774-6, Westminster, 1776-9; ensign, 1769; served in America, 1770: aide-de-camp to Burgoyne at Saratoga, news of which he carried home, 1777; captain, 3rd foot-guards, 1778; succeeded to peerage, 1779; raised and commanded regiment in Jamaica, 1780-1; colonel of 1st life-guards and gold stick, 1792; privy councillor, 1798; commander-in-chief in Ireland, 1805-12; governor of Windsor, 1812; special envoy to Vienna, 1805, Berlin, 1806; bearer of great standard at coronation of George IV; introduced new sword, 1792.
  5. ^ Charles Stanhope , fourth Earl of Harrington (1780–1851), styled Lord Petersham till 1829; colonel, 1814; a lord of the bedchamber, 1812 and 18201829; designed Petersham overcoat and Petersham snuff mixture,
  6. ^ Sir Edward Stanhope (1546?–1608), chancellor of the diocese of London; son of Sir Michael Stanhope; scholar and fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge (M.A., 1566, LL.D., 1575); incorporated M.A. at Oxford, 1566; prebendary of York, 1572-91; advocate at DoctorsCommons, 1576; master in chancery, Ifi77; vicar-general of Canterbury, c. 1583; M.P., Marlborough, 1584-5 and 1586-7; member of ecclesiastical commission, 1587; chancellor of London diocese, 1591-1608; served on Whitgift's London commission, 1594, piracy inquiry, 1601, and Ralegh's trial, 1603; knighted, 1603; benefactor of Trinity College, Cambridge, Hull, and other places; began Lodge Book at Trinity College, Cambridge.
  7. ^ Edward Stanhope (1840–1893), statesman: second son of Philip Henry Stanhope, fifth earl Stanhope ; of Harrow and Christ Church, Oxford; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1863; barrister, Inner Temple, 1865; M.P., Mid-Lincolnshire, 1874, Horucastle division, 1885; as parliamentary secretary to board of trade largely responsible for Merchant Shipping Act, l7t: under-secretary for India, 1878-80; vice-president of committee of council on education with seat in cabinet, 1885; president of board of trade, 1885; as colonial secretary, 1886, issued invitations for colonial confcn-nce of 1888; as secretary for war (1887-92) completed Cardwell system, reorganised manufacturing departments, established army service corps, passed Imperial Defence Act (1888), revised conditions of promotion and retirement of officers (1889), adopted magazine rifle, and appointed committee to inquire into terms of service (1891).
  8. ^ George Stanhope (1660–1728), dean of Canterbury; educated from Eton to King's College, Cam M.A., l;x5: I). p.. ir.i?; chaplain to William and Mary: Boyle lecturer, 1701; vicnr of Deptior.l Queen Anne, 1702; dean of Canterbury, 1: lecturer at St. Lawrence.!... 1704-8; pro locutor of lower bouse of convocation, 1713, and twice afterwards; broke up meeting. 1718, to prevent reading of protestation in favour of Houdly: lost royal chaplaincy, probably in consequence of hi* action; famous preacher; published translations. Including Eplctetut 694, Charrou's Books o 1 007. Marcus Aureltun, 1697, and the I mitatio ChrUtt ( The Christian's Pattern 1698, ed. Henry Morley. 1886); his Paraphrase and Comment on the Epistles and Gospels (1706, 1706, a a favourite eighteenth-century book.
  9. ^ Lady Hester Lucy Stanhope (1776-1839), eccentric: eldest daughter of Charles Stanhope (afterwards) third earl Stanhope: housekeeper and trusted eontldnnt of her uncle, William Pitt, 18O3-6: retired to Wales after death of favourite brother and Sir John Moore atCorunn, 180*; finally left England for the Levant, 1810; made pilgrimage to Jerusalem; crossed the desert, and camped with Bedouins amid ruins of Palmyra, 1813: settled on Mount Lebanon, IM 1. luiildiiig walled group of bouses; intrigued against British consuls ami iu-iu*l Druses against Ibrahim Pasha: protected European* after Navarino, 1827; adopted Eastern habit*, and practised judicial astrology; visited at Djouni by Lamartine, gingfaina and others; her conversations recorded by the u Charles Lewi? Meryou: heavily involved in debt; after appropriation of pension to creditors wrote letters to Palmerstou and Queen Victoria; died deserted and plundered. (Uv. 12
  10. ^ James Stanhope, first Earl Stanhope (1673–1721), grandson of Philip Stanhope, first carl of Chesterfield; educated at Eton and Trinity College, Oxford: volunteer in Flanders, 1694-5; received commission in 1st footgnards: colonel, 1702; M.P., Newport, 1701, Cockermouth, 1702-13; Spanish Becretary to Ormonde nt (:ul:. 1702; served under Marllxrongh, 1703, and in Portugal, 1703-4, and became brigadier; gave valuable assistance to Peterborough at Barcelona, 1705; British minister In Spain, 1700; urged -on Archduke Charles aggressive measures; unjustly blamed by Peterborough for the reverse at Almanza, 1707; appointed commander of British forces in Spain, 1708; took Port Mahon. 1708; received overtures from Orleans; as manager of Sacheverell's impeachment made able speech, 1710; won cavalry action at Almenara and victory for allies at Saragossa, 1710; surprised by VendOme and obliged to capitulate at Brihuega; detained prisoner nearly two years; declined Bolingbroke's offer to present him to Louis XIV; a leader of whig opposition; M.P., Wendover, 1713, Newport, 1715; took leading part in securing Hanoverian succession: secretary of state for southern department and privy councillor, 1714; carried impeachment of Ormonde; had chief direction of measures for suppression of Jacobite rising, 1715; active in passing of Septennial Act, but especially in foreign affairs; while with George I at Hanover arranged with Dubois alliance with France and the Dutch, 1716; unjustly charged with treachery to colleagues by Townshend and Wai pole; head of the treasury and chancellor of the exchequer, 1717; returned to secretaryship, 1718; created Viscount Stanhope of Mabon, 1717, Earl Stanhope, 1718: negotiated quadruple alliance against Spain, and compelled her to accede to it, 1719: saved Sweden from coalition against her by despatching fleet to the Baltic, 1719; obtained repeal of Schism Act and assisted Suuderland in pressing on Peerage Bill (rejected in Commons), 1718-19; died after vehement speech on South Sea question; monument to him by Kysbrack in Westminster Abbey.
  11. ^ John Stanhope , first Baron Stanhope of Harrington (1545?–1621), third sou of Sir Michael Stanhope; member of council of the north: treasurer of the chamber, 1596-1616; knighted, 1698; M.P., Preston. 1597, Northamptonshire, 1601, Newtown, 1604; a commissioner for union, 1603, and a peer, 1605: member of council of Virginia Company, 1609; signed warrant for torture of Edmoud Peacham, 1615. Hv. 191
  12. ^ Leicester Fitzgerald Charles Stanhope, fifth Earl of Harrington (1784–1862), third son of Charles Stanhope, third earl of Harrington; i.-i:-.of a republic recalled gave information to Moore; received Greek order of the Redeemer, 1818: published Greece in 1823 and 1824; contribute,! to W~ Parry 1. Last Day* of Lord (Paris edition): succeeded to earldom, 1861. entered army. 1799; deputy quartermaster mimrsl in India, 1817; C.B. for services In Mahratta war. 1818: MlOMl,;-.,;. M iM W M:-: ft! v Hastings; went to Greece as agent of En 1828; met Byron in Cefaloola and I Mlssolonghl, where be established a Greek newspaper. Or* government, 1824; brought bome Byron's r, 1888: published* Greece in 18S8and 1824 II "&??
  13. ^ Sir Michael Stanhope (d. 1552), partisan of Protector Somerset: received from Henry VIII grants of monastic property in Nottinghamshire: lieutenant of Kingston-upon-H ull, IMS; M.P n Nottinghamshire. 1544-7: employed in connection with Scottish wars; knighted nan* flapa* 9auau*(hnt m n ra itefovmsx ship of Edward VI, e. 1547; keeper of Windsor park and governor of Hull, 1&I7; sent to Tower of London on Somerset fall, 1549: reappointod at Hull, 1550: beheaded for conspiring against Northumberland.
  14. ^ Philip Stanhope , first Earl of Chesterfield (1584-1666), royalist; created Baron Stanhope of Shdford, 1616, Earl of Chesterfield, 1628; raised regiment of dragoons for Charles I, 1642: obliged to surrender at Lichfield.
  15. ^ Philip Stanhope, second Earl of Chesterfield (1638–1713), grandson of Philip Stanhope, first carl of Chesterfield; said to have declined Cromwell's offer of military command and bis daughter's band: sent to the Tower of London for duelling; again on suspicion of plotting with royalists, 1659; killed a man in a duel, but was pardoned by Charles II. 1660: chamberlain to Catherine of Bragansa, 166S-5; colonel of foot regiment, 1667-8, of Holland regiment. 1682-4; privy councillor, 1681; refused to act as regent for James II afu-r the revolution, but declined office from William III; refused to abjure the Pretender at coronation of Anne; friend of Charles Cotton and patron of Dryden: his letters and autobiographical fragment printed, 1885.
  16. ^ Philip Stanhope , fifth Earl of Chesterfield (1755-1815), cousin and godson of Philip Dormer Stanhope, fourth earl of Chesterfield, who directed bis education; pupil of Dr. William Dodd, who was hanged for forging his name to a bond; enjoyed favour of George III; privy councillor, 1784, and (nominal) ambassador to Spain, 1784-7; master of the mint, 1789-90, joint postmaster-general, 1790, master of the horse, 1798-1804: K.G., 1806; replaced old mansion of Bretby by modern residence.
  17. ^ Philip Dormer Stanhope, fourth Earl of Chesterfield (1694-1773), statesman, wit, and letter writer: grandson of Philip Stanhope, second earl of Chesterfield; studied for a year at Trinity Hall, Cambridge; by influence of kinsman, James (afterwards Earl) Stanhope, named gentleman of bedchamber to Prince of Wales (afterwards George II), and was elected as whig M.P. for St. Germans, 1715, though a minor: formed Intimacy with Pope: cultivated acquaintance oi Hi nrU-tta Howard, mistress of Prince George, aad incurred enmity of his wife Caroline; M.P., Lostwithid, 1722-5; captain of gentlemen-pensioners, 1728-5; rejected Wulpole'g offer of the order of the Bath, and quarrelled witli him, 1725; succeeded to peerage, 17; privy councillor, 1727: accepted the Hague embassy, 1728; formed intimacy with Mile, du Boucbct, mother (1732) of his natural son; negotiated marriage of Prince of Orange with Anne, princess royal of England; ~LG. and lord steward. 1780; temporarily reconciled with Walpolc: signed treaty with Spain and Holland guaranteeing Pragmatic Sanction, 1731; retired from embassy, 1732; dismissal from lord stewardship for opposition to Excise Bill, 1733; attacked ministry In Fog's Journal von 4 d: er 3 toSrCoa.s l o? wtlsingham), daughter of the Ducless of Kendal, 1788; threatened lawsuit against the crown to recover legacy bequeathed by George I to bis wife's mother, and received 20.0UO. to stay proceedings; frequented society of men of letters in Paris; contributed to fall of Walpole, but continued in opposition; denounced in parliament proposal to hire Hanoverian troops, finl attacked new ministers in the press in letters signed Geffery Broadbottom 1743; acknowledged leader of opposition in House of Lords; received legacy from Dowager duchess of Marlborough in reward for political conduct, 1744, but entered Pelham ministry on retirement of Garteret. 1744; as envoy to the Hague induced Holland to take part in Austrian succession war, 1745; as viceroy in Ireland. 1746-6, kept the country quiet by his tolerant policy, and encouraged national industries; as secretary for the northern department, 1746-8, thwarted in his pacific policy by his colleague Newcastle; declined dukedom: Apology for a late Resignation 1748, inspired or partially written by him: introduced bill for reform of the calendar, 1751; in last speech denounced subsidy treaties with Prussia and Hesse-Cassel, 1755; on invitation of the court overcame Newcastle's objections to take office with Pitt, 1767; built (1749) Chesterfield House, South Audley Street, London, and formed picture galleries there and at Blackheath; wrote much in the World and corresponded with Voltaire and other French friends; elected to Academic des Inscriptions, 1755; patronised men of letters; the prospectus of Dr. Johnson's Dictionary addressed to him, 1747; eulogised Johnson's Dictionary in the World 1764: bore no malice for Dr. Johnson's letter (1756), rebuking him for neglect, and disclaimed responsibility for alleged refusal to receive him; maintained from 1737 an almost daily correspondence with his natural son, procuring his entrance into, parliament and diplomatic employment as envoy to the diet (1763) and minister at Hamburg (1756-64) and Dresden (1764-8); addressed similar letters (236 extant) to his godson and heir-presumptive, 1761-70; his posthumous reputation injured by hostility of leading contemporaries; caricatured as Sir John Chester in Barnaby Rudge; his political insight proved by prophecy (1753) of French revolution: his immorality much exaggerated, and his worldliuess tempered by real affection; political tracts and contributions to periodicals Common Sense 1737-9, The World 1753-6) only publications authorised in his lifetime: his Letters to his natural son published by widow (Mrs. Eugenia Stanhope) of the latter, 1774, Supplement 1787, French version, 1775, German, 1774-6; Miscellaneous Works (including Memoirs of his Life) prepared by Maty, and supplementary letters, withCharacters of Eminent Personages 1777; Miscellaneous Works collected, 1779; bis Letters relative to the education of his godson published, 1817. Collective editions of letters and literary works edited by Lord Mabon, 1845-53, and John Bradshaw, 1892; extracts from other unpublished letters in Ernst's Life of Chesterfield (1893).
  18. ^ Philip Henry Stanhope, fifth Earl Stanhope (1805–1875), historian; grandson of Charles Stanhope, third earl Stanhope; styled Viscount Mahon, 1816-66; B.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1827, hon. D.O.L., 1834; conservative M.P., Wootton Bassett, 1830-2, Hertford, 1835-52; under-secretary for foreign affairs, 1834-5; president, Society of Arts, 1846-75; procured passing of bill amending copyright law, 1842; secretary to board of control (India), 1845-6; supported corn law repeal, 1846; one of Peel's literary executors; examiner at Oxford, 1855, and founder of prize for historical essay; obtained parliamentary grant for formation of National Portrait Gallery, and became chairman of trustees, 1857 (opened at Great George Street, Westminster, 1859, since thrice removed); lord rector, Aberdeen, 1858; effected removal of three state services from prayer-book, 1859; created LL.D. Cambridge, 1864; Historical Manuscripts Commission largely doe to him, 1869; proposed parliamentary grant for excavation of Troy; foreign associate of Institut de France, 1872; chairman of copyright commission, 1875; his History of the War of Succession in Spain, 1702-14 1832, baaed largely on papers of first Earl Stanhope; published History of England from Peace of Utrecht to Peace of Versailles, 1713-83 1838-63,Life of the Right Hon. William Pitt, with Extracts from his unpublished Correspondence etc., 1861-2 (last ed., 1879), History of England, comprising the Reign of Queen Anne until the Peace of Utrecht 1870, and other works, including Life of BeUsarius 1829, Spain under Charles II 1840, Essai sur la Vie du Grand Conde 1842 (in English, 1845), Memoirs of Sir Robert Peel 1856-7, collections of essays, and Notes of Conversations with Wellington 1888; edited Letters of Philip Dormer, Earl of Chesterfield (1845, 1853), Secret Correspondence connected with Mr. Pitt's return to office in 1804 (1852), and other works.
  19. ^ William Stanhope, first Earl of Harrington (16907-1756), diplomatist and statesman; served in Spain: colonel of dragoons and M.P. for Derby, 1715; special envoy at Madrid, 1717-18, at Turin, 1718; as volunteer with French army concerted attack on Spanish ships at St. Andero; British ambassador in Spain, 1719171'r; obtained from Ripperda revelation of articles of secret treaty of Vienna, 1726; engaged in fruitless negotiations for cession of Gibraltar; his correspondence with Marquis de la Paz published, 1726-7; vice-chamberlain and privy councillor, 1727; plenipotentiary at Aix-laChapelle and Soissons, 1728-30; procured treaty of Seville (England, France, and Spain), 1729; created Baron Harrington, 1730; secretary of state for northern department, May 1730-41; supported George II's Hanoverian policy against the Walpoles; propounded plan for ultimatum to France, but was obliged to carry out peace policy of Walpole in preliminaries of 1735; negotiated treaty for neutrality of Hanover without knowledge of Walpole, 1741; president of the council, 1741; created Earl of Harrington, 1742; a lord justice, 1743; succeeded Carteret as secretary of state, 1744; resigned, 1746, after George IPs vain attempt to detach him from the Pelhams; returned with Pelhams, but exchanged (October) seals for lord-lieutenancy of Ireland; his vice-royalty (1746-51) marked by beginning of Irish parliamentary opposition.
  20. ^ William Stanhope, second Earl of Harrington (1719–1779), known as 'Peter Shambles'; son of William Stanhope, first earl of Harrington; distinguished at Fontenoy; general, 1770; M.P. (Viscount Petersham), Bury St. Edmunds, 1747-56; his wife a beauty and friend of Horace Walpole.
  21. ^ Richard Stanihurst (1547–1618). See Stanyhurst.
  22. ^ Mrs Stanley (1796?–1861). See Miss Fleming.
  23. ^ Arthur Penrhyn Stanley (1815–1881), dean of Westminster; son of Edward Stanley (1779-1849) ; at Rugby under Arnold; scholar of Balliol College, Oxford; Ireland scholar and Newdegate prizeman, 1837; as fellow of University College, Oxford, gained prizes for Latin, English, and Ellerton essays, 1839, 1840; helped to promote petition for relief of clergy from subscription to damnatory clauses of Athanasian creed; published Life of Dr. Arnold 1844; opposed degradation of William George Ward and agitation against Dr. Hampden; resigned fellowship, 1850; secretary of Oxford j University commission, 1850-2; canon of Canterbury, ! 1851; travelled in Egypt and Palestine, 1852-3; published Memorials of Canterbury 1854, Commentary on Epistles ; to the Corinthians 1855, Sinai and Palestine 1856; Oxford professor of ecclesiastical history, 1856 (installed j canon of Christ Church, 1858); examining chaplain to , (Archbishop) Tait; publishedLectures on History of the Eastern Church 1861,Lectures on History of the Jewish Church 1863, 1865, 1876; supported Jowett's right to salary as Greek professor and cause of Bishop Oolenso; defendedEssays and ReviewsinEdinburgh Review ! 1861; accompanied Albert Edward, prince of Wales on eastern tour, 1862; dean of Westminster, 1864-81; his views embodied in Essays, chiefly on Questions of Church and State, from 1 850 to 1870 1870: endeavoured to attract men of all shafles of religious opinion to the abbey; issued Memorials of Westminster Abbey 1868; conducted Anglican ceremony at marriage of Duke of Edinburgh and i Grand Duchess Marie at St. Petersburg, 1874.
  24. ^ Charlotte Stanley , OOONTESS OF DERBY (1599-1664), daughter of Claude de la Tremoille, due de Thouars; married to James Stanley, lord Strange, afterwards seventh Earl of Derby, 1626; held Lathom House against parliamentarians, February to May, 1644; afterwards retired to Isle of Man; alleged to have persecuted William Christian for surrendering the island, 1651.
  25. ^ Edward Stanley , first BARON MONTEAQLK (1460 ?-1523), fifth son of Thomas Stanley, first earl of Derby; sheriff of Lancashire, 1485; distinguished himself at Flodden, 1513, and in French war; K.G., 1614; created Baron Monteagle, 1514; at Field of Cloth of Gold, i 1520; commenced religious foundation at Hornby.
  26. ^ Stanley
  27. ^ Stanley
  28. ^ Edward Stanley , third Kuir. v DERBY (1608-157-.!): tl, Pope Clement vn i,, r H.-siry Vlir*dm.r..v. Mitaentin suppressing northern rebellion*, 1636 and 1ft t 1M7: privy c-ouu-illor, 1661, imder spwlal conditions; assessor at trial of Somerset, 1661; lord-lieutenant of re, 1562; regular member ot privy council, 1653; gpeci.il commissioner for trial of lady JaneOrey; helped to try protestnnto; retained M privy com ElmiU th; lord-lieutenant of Cheshire and Lancashire, 1569; gave warning of Insurrection of 1669, but regarded with.suspicion by government.
  29. ^ Edward Stanley (1779–1849), bishop of Norwich; uncle of Kdward John Stanley, second baron Stanley of A! l.-rl.-v; sixteenth wrangler from St. John's College, Cambridge, 102; incumbent of Alderley, 1805-37; keenly interested in education: published Familiar History of Bird* 1836; lectured on geology; advocated church reform, 1831; Chairman of board of guardians, 1834; bishop of Norwich, 1K37-49; enforced Plurality and Non-residence Act; appointed rural deans instituted annual confirmations; supported whig measures in House of Lords: advocate of admission of nouconformiste to National schools, of ragged schools, and of temperance.
  30. ^ Edward Stanley (1793–1862), surgeon : trained at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London; M.R.C.8., 1814; Jacksouian prizeman, 1816; lecturer on anatomy, St. Bartholomew's, 1826-48, surgeon, 1838-61; F.R&, 1830; life member of council. Royal College of Surgeons, 1832, professor of human anatomy and physiology, 1835, Huuteriau orator, 1839, president, 1848, 1867; surgeon extraordinary to Queen Victoria, 1868; president of Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society; published important treatises on diseases of the bones, 1849.
  31. ^ Edward George Geoffrey Stanley fourteenth EARL OK DERBY (1799-1869), statesman; son of Edward Smith Stanley, thirteenth earl of Derby q. v.1; of Eton and Christ Church, Oxford (hon. D.C.L., 1862); won chancellor's Latin verse prize, 1819: whig M.P., Stockbridge, 1820-6, Preston, 1826-30, Windsor, 1831-2, North Lancashire, 1832-44: under-secretary for the colonies under Ctmning and Goderich; as Irish secretary (1830-3) under Earl Grey attacked by O'Obnnell, whom he challenged: prosecuted O'Oounell for breach of Association Act, 1831; moderate supporter of parliamentary reform, pressing for concessions within the cabinet; after defeat of ministers on Lyndhurst's amendment (May 1832) supported full reform scheme: introduced Reform Bill for Ireland, 1832: instituted Irish board of works; introduced Irish Education Act, 1831: passed measures making tithe composition in Ireland compulsory, 1832; carried Peace Preservation Act and Irish Church Temporalities Act, 1833, though opposed by Althorp in the cabinet; as colonial secretary carried act for abolition of slavery, 1833: resigned, 1834, being opposed to appropriation of Irish church revenues for secular purposes; his independent party named by O'Connell theDerby Dilly joined conservative opposition, 1836; compelled whig government to modify Irish disendowment proposals; colonial secretary undi-r Peel, 1841-4; called up to House of Lords as Lord Stanley of Bickerstaffe, 1844; resigned on Peel's declaration in favour of immediate free trade; declined to form protectionist ministry, 1846, but reluctantly accepted leadership of anti-freetraders: made brilliant speeches in parliament on foreign affairs, 1848-51; attempted to form conservative ministry. 1851; succeeded to earldom, 1861: formed protectionist ministry (February 1852), but fallal to secure majority at general election (July), and resigned (December) after defeat on the budget: on Aberdeen's defeat (1855) again tried to form ministry; attacked foreign policy of Palmerstou ministry, 1866-8: during bis second premiership (18M-9) settled the Orsiui dispute with France, the Cagllari question with Naples, and difficulties with America concerning the right of search: introduced bill for equalisation of town and country franchise, but was beaten on clause disfranchising forty-shilling freeholders: dissolved parliament; resigned on carrying of Hartiugton's vote of want of confidence; created extra Jt.G.: came to understanding with Palmenton: prevented KiirlSsh intervention in German-Danish war, 1864; during third administration (1866-8) concerted with Disraeli parliamentary Reform Bill of 1867; resigned, February 1868: call*! the Rupert of debateby Lord Lyttoo In II theNew Tlmon cotton famine largely doe to him; devoted to scholarship and sport: chancellor of Oxford University arsip and -:.:....; 1870; published of the Iliad -:,..,..-!.-. in. , Including a version (issued privately, 1869, published 1864). STANLEY, BDWARD HBNRY, fifteenth BAM. or -.-..-.....-,.;:;.,:. George Geoffrey Smith Stanley, fourteenth earl of Derby Fq. v.; of Rugby and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 184H, hon. LL.D., 186f (D.O.L. Oxford, 1863): the LL.D., Apostles travelled in North America ad - !:;:.-. 1848, Jams i,, ! i, oVx LtM M, Bengal, 1862 flLP., King's Lynn, 184849; undersecretary for foreign affairs, 1862: declined Palmerston's offer of colonial secretaryship, 18M; joined opposition to Crimean war; member of commission on army purchase; colonial secretary, and (after passing of India bill) Indian secretary in second Derby niinlktry (1868-9); in cabinet supported disfranchising clauses of Reform Hill, member of Cambridge University president Indian army and patent laws offered crown of Greece, 1863; made able speech ing Grosvenor's amendment to Reform BUI of 1866; suggested as head of a ministry, 1866; foreign secretary under Derby and Disraeli, 1866-8; mediated between France and Prussia, postponing war by hiscollective guarantee of Luxemburg, 1867; declined interference In Crete and Italy; in Alabama case admitted principle of arbitration; supported Reform BUI: led opposition to Irish disestablishment half-heartedly, 1869; succeeded as earl, 1869; as foreign secretary (1874-8) In Disraeli's second ministry accepted with hesitation purchase of Sues Canal shares and Austrian proposals for reforms in Turkey, demanded punishment of jwrpetrators of Bulgarian atrocities, and initiated Constantinople conference on Turkish reform (1876): resigned on Disraeli's ordering of British fleet to the Dardanelles, 1878 (January); resumed office on countermanding of order, but again resigned on calling out of the reserves (March): opposed acquisition of Cyprus and first Afghan war, 1879; left conservatives, 1880; at colonial secretary under Gladstone, 1882 ( December)- 18W, resisted further annexation of tropical colonies, concluded (invention of 1884 with the Boers, and discouraged Australian federation; K.G., 1884: joined liberal unionist*. and led them in House of Lords, 1886-91; preaided over labour commission, 1892; chancellor of London University, 1891 1893; lord rector of Glasgow University, 1868-71, Edinburgh University, 1876-80.
  32. ^ Edward John Stanley , second BARON STANLEY OF ALDKRLRY and first HAHON EDDISBURY OF WotNI.NHTOX (1802-1869), statesman; B.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1826; whig M.P., Hiudon, 1831, North Cheshire, 1832-41 and 1847-8; nuder-secretary for colonies, 18S8-4 home department, 1834, foreign department, 1846-W; paymaster-general, 1841 and 1860: privy councillor and liberal whip; created Baron Eddihlmry, 1H4M; succeeded to Stanley barony, 1 850; president of board of trade, 1 856-3.
  33. ^ Edward Smith Stanley , thirteenth EARL OF Derby Derby (1776–1861): M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1795; whig M.P.. Preston. 1796-1812. Lancashire, 1812-3S; summoned as Baron Stanley of Bickerataffe, 1832; succeeded to earldom, 1834; K.G., 1839: president of Linnean Society, 1828-33; prudent of Zoological Jociety; formed private menagerie at KM. Cranenamed after him: his museum given to Liverpool
  34. ^ Ferdinando Stanley , fifth EARL OF DERBY (1659 ?-1694), son of Henry Stanley, fourth earl of Derby ; M.A. St John's College, Oxford, 1689: at mayor of Liverpool raised troop of horse, 1688; summoned as Baron Strange, 1589; succeeded to earldom and sovereignty of Man, 1593; panegyrised by Spenser, as Amyntas Nash, and Chapman. Hv. 671
  35. ^ Hans Stanley (1720T-1780), politician; M.P.. St Albans, 1743-7, Southampton, 1764-80; a lord of the admiralty, 1757-66; employed by Pitt as charge d'affaires to conduct negotiations at Paris, 1761; failed; priry councillor, 1762; governor of Isle of Wight, 1764; cofferer of the household, 1766-74, and from 1776; Sloane trustee; left works in manuscript: Ultimate with Hdvetins; committed suicide at Althorp. 4x2
  36. ^ Stanley 123G
  37. ^ Standard
  38. ^ Henrietta Maria Stanley . LADY STAM.KY OF AUKUI.KY (1807-1895), married Edward John Stanley, baron Stanley of Alderley, 1826; rendered service to whig party; friend of Carlyle, Frederick Maurice, and Jowett; promoter of women's edu
  39. ^ Henry Stanley , fourth KAKL OF DERBY (1531–1698), n f Edward Stanley, third earl of Derby; styled Lord Strange till succession, 1572; hostage in Prance, 1550; gentleman of the privy chamber to Edward VI, 1647, to Philip of Spain, 1554; alleged himself to have been employed by Somerset to exercise influence and watch over Edward VI; married, 1555, Margaret Clifford, granddaughter of Mary Tudor, sister of Henry VIII; summoned as Baron Strange, 1559; commissioner for ecclesiastical causes; member of council of tin- north: K.G., 1574; privy councillor, 1585; commissioner at trial of Mary Queen of Scots, 1586, to treat with Spain, 1588; lord high steward, 1589.
  40. ^ James Stanley (1465?–1516), bishop of Ely ; son of Thomas Stanley, first earl of Derby; M.A. ( xford, D.Can.L., 1506; warden of collegiate church of Manchester, 1485; dean of St. Martin-le-Grand, London, I486: archdeacon of Richmond, 1500; prebendary of Salisbury, 1505; bishop of Ely by papal bull, 1506-15; took part in foundation of St. John's and Christ's colleges, Cambridge; compiled statutes for Jesus College, Cambridge; denounced by protestants for loose morals.
  41. ^ James Stanley , seventh EARL OP DERBY (1607–1651),the Martyr Earl M.P. (Lord Strange), Liverpool, 1625; K.B., 1626: summoned as Baron Strange, 1628: lord-lieutenant of North Wales; encouraged minor authors and actors; attended Charles I at York, 1639-40; said to have mustered sixty thousand Lancashire and Cheshire royalists; attempted to recover Manchester for Charles I, 1642; seized magazines; impeached and outlawed by parliament; succeeded to earldom, 1642; twice defeated near Warrington; took Preston, 1643; repulsed Breretou at Warrington, but was defeated at Whalley, 1643; with Rupert in the north, 1644, leading the assault at Bolton; after Marston Moor, 1644, withdrew to Man, rejecting terms, for six years; landed in Lancashire, 1651, and saw Charles II, but failed to gain over presbyterians; routed at Wigan by Robert Lilburne; after Worcester (3 Sept. 1661) conducted Charles II to Boscobel; captured, condemned as traitor by court-martial, and executed; his Discourse concerning Government of Isle f Manprinted in Peck's Desiderata Curiosa 1732.
  42. ^ Sir John Stanley (1350?–1414), founder of house of Stanley; acquired Knowsley and Lathom by marriage with Isabel Latham, c. 1385; deputy for De Vere in Ireland, 1386, lieutenant, 1389-91; held posts on Welsh and Scottish borders; regranted Irish office by Henry IV, 1399; superseded, 1401; steward of Prince Henry's household from 1403; K.G., 1405; granted the Isle of Man, 1406; died Henry V'a lieutenant in Ireland.
  43. ^ John Stanley (1714–1786), musician; accidentally blinded in childhood; organist of All Hallows, Bread Street, London, at eleven; organist of St. Andrew's, Holborn, London, 1726-86, and Inner Temple, 1734-86; Mus.Bac. Oxford, 1730; played organ concertos at Vaaxhall; led subscription concerts with violin; invented apparatus for teaching music to the blind; his oratorio 4 Jephthah performed, 1757; carried on Co vent Garden Lent oratorios with John Christopher Smith lq. T., 1780-74, and afterwards with Thomas Linley the elder; composed Zirnri 1760, Arcadia (dramatic pastoral), 1762, Fall of Egypt 1774; led George Ill's band, 1788; set Warton'a birthday ode, 1786; published twelve cantatas, organ voluntaries, and concertos.
  44. ^ Montague Stanley (1809–1844), actor and landscape-painter; played at York under name of Manby, 1824, at Edinburgh In his own name, 1826-38, visitine Dublin, 1830, London, 1882-3; left the stage, 1838; A.R.S.A., 1839. liv. 753
  45. ^ Thomas Stanley (1406?–1459), first Baron Stanley; son of Sir John Stanley; lieutenant-governor of Ireland, 1431-7: M.P., Lancashire, 1446-55; comptroller of the household, c. 1447; lord chamberlain and privy councillor, c. 1466; K.G.; created peer, 1466.
  46. ^ Thomas Stanley , first Earl of Derby (1435?1604), succeeded his father, Thomas Stanley, as second Baron Stanley, 1459; married Eleanor Neville before 1J60; with Henry VI at Northampton (146U), hut made chief-justice of Chester and Flint by Edward IV, 1461; again Lancastrian on restoration of Henry VI, 1470; privy councillor and lord steward after Warwick's defeat, 1471; held commands in France, 1475, and Scotland, 1482; married, c. 1482, Margaret Beaufort, countess of Richmond; imprisoned for support of Edward V, 1483, but continued in offices by Ricliard III, and named K.G. and constable of England; took up neutral position at Bosworth (1485), but crowned the victor; created by Henry VII Earl of Derby, 1485, and continued in all his offices.
  47. ^ Thomas Stanley (d. 1570), bishop of Sodor and Man; second son of Edward Stanley, first baron Monteagle; appointed bishop, 1530, deprived, 1545, restored, 1556; his metrical chronicle of Stanleys of Latbom in Halli well's Palatine Anthology (1850).
  48. ^ Thomas Stanley (1625–1678), classical scholar ; descendant of Edward Stanley, third earl of Derby; M.A. Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 1641; travelled; financially assisted Sir Edward Sherburne, John Hall (1627-1656), and James Shirley; intimate with William Hammond, and with Lovelace (his cousin); published poems and translations, 1647-51, including versions of Tasso, Petrarch, and Lope de Vega, and of Greek and late Latin poets; his Latin and Greek translations edited by Brydges, 1814-15; his version of Anacreon reprinted, 1893; published alsoHistory of Philosophy (4 vols.), 1655, 1656, 1660, 1662 (mainly biographical), long a standard work; his edition of 2Eschylus (1663)republished, 1745, revised by Richard Porson 1795 and 1806, and by Samuel Butler (1774-1839), 1809-16, criticised by Charles James Blomfield; his manuscript notes on classical authors in Cambridge University Library; at the time of the Bentley-Boyle controversy Bentley was accused of using without acknowledgment his comments on Callimachus.
  49. ^ Venetia Stanley (1600–1633). See Venetia Digby.
  50. ^ Sir William Stanley (d. 1495), lord chamberlain to Henry VII; brother of Thomas Stanley, first earl of Derby; made chamberlain of Chester by Edward IV, 1461; rewarded further after Hexham and Towton; made justiciar of North Wales and granted estates in Derbyshire by Richard III; was denounced as traitor by his nephew, Lord Strange, and outlawed; joined Richmond at end of battle of Bosworth, deciding the day by bringing three thousand men into action; K.G. and lord chamberlain, 1485; beheaded as accomplice of Warbeck.
  51. ^ Sir William Stanley (1548–1630), adventurer; of Hooton; volunteer under Alva, 1567-70; served Queen Elizabeth in Ireland, 1570-85; knighted, 1579; took part in hunting down of Desmond and Fitzgerald of Imokelly and reduction of Munster, 1583; sheriff of Cork and temporary governor of Munster, 1584; wounded hi expedition against Ulstermen, 1584-5; raised men in Ireland for service in Netherlands, but meditated treachery, 1585-6: distinguished at Zutphen, 1586; English governor of Deventer, betraying it to Spanish, 1587; pensioned by Spain; advised invasion of England from Ireland; returned to Netherlands to act with Armada, 1588; with Spanish hi France, 1596-7, in Netherlands, 1598-1603; negotiated with English government for pardon; Spanish governor of Mechlin; died at Ghent.
  52. ^ William Stanley (1647–1731), dean of St. Asaph; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1666; fellow of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1669; master, 1693-8; M.A., 1670; created D.D. 1694; chaplain to Princess of Orange, 1685; clerk of the closet and canon of St. Paul's, London, 1689; archdeacon of London, 1692; dean of St Asaph, 1706-31; the Stentor of the Tatler; defrayed cost of act relieving relicts of Welsh clergy from mortuary fees: works include Faith and Practice of a Church of England-Man 1688.
  53. ^ Alfred Stannard (1806–1889), landscapepainter; brother of Joseph Stannard
  54. ^ Joseph Stannard (1797–1830), painter; exhibited with Norwich Society, 1811-16, at Royal Academy and British Institution, 1820-9.
  55. ^ Ephraim Gerrish Stannus (1784-1850), major-general; ensign, Bombay nriny. IKoti; promoted major for services iu Pindari war, 1818; private secretary to Mountstuart Elphinstone; lieutenant-colonel, 9th Native Infantry, 1822; C.B. 1823; first British resident in Persian Gulf, 1823-6: lieutenant-governor of East India College, Addiscombe, 1834-50; knighted, 1887; major-general, 1838.
  56. ^ Sir James Stansfeld (1820–1898) politician ; educated at University College, London; B.A., LL.D. 1844; barrister, Middle Temple, 1849; intimate with Mazzini; liberal M.I for Halifax, 1859-95; advocated cause of Italian unity; junior lord of admiralty, 1868; charged with being In correspondence with conspirators against Napoleon HI, and though hit explanation was nvaniul by 1'almenton as satisfactory realgned office, 1864; under-secretary of state for India, IBM; third lord of treasury, 1868; privy councillor, 1869; financial secretory to treasury, 1869; president of poor law board. lh7l: president of local government board, 1871-4; G.C.B.
  57. ^ John Stanwix (1690?-1766), lieutenant-general; entered army, 1706: lieutenant-colonel, 1746; MP, Carlisle, 1746, Appleby, 1761; governor of Carlisle, 1762; of Isle of Wight, 1763; colonel-commandant of royal Americans (king's royal rifle oorpsX 1766; in Pemii-ylvunia, 1767-60; built Fort Stanwix, 1768; lieutenant-general, 1761; lost in Irish Channel.
  58. ^ Richard Stanwix (1608-1656), divine: M.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 1632; fdlow; B.D., 1G39; incorporated at Cambridge, 1640; chaplain to lord keepers Coventry and Finch; published a devotional work, 1652.
  59. ^ Abraham Stanyan (1669?-1732), diplomatist: student, Middle Temple, 1690; while envoy (1705-9) to Swiss cantons co-operated with Dutch envoy in obtaining for king of Prussia succtvsiun to Neufcbatel: undertook secret mission to Piedmont, 1710; negotiated with emperor Charles Viand Duke of Savoy, 1712; M.I, Buckingham, 1716; envoy extraordinary to the empeior Charles VI, 1716-17; ambassador extraordinary at Constantinople, 1719-20; clerk in privy seal office: member of Kit-Cat Club, but friend of Pope; published Account of Switzerland 1714.
  60. ^ Temple Stanyan (. 1762), author of 'Grecian History 1739 (translated by Diderot, 1743); brother of Abraham Stanyan: of Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford: under-secretary of state, 1716-19; clerk to privy council, 1719.
  61. ^ James Stanyhurst (d. 1573) speaker of the Irish House of Commons; speaker, 1567, 1660, 1568; recorder of Dublin: secured passing of statute of uniformity, 1500; proposed system of national education, 1570; friend of Edmund Campion and Sir Henry Sidney.
  62. ^ Richard Stanyhurst (1547–1618), translator of Virgil: son of James Stauyhurst; B.A. University College, Oxford, 1568; student at Furnivall's Inn and Lincoln's Inn; published Latin commentaries on Porphyry, 1670; contributed Description of Ireland and History of Ireland to Holinshed's Chronicles 1677: became a Romanist abroad, c. 1680; his grotesque translation into English heroics of the first four books of the Aeneid with some original poems and epitaphs, printed at Leyden, 1582 (reprinted by Arber, 1880), and London, 1583; praised as a disciple by Gabriel Harvey, but ridiculed by Nash and Bishop Hall; issued at Antwerp De rebus in Hibernia gestis 1684, and a Latin life of St. Patrick, 1587: plotted with Roman catholic exiles in Flanders; advised Spanish court, 1590-5; named chaplain to governor of the Netherlands, c. 1602: wrote devotional works; corresponded with Archbishop Ussher (his nephew) and replied (1615) to his attack on the pope; died at Brussels.
  63. ^ William Stanyhurst (1602–1663), Jesuit and religious writer; son of Richard Stanyhurst.
  64. ^ William de Stapeldon (1261-1336), bishop of Exeter; professor of canon law, Oxford; chaplain to Pope Clement V; precentor of Exeter; bishop of Exeter. 13071326; accumulated material, awl contributed largely to rebuilding of cathedral; undertook missions U France, 1306, 1313,sndlS19: Joined lords ordalners, 1310; with bis bro.. led Btapeidon UaU (afterwards Bxeter CoUMk uxford, 1314: appointed to hold parliament In KdwardllC nce, 1314; lord high treasurer. 13M; tried to mediate between Edward II and Thomas of Lancaster, 1321; forced to flee from Gascony as a favourite of Edward II, UN; rod- *1M (1490'MMOtX
  65. ^ Edward Staples (1490?-1560?), bishop of Meath; educated at Oxford and Cambridge; M.A, 1514, D.D., 1526: canon of Cardinal College (Christ Church, Oxford), 1525; chaplain to Henry VIII; master of St Bartholomew's Hospital, 1528; bishop of Meath by provision, 1530; compelled to flee to England by Kildare's rebellion 1534; with George Browne (c. 1556) q. v. introduced Irish reformation; deprived by Queen Mary on account of his marriage.
  66. ^ Augustus Granville Stapleton (1800-1880)) author of Political Life of George Canning. 182J II, andGeorge Canning and his Time 18H; B.A. St. John's Coilegc, Cambridge, 18SS; Canning 1 * i I.-...:..:.::..-., tributed political n-niiiiiMi-iMM to Macnullan's Magazine; published political pamphlets.
  67. ^ Brian de Stapleton (1321?-1394) of Wighill, knight; brother of Miles de Stapleton (d. 1364); sent to help the Black Prince in Aquitaine, 1369: icrved imd.T William de Montacute, woond earl of Salisbury rq. v.; captain and warden of Calais, 1380, of Gtrisnes Ca*tle, 1381-3; K.G., 138J: gave evidence in Grosveuor case; hero of several legends. U 1
  68. ^ Gregory Stapleton (1748–1802). Roman catholic prelate; procurator of English College, Douay, 1773-85; president of English College, St. Omer, 1787; imprisoned by revolutionist* at Dourlens: president of St. Edmund's College, Hertfordshire, 1795-1800; bishop of Hierocaesarea and vicar-apostolic of Midlands, 1800-2; died at St. Omer.
  69. ^ Miles de Stapleton (d. 1314), baron: connected by marriage with elder line of Bruces; served Edward I in Scotland and Gascony; director of household of Edward, prince of Wales; steward of Edwanl IPs household. 1307-8: adherent of Thomas of Lancaster; thrice summoned to parliament, 1313: his chapel of St. Nicholas in North Moreton Church still standing; shun at Bannockburn,
  70. ^ Miles de Stapleton M: (d. 1364), of Bedale and Ingham: grandson of Miles de Stapleton (d. 1314): In early life called 'of Cothestone': distinguished in French wars; an original K.G.: envoy of Edward III to Pli'lip of Navarre, 135H; negotiated at BreUguy. 1360: rewarded with annuity, 1361: supported John de Moutfoit in Brittany; died probably of wounds received at An ray; parts of his church at Injfham existing. Hv. 91}
  71. ^ Sir Miles Stapleton, first baronet (1628-1707), nephew of Sir Robert Stapleton; created baronet, 16t2; charged with complicity iu plot of Sir Thomas Gascoigne, 1680; acquitted, 1681.
  72. ^ Sir Philip Stapleton or Stapilton (16O31647), parliamentarian; fellow-commoner. Queens' College, Cambridge, 1017; knighted, 1630; M.P., Boroughbridge in Long Parliament; with Hampden attended Charles 1 in Scotland, 1G41; parliameuUry commissioner in Yorkshire, 1642: commander of Essex's boilyguurd and colonel of horse, 1642; did good service at Bdgehill, 1642, Chalgrove Field, 1643, and first battle of Newbury. 1641; sviit by Essex to represent state of western army to narliument, 1643; member of committee of safety, 1642, of committee of both kingdoms. 1644; opposed self-denying onlinauoe and planned accusation of Cromwell: Impeached with the eleven members by the army, 1647; escaped to Calais, and died there.
  73. ^ Sir Robert Stapleton or Stapylton (d. 1669) dramatist and translator; Benedictine of Douay, 1626; became protestant; knighted, 1642; accompanied Charles I to Oxford after Edgehill; created D.C gentleman usher to privy chamber, 1660: pubhrlicd four plays (three acted), some verse*, and translations. Including Pliny's Panegyricke 1644, and Musaeus, 1645.
  74. ^ Theobald Stapleton (fl. 1636), Irish priest ; author of Catechismus seu Doctrina Christiana Latino-Hibernica (1639, Brussels), first Irish book in Roman type.
  75. ^ Thomas Stapleton (1535–1598), Roman catholic controversialist; of Winchester College and New College, Oxford fellow, 1553); B.A., 1556; prebendary of Chichester 1558 deprived for Romanism, 1563; D.D. and public professor of divinity, Douay, 1571; canon of St. Amatus, Douay; professor of holy scripture and canon of Louvain, 1590; dean of Hilvereubeeck; named prothonotarj- apostolic 1587, but never went to Rome. His works (collected, 1620) include controversial treatises against Jewel and other protestants, a translation of Bede's History of the Church of England 1565, Trea Thomas (St. Thomas, Becket and More), 1588, and a metrical autobiography in Latin. t liv - 101 1
  76. ^ Thomas Stapleton (1805–1849), antiquary; vice-president Society of Antiquaries, 1846; F.R.S.; published, Magni Rotuli Scaccarii NonnanniaB sub Regibus uglise 1841-4; edited works for Oamdeu Society.
  77. ^ Anthony Stapley (1590-1655), regicide; M.P., New Shoreham, 1624-5, Lewes, 1628, Sussex, 1640, 1653-4; colonel and governor of Ohichester, 1642-5; signed deathwarrant of Charles I; member of council of state, 16491653; vice-admiral of Sussex, 1650; member of interim council and of supreme assembly, 1653.
  78. ^ Sir John Stapley , first baronet (1628–1701), second son of Anthony Stapley: M.P., Sussex, 1654, 1656, Lewes, 1661; plotted with John Hewit or Hewett( 1614-1658) and others to restore Charles II, 165r-8; created baronet, 1660.
  79. ^ Adam Stark (1784–1867), antiquary; published histories of Gainsborough (1817), the bishopric of Lincoln ( 1852), and printing ( 1855).
  80. ^ James Stark (1794–1859), landscape-painter; elected to Norwich Society of Artists, 1812; exhibited in London, 1814-18, and after 1830; student at Royal Academy, 1817; awarded premium by British Institution, 1818; bisScenery of Rivers of Norfolkcompleted, 1834; his works exhibited at Norwich, 1887.
  81. ^ William Stark (1740–1770), physician; studied at Glasgow and Edinburgh; under John Hunter (17281793) at St. George's Hospital, London; M.D. Leyden, 1766: made experiments on diet, dying from effects; his Works edited, 1788.
  82. ^ Mariana Starke (1762?-1838), pioneer of guidebooks Travels in Europe &c.); published also plays and other works; died at Milan.
  83. ^ Geoffrey Starkey (d. 1440). See Geoffrey the Grammarian.
  84. ^ George Starkey, Storkey or Stirke (d. 1665), empiric ; born in the Bermudas; M.A. Harvard, 1646; claimed medical degree; practised in English settlements in America, and met the mysterious Kirenaeus Philalethes; proceeded to England between 1646 and 1650; sold quack medicines, 1650-66; published medical tracts, a royalist pamphlet, * Liquor Alcbahest 1676, and prefaces to The Marrow of Alchemy by Eirenseus Philoponus Philalethes 1654; often confused with last named (see Eirenaeus Philalethes); died after dissecting plague patient,
  85. ^ Sir Humphrey Starkey (d. 1486), chief-baron of the exchequer; of the Inner Temple; counsel for John Paston, 1464, 1466; serjeant-at-law, 1478; chief baron, 1483-6; knighted: judge of common pleas under Richard III and Henry VII.
  86. ^ Ralph Starkey (d. 1628), transcriber and collector of state papers and manuscripts; confidential papers of William Davison (1541?-1608) seized by government in his house, 1619; his papers now in the Harleian collection, British Museum.
  87. ^ Thomas Starkey (1499?-1538), author of Exhortation to Christian Unity (or Treatise against Papal Supremacy) and Dialogue between Pole and Lupset (ed. J. M. Cowper, 1871); M.A. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1621, fellow, 1522-4: incumbent of Great Mongeham, 1530; LL.D. while with Reginald Pole in Italy; chaplain to Henry VIII and Countess of Salisbury, 1534; suggested (1633) reference to a general council of the divorce question: master of college of Corpus Christi, London, 1536; his letters edited by S. J. Herrtage, 1878.
  88. ^ Thomas Starkie (1782–1849), legal writer ; senior wrangler and first Smith's prizeman, 1803; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1806; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1810; K.C. at Lancaster; Q.O.; member of commission on amendment of the law; Downing professor of law, Cambridge, 1823-49; judge of Clerkenwell county court, 1847-9; wrote on thelaw of evidence 1824.
  89. ^ James Starley (1831–1881), machinist ; brought outEuropeansewing machine, 1857; patentedAriel and other improved bicycles; brought outCoventry tricycle, 1876; his masterpiece theSalvoquadricycle.
  90. ^ Nicholas Statham (A 1467), author of Epitome Annalium Librorum temp. Henrici Sexti (Pynson); reader, Lincoln's Inn, 1471.
  91. ^ Sir William Staunford (1509–1558). See Stanford.
  92. ^ Edmund Staunton (1600-1671), president of Corpus Christi College, Oxford College, Oxford, 1615, fellow, 1617; M.A., 1623, D.D., 1634; incumbent of Bushey, and of Kingston-on-Tbames; member of Westminster Assembly of Divines, and preacher in the abbey, 1643; president of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1648; ejected, 1660; preached in conventicles, 1662-71; SaltereHall built for him; published puritan tracts.
  93. ^ Francis French Staunton (1779?–1825), lieutenant-colonel; ensign, Bombay army, 1798; lieutenant-colonel, 1823; served in Mysore war, and (1801) Egypt; repulsed peshwa's army at Korigaum, 1817; C.B.; died at sea.
  94. ^ Sir George Leonard Staunton (1737–1801), diplomatist; M.D. Montpellier, 1758; friend of Dr. Johnson, 1759-62, and of Burke later; practised in West Indies, 1762-70; in Grenada, 1772-9; sometime attorney-general; active in defence of Grenada, 1779; while secretary to Lord Macartney at Madras undertook mission to Warren Hastings, 1782, and negotiated treaty with Tippu Sultan, 1784; pensioned by East India Company and created Irish baronet, 1785; F.R.S., 1787; hon. D.C.L. Oxford, 1790; secretary to Macartney's embassy to China, 1792; published an account, 1797; buried in Westminster Abbey. (1600-1671), president of ; scholar of Corpus Ohristi (1781-1859),
  95. ^ Sir George Thomas Staunton writer on China; son of Sir George Leonard Stauuton ; accompanied Macartney's Chinese embassy, 1792; at Canton, 1798 to 1817; interpreter, 1808; chief of factory, 1816-17; introduced vaccination into China, 1805; member of abortive embassy to Pekin, 1816; M.P.,St. Michael's, 1818-26, Heytesbury, 1830-1, Portsmouth, 1838-52; cofounder of Royal Asiatic Society, 1823; F.R.S., 1803: hon. D.C.L. Oxford, 1818; works include Fundamental Laws 1810 (first Chinese book Englished), and biographical memoirs.
  96. ^ Hervey de Staunton (c.1265-1327), judge ; held j livings in Norfolk; went to Rome, 1300; justice itinerant I in Cornwall, 1302, Durham, 1303; judge of common pleas, 1306; chancellor of the exchequer, 1316-23 and 1324-6; I chief-justice of king's bench. 1323-4, of common pleas, 1326-7; adherent of Edward II; his foundation of Michael House, Cambridge, absorbed hi Trinity College.
  97. ^ Howard Staunton (1810–1874), chess-player and editor of Shakespeare; reputed son of fifth Earl of Carlisle; defeated chess champion of Europe (St. Amant), 1843, Horwitz and Harrwitz, 1846; beaten in international tournament, 1851, and by Baron von Heydebraud, 1852; editedChess-Player's Chronicle 1840-54; published Chess- Player's Handbook," 1847; hisChess: Theory and Practice edited by R. B. Wormald, 1876; issued his edition of Shakespeare, 1857-60 (reissue!, 18G4); Great Schools of England 1865; wrote articles on Unsuspected Corruptions of Shakespeare's Text for Athenamrn 1872-4.
  98. ^ Sir Charles William Dunbar Staveley (1817-1896), general; son of William Staveley (1784-1854) ; educated at Scottish military academy; entered army, 1H3S; aide-de-camp to governor of Mauritius. 18401843, to governor-general British North Arncrir t Military secretary, Hoii'k aide-de camp to Duke of Cambridge at Alma and Balaclava, 1854; O.B. for services with Byre's brigade, 1 brigade in Peking expedition, 1880: defeated Taeplng* and recommended Gordon for command of Chinese force*. 1862; major-general, 1867; led first divUion in Abytlnlan campaign, 1867-8; Commander-in-chief at Bombay, 18741878; general, 1877; G.C.U
  99. ^ Thomas Staveley (1626–1684), author of 'The Romish Horseleech 1674, and posthumous historical works; barrister. Inner Temple, 1664; steward of Leicester court of record*, 1672; his Leicester collections printed by Nichols,
  100. ^ William Staveley (1784–1854), lieutenant-general; served with Caithness Legion, 1798-1804: entered staff corps, 1804; on quartermaster-general staff throughout Peninsular war; guided stormers at Ciudad Rodrigo: on headquarters staff at Waterloo, 1815; sent to communicate with Blucher; brevet lieutenant-colonel and O.B., 1816: wounded at Paris while directing carrying out of convention: acting governor of Mauritius, 1842; major-general, 1846: held command at Homrkong, 1847-50, Bombay, 1851-2; commauJer-iu- chief at Madras, 1853-4.
  101. ^ Sir John Stawell or Stowell (1599-1662), royalist: gentleman-commoner, Queen's College, Oxford. 1616: M.P., Somerset, 1625, in Long parliament, and 1661-2: K.B., 1625; sheriff of Somerset, 1628; raised five regiments for Charles I; governor of Tauuton: M.A. and M.D. Oxford, 1643: advocated association of western counties under Prince Charles, 1645: captured at Exeter, 1646; imprisoned, 1646-60, and fined; bis son created Baron Stawell, 1683.
  102. ^ Sir William Foster Stawell (1815-1889), first chief-justice of Victoria: B.A.Dublin. 1837, LL.D., 1874; Irish barrister, 1839; admitted to Melbourne bar, 1842; advocated separation of Port Phillip from New South Wales; first attorney-general of Victoria, 1851-5, drafting early laws and preparing Coustitut on Act, 18641855; member for Melbourne and attorney-general, 18551857; chief-justice, 1857-86; knighted, 1858: lieutenant-governor, 1887-9; K.C.M.G., 1888; died at Naples.
  103. ^ George Stayley (1727–1779?), actor and playwright; played in Dublin, 1752-66, and at the Oanongate Music Hall, Edinburgh, 1766: a riot caused by bis not being re-engaged at Edinburgh, 1767; publishedLife and Opinions of an Actor 1762.
  104. ^ William Stayley (d. 1678). See Staley.
  105. ^ Sir Richard Stayner (. 1662), admiral ; commanded the Foresight in actions off Portland (February), and the Gabbard (June), and in battle of 29-31 July, 1653; captured great part of Spanish West Indian treasure fleet off Cadiz, 1656; knighte.l for services in Blake's destruction of Spanish ships at Santa Cruz, 1667: rear-admiral of the fleet which brought Charles II to England, 1660; again knighted; diedat Lisbon, vice-admiral of Mediterranean fleet
  106. ^ Henry Stebbing (1687–1763), divine; M.A. St. Catharine Hall, Cambridge, 1712, D.D., 1730, fellow, 17101713; incorporated at Oxford, 1738; preacher at Gray's Inn, 1731: chaplain to George II, 1732: chancellor of Sarum, 1739; rector of Redenhall, 1748-63; attacked Warburton's Divine Legation; wrote against Benjamin Hoadly and George Whitefield. Image at File:Henry Stebbing by Joseph Highmore.jpg.
  107. ^ Henry Stebbing (1716–1787), son of Henry Stebbing (1687-1763); fellow of St. Catharine Hall, Cambridge; preacher at Cray's Inn, 1760-87.
  108. ^ Henry Stebbing (1799–1883), divine and author ; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1827; D.D.. 1839; incorporated at Oxford, 1857: F.H.S.. 1845; acting editor of theAthenaeumalmost from its beginning, 1828; chaplain to University College Hospital, 1834-7 of St. Mary Somerset, London, 1857. with p;ir -h.- a Id.-l to it, 1866 and 1879: published a continuation to 1837 of Hume and Smollett's History Lives of the Italian poi: reissued, 1832, I860), and other works.
  109. ^ Charles Stedman (1753-1812), author of History of the Origin, Progress, and Termination of the American War 91794); a and Mary College, Virginia TeoouniMary wtth Sir William Howe's troops daring American war: twice wounded and twice captured; received pott in English stamp office.
  110. ^ John Andrew Stedman (1778-1833), general to the Dutch army; served against English, 17W and 18W; general ol army at Dresden and Bautzen, 1813: commanded Dutch reserves at Waterloo.
  111. ^ John Gabriel Stedman (1744-1797), soldier and author; born In Holland: served In 9coU brigade In Dutch army, 1760-72 and 1777-85; volunteer In expedition against revolted negroe* lu Surinam, 1772-7; major in Hriti-h army (Soots brigade). 1793, lieutenant-colonel, 1796: published narrative of the Surinam expedition (with platen by Bartolozzl and Blake), 1796 (2nd ed., 1806).
  112. ^ Rowland Stedman (1630?-1673), Nonconformist divine; scholar of Balliol College, mfonl. 1649: 1656; rector of Hanwell, 1657, of Woklngbam, 1680; ejected, 1662; published devotional work*.
  113. ^ Sir Scudamore Winde Steel (1789–186*). lieutenant-general: lieutenant, Madras army, 1806: (erred in Mahratta war, 1817-18, and first Burmese war, 18ft; military secretary at Madras. 1832-45; planned and execute 1 reduction of Coorg, 1834; C.U., 1838; commanded Madras division in second Burmese war, 1852-3: K.O.B., 1853: lieutenant-general, 1861.
  114. ^ Anne Steele ( 1717-1778), hymn-writer: published as Theodosia Poems on Subjects chiefly devotional 1760 (reissued, 178))); complete works issued by Daniel Sedgwick, 1863.
  115. ^ Christopher Steele (fl.–1756), portrait-painter; known as 'Count Steele'; friend of Romney.
  116. ^ Joshua Steele (1700-1791), author of Bsaay towards establishini; tl..- M--!lv an 1 Measure of Speech... by certain Symbols1775 (-Piwodia Rationalis 1779): member of Society of Arts, 1766; lived on estates in Barbados from 1780; vstahlMiol Bridgetown Society of Arts, 1781; made his negroes copyholders, 1789.
  117. ^ Richard Steele or Steel (1629–1692), nonconformist divine: sizar, St. John's College, Cambridge, 1642: incorporated M.A. at Oxford, 1656; rector of Haumer, 1650-62; ordainer of Philip Henry, 1667, V, author ofThe Tradesman's Calling, 7 1684 Religious and Matthew Henry, 1687; rest ienry gned 1.  ?. _. living, 1662; Tradesman ).
  118. ^ Sir Richard Steele (1672–1729). author and politician: born at Dublin a few weeks before Addison, his schoolfellow at Charterhouse, London: postmaster. Merton College, Oxford, 1691-4: cadet in life-guards, 1694; dedicated mourning verses on Queen Mary to John, baron Cutte; became his secretary, 1696-7: received commission: published The Christian Hero 1701: his comedy, The Funeral acted at Drury Lane, London, 1701 (published same year), noticed by William III: captain of foot, 1702; hi*Lying Lovergiven at Drury Lane, London, 1703 (published, 1704), andThe Tender Husband partly by Addison, 1703 (printed): gentleman waiter to Prince George of Denmark, 1706: named gazetteer by ll.iri.-v. 1707; married cecretly Miss Mary Scurlock (second wife), 1707; bis letters to her presented to British Mumim, 1787; began theTaller April 1709; carried it on with help of Addison till January 1711, writing himself M 'Isaac Bickerstaff 188 numbers out of 271; commissioner of stamp*, 1710; lost gazetu-ersbip for satirising Harley. 1710; with Addisou carried on the Spectator? 1711-12, writing 236 papers and sketching the Spectator Club (No. 2); carried on theGuardianas non-political till attacked by the tory Ex amnor 1713; reigned office and penwion and was elected M P. for Ptockbridirt, 1713; attacked government on demolition of Dunkirk question: i the whig Englishman October 171 3- February 1714: issued The Crisis in favour of Hanoverian succession, January 1714, answered br Swift'sPublic Spirit of the Whigs: expelled House of Commons for seditious libel (March); publishedPoetical Miscellanies 1714, and further political pamphlets: on accession of George I named J P., deputy-lieutenant for Middlesex, surveyor of Hampton Court stables, and supervisor of Drury Lane Theatre, London; issued The LadiesLibrary and Mr. Steele's Apology 1714: M.P., Horouphbridtre, 1715, Yndorer, 1722; knighted, 1715; established the * Censoriutn in ViHiers Street, London, 1715: commissioner for Scottish forfeited estates, 1716; his denunciation in the Plebeian (1718) of Sunderland's Peerage Bill answered by Addison in theOld Whig causing quarrel and withdrawal of Drury Lane patent, 1720 (restored, 1721); issued The Theatre * and pamphlets against South Sea mania, 1720; published second edition of Addison'sDrummer with reply to Tickell's charges, 1721: his last comedy,The Conscious Lovers produced at Drury Lane, London, 1722.
  119. ^ Thomas Steele (1788–1848), O'Connell's 'head pacificator: B.A. Dublin, 1810; M.A. Cambridge, 1820; raised money for and joined rising against Ferdinand VII of Spain, 1823-4; though protestaut, O'OomieU's chief supporter in Clare election, 1828; at second election fought duel with William Smith O'Brien; tried with O'Connell, 1843; supported him against Young Irelanders; attempted suicide after his death; wrote on Shannon navigation, and published (1824)Notes of the War in Spain
  120. ^ Sir Thomas Montague Steele (1820–1890), general; ensign, 1838; aide-de-camp to governor of Madras, 1842-8; military secretary in Crimea, 1854-5; brevet colonel and C.B.,1854; general, 1877; commanderin-chief in Ireland, 1880-5; G.C.B., 1887.
  121. ^ William Steele (d. 1680), lord chancellor of Ireland; of Cains College, Cambridge; barrister, Gray's Inn, 1637; commissioner for martial law, 1644; recorder of London, 1649; M.P., London, 1654; disabled by illness from taking part in trial of Charles I; prosecuted royalists, 1649; member of committee to reform the law, 1652; serjeant-at-law, 1654; chief-baron of the exchequer, 1655; lord chancellor of Ireland, 1656; proclaimed Richard, but quarrelled with Henry Cromwell; commissioner to govern Ireland for Long parliament, 1659; went to Holland, 1660, but returned unmolested.
  122. ^ Gourlay Steell (1819-1894), animal-painter; studied under Sir William Allan and Robert Scott Lander; first exhibited at Scottish Academy, 1832; RJ3.A., 1859; animal- painter to Queen Victoria for Scotland, 1872; curator of Scottish National Gallery, 1882.
  123. ^ Sir John Steell (1804–1891), sculptor ; brother of Gourlay Steell; studied at TrusteesAcademy, Edinburgh, and in Rome; modelled Alexander taming Bucephalus 1833; executed statue of Queen Victoria for Royal Institution, of Scott, Wellington, and others at Edinburgh, Lord Dalhousie (Calcutta), Burns ( New York); knighted on inauguration of Scottish memorial to Prince Albert, 1876; modelled numerous busts; R.S.A., 1829; sculptor to Queen Victoria for Scotland, 1838; introduced artistic bronze casting into Scotland.
  124. ^ Edward Steere (1828–1882), missionary bishop; B.A. London, 1847, LL.D., 1850; barrister, Inner Temple, 1850; rector of Little Steeping, 1859-73; accompanied Bishop William George Tozer to the Shire, East Africa, 1862; had temporary cliarge of Zanzibar mission, 1866-8; addressed church congress on slave trade, 1871; bishop of Outral Africa, 1874-82; penetrated into Nyassa district, 75-6, and founded Masai station: preached in England, 1877; D.D. Oxford, 1877; opened Zanzibar Cathedral 1879; visited England, 1882; published books on English brotherhoods (1856), persecutions of the church (1859), the Central African mission, and East African dialects Handbook of Swahili (1870), and Swahili Tales (1871); died at Zanzibar.
  125. ^ Charles Steevens (1705–1761), rear-admiral; lieutenant, 1729; commanded flreship at attack on Carthagena, 1741; assisted in capture of Magnanime, 1748; took remforoemente to East Indies, 1767; second in command under Pocock in actions in April and August, 1758. and 10 Sept. 1759; wounded and promoted rear-admiral co-operated withCoote in capture of Pondicherry, 1761.
  126. ^ George Steevens (1736–1800), commentator on Shakespeare: of Eton and King's College, Cambridge: issued reprints of twenty quarto editions of Shakespeare's plays, 1766; at Dr. Johnson's suggestion published another fully annotated edition, 1773, reissued, 1778; attacked by Joseph Ritson and others; contributed to Reed's Biographia Dnnmtiea (1782); assisted Dr. Johnson in Lives of the Poets; contributed anecdotes to Hawkins's edition of Dr. Johnson's works, 1787; member of The Club 1774, and Essex Head Club, 1783; F.S.A. and F.R.S.. 1767; constantly quarrelled with literary associates; attacked the Rowley poems and the supporters of their genuineness; satirise! literary crazes; forged letter of George Peele describing meeting with Shakespeare: issued his edition of Shakespeare (without poems) to displace Maloue's, 1793; called by Giffonlthe Puck of Commentators; assailed the Irelands, writing inscription for Gillray's caricature, 1795-7; joint-editor with Bishop Percy of Surrey's poems, 1795; left Hogarth prints to William Windhain, and Shakespeares to Earl Spencer and Isaac Reed; his unpublished notes embodied by Reed in new Shakespeare, 1803 first variorum): his librarys old, 1800; his second folio Shakespeare bought for George III, now in British Museum.
  127. ^ George Warrington Steevens (1869–1900), journalist; educated at City of London school; B.A. Oxford and London, 1892; fellow of Pembroke College, Oxford, 1893; edited Cambridge Observer 1893; on staff of Pall Mall Gazette 1893-5; joined staff of Daily Mail 1896; special correspondent successively in United States, Greece, Germany, Egypt and Soudan, India, Rennes (for trial of Captain Alfred Dreyfus), and South Africa; died of enteric fever at Ladysmith during the siege. His publications include Monologues of the Dead 1895, and several volumes of articles reprinted from theDaily Mail
  128. ^ Richard Steevens (1653–1710), chief founder of Steevens's hospital, Dublin; B.A. Dublin, 1675, M.D. T 1687; took deacon's orders; president, Irish College of Physicians, 1710. liv. 148J
  129. ^ John Stenhouse (1809–1880), chemist: studied chemistry at Glasgow and Giessen; LL.D. Aberdeen, 1850; chemical lecturer at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1851-7; assayer to the mint, 1865-70; F.R.S., 1848; a founder of Chemical Society; invented charcoal air-filters and respirators: took out many patents; discovered betorcinol; published chemical papers.
  130. ^ William Stenhouse (1773?–1827), Scottish antiquary; edited Johnson's Musical Museum (reprinted, 1839).
  131. ^ Joseph Stennett (1663–1713), seventh-day baptist; Sunday lecturer, Paul's Alley, Barbican, London; eight of his hymns still in use; works collected, 1732, but some not included.
  132. ^ Joseph Stennett (1692–1758), baptist minister ; son of Joseph Stennett (1663-1713); D.D.
  133. ^ Samuel Stennett (1728–1795), baptist minister : minister at Little Wild Street, London, 1758-95; son of Joseph Stennett (1692-1758); D.D. Aberdeen, 1763; works collected, 1824.
  134. ^ Francis Philip Stephanoff (1790?–1860), historical and genre painter: exhibited at Royal Academy and British Institution, 1807-45, with OldWater-colour Society, 1815-20; gained prize at Westminster Hall competition, 1843. liv. 150)
  135. ^ James Stephanoff (1788?–1874), vatercolourpainter; brother of Francis Philip Stephanotf; associateOldWater-colour Society, 1819; historical painter in water-colours to William IV, 1830; a founder of Sketching Society.
  136. ^ Stephen (1097?–1154), king of England; son of Stephen Henry, count of Blois, and Adela. daughter of William I; brought up by Henry I; knighted and granted lands in England and county of Mortain: acquired Alencon, 1118; constantly with Henry I after death of his sou William: swore first of lay barons to acknowledge Empress Matilda as heir to England and Normandy, 1126, also her son, 1133; claimed Knplish crown, 1135; chosen king by London; crowned at Westminster, 1135; issued charter; acknowledged in Normandy; recognised by Pope Innocent II, despite Matilda's appeal, 1136; bought off David I of Scotland: inmed w-cond.-li.irt.-r, 1136, promising to surrender lands arr.r.--t.-i by H.-nry I; crushed barons at Norwich, Bam pton, and Kx.-t.-r; made truce with Geoffrey of An jou, 1137; drove back Scots, 1138; alienated barons by favouring foreigners and extravagance: took Shrewsbury, 11S8; took Leeds C n -tl- Kmt ) and made treaty with Scotland, but failed it-fort- Ludlow. 1139; arrested Bishop Roger of * iry and his son and nephew; crashed revolt of Isle of Ely and took BangayOuUe, 1140; defeated and captured, after gallant fight at Lincoln by Robert ear) of Gloucester, 1141; imprisoned at Bristol and deposed by church council, but soon released in exchange for Gloucester, and again crowned, 1141; first English king who allowed tournaments; took Oxford and blockaded Matilda In the castle. 11 42; routed n.-. 1143; failed elsewhere, bat was successful against Gloucester in the west 1144; defeated barons in Norfolk and Essex, 1146; regained Bedford, built Crowmarsh, and compelled Randulf of Chester to surrender Lincoln, 1146: reduced earls of Chester and Pembroke, 1149; failed before Worcester Castle, 1160-1; at fend with the papacy. 11471161, causing interdict 1148: failed to obtain papal sanction for coronation of his son Eustace, 1162: made trace with Henry of Aujou at Crowmarsh: concluded treaty of Wallingford, 11 53, obtaining crown for life, but giving op succession; lost his only surviving son, 1164; burial in Feversham Abbey (his foundation).
  137. ^ Stephen usually known as STKPHKX or WHITBY (d. 1112), abbot of St. Mary's, York; prior of Whiti-y: removed house to Lastingham, finally to York; visited by William II: his account of the foundation in Dngdale's Mouasticou
  138. ^ Saint Stephen (d. 1134). See Harding.
  139. ^ Stephen de Tours or de Marzai (d. 1193), seneschal of Anjou; royal chamberlain; when seneschal of Anjou fired Le Mans to defend it from the French king, Philip Augustus; imprisoned by Richard I on his accession, but subsequently continued in authority; his death foretold by a wizard. He has been wrongly identified with Stephen de Turuhain
  140. ^ Stephen de Turnham (d. 1215). See Turnham.
  141. ^ Stephen de Lexinton (fl. 1260), abbot of Clairvaux. See Lexinton.
  142. ^ Stephen of Exeter (fl. 1265), supposed author of 'Annales Domus Montis Fernandi (Armagh MS.)
  143. ^ Stephen de Gravesend (d. 1338), bishop of London. See Gravesend.
  144. ^ Stephen Langton (d. 1228). See Langton.
  145. ^ Sir Alfred Stephen (1802–1894), chief-justice of New South Wales; nephew of James Stephen (1758-1832) ; born in St Christopher's: barrister, Lincoln Inn, 1823; as solicitor-general (1825-32) and attorney Frencral (1833-7) organised courts and passed numerous statutes in Van Diemen's. Land i chief -justice, New South Wales, 1844-73; lieutenant-governor, 1876-91; president of first legislative council, 1856-7; knighted, 1846: C.B., 1._: i;.c.M.d., 1884; privy councillor, 1893; president of colonial commission for revising statute law, 1870; obtained consolidation of criminal law, 1883; carriol divorce law, 1890; died at Sydney: hisJottings from Memoryprivately printed, 1889.
  146. ^ Edward Stephen (1822–1888). Welsh musician Tanymarian; Independent minister: self-taught musician; composed Ystorm Tiberias first Welsh oratorio, 1851-2.(revised score, 1887); edited Welsh independent hymnals, 1860, 1868, 1879.
  147. ^ Sir George Stephen (1794–1879), lawyer and author: fourth son of James Stephen (1768-1832): solicitor; formed plan for Agency Committee* of Anti-Slavery Society; solicitor under act for relieving imprisoned pauper debtors; knighted, 1837; barrister, Gray's Inn, 1849; emigrated to Melbourne, 1866; published A.I ventures of a Gentleman in Search of a Hone,* by Caveat Emptor, 1836,Adventures of an Attorney in Search of Practice 1839,Anti-Slavery Recollections 1864, and other works; died at Melbourne.
  148. ^ Henry John Stephen (1787–1864), legal writer ; brother of Sir George Stephen; of St John's College, Cambridge; barrister, 1815: srrjeant-at law and common law commissioner. 1 828; raid to have declined judiMiip from onwilllnfMM to pronounce capital sentences; bankruptcy commissioner. 184S-M: r-*"  :-a- ":.;: -...;.,;.,.-.!.":.,.{: Criminal Law 1854, and New CominenUrk* on the Laws of England 1841-6 (10th edit. 188*X
  149. ^ James Stephen (1768-18M). master in chancery ; barrister, 1781: practised in St CbrUtopberX 17-fc. -nation on slave-trade to Uw abolltkmJn v..n*r..-law and active supporter of Wilberforoe; iMiirdWar in Dimful" against evasiom of British nvulatious by neotral traders, 1801; M.I Tralee, 1808-12, East Griiwtead, 1811-16; resigned seat on rrfotal of government to support regtstrmtkm of slaves; master in chancery, 1811-31; adherent ofClapbam Beef: obief work,Slavery in the British West India Colonies delineated (vol. i. 1824, vol. ii. 1830).
  150. ^ Sir James Stephen (1789–1869), colonial secretary: son of Jame* Stephen (1768-18SS) q. v.l: LL.B. Trinity Hall, Cmmbridge, 1812; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1811: permanent counsel to colonial office and board 01 trad-. r-sfcretary for colonies, 1816-17: ovtr-secretary Stephen* from his influence: prepared bill abolishing slave-trade, 1833; much concerned in establishment of responsible government in Canada: K.C.B. and privy councillor on resigning ondersTftnryblp, 1847: professor of modern history. CamM9-59,at Ka.-t India College, Haileybury. 1866-7; published Essays in Ecclorfastical biography 1849, and Lectures on the History of France 185J.
  151. ^ Sir James Fitzjames Stephen, first baronet (1829-1894), judge; son of Sir James Stephen; .i Kt.in. Kii.v- O.lhve, Loixlon, awl Tnnity CoUege, C.iinl.ri.l.-i-: 13.A., 1861; a fru-i.d of sir H-i.r'y Sumner Maine; barrister, Inner Temple, 1864; began to write for Saturday Review 1866: secretary to education commission, 1S58-01; counsel for Rowland Williams in ES.-UVS an.l Reviews case, 1861: intimate with Froude ami Carlyk-; contributed to Fraser and too 'Conihill 1860-3; chief writer onPall Mall Gazette 18C5-9; acted for Jamaica committee against Governor Eyre, 1867; Q.C., IfCW: legal member of council in India, 1869-72, being chiefly responsible for Evidence A ujembcrof Metaphxhiral Society: occupied in attempted codification of fisftttn law, 1873-4 and 1876-8: profeswMr of common law at Inns of Court 1875; member of legal commissions, 1876-8; defended Lytton's Indian policy, 1877-8; judge of high court 1879-91; chairman of ordnance commission, 1886; created baronet on retirement from bench, 1891: K.C.S.I., 1877: hon. D.C.L. 1878; LL.D. Edinburgh, 1884; chin work-.General View of theCriminal Luw of England * (18C3. !, H; tory of the Criminal Law 1883, andtory of Nuncomar and Sir Elijah Impey 1886.
  152. ^ James Kenneth Stephen (1869–1892), author of Lapsus Calami and other verses (collected, 1896): son of feir James Fitzjames Stephen: of Eton and King's College, Cambridge; Vh,-v-:i M-holar, 1881; fellow, 1886; president of Cainhri.lt: Union, 1H8J, and an 'apostle tutor to Duke of Clarence, 1881; issued The Reflector (1888).
  153. ^ Alexander Stephens (1757–1821), biographical writer; educated at Aberdeen; lived in Jamaica; barrister, Middle Temple: conducter The Templar, edited early volumes of Annual Biography and Obituary; chief work, Memoirs of John Horne Tooke 1813.
  154. ^ Catherine Stephens, Countess of Essex (1794-1882), vocalist and actress; snng onder direction of lirualdn Lanza. 1H07-U: appeared successfully at ml.-n. Ixnulon, in Artaxerxi* 1813, remaining there till 1H22: pr.nripal soprano at concert of ancient music, 1814; played Ophelia and Desdetnona. 1814. Imogen, 1816: created Susanna in Marriage of Figaro 1819. and various parts in adaptations of Scott, 1816-20: with Elliston at Drury Lane, London, 1823-7; again at Covent Oanlen, London, 1828; unsurpassed for her rendering of ballads: coupled by Haxlitt with Kean as dramatic artist, and highly praised by Leigh Hunt: retired. 1836: married fifth Earl of Essex 1838.
  155. ^ Charles Edward Stephens (1821–1892), musician, nephew of Catherine Stephens: organist at London cluin-lies: treasurer of Phiharmonic Society, 1880. His compositions include a symphony in G minor (Philharmonic, lJl).
  156. ^ Edward Stephens (d. 1706). pamphleteer; practise-1 at i-om:uonlaw bar, but afterwards took orders; callel MODSfor theological learning; son-in law of Sir Matthew Hale and editor of hisContemplations(1676); published political tracts, 1689-90; attacked Romanists, qtuikers, anderastians; hisLiturgy of the Ancient* (1696) reprinted, 1848.
  157. ^ Edward Bowring Stephens (1815–1882), sculptor: student, Royal Academy, 1836; exhibited there, 1838-9 and 1842-82, receiving gold medal for 'Battle of Centaurs and LapithaB 1843; in Rome, 18391841: A.R.A., 1864; had two groups at exhibition of 18SL
  158. ^ George Stephens (1800–1851), dramatist; his tragedy Martinuzzi played by Phelps at English Opera House, London, 1841; published tragedies, romances, and Dramas for the Stage 1846.
  159. ^ George Stephens (1813–1895), runic archaeologist; of University College, London; at Stockholm, 1834-51; issued text-books and translations for Swedish students; assisted in foundation of Society for Publication of Ancient Swedish Texts, 1843; translate! the AngloSaxon poem The Phoenix 1844; catalogued English and French manuscripts in royal library, 1847; lector in English at Copenhagen University, 1851, in Anglo-Saxon, 1852, professor of English and Anglo-Saxon, 1855-93; Ph.D. Upsala, 1877: knight of Scandinavian orders; F.S.A.; furnished quotations for New English Dictionary; chief work,The Old Northern Runic Monuments of Scandinavia and England now first collected and deciphered (vols. i. 1866, ii. 1868, iii. 1884: abridged, 1884), valuable for materials, but severely criticised for defective philology.
  160. ^ Henry Stephens (1795–1874), author of 'The Book of the Farm 1842-4 (often reprinted); of Edinburgh University; studied agriculture in Berwickshire, 1816-18, and on the continent, 1818-19; introduced improvements on farm at Balmadies, Forfarshire, 1820-30; at Bonnington, near Edinburgh, produced agricultural works alone and in collaboration; edited agricultural periodicals.
  161. ^ James Francis Stephens (1792–1852), entomologist; educated at Christ's Hospital, London; in admiralty, 1807-45; wrote on birds in Shaw'sGeneral Zoology 1815-25; assisted in arranging insects at British Muaeum from 1818, publishingCatalogue of British Lepidoptera 1850-2; F.L.S., 1815, F.Z.S., 1826; chief work, Illustrations of British Entomology 1827-37 (suppl. 1846).
  162. ^ Jane Stephens (1813?–1896), actress; gained first success at Olympic, London, as Mrs. Willoughby in 'Ticket of Leave 1863: Nurse inRomeo and Juliet 1867; subsequently played old women's parts; last appearance at the Shaftesbury, London, 1889.
  163. ^ Jeremiah Stephens (1591–1665), coadjutor of Sir Henry Spelman in first volume of hisConcilia (1639); M.A. Brasenose College, Oxford, 1615; B.D., 1628: chaplain of All Souls College, Oxford; rector of Quiuton, 1622, Wootton, 1626; prebendary of Lincoln, 1639, of Sarum, 1660; depri veil, 1644; reinstated, 1 660: edited St. Gregory 4 de Cura Pastorali 1629, and works by Cyprian and Spelman.
  164. ^ John Stephens (fl. 1616), author of 'Satyrical Easayes, Characters, and others 1615 (partly reprinted by Halliwell-Phillipps, 1857); of Lincoln's Inii.
  165. ^ Joseph Rayner Stephens (1805 -1879), agitator; brother of George Stephens (1813-1895) methodist missioner at Stockholm, 1826-9; chaplain to British ambassador and friend of Montalembert; Wesleyan minister in England, 1829-34: joined chartists, 88; arrested for attending unlawful meeting at Hyde 8; sentenced to find sureties for five years, 1839; preached and conducted papers at Ashton-uuder-Lyne, 1840-41, at Stalybridge, 1852-75.
  166. ^ Nathaniel Stephens (1606?–1678), nonconformist divine; M.A. Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1628: took the covenant, 1642; rector of Fenny Drayton, 1659-62; held discussions with George Fox (1624-1691), Gerard Winstanley, and anabaptists; published work on the Apocalypse, 1656, and controversial tracts.
  167. ^ Sir Philip Stephens, first baronet (1725–1809), secretary of the admiralty. 1763-95; secretary to George Anson, baron Anson; F.R.S., 1771; M.P., Sandwich, 1768-1806; created baronet, 1795; granted special pension, 1806.
  168. ^ Robert Stephens (1665–1732), historiographer royal; barrister, Middle Temple, 1689; F.S.A., 1717; chief solicitor of the customs; historiographer royal, 1726-32; collected and published, with introduction, letters of Francis Bacon in reign of James I, 1702; his Letters and Remains of Lord Chancellor Bacon 1734, edited by his widow; his catalogue of letters and papers connected with Bacon in British Museum.
  169. ^ Thomas Stephens or Stevens (1549?–1619), Jesuit missionary and author; educated at Winchester; entered Society of Jesus at St. Andrew's College, Home; went as missionary to East Indies, 1579, and laboured at Portuguese settlement at Goa till death; spiritual coadjutor, 1588; published works on the Canarese language and other writings.
  170. ^ Thomas Stephens (1821–1875), Welsh scholar; chemist at Merthyr Tydfil; high constable, 1858; won prizes at eisteddfodau, 1840-58; his prize essay of 1848 (Abergavenny) published as The Literature of the Kymry 1849 (German translation, 1861); disproved Welsh claim to discovery of America, 1858, the essay Madoc being published, 1893; established medieval origin of the Triads; his work on The Gododiu of Aneurin Gwawdrydd edited for Cymmrodorion Society, 1888.
  171. ^ William Stephens (1647?–1718), whig divine ; M.A. St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, 1671 (incorporated at Cambridge), B.D., 1678; rector of Sutton, and archdeacon, 1690; preached strong whig sermon before House of Commons, 1700 (reprinted, 1752); wrongly sentenced for libel, 1706; published Account of the Growth of Deism in England 1696.
  172. ^ William Stephens (1671–1753), president of Georgia: of Winchester and King's College, Cambridge; M.A., 1688; M.P., Newport (Isle of Wight), 1702-22; colonel of militia; met James Edward Oglethorpe in South Carolina, 1736; settled in Georgia, 1737; president of Georgia, 1743-50; publishedJournal of the Proceedings in Georgia, beginning October 20, 1737 1742 (rare).
  173. ^ George Stephenson (1781–1848), inventor and founder of railways: son of a fireman at Wylaui, near Newcastle; employed in father's colliery; engine-man at Williugton Ballast Hill, 1802; removed to Killiugworth, 1804, and Montrose, 1807: returned to Killingworth, 1808, becoming engine- wright to the colliery, 1812; designed safety lamps, 1816, simultaneously with Sir Humphry Davy ; presented with testimonial and l.OOO., 1818; his first locomotive tried successfully, 1814; his engine with steam blast patented, 1815; railroad laid down under his direction for Hetton colliery, 1819-23; engineer of Stockton and Darlington railway (opened 1825); made survey for proposed Manchester and Liverpool line, 1824 (opened, 1830); appointed engineer, 1826; won prize for engine with 1 The Rocket having tubular boiler, 1829; chief engineer to line connecting Birmingham with Manchester and Liverpool, begun, 1833, lines between northern towns, 1836, Derby- Leeds railway, 1837; increased speed to twentynine miles an hour by application of Gurney's steam-jet; vice-president, mechanical science section, British Association, 1888; tried to check railway mania of 1844; overcame supporters of atmospheric railways, 1845; first president, Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 1847; visited Belgium and Spain; knighted by Leopold 1, 1835; refused British honours; memorial hall opened at Ches terfield, where he died, 1879.
  174. ^ Henry Palfrey Stephenson (1826-1 890), gas engineer: student at engineering college, Putney; founded Putney Club; M.I.C.E., 1864.
  175. ^ James Stephenson (1808–1886), engraver; practised in Manchester, l*M-r. t-nwrav.iuMI-IMIHTcard for Anti-Cornlaw League and portraits of Lancashire celebrities; exhibited at Royal Academy from 1856.
  176. ^ Robert Stephenson (1803–1859), civilengineer; son of George Stepheneon fq. v.l; appr. Edinburgh University, 1822; employed in Newcastle locomotive factory. 1823; superintended mines In Columbia, 1824-7; took important part in constructing The Rocket and devising Improvement*, 1827-33; constructed London and Birmingham line, 1833-8: built high-level bridge, Newcastle, and Victoria bridge, Berwick, Menu girder bridge (opened, 1850), Victoria bridge, Montreal (1859); awarded gold medal at French conservative M.P., Wbltby, 1847-69 -.president, InMltntion of Civil Engineers, 18*6-7; F.ltk, 1849; D.O.L. Oxford, 1857; received Belgian and Norwegian orders; buried in Westminster Abbey.
  177. ^ Samuel Martin Stephenson (1742-1833), Irish presbyterian divine and physician; ordained minister 1776: physician in Belfast, 1785; fever specialist and founder of dispensary, 1792, and fever hospital, 1797: bis name replaced ou ministerial roll by Ulster synod, 1818: published theological and Irish topographical works.
  178. ^ Thomas Stephenson (1552–1824), Jesuit; Juried for high treason and imprisoned in Tower of London, 1684-5; novice at BrUnn, 1585, spiritual coadjutor, 1597; Hebrew and Greek professor at Prague and OlmUtz; secretary to Robert Parsons (1546-1610) at Home; iurain English miiouer, 1605-20; published religious work*, died at Watteu, liv.
  179. ^ Catherine Stepney , LADT(. 1845), novelist ; nte I'ollok; married Sir Thomas Stepney, baronet. 1K13; her first book published, 1806, last, 1841.
  180. ^ George Stepney (1663–1707), diplomatist and poet; friend at Westminster of Charles Montagu (afterwards Earl of Halifax) fa. v.; major fellow. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1687; M.A., 1689; envoy to Brandenburg, 1692, 169S, to the emperor, 1693, Saxony, 1696, to German princes and Frankfort congress, 1696-7; commissioner of trade, 1697-1707; envoy to Vienna, 1702-6, to the Hague, 1 706; buried in Westminster Abbey. He contributed to Dryden's Miscellany Poems and translation of Juvenal a political tract by him (1701) La Somers collection.
  181. ^ Sterling Sm ANTHONY CONINGHAM (1805–1871), author ofStory of the Highland Brigade in the Crimea (published, 1895, founded ou Letters... by a Staff Officer 1857); brother of John Sterling; ensign, 1826; brigade-major and assistimt-adjutautgeneral to highland division in Crimea, 1864-6; colonel, 1857; military secretary to Colin Campbell in India, 1858-9: accused by him of suppressing Colonel Pukenham's name in recommendations for K.O.B.; K.C.B., 1800.
  182. ^ Edward Sterling (1773–1847), journalist; of Trinity College, Dublin, and Irish bar; volunteer during Irish rebellion, 1798. Usual pamphlet Military Reform 1811; correspondent of The Times 1811-15, member of staff, 1815-40.
  183. ^ James Sterling (fl. 1718–1755) playwright; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1733; his Parricide (1736) acted at Goodman's Fields, London, 1736; published Poetical Works 1734; migrated to Maryland, c. 1740, as preacher.
  184. ^ John Sterling (1806–1844), author; son of Edward Sterling: of Trinity College, then of Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1824-7; an apostle and speaker at the union; through his tutor, Julius Charles Hare , came to know Coleridge and Wordsworth: friend of Frederick Denison Maurice and Richard Chenevix Trench; with Maurice conducted the Athenaxun July to December 1828: meditated accompanying volunteer expedition against Ferdinand VII of Spain, bat stayed behind to marry, 1830; manager of sugar estate in St. Vincent, 1831-2: curate of J. C. Hare at Hu wood's Magaxlne 18J7-8, and Review *; Sterling  :-, I,-:,. tM. 18S9; reviewed September 1842; Charles Hare, 1848 biography, 1861.
  185. ^ Henry Aaron Stern (1820-1886), missionary to Jews; born in Hem-Cutd, and educated at Frank -i Hebrew college of London JewsSociety, -.onary to Jews and Moslem* in Aaia Minor and Persia, 1844-63; ordained deacon (at Jerusalem). 1844, priest (in London X 1849; mUaionary at OoneUntinople, 1853- 6; after other missionary Journey* went to Abyssinia, 1869; imprisoned and tortured by Kin* Theodore, 1861-7: liberated, 1868; D.D.Canterbury; 1881; work* include two books on Abyssinia (1862 and 1868).
  186. ^ John Sterne or Stearne (1624–1669), founder of Irish College of Physician*: related to (Archbishop) James Usher; scholar. Trinity College, Dublin, 1641, fellow, 1643; studied medicine at SidneySuseex College, Cambridge, 1643-9, and at Oxford; first Hebrew lecturer at Dublin University, 1656; M.D., 16 professor of law and senior fellow, 160; professor of medicine, 1662; physician in Dublin; Trinity Hall constituted as College of Physicians, with him as president, 1680, and incorporated, 1667; his works chiefly theological.
  187. ^ John Sterne or Stearne (1 MO- 174 6), ' bishop of Clogher; m of John Sterne or Stearue (1624-1669) fa. v.; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1681. 1: dean of St. Patrick, Dublin. 1702-12; intimate with Swift, who obtained for him we of Drotnore, 1713: translated to Clogher, 1717; vice-chancellor, Dublin University, 1721: gave money to erect printing-house, 1726; founded exhibitions HI Trinity College, Dublin; bequeathed aUo books and valuable manuscript*; hisTractates de VisiUtione Inflrmorum(1697) translated asThe Curate's Manual 1M".
  188. ^ Laurence Sterne (1713–1768), humorist and sentimentalist; great-grandson of Richard Sterne; born at Clonmel; the sou of a subaltern in the army; after some yearswandering spent eight years at school in Halifax; left penniless; sent to Cambridge by a cousin (Richard): sizar, Jesus College, 1733, exhibitioner, 1734: matriculated, 1736; intimate with John Hall-Stevenson ; M.A., 1740; curate of Buckden; became vicar of Sutton-iu-tbe-Forest, 1738, and prebendary of York, 1741, also obtaining a sinecure office; married Miss Lamley, 1741; first used epithet sentimental in letter, 1740; obtained, by wife's influence, Stillingtou, parish adjoining Sut ton, 1743, being also chaplain to fourth Earl of Aboyue; 1 in local private enclosure act*, 1766, 1766; dabbled In painting and music; joined in orgies of Demouiacks at Hall-Mcven-on house: showed affection for hU only child; troubled by his mother's demands for money: said to have let her die of nturvation; published, 1750, assize sermon, inserted inTristram Shandy satirised Yorkshire lawyer as Trim in sketch first published, 1769, asA Political Romance addressed to Esq. of York (rareX afterwards reprinted as History of a Warm Watch Coat; unfaithful to his wife, who became insane, 1768; beganTristram Shandy 1769; carried on flirtation with Mademoiselle Fourmantelle; vols. i. and ii. of his Tristram Shandy orbited at York by publisher of sermons, 1760; taken by Croft to London, where he was well received in society: second edition of bis Tristram and S-MIUHK of Mr. Yorick issued by Dodsley, 1760, the latter being commended by Gray; his Tristram Shandy * unpopular in Yorkshire on account of its recognisable portraits of local characters, such as Dr. John Burton (1710-1771) op; d -mm need by Dr., Richardson, Horace Walpole, Uoldnmith, and o moral and literary grounds: ineffectual attempt* made by Warburton to restrain his obscenity: many pamphlet* issued against him, 1760-1; received perpetual curacy of Cox wold, 1760; called bouse at Cbxwold (which now baa tablet) Shandy Hall; visited London to superintend publication of vols. lit and Iv. of Trirtram 1761: preached at Foundling Hospital, London; vols. v. ami vi. of Tristram dedicated to Lord Spencer, lasoed for him by Becket, December 1761; went abroad for his health, January 1762; well received in I'ars.-iloiis; entertained by Fox at St. (.iermain; joined by wife and daughter; lived at Toulouse, and, till February 1764, in the south of France; left wife and daughter behind at Montauban, by their wish; spent April-May 1764 in Paris, seeing much of Wilkes and preaching at English ambassador's chapel; published books vii. and viii. of Tristram 1765: painted by Gainsborough at Bath, 1765; began seven monthstour described in Sentimental Journey October 1765; went by Paris, Lyons, and Savoy to Italy; well received at Rome, where he met Smollett Smelfungus; in Naples, February 1766; in Yorkshire again, June 1766; issued book ix. ofTristram Shandy with dedication to Chatham, containing sentence supposed to have suggested Burns's lines about theguinea stamp 1767; also published vols. iii. and iv. 6fSermons Voltaire being among the subscribers: during visit to London, December 1766 to May 1767, met, at house of Sir William James, Mrs. Eliza Draper; kept journal addressed to her The Bnimine's Journal manuscript in British MnseumX April to August 1767, after her departure for India; after two monthsvisit from wife and daughter at Cox wold, arranged permanent separation: parted reluctantly with daughter; hisSentimental Journey issued, 1768: died of pleurisy in Old Bond Street lodgings, London; buried in St. George's cemetery, Bays water Road, London; body said to have been resurrected ami sold to Charleg Gollignon, the skeleton being long preserved at Cambridge; inscription on stone at St. George's erected bytwo brother masonsinaccurate; left no will, and died insolvent; wife and daughter relieved through subscriptions collected by Hall-Stevenson and Mrs. Draper, and by publication (1769) of three more volumes of sermons; publication of his letters to Mr.?. Draper threatened by widow In default of blackmail; his letters published by his daughter (Madame Medalle), 1775; publication of Letters of Yorick to Eliza ( 1766-7) authorised by Mrs. Draper, 1775. The Letters from Eliza to Yorick 1775, andLetters supposed to have been written by Yorick and Eliza 1779, are forgeries. Among fraudulent imitations of his writings were John Carr's third volume ofTristram Shandy 1760, J. HallStevenson's continuation of theSentimental Journey 17G9, and Richard Griffith's Posthumous Works of a late celebrated Genius 1770(included in first collected edition). His works contain many literary thefts, and the general scheme ofTristramclosely resembles that of John Dunstan'sA Voyage round the World... the rare adventures of Don Kainophilus(1720?). But his style is original, and his characters are of the first class. First collective edition ofTristram Shandypublished, 1767, last, 1779;Sermons of Mr. Yorick first reissued collectively, 1775, last, 1787;Sentimental Journeyreissued with plates, 1792; first collective edition of complete works (without letters) published, 1779 (Dublin): best early edition (with letters and Hogarth's plates) published, 1780; Dr. J. P. Browne's (containing much newly recovered correspondence), 1873.TheSentimental Journey has been often translated.
  189. ^ Richard Sterne (1596?–1683), archbishop of York; scholar, Trinity College, Cambridge, 1614, M.A., SXJHfc!? (*ford, 1627); fellow, Beiiet (Corpus Chnsti) College, 1620; master of Jesus College, Cambridge, 1634 (deprived, 1644); chaplain to Laud, c. 1633; rector of Yelverton and Harleton, 1634-44; D.D., 1635arrested for royalism at Cambridge and imprisoned 16421645; allowed to attend Laud in Tower of London 1645; bishop of Carlisle, 1660-4; said to have been a reviser of prayer-book, 1662; archbishop of York, 1664-83; founded scholarships at Jesus and Corpus Christi Colleges Cuii.Sri.lire; assisted Brian Walton with Polyglott! and publishedSumma Logics 185: Whole Duty of dan, ascribed to him among others, probably by Richard Allestree
  190. ^ Thomas Sternhold (c. 1549), joint versifier of tl.- RntaM with John Hopkins (d. 1570) fa. v.; according to Wood, of Christ Church, Oxford groom of the robeg to Henry VIII, 1638, receiving legacy from him! probably M.P., Plymouth, 1645-7; nineteen psalms by Lium-lf only (in metre ofChevy Chase contained in st Miition of Psalms (undated, dedicated to Eda VI); geven added in second edition (1549), and three in edition of 1561; forty in complete collections.
  191. ^ Nathaniel Sterry (d. 1698), dean of Bocking; fellow of Merton College, Oxford, 1649; B.A. Cambridge. 1G4K: D.D. Oxford, 1675; dean of Bocking, 1674-98.
  192. ^ Peter Sterry (d. 1672), Cromwell's chaplain; brother of Nathaniel Sterry; fellow of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1636; M.A., 1637; member of Westminster Assembly; Cambridge platonist; preacher to council of state, 1649; after Restoration held conventicle satirised in Hudibras; chief work, Discourse of the Freedom of the Will (posthumous), 1675.
  193. ^ Sir Henry Seton Steuart, first baronet (1759–1836), of Allanton; agriculturist; claimed for his family ancestry of the Stewarts of Lennox, Durnley, and Castlemilk, 1799; served in the army, 1778-87; advocated canal from Lancashire coalfields to Edinburgh, 1801- edited Sallust, 1806; LL.D. (Edinburgh) and F.R.S.E.: his system of transplantation adopted by Sir Walter Scott at Abbotsford; his Planter's Guide 1828 (reissued, 1848) reviewed by Sir Walter Scott andChristopher North created baronet, 1814.
  194. ^ Sir James Steuart or Stewart (1635–1715), lord-advocate; barrister, 1661; outlawed as contriver of Argyll's rebellion, 1685; pardoned by William of Orange; as lord-advocate of Scotland, 1692-1709, introduced legal reforms. i iv. 2 27
  195. ^ Sir James Steuart , the elder (afterwards Denham) (1712–1780).
  196. ^ Sir James Steuart (formerly Denham), the younger (1744-1839).
  197. ^ Reginald Macdonald Steuart-Seton (1778-1838), sheriff of Stirlingshire and friend of Scott originally Macdonald of Staffa, son-in-law of Sir Henry Seton Stctiart
  198. ^ Alfred Stevens (1818–1875), artist ; son of a house-painter; enabled to study art in Italy, 1833-42, by private liberality; employed by Thorwaldsen at Rome 1841-2; teacher in school of design, London, 1846-7employed by Hoole & Co. of Sheffield; gained first prize for designs in metal- work at exhibition of 1851; executed Wellington monument at St. Paul's Cathedral (unfinished) designed vases and lions at British Museum.
  199. ^ Francis Stevens (1781–1823), landscape-painter; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1804-5, 1819, and 1822; member of Water-colour Society, 1809.
  200. ^ George Alexander Stevens (1710–1784), author of A Lecture upon Heads; wrote The History of Tom Fool (1760), and various other pieces: his lectures first given in the Haymarket, London, 1764, and afterwards in the country and in America; his Lecture on Heads published spuriously, 1770; sold to Charles Lee Lewes, 1774 (first authentic edition, 1785); published Songs, Comic and Satyrical (cuts by Bewick), 1772; sole dramatic success, The Trip to Portsmouth (acted, 1773). llv. 2291
  201. ^ John Stevens or Stephens (d. 1726), translator and antiquary; said to have served in James II's army iii Ireland; described in his books asCaptain; translated Bteda'sEcclesiastical History, 1 and Portuguese, Spanish (including Quevedo'sPablo de SegoviaX and French works; published also translation and abridgment of Dugdale's Monasticou 1718 (continuation, 1722).
  202. ^ Richard John Samuel Stevens (1757–1837), musician; friend of Samuel Birch (1757-1841); organist at Temple Church, London, 1786, at Charterhouse, London, 1796-1837; Gresham professor of music, 1801-37; edited collection of sacred music, 1802; composed glees, sonatas, and songs.
  203. ^ William Stevens (1732–1807), biographer and editor of William Jones of Nayland, 1801; published posthumous sermons of his cousin, bishop George Home; hisEssay(1799) against relaxation of subscription to Thirty-nine Articles thrice reissued; joined William Jones in foundingSociety for the Reformation of PrinciplesNobody's Friends(club) founded in his honour, c. 1800, originating from pseudonym used by him in pamphlet; treasurer, Queen Anne's Bounty.
  204. ^ William Bagshaw Stevens (1760–1800). I*-t:.i.-ruy of Magdalen College, 17-jj I; M.A., i77:. D.H., i; 177H IHOO: rhaplain to, v.l: in ciiiiiiM-ntof ec km-ton and Kiugsuury, 17TO; publishedIkh -III.. 177.'.. 1 ' . tM'M M C.S.
  205. ^ Loud Stevenson (1640?-1718). See Sir Robert Sinclair
  206. ^ Alan Stevenson (1807–1865), clrll sou of llobert Stevenson; M.A. aud Fellowei man. Edinburgh University. 1828; M.I.C.E.. 1830: F.R.S.M.. 1838; hon. LL.D. Glasgow, 1840; engl tt.sh lighthouse .... , m n, from 1848: derigned ti-n lighthouses, including Skerryvore lighthouse tower (finished, 1843), Introducing prismatic rings; bisAccount of the Skerryvore Lighthouse(1848) expanded hi to Rudimentary Treatiseon lighthouses, 1850.
  207. ^ David Stevenson (1815–1886), civil engineer : son of Robert Stevenson  : educated at Edinburgh ; managing partner of Stevensou engineering firm; reported on and executed worki for Improvement of :..,,- tenortbsn fcsjhuri iod Scotland: kLLOA, 1844. member of the council, 1877-83; vice-president. Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1873-7; engineer to northern lighthouse board, 1853: constructed numerous- beacons and lighthouses: devisedaseismatic arrangement* for thorn Japan; introduced use of paraffin in lighthouses, 1870; president. Royal Scottish Society of Arts. 186'J: works includeApplication of Marine Surveying and Hydrometry to Practice of Civil Engineering 1842, ami -I. if o Robert Stevenson 1878.
  208. ^ George Stevenson (1799–1856), Australian journalist and agriculturist; in Canada, Central America, and West Indies, 1820-30: edited theGlobe(London), 1835-6; private secretary to first governor of South Australia and first clerk of legislative council, 1836-8; establishedSonth Australian Gazette 1836; conducted 'South Australian Register 1840-2,South Australian Gazette 1845-51; made agricultural experiments, aud established vineyards; in Victoria diggings, 1851-3; assisted Lord Dulling in book on France, 1834; died coroner of Adelaide.
  209. ^ George John Stevenson (1818–1888), hymnologist and author: head-master of Lambeth Green parochial school, London, 1848-56; editedWesleyan Times 1861-7, andUnion Review 1882; published 'Methodist Hymn Book and its Associations 1869 (enlarged, 1883), and religious biographies.
  210. ^ John Stevenson (1778–1846?X ophthalmic surgeon; studied at St. Thomas's and Guy's hospitals, London; M.R.O.S., 1807: founded Hoyal Infirmary for Cataract, Little Portland Street, London, 1830; oculist aud aurist to William IV and Leopold I, king of the Belgians; published medical works.
  211. ^ Sir John Andrew Stevenson (1760?-18S3X musical composer; chorister anil afterwards vicar-choral at St. Patrick's and Christ Church. Dublin; created Mus.Doc. Dublin, 1791; knighted, 1803: best known by symphonies and accompaniments to Moore's Irish melodies.
  212. ^ John Hall Stevenson -, originally JOHX HALL (1718-1785), friend of Laurence Sterne: met Sterne at Jesus College, Cambridge; assumed wife's surname, c. 1738; inherited Skelton Castle Crazy CastleX Yorkshire, from maternal aunt; formalclub of demoniacks and entertained Sterne there; acquainted with Wilkes and Horace Walpole, and claimed friendship of Rouraeau; the Eugenius of Sterne's works; imitatedTristram Shandy and wrote continuation of Sentimental Journey 1769; published pamphlets in verse; his chi 'Crazy Tales 1762, reprinted privately, 1894; works collected, 1796.
  213. ^ Joseph Stevenson (1806–1895), historian and archivist; educated at Durham School and Glasgow University; entered manuscript department, British Museum, 1831; sub-commissioner of public records, 1834-9; librarian  !.:::. .,.-.: !...-.,:, gestor of Rolls series, 18M; 1841: hon. MJL Our:. -,. priest, 1872: professed of three TOWS as Jesuit, 188ft; received civil list pensloi 1872; examined for i and transcribed "from Vatican archive*; boo Andrews, 188; edited works for Rolls sWies, various ar ;:.; ".,,": 1l.-viL); published books en Wydlf (iSJj JX Md otbw historical woVks,
  214. ^ Matthew Of. 16f4-16e*X nlnor poet; works Include "The Twelve Monetbs 1661, and Floras Britannicus 1662.
  215. ^ Robert Stevenson (1 772-1 850X civil engineer: studied at Andemmian Institute. Glasgow, ami burgh: engineer to Scottish lighthouse board; lMlll1 ostructed twenty lighthouse*, inventing Intermit. ,,i Saab Hi;..- - i befai Bsfl Boat Low I.. L809.t:i,.-...,,.:,::..;., U,.,-:.,,.........:..,.i  !,,:-. with specially invented implements; his bust placed in it; designed many bridges, including Hutchison bridge; suggested modern rails; invented bydropbore; designed eastern road approaches to Edinburgh: M.I.C.&. Itt8; F.R.S.K.: wroteAccount of the Bell Rook Lighthouse 1824, technical articles, and scientific papers.
  216. ^ Robert Alan Mowbray Stevenson (1847–1900), painter and art critic; son of Alan Stevenson q. v.l; cousin of Robert Louis Sterencon q. v.l; M.A. Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, 1882; studied art in Edinburgh. Antwerp, aud Paris: professor of fine arts at University College, Liverpool, 1880-93: art critic to the Pall Mall Gazette 1893 till death. His publications include , t.r Paul Rubens 1898,The Art of VehwqueK 1895, and Velasquez 1899.
  217. ^ Robert Louis Stevenson (1840–1894), sntbor and traveller; son of Thomas Stevenson q. v.l; born in Edinburgh; entered student at Edinburgh University, 1867: pupil of Fleming Jenkin; silver medallist, Edinburgh Society of Arts, for paper on lighthouse improvements, 1871; abandoned engineering for law; was admitted advocate, 1875, but never practised: composed essay onPentland Rising of 1666* in sixteenth year (printed, 1866); contributed toEdinburgh University Magazine 1871, to Portfolio 1873; went on canoe tour in France and Belgium, 1876 (described in the Inland Voyage 1878): in Paris and Cevennes country, 1878; contributed to -Conihlli;Temple Bar andLondon 1876 1878; travelled to California by emigrant ship and train, 1879; though very ill wrote stories and essays; married Mrs. Osbourne, 1880: returned home with her, 1880, after stay at Oallstoga (described inSilverado Squatters 1883); unsuccessful candidate for Edinburgh chair of history and constitutional law, 1881; lived in Scotland, but wintered in Switzerland and France, 1880-3: settled at Bournemouth, 1884; collaborated witii Mr.. K. Henley in Beau Austin Robert Macaire and Admiral Guinea(plays); established position as author with 'Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde 1886, and 'Kidnapped 1886; went to America, 1887; set out on South Sea voyage, June 1888; stayed at Honolulu, visiting leper settlement at Molokai, 1889; fint lived in Samoa. 1889-90, where be boughtVaillmaproperty: settled there, November 1890: wrote vindication of Father Damieu at Sydney, 1890; in Samoa temporarily recovered health: corresponded with men of letters in England: obtained removal of white officials from Samoa, and wroteA Footnote to History 1893: died suddenly from ruptnre of a blood-vessel of tins brain, and was buried in spot selected by himself on Mount Vaea. His works include Travels with a Donkey in the Cevennes 1879. Virginibu* PueriSQue 1881.Treasure Island andNew Arabian Nlghta? 882, Prince OttoandChUd'sOarden of Verse* 1886,UndeioodsandMemories and PortnuU 1887. theMarterof Ballantime 1889,Across the Plains 189*. 'Csrtriona 1893. -The Wrecker 1892, andTh* EbbTide with Lloyd Osbourne, 1894, and the posthumous Vailima Letters 1895. Weir of Hermiston* 'Vailima Letters 1895.Weir of Hermiston (fragment nil best work), 1897, andSt. Ives* (unfinished), 1897. The SMM ftttebWifc rfWo.,.-,; I, LW...omtAlns renrints from periodicals, and an nnprinted contains repriuto from periodicals, fragment of family history.
  218. ^ Seth William Stevenson (1781-1853), antiquary; son of William Stevenson (1741-1821); proprietor and editor of Norfolk Chronicle; mayor of -;_ K.S.A.. 1827; his Dictionary of Roman Coins(completed by Frederic William Madden) published, 1889.
  219. ^ Thomas Stevenson (1818–1887), engineer and meteorologist; son of Robert Stevenson; educated at Edinburgh; joint-engineer to board of northern lighthouses, 1853-85; continued experiments of Alan Stevenson in lighthouse illumination; invented and perfectedazirautbal condensing system president, Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1885; president, Royal Scottish Society of Arts, 1859-60; M.I.O.E., 1864; honorary secretary, Scottish Meteorological Society, 1871; designed ( 1864) Stevenson screen for thermometers, and made other original contributions to meteorology; wrote on lighthouse illumination and harbour construction,
  220. ^ William Stevenson (1719?–1783), physician; M.D. Edinburgh; served in army; practised at Coleraine, Wells (Somerset), Bath, uud Newark; Jacobite; opposed bleedings and prevalent use of drugs; published medical
  221. ^ William Stevenson (1741–1821), proprietor of Norfolk Chronicle and publisher; edited Campbell's Lives of British Admirals
  222. ^ William Stevenson (1772–1829), keeper of treasury records; nonconformist minister, classical tutor, Manchester Academy; farmer; editor of Scots Magazine c. 1797; keeper of the records in the treasury, 1806-29; published agricultural and other works, compiled Annual Register and contributed to Edinburgh Review and other periodicals.
  223. ^ Stevenson W. B. (fl. 1803–1825), author of A Historical and Descriptive Narrative of twenty years residence in South America(1825); imprisoned by Spanish at Concepcion, Callao, and Lima; joined revolutionists at Quito; governor of the Esmeraldas, 1810; secretary to Lord Oochraue, 1818.
  224. ^ William Fleming Stevenson (1832–1886), Irish presbyterian divine; M.A. Glasgow, 1851; hon. D.D. Edinburgh, 1881; studied also in Germany; town missionary in Belfast, 1857; minister of Rathgar, Dublin, 1860-86; convener of Irish General Assembly's foreign missions, 1873; made missionary tour round the world, 1877; professor of evangelistic theology, New College, Edinburgh, 1879-80; moderator of general assembly, 1881; chaplain to viceroy of Ireland, 1886; published Praying and Working 1862.
  225. ^ Richard Steward or Stewart (1593?–1651), dean designate of St. Paul's Cathedral and Westminster; of Westminster and Magdalen Hall, Oxford; M.A., 1615, D.C.L., 1624; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1613; canon of Salisbury; clerk of the closet to Charles I, 1633; dean of Chichester, 1635; provost of Eton, 1639-43; dean of the Chapel Royal, 1643; dean designate of St. Paul's, London, 1641, of Westminster, 1645; deprived by parliament; defended episcopacy at Uxbridge conference 1645; ecclesiastical adviser to Charles II; published theological works; died in Paris.
  226. ^ Robert the Steward (1316–1390).
  227. ^ Robert Steward, Styward, or Wells (d. 1557), first dean of Ely; M.A. Cambridge, 1520; prior of Ely, 1522; maintained validity of Henry VIII's marriage with Catherine of Arragon, 1529, but afterwards carried out royal policy; surrendered Ely monastery, 1559, receiving pensions; dean of Ely, 1541-57; continued Historia Eliensis from 1486 to 1554.
  228. ^ Sir Simeon Steward (d. 1629?), poet ; related to , Robert Steward; of Trinity Hall, Cambridge; knighted, 1603; M.P., Shaftesbury, 1614, Aldeburgh, 1627; hisFairy King(1635) reprinted, 1656, and later I by Bliss, 1813, and Mr. A. E. Wait*, 1888 Elfin Music).
  229. ^ Thomas Steward (1669?-1753), preLbyterian divine; minister at Debenham, 1689-1706, Cook Street, Dublin. 1706-24, Bury St. Edmunds, 1724-53; hon. D.D. Aberdeen, 1733; correspondent of Francis Hutcheson (1694-1746) and Philip Doddridge
  230. ^ Thomas Stewardson (1781–1859), portrnitpainter; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1804-29; among his sitters Canning, Lord Liverpool, and Grote, liv. 2621
  231. ^ Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan and Lord of Badenoch(1343?–1405?), 'the Wolf of Badenoch; son of Robert II of Scotland by Elizabeth Mure: granted Badenoch, 1371; king's lieutenant north of j Forth, 1372; became Earl of Buchan and acquired !;.by marriage, c. 1382; censured for deserting wife by bishops of Moray and Ross, 1389; in revenge burnt Fonvand Elgin, 1390; his tomb in church of Dunkeld.
  232. ^ Alexander Stewart, Earl of Mar (1375?1435), natural son of Alexander Stewart, the Wolf of Badenoch; having previously instigated the murder of her husband, besieged at Kildrummy Isabel (d. 1408), countess of Mar, and heiress of the Douglas estates, 1404; compelled her to make him his heir and to marry him; ambassador to England, 1406-7; helped to restore John of Burgundy at Liege, 1408; defeated Lord of the Isles at Harlaw, 1411; conservator of truce with England and warden of the marches, 1424; though adherent of Albany not disgraced by James I.
  233. ^ Alexander Stewart, Duke of Albany and Earl of March (1454?–1485), second son of James II of Scotland; earl of March and lord of Auuandale, 1455: duke of Albany before 1458; captured by English ship on way to Guelderland, but released, 1454; high admiral of Scotland and warden of the marches; lieutenant of Scotland, 1472; fortified Dunbar against royal forces and was imprisoned at Edinburgh, 1479; escaped to Paris; well received by Louis XI; married (second wife) Anne de la Tour d'Auvergne, 1480; concluded with Edward IV treaty of Fotheringay, 1482, agreeing to rule Scotland as his vassal; returned to Scotland with English army, but agreed to be faithful to James III if restored to his estates, 1482; made truce with English, surrendering Berwick; created earl of Mar and Gairloch, and reconciled to James III; attempted to seize James Ill's person, 1482; made new treaty with Edward IV, 1483, agreeing to help in conquest of France; after death of Edward IV indicted and outlawed, 1483; fled to England; with Douglas made raid on Lochmaben; accidentally killed in France.
  234. ^ Alexander Stewart (1493?-1513), archbishop of St. Andrews; natural son of James IV; appointed archbishop in boyhood; visited the Netherlands and France, c. 1506; studied under Erasmus at Padua, 1508; praised in Erasmus'sAdagia lord chancellor of Scotland, c, 1510; co-founder of college of St. Leonard's, St. Andrews, 1512; killed at Floddeu..
  235. ^ Alexander Stewart, fifth Earl of Moray (d. 1701), Scottish statesman; justice- general, 1674; a lord of the treasury, 1678; extraordinary lord of session. 1680; secretary of state, 1680-8; active in repressing covenanters; high commissioner to Scottish parliament, 1686; K.T., 1687; deprived at revolution.
  236. ^ Alexander Stewart , fifth LORD BLANTYRE (d. 1704), raised regiment for William III, and received pension; seceder from convention, 1702; took seat in Scottish parliament, 1703.
  237. ^ Alexander Stewart (d. 1795), of Invernahyle, Jacobite;outwith Stewarts of Appiu, 1716 and 1745; distinguished at Prestonpans, 1745; wounded at Culloden, 1746; pardoned under act of indemnity; introduced Sir Walter Scott to the highlands, 1787.
  238. ^ Alexander Patrick Stewart (1813–1883), physician; M.D.Glasgow, 1838; physician, Middlesex Hospital, 1855-66; F.R.O.P., 1855; active member of British Medical Association; his paper differentiating typhus from typhoid fever (Parisian Medical Society, 1840) reprinted, 1884.
  239. ^ Andrew Stewart , first BARON AVANDALK or
  240. ^ Avondale (d. 1488), chancellor of Scotland ; grandson of Murdac Stewart, second dukeof Alb.any; knighted, and probably educated in England; member of general council at Stirling, 1440; in household of Jama II; .aucellor of Scotland, Orkney and Sbetl.i; Dciiinark: !.._,.! Allunv's castle at Dunbar, 1479; deserted James III at Lander. 1 S2; lu-lped to effect -; Hmbawador to France, 1484.
  241. ^ Andrew Stewart , second BARON OCHILTREE (.f. 1548-1598), a lord of the congregation, ISM bond for expulsion of French from Scotland, and subBcribed book of discipline. 1560: act-ompanial Holyrood, isr.3: joined Moray's rising against Darnley'i marriage, 1568, and the conspiracy againat wounded by Henries at Langside, 1668; n. ton's privy council, 1578; attempted mediation between Huntly and Moray (second earlX 1692; ufti-r Hmitly 1 * treachery tried to attack him in the highland*, i.ut liild to retire to England, 1594; panloned by James VI, 1595, on agreeing to abandon Bothwell; lieutenant on the . 15V)H.
  242. ^ Andrew Stewart (rf . 1671 Irish divine ; minister of Donaghadee, c. 1615; grouted government salary, 1664; helped to draw up Act of fiangor 1664; ejected, 1661; imprisoned on suspicion of complicity in Blood's plot, 1663; part of hisShort Accountof the Irish church printed by Dr. W. D. Killeu, 1866.
  243. ^ Anthony Stewart (1773–1846), miniature painter; executed earliest miniatures of Queen Victoria; exhibited at Royal Academy.
  244. ^ Stewart or STUART, LADY ARABELLA (1575-1615).
  245. ^ Stewart or STUART, ARCHIBALD .IAMF.S
  246. ^ Edward (1748–1827). See ARCHIBALD JAMES EDWARD DOUGLAS.
  247. ^ Balfour Stewart (1828–1887), physicist and meteorologist: assistant to Professor Forbes at Edinburgh, 1856; director of Kew Observatory, 1859-71; F.RS., 1862: secretary to government meteorological committee, 1867-9; professor of natural philosophy, Owens College, Manchester, 1870-87; a founder of Society for Psychical Research (president, 1885-7); president of Physical Society and of Manchester Literary and Philosophical society, 1887; Rumford medallist, 1868, for researches on radiant heat, which helped to lay foundation of spectrum analysis: demonstrated applicability of law of radiation to polarised rays of light, 1860; suggested variations in a primary electric current in the sun as cause of aurorte, magnetic storms, and earth currents 1860; investigated sun-spots: made calculations as to Other works include text-books on physics and work on sun-spots (with Warren de la Rue and Benjamin Loewy), 1865-8.
  248. ^ Bernard Stewart or BERADLT, third Seigneur d'Aubigny (1447?–1508).
  249. ^ Lord Bernard Stewart , titular EARL OF Lichfield (1623?-1645).
  250. ^ Charles Stewart , sixth DUKE OF LENNOX and third DUKE OF RICHMOND (1640-1672). See STUART.
  251. ^ Charles Stewart (1775 - 1812), lieutenantcolonel; lieutenant, 71st Highlanders, 1791; wounded at Seringapatam, 1792; lieutenant-colonel, 50th foot, 1805: commanded first battalion in Walcberen, 1809, and in the Peninsula, 1811-12; died at Coria. [liv. 276]
  252. ^ Charles Stewart (1764–1837), orientalist; served In Bengal army, 1781-1808; assistant-professor of Persian, Fort William College, Calcutta, 1800-6; mnfii i of Arabic, Persian, and Hindustani at Haileybury, 1807-27; edited and trauslated oriental works. [liv. 276]
  253. ^ Stewart or STUART, CHARLES EDWARD (1720-1788), the Young Pretender. [See CHARLES BDWARD Louis PHILIP CASIMIR.]
  254. ^ Charles James Stewart (1775–1837), bishop of Quebec; brother of Sir William Stewart (1774-1827) [q v.] ; B.A. Corpus Christ! College, Oxford, 1795 ; fellow of All Soles Collage Oxford, 1795; D.D. 1816; rector of Overton-Longueville Botolph Bridge, 1799-1807; S.P.G. missionary at Saint Armand, Misisquoi Bay Canada. 1807-17, Hatley, 1817-19; Bishop of Quebec, 1826-37; died London. [liv, 277]
  255. ^ Charles William Stewart (afterwards Vane), Charles William, third Marquis of Londonderry (1778-1854), half-brother Robert Stewart, Lord Castlereagh [q. v.] (second Marquis); entered army 1784; on Lord Moira's staff in the Netherlands, 1794-5; with the Austrians on Rhine and Upper Danube 1795-6; slightly injured by a wound; lieutenant-colonel, 5th dragoons, 1797, 18th light dragoons 1799; under-secretary in Ireland 1803-7; Irish M.P. Thomastown, 1798-1800, M.P. co. Derry, 1800; under-secretory for war, 1807-9; brigade under Sir John Moore, 1806; adjutant-general to Wellington, 1809-12; major-general, 1810; distinguished at Talavera and Fuentes d'Onoro; groom of the bed-chamber, 1812; K.B., 1813; British minister to Prussia, 1813; signed treaty with Prussia and Russia at Dresden; severely wounded at Kulm, 1813; Induced Benadotte to take active part for allies; created privy councillor, and Baron Stewart, 1814; ambassador at Vienna during congress, 1814; envoy at Troppau, 1820, Laybach, 1821, Verona, 1822; lord of the bedchamber, 1890-7; succeeded Castlereagh as marquis, 1822; took surname of Vane on second marriage, 1819; appointed to St. Petersburg embassy, 1835, but withdrew owing to parliamentary opposition; travelled in eastern and southern Europe; fought duel with Grattan's son, 1839; general, 1837; K.G. 1852 ; pall-bearer at Wellington's funeral; published narrative of Peninsular campaigns, 1828, of campaigns of 1813-14. 1830, travels, and 'Memoir and Correspondence of Viscount Castlereagh,' 1848-63. [liv 278]
  256. ^ David Stewart . DUKR OF ROTHESAY (137X71402), son of Robert III of Scotland; Earl of Carrick on father's accession; pacified northern Scotland, e. 1396; lieutenant of the kingdom and Duke of Rotheaay, 1399: married Elizabeth Douglas, 1399; defeated March and bis English allies at OockburnspHth: seised by Albany (his uncle) and Imprisoned at Falkland, 1402: *. have been starved to death.
  257. ^ David Stewart (1772–1829), major-general : of Garth; joined 42nd hu'hlaiiden, 1787; fought In Flanders, 1794, West Indies, 1795-7; captured on way to Minorca, 1798: severely wounded at Alexandria, 1801; wounded at Maida, 1806; lieutenant-colonel. West India rangers, 1808; at capture of Guadeloupe, 1810; C.B., 1815: majorgeneral, 1825; publishedSketches... of the Highlanders of Scotland; with Details of the Military Service of Highland Regiments 1822; died governor of St. Lucia.
  258. ^ Sir Donald Martin Stewart , first baronet (1824-1900), field-marshal; entered Bast India Company's service as ensign, 9th Bengal native Infantry, 1840: major (Bengal staff corps), 1866: general, 1881; fieldmarshal, 1894; served with distinction In Indian mutiny, 1857-8; brigadier-general in Abyssinian expedition, 18671868; C.B.. 1868; reorganised convict settlement in Andaman Islands, 1869; commander of Lahore division, 1876; commanded Quetta army in Afghan war, 1878-80; K.C.B., 1879; made celebrated march to Kabul, 1880: G.O.B. and created baronet, 1880: commander-in-cblef In India, 1880-6: member of council of India, 1886, till death; G.C.S.I., 1885; governor of Chelsea Hospital, 1895. fSuppl. HI. 367
  259. ^ Dugald Stewart (1753–1828;, philosopher: son of Matthew Stewart (1717-1785): educated at Edinburgh High School, and at Edinburgh and Glasgow universities: friend of Thomas Heid (1710-1796) fq. v. and (Sir) Archibald Alison; associated with bis ather in Edinburgh mathematical professorship, 1775; lectured for Adam Ferguson, 1778-9: Edinburgh professor of moral philosophy, 1785; gave up lectur 1809, but retained chair till after death (1820) of coadjutor, Thomas Brown (1778-1820); met ft at latrine, 1786; visited France in summers of 1788 and 1789; gave offence by sympathy with revolution: supported Sir John Leslie (1 766-1832 )q. vl, 1806; received sinecure from wblgs. 1806; accompanied Lords Lenderdale and Henry Petty to Paris, 18O6; monument erected to him upon Calton Hill. Edinburgh; Palmerston, RusteU, ud Luudoww (Locd Bsnrj;,. umoog hit. ipib.*d Scott among friends; while approximating to empirical school disavowal it* developments and retained intttitioni*m: uii.il.K- to study Kant. His works, collected by Sir William Hamilton, 1854-60 (11 vols.), include Klrrii-nt- of tin- Philosophy of the Human Mind (vols. i., 1792, ii., 1814, Hi., 1827), Outlines of Moral Philosophy 1793Lectures on Political Economy(delivered, 1801) ), and Account of Life and Writings of Thomas Reid 1802.
  260. ^ Esme Stewart ", sixth SKH;M:I i'. D'AUBIGXY and fin* IH-KK OK LKXXOX (1542 ?-1583).
  261. ^ Stewart or STUART, FRANCIS, fifth EARL OF BOTHWELL (d. 1624).
  262. ^ Frances Teresa Stewart , DUCHESS OF RICHMOND AND LENNOX (1647–1702).
  263. ^ Helen Stewart D'ARCY CRANSTOUN (1765–1838).
  264. ^ Henry Stewart , first BARON METHVEN ( 1495?1551 ?): supported Margaret, Queen-dowager of Scotland, in proclaiming James V, 1624; became James V's treasurer and chancellor, and Queen Margaret's favourite; married her after her divorce from Angus, 1528; imprisoned by Angus; created Baron Methven and master of the artillery by James V, 1528.
  265. ^ Stewart or STUART, HENRY, LORD DARNLEY (1545-1567), son of Matthew Stewart, fourth or twelfth earl of Lennox and Lady Margaret Douglas; skilful penman and lutenist and expert at physical exercises, but mentally and morally weak; sent by his mother to France with a view to marriage with Mary Stuart, 1560; with his mother confined in London by Qneeu Elizabeth, 1561, but released and received into favour, 1563; allowed to go to Scotland at Mary Stuart's request, 1565; created Duke of Albany and married to Mary Stuart, 1565, the marriage being without real affection on either side; opposed by Moray; was refused the crown matrimonial and ousted from political influence by David Riccio; his jealousy of Riccio used by the nobles to make him join their conspiracy, 1566; promised to establish protestantism in return for crown, matrimonial and right of succession; after death of Riccio betrayed nobles to Mary Stuart and helped her to escape to Dunbar, 1566; temporary reconciliation with Mary Stuart dissolved by discovery of boa plot: refused to attend baptism of James VI: only prevented by illness from leaving Scotland; induced by Mary Stuart to leave Glasgow for Edinburgh; murdered at Kirk oField.
  266. ^ Henry Stewart , DUKE OP GLOUCESTER (1639–1660).
  267. ^ Stewart or STUART, HENRY BENEDICT Clement Maria (1725–1807), styled by Jacobites Henry IX.
  268. ^ Sir Herbert Stewart (1843–1885), majorgeneral; ensign 1863; aide-de-camp to commander of Allahabad division, 1868-70; deputy-assistant quartermaster-general, Bengal, 1872-3, for conduct in cholera outbreak, 1870; entered staff college and Inner Temple, 1877; brigade-major of cavalry during Zulu war, 1879; military secretary to Wolseley and brevet lieutenantcolonel, 1880; as chief staff officer to Sir George Pomeroy Oolley captured at Majuba, 1881; assistant adjutant-general of cavalry in Egypt, 1882; secured Cairo after Tel-el-Kebir; C.B., brevet-colonel, and aide-decamp to Queen Victoria; K.C.B. for services in Suakim campaign, 1884; assistant adjutant and quartermasterKciK-ral, south-eastern district, 1884; in Lord Wolseley's (Jonlon relief expedition, 1884-5, commanded desert column to proceed to Metemmeh; repelled Arab attack at Abu Klea, but three days later was mortally wounded: promoted major-general before death; monuments at St. Paul's, London, and Winchester.
  269. ^ Sir Houston Stewart (1791–1875), admiral of the fleet; entered navy, 1805; in Walcheren expedition, 1809; Keith's signal-lieutenant in the Channel, 1812-13: flag-captain on Jamaica station, 1817-18; at reduction of Acre, 1840; C.B., 1840: controller- general of the coastguard, 1846-50; a lord of the admiralty, 1850-2; rearadmiral, 1851; commanded at reduction of Kinburn, Black Sea, 1855; commander-in-chief on North American aUUou, 1856-60, at Devonport, 18GO-3; G.C.B., 1865; admiral of the fleet, 187*.
  270. ^ James Stewart (d. 1309), high steward of Scotland, 1283-1309; a guardian of Scotland under Queen Margaret, 1286; partisan of Bruce: made treaty with France, 1295, but cann- to terms with Edward 1, l'J97: *ent to negotiate with Wallace before battle of Stirling, 1297; joined him afterwards; envoy to France, 1302; again submitted fc English, 1305, but recognised Brace, 1309.
  271. ^ James Stewart , DUKE OP Ross (1476?–1504), son of James III of Scotland: created duke, 1488; archbishop of St. Andrews, 1498: seen by Ariosto at Rome and eulogised in Orlando Furioso; chancellor of Scotland, 1502.
  272. ^ James Stewart , EARL OP MORAY (1499?–1544), natural son of James IV: granted earldom of Moray, 1501; accused (1517) Lord Home of slaying James IV after Flodden; a guardian of James V and lieutenantgeneral of French forces in Scotland, 1523; suppressed insurrection of the isles, 1531; warden of east and middle marches, 1532-6; commissioner for marriage of James V and Marie de Bourbon, 1535-6; specially hostile to England; partisan of Beaton; member of council of state, 1543; served against Hertford, 1544.
  273. ^ Lord James Stewart , EARL OP MAR, and afterwards of MORAY (1531 V - 1570), natural eon of James V; half-brother of Mary Queen of Scots; granted Tantallon, 1536, priory of St. Andrews, 1538; studied at St. Andrews, 1541-4; accompanied Mary Stuart to France, 1548; repelled English raid on Fife, 1549; visited France, 1550, 1552; legitimated, 1551; attended Kuox's teaching at laird of Dun's, 1555; signed invitation to him to return, 1557: fell ill after witnessing marriage of Mary Stuart to dauphin, 1557; at first supported regency of Mary of Guise; on discovery of her bad faith headed lords of the congregation, 1559; with Argyll drove French from Perth and attacked Scone; disavowed designs on the crown; procured suspension of the regent and negotiated with Queen Elizabeth for help against the French; concluded treaty at Berwick providing for expulsion of French, but safeguarding of Mary Stuart's sovereign rights, 1560; reoccnpied Edinburgh by English help, and concluded treaty confirming that of Berwick, 1560; deputed, 1561, by Scottish estates to sound Mary Stuart after death of Francis II, 1560; strongly dissuaded her from attempting to Romanise Scotland; won confidence of Queen Elizabeth by disclosing his conduct, but deprecated English attempts to prevent or intercept Mary Stuart's return to Scotland; opposed proposal to debar Mary Stuart in Scotland from the mass; privy councillor, 1561; privately granted earldom of Moray, but assumed title Earl of Mar, 1562; virtually home secretary; by expedition against Liddesdale prevented Bothwell's establishment in southern Scotland; formally created Earl of Moray after personal expedition of Mary Stuart against Huutly (holder of title), 1562; on Queen Elizabeth's refusal to recognise Mary as her successor, supported projected Spanish alliance of Mary, 1563; opposed the Darnley match; thenceforth estranged from Mary; attempted capture of Mary and Darnley before marriage, 1565; backed by Knox and Lennox's enemies, but not by bulk of protestauts; deceived by Queen Elizabeth; publicly disavowed and insulted by Queen Elizabeth, but granted asylum in England and privately received, 1565: after failure to procure Riccio's intercession joined plot against him; supported charge of infidelity against Mary and promised to acknowledge Daruley; returned after Riccio's assassination, 1566; affected to.favour Both well's pretensions and was nominally reconciled to Mary; tacitly sanctioned murder of Darnley, though probably not cognisant of Bothwell's plan; left Scotland for France immediately afterwards, 1567; returned on Mary Stuart's abdication at Lochleven: accepted the regency at her personal request, 1567, making great show of reluctance; promoted declaration of her privity to the Darnley murder; secured punishment of subordinates, but took no steps against principal in the crime; took rapid measures to defeat Mary after escape from Locbleven: secured his position as regent by formal sanction of Queen Elizabeth, though pretending approval of the Norfolk marriage scheme; voted against divorce from Bothwell, but after discovery of Norfolk's intrigues excused his apparent approval of them and made revelations; caused Maitlaud of Lethlngton to be accused of Darnley's murder, and imprisoned, 1569; captured and imprisoned Northumberland; proposal to Queen Elizabeth imprisonment of Mary Stuart, or Johanna in.-.-otliin.l, 15C9; assassinated at Linlithgow by James Hamilton (.. ir,G6-1880)oC BothweUhaugh; buned :it. i iil.-X Edinburgh; called the good regent riiv. 7
  274. ^ James Stewart or Stuart, the second Earl of Moray, 'the bonny earl'; assumed title In ru-i.t of his wife, daughter of the regent Moray, 1680: commissioner under acts against Spanish Armada, 1688, and the Jesuits, 1690; assisted laird of Grant against Huntly, 1690: induced to come south on promise of pardon; warrant granted to Huntly against him by James , queen-dowager of Bcouand, by the black knight of Lome: created Karl of Atboll, r. 1467: -.:....:. -.,. ,:;.,:..,-.....:, -.-,..,.,...,,( -.:,,:. 148S; on ri Jam. UTi (ODera!, 1488;.... pffaoosd !.. &m iv..- ifftsj smidS hvook
  275. ^ John Stewart , third (or eleventh) RAUL or Lxxxox (d. 1826), succeeded, lilt; Joined Arran's party and ariaed Dumbarton, 1618; helped to blockade Htirtlng. 1616: at first opponent, afterwards partisan of Albany; AMm'spwtT and "-- - - - -=L VI, who was said to be jealoui of his favonr with hl queen:.-lain by Huntly's men at DonlbrisUe, his motlier house having been burned; his corpse long nnburied; popular Indignation expressed In traditional ballad.
  276. ^ James Stewart , of Bothwellmuir, EARL of Arran (d. 1596), second son of Andrew Stewart, second baron Ochiltree; served states of Holland against Spanish; gentleman of king's chamber, 1880; on Lennox's  : cold Wool by Kir lv. SU behalf accused Morton of Darnley's murder, 1880; privy councillor, 1681; recognised as bead of the Hamilton* and granted earldom of Arran, being cousin of James Hamilton, third earl, now insane; forbidden the court for Insolence to Lennox, but temporarily reconciled with him; caused raid of Ruthven (1881) byintrusion of Robert Montpomerie (. 1609) into Glasgow bishopric; after James VI's escape from protestant lords obtained great influence over him, 1883; given custody of Stirling and Edinburgh castles and made chancellor, 1684: entered into relations with England: procured forfeitures of enemieslands and onler for kirk to acknowledge royal supremacy; provost of Edinburgh; his influence with Queen Elizabeth undermined by Patrick, master (afterwards sixth baron) Gray, 1688: imprisoned, outlawed, and (1686) banished; returned as Captain James Stewart; failed to regain Influence; murdemi by nephew of Morton.
  277. ^ James Stewart , fourth DUKE OF Lennox and first DUKK OF RICHMOND (1612-1686).
  278. ^ James Stewart (1791–1863), line-engraver; articled with Burnet to Robert Scott (1777-1841); (6; emigrated vi-ninw of Ju defeated near Linlithgow; flatn in James Hamilton (d. 1840) of Flnnart, Hi
  279. ^ John Stewart , Drat or ALBANY (14*1-1636). regent of Scotland; son of Alexander Stewart, duke of Albany; brought up in France: invited to Sootr land as regent and heir after Flodden, 1613, but remained in France till 1816 as Scottish ambassador; tutor mid governor of James V and kingdom, lilt; reduced 1 1 time Castle and detached Arran from the league again** him, 1616; bis dismissal from regency demanded by lli-nry VIII, 1616: caused Hume to be executed and I seized his estates; declared heir to the kingdom and of his father, 1616; went to France, 1617, taking hi and leaving French garrisons; negotiated treaty of with France against England, 1617; procured from Leo X confirmation of Scottish privileges, 1618; detained la France by secret agreement with England; his return much desired: during stay in Scotland, 1621-2, reconciled with Margaret, the queen-dowager, whom be helped to obtain divorce from Angus; charged with undue intimacy with her and designs against James V; formally accused by English herald, war with England following, 18M; invaded England with large army, which, however, ref ii-l to fight outside Scotland; after extending truce returned to France, 1622: came to Scotland with French troops and money, 1623; lost prestige by fruitless attack on Work and retreat, 1823; bis regency annulled on proclamation of James V, 1824: held command for Francis I of France in Italian campaign, 1828: obtained divorce ,, of Queen Margaret from Angus, 1627; as French envoy original member of Scottish Academy, 1826; emigrated, at l tome negotiated marriage of Henry, duke of Orkmns to Cape Colony, 1833; died there. liv. 31 (Henri IIX with Catherine deMedici, 1833; also con rerned in institution of courtof session and owme
  280. ^ (1688–1766), the Old Pretender.
  281. ^ John Stewart , third EARL or ATHOLL (d. 1642), Ross, 1416; led force to France to serve against English, j ingham; natural son of 1419; after victory of Beauge, 1421, created constable of France; took Norman fortresses; with his father-in-law, the fourth Earl of Douglas, brought reinforcements from Scotland, 1424; defeated and slain at Verueuil: buried at Tour* -1863), prior of V: legitimated, 1682: reckoned by Knox among protestants, but chiefly notable as courtier; favoured by Mary Queen of Scot*, (13667-1429), of Darnley,
  282. ^ Sir John Stewart first SEIGNEUR OF AUBIGNY.
  283. ^ John Stewart , EARL OF MAR (1487?–1479? youngest son of James II of Scotland: arrested at instance of Cochrane, James III's favourite; said to have been bled to death in Craigmillar Castle.
  284. ^ Stewart or STUART, SIR JOHN, LORD DARNLKY and first (ninth ?) EARL OF LENNOX of the Stewart line (d. 1496); grandson of Sir John Stuart of Darnley, wigneur d'Aubigny: claimed half of Lennox earldom, 1460: created lord ot parliament as Lord Darnley, c. 1461: governor of Rothesay, 1468: granted sasin of principal messuage and half lands of Lennox, but guaranteed life-rent to Baron Avondale, 1473; assumed title of earl: instrument in his favour revoked at instance of another claimant, 1476: joined conspiracy of 1482 against James III; made keeper of Dumbarton Castle, 1488, and allowed to sit in parliament as Lennox under usurpation; headed rising in favour of James IV; surprised and defeated at Tallymoss, 1488; submitted; ultimately obtained possession of Lennox earldom.
  285. ^ Sir John Stewart , of Balveny, first EARL OF ATHOLL of a new Stewart line (1UO?-1512), son of Jane
  286. ^ John Stewart , fourth EAHL OF ATHOLL (.. 1578), son of John Stewart, third earl of Atholl: supported Mary, queen-dowager; voted against Mary Stuart's firet council, 1861: associated with Maltland; favoured as catholic; won confidence of Lennox: leader of Roman catholic nobles after Huntly's fall: with Ricdo was Mary's chief counsellor after Darnley marriage; helped to suppress Moray's rising; granted Tantalum Castle; not connected with Riccio's or Darnley's murder; procured Maitland's return to court; one of the leaders against Mary Stuart at Carberry Hill: declared to have been witness of opening of casket letters: member of council of regency during Moray's absence; secretly favoured Mary's restoration after her escape from Loebleven; joined league against James VI's party after the regent Moray's assassination: neM convention at Atboll to support Mary, 1870; proceeded agalnrt as catholic by the kirk, but declared wish for conversion, 1874: x*ned Argyll against Morton and became chancdior, 1878:, reconciled with Morton by English mediation, 1878;dled suddenly under suspicion of poison.
  287. ^ Stewart sm JOHN, first EARL OF TRAQUAIR (d. 1689), lord high treasurer of Scotland; privy councillor, 1621; created Baron Stewart of Traqnalr, 16S8, Earl of Traquair, 1633; treasurer depute and extraordinary lord of session, 1630; said to have given casting vote against Balmerino at his trial, but afterwards obtained his pardon, 1634: treasurer of Scotland, 1636-41: assisted Charles I to introduce the liturgy, but advised cautious policy and moderation towards its opponents: conveyed arms and ammunition to Dulkeith, but had to surrender to covenanters, 1639; joined Charles I at York: king's commissioner to Edinburgh assembly, 1639; assented to abolition of episcopacy and signature of the covenant; distrusted by both parties; dismissed and condemned to death, 1641; sentence remitted at Charles I's instance; heavily fined, 1644; perhaps betrayed Montrow's plans to Leslie, 1645: readmitted to parliament, 1648- raised cavalry for theengagement taken at Preston, 1648; prisoner in England till 1654.
  288. ^ John Stewart , called JOHN ROY (1700–1762), Jacobite; lieutenant in Scots greys; resigned commission; Jacobite agent; fought in French army at Fonteuoy, 1745; commandedEdinburgh regiment 1745-6: favourite with Prince Charles Edward; escaped with him to France; died there. He was a noted Gaelic poet.
  289. ^ John Stewart (1749–1822), ' Walking Stewart ' ; refractory at Harrow and Charterhouse School; went to Iinlia, 1763; resigned East India writership, 1765; general under Hyder All; escaped wounded: prime minister of nabob of Arcot; travelled in Persia, Ethiopia, and Abyssinia; came to Europe through Arabian desert, walking through France and Spain towards England, 1783; walked from Calais to Vienna, 1784; in North America, 1791; met Wordsworth, 1792, De Quincey, 1798-9; announced lectures in London, 1803; his money claims on Arcot settled by East India Company, c. 1813; published discursive philosophical work?, including Travels to discover the Source of Moral Motion c. 1789.
  290. ^ Stewart or STUART, LOUISA, COUNTESS OF Albany (1753–1824), wife of the Young Pretender. See Albany.
  291. ^ Ludoviok Stewart , second DUKE OP LENNOX and DUKE OF RICHMOND (1574-1624).
  292. ^ Stewart or STUART, MARIA CLEMENTINA (1702-1735), wife of the Old Pretender; daughter of Prince James Sobieski, eldest son of the king of Poland; married James Francis Edward Stuart, the Old Pretender, 1719; left her husband and retired to a nunnery, 1724.
  293. ^ Stewart or STUART, MARY (1542–1587), queen of Soots.
  294. ^ Matthew Stewart , second (or tenth) EARL OF Lennox (d. 1513), succeeded to Lennox and had sheriffdotn of Dumbarton; slain at Flodden, commanding Scots right wing.
  295. ^ Matthew Stewart , fourth (twelfth) EARL OF Li:vox ( 1516-1571), regent of Scotland; keeper of Dumbarton Castle, 1531; commanded Scots men-at-arms in Provence, 1536: naturalised in France, 1537; induced by French party to return to Scotland, 1543; put forward as rival to Arran as next heir after the Princess Mary; seized Mary of Guise, the queen dowager and Princess Mary at Edinburgh, 1543; brought them to Stirling; disappointed of marriage with Mary of Guise; opened negotiations with Henry VIII for hand of Lady Margaret Douglas; joined English party, but came to temporary agreement with Arran, 1544; went to London and signed treaty agreeing to surrender Dumbarton and Bute and support English overlordship in exchange for hand of Lady Margaret and the governorship of Scot* Uind, 1544; received English estates; naturalised and married; as English lieutenant for southern Scotland made attempt against west coast, 1544-5; assisted Hertford's invasion, 1545; outlawed in Scotland, 1545; imprisoned by Queen Elizabeth for design to return to Scotlaud, 1562, his object being to promote marriage of his son (Daruley) with Mary Queen of Scots; allowed to go, 1564; restored to title and lands, 1564; lieutenant over western Scotland, 1565; privy to plot against Riccio; warned Mary of Darnley's wish to leave Scotland; formally accused Bothwell, 1567; prevented from appearing against him: provisional regent after Mary's surrender; accused Mary at Westminster conference, 1568; lieutenant-general nd regent of Scotland, 1570; fought against Huntly and (be Hamlltons: held parliament at Edinburgh; surprised at Stirling by Kirkcaldy of Grange; rescued by Mar, but tabbed by Captain Oalder.
  296. ^ Matthew Stewart (1717–1785), geometrician; studied at Glasgow and at Edinburgh under Colin Maclaurin; gained reputation by his General Theorems 1746; minister of Roseneath, 1745-7; professor of mathematics at Edinburgh University, 1747-85, the duties being performed by his sou. Dugold Stewart , after 1772; F.R.S., 1764; chief work,Tracts, Physical and Mathematical 1761, applying geometrical demonstration to astronomy.
  297. ^ Murdac Stewart or MURDOCH, second DUKE ! OF ALBANY (d. 1425), govemor of Scotland; known as ! Earl of Fife till death of father, Robert Stewart, first I duke of Albany, 1420; justiciary north of Forth, 1392; captured at Homildon, 1402; prisoner in England 1 till exchanged for Sir Henry Percy, second enrl of Northi uinberland, 1415; suspected of delaying James I's liberation; incompetent and corrupt governor, 1420-4; j arrested and executed. liv. 337
  298. ^ Patrick Stewart , second EARL OF ORKNEY (d. 1614), son of Robert Stewart, first earl of Orkney; I granted charter of earldom of Orkney and lordship of Zetland, 1600; exercised almost independent sovereignty; charged with tyranny and cruelty; tried and sentenced to imprisonment and loss of justiciarship, 1611; released, but again imprisoned; refused all terms; executed for instigating rebellion of his son.
  299. ^ Patrick Stewart (1832–1866), major, royal (17th Bengal) engineers; lieutenant, Bengal engineers, 1854; brevet major, 1858; attached to headquarters staff during relief of Lucknow, 1867, and at siege and capture, 1858; accompanied Lord Canning to Allahabad, 1858; served on commission to inquire into cause of the great mortality from cholera, 1861-2; director-general of government Indo-European telegraph at Bombay, 1863; laid cable from Gwadar to Fao; C.B., 1864.
  300. ^ Robert Stewart , first DUKE OF ALBANY (1340–11420), regent of Scotland; third son of Robert Stewart, earl of Strathearn (afterwards Robert II); hostage in England, 1360; Baron of Menteith on marriage, 1361; Earl of Fife and Menteith, 1371; hereditary governor of Stirling, 1373; placed in line of succession; chamberlain of Scotland, 1382-1407; took part in raids into Northumberland and Cumberland, 1385-6; led invasion of 1388; provisional guardian of Scotland, 1389-99; created Duke of Albany, 1398; member of Rothesay's council, 1399; reinstated as governor after Rothesay's arrest and death, 1402; his forces defeated by English, 1402; supposed to have acted with Hotspur, 1403; regent of Scotland on capture of Prince James and death of Robert III, 1406; his supposed connivance at imprisonment of James I in England not substantiated; crushed rebellion of Donald Macdonald, second lord of the Isles, who claimed Albany's earldom of Ross, 1411; caused erection of Inverness Castle; demanded release of James 1, 1416; protected Thomas Warde, the pretended Richard II of England; made foul raid against Roxburgh, 1417; granted charter, 1420; buried at Dunfermline.
  301. ^ Stewart or STUART, ROBERT, SBIOKBUR D'AUBIONY (1470?-1543), brother of Matthew Stewart, second or tenth earl of Lennox; served with Scots under Seigneur dA ubigny; as marshal of France defeated Colonna at Villa Franca, 1615; fought at Marignano; captured at Pavia.
  302. ^ Lord Robert Stewart , afterwards EARL OF Orkney (d. 1592), natural son of James V : abbot of Holyrood, 1539; privy councillor, 1652; acted with lords of congregation; prominent during French attack on Edinburgh, 1559; pensioned by his half-sister, Mary Queen of Scots, 1666; reported to have warned Darnley of the plot against him; exchanged temporalities of Holyrood for those of Orkney, 1669; a chief conspirator against Morton, 1580; created Earl of Orkney, 1581.
  303. ^ Sir Robert Stewart (d. 1670?), Irish royalist ; accompanied James VI to England, 1603; In Swedish service, 1611-17; granted Irish estates, 1617; raised troops in Scotland for Sigismund III of Poland, 1623; at battle of Leipzig and taking of Wurzburg, 1629; enlisted Irish troops for Sweden, 1637; governor of Culmore Castle, 1638, of Londonderry, 1643-4; M.P., Londonderry, 1639; received royal commission against Irish rebels, 1641; defeated Sir Phelim O'Neill at Glenmaquin, surprised Owen Roe O'Neill, U543; reluctantly took the covenant; refitted to obey parliamentary governor of m rry; secured and M-nt to London, 1648; escaped and joined Olanricarde in Ireland, 1649; after royalist def.r (appointed to Derry and Culmore at Restoration. liv 3431
  304. ^ Robert Stewart , first Marquis of Londonderry( 173'.* -ihii j : Irish M.P., oo. Down, 1769-83 ; promint nt delegate to second Duuganuon convention, 1783: Irish privy councillor; created (Irish) Baron London
  305. ^ Rodert Stewart , second MARQUIS OF Londonderry, better known as Viscount Castlereagh (1769–1822), statesman: son of Robert Stewart, flrst marquis of Londonderry; studied at St. John's College, Cambridge, 1788, and abroad: M.P., oo. Down (Irish parUamentX 1790; M.P., Tregony, 1704-6, Oxford, 1796-7; supported enfranchisement of Irish Roman catholics; at flrst voted with opposition; as keeper of Irish privy seal, 1797-8, was acting chief seoretary to Ttceroy; forestalled United Irish rebellion by arresting leaden: procured English troops to replace Irish militia; chief secretary for Ireland, 1799-1801, being specially selected by Pitt; impressed on ministry necessity for immediate union; solely responsible for its passing through Irish parliament, 1800. though reluctantly employing corruption; threatened resignation on refusal of ministry to recommend all peerages promised; pressed for introduction of Irish Catholic Emancipation Bill; resigned on George Ill's refusal, 1801: after union represented ob. Down, 1800-6 and 1812-20, Boroughbridge, 181)6, Plyrnptou-Earl, 18061812, Oxford, 1821-2; had unofficial charge of Addington's Irish measures, 1801; prepared plans for Irish tithe commutation, and recommended state payment of Roman catholic priests; at Pitt's request became president of (East India) board of control under Addington, 1802; supported Lord Welle* ley against court of directors and the cabinet, and conducted negotiations with Persia; appointed by Pitt to war and colonial office in addition to board of control, 1805; responsible for abortive Elbe expedition, 1805; attacked Grenville's foreign policy, 1806; again war secretary, 1807; made treaty with Prussia, secured Danish fleet, saved Swedish and Portuguese fleets from Napoleon I, 1807; prepared expedition to Portugal, 1808, vainly endeavouring to secure chief command for Sir Arthur Wellesley; seut Wellesley to Portugal, 1809, and supported him throughout; increased army; his Walcheren expedition delayed and ruined by dissension between commanders and fever, 1809; his supersession agreed upon in cabinet under influence of Canning; declined presidency of council; fought duel with Canning, wounding him, 1809; resigned: supported ministerial policy whilst out of office, 1809-12; member of bullion committee; supported continued suspension of cash payments, 1811; refused peerage; foreign secretary, 1812-22; led House of Commons after Perceval's death: rejected Napoleon I's overtures and increased troops in Peninsula, 1812; brought about peace between Russia and Turkey, Sweden and Russia, and concluded treaties with Russia and Sweden, 1812; increased foreign subsidies, 1813; by his exertions as British plenipotentiary on the continent procured treaty of Cbaumont, 1814; arranged with Austria at Dijon affairs of Italy; signed preliminaries of peace at Parts with reservations, after Napoleon's abdication, 1814; opposed to Elba settlement; K.G.: senior British plenipotentiary at congress of Vienna, 1814-15; in consequence of determined ojpoltion on I'oli-h question by Russia and Prussia, concluded offensive and defensive treaty with Prance and Austria, 1815: peace having meanwhile been made with America, effected a compromise, a paper constitution being granted Poland, Luxemburg given to Netherlands and Genoa to Piedmont, and abolition of slave trade after term of promised by France and Spain: on Napoleon's escape increased foreign subsidies and refused separate peart-: after Waterloo restrained allies from retaliations on France; selected St. Helena and settled terms of oil's confinement; restored Java to the Dutch; il in Commons on income tax, 1816; in cabinet opposed resumption of cash payments, 1819; with Sidmouth held responsible for the Six Acts, 1819: measures against Queen Caroline imputed to him, 1820; made treaties with Spain (1817) and Belgium (1818) for aboil tton of slave trade: a 1818, cun-olidated eetttanent of 181ft by further trea't e.: ommtoed nidd* at coontry seat; buried in WeMmineter Abbey.
  306. ^ Stewart Siu ROBERT PRESCOTT (18S6-1894) musician; organUt of Cbrbt Church anl Dublin, 1844; ricar-cboral and ornnM 1862: profeMor of music, Dublin University. 1861: Mus. Societies: knighted, 1872; composed glee*, church mu lc, and other works.
  307. ^ Sir Thomas Grainger Stewart (1817–1900), physician; M.D. Edinburgh, 1868; president while still ojttrgnduAti: Boj,: ktedioal -,..-,.. n, v, Berlin, Prague, and Vienna: F.R-S.K., 1866; profeMorof practice of physic at Bdlnborgb University, 1876; physician In ordinary to Queen Victoria in Scotland, 1882; knighted, 1894; represented Edinburgh University at Berlin comma* on tuberculosis: president, Edinburgh College of Phy. slclans, 1889-91. His works include emays in pare literature and A Practical Treatise on Bright Disease of the Kidneys 1869.
  308. ^ Walter Stewart (d. 1177), steward of Malcolm IV of Scotland: Robert II wait sixth in descent from him. The surname of the royal bouse of Stuart probably dates from the reign of Malcolm IV, and the person of Walter, since in the prior reign of David I be had been witness to two charters without the designation of Steward.
  309. ^ Walter Stewart (1293–1326), high steward of Scotland; sou of Jauies Stewart (d. 1309); shared command of left wing at Banuockburn, 1314; married Marjory Bruce, 1315; flrst governor of Scotland, 1316: defended Berwick: engaged iu attempted surprise of Edward II at By land Abbey, 1322.
  310. ^ Walter Stewart , EARL OF ATHOLL (d. 1437), second sou of Robert II, by second wife; lord of Brechin by marriage, 1378; keeper of Edinburgh Castle; Earl of Caithness, 1402-30: forwarded return of James I, 1424; granted earldom of Strathearn, 1427; joined plot for assassination of James I that his own grandson might succeed; tortured and executed.
  311. ^ Stewart or STUART, WALTER, first LORD Blantyre (d. 1617), lord treasurer of Scotland : educated with James VI under Buchanan; prior of Blantyre; keeper of the privy seal, 1682-96; extraordinary lord of session, 1593; anoctavian 1596: treasurer, 1696-9; imprisoned and compelled to resign by James VI, 1699: commissioner for union with England, 1604; created Baron Blantyre, 1606; assessor at trials of George Sprott , 1608, and Balmerino, 1609.
  312. ^ Sir William Stewart (d. 1402), of Jedworth ; sheriff of Teviotdale; not idem mil with Stewart of Castlemilk; progenitor of earls of Galloway: auditor of customs, 1890: borow of Douglas for middle ma robes, 1398; taken at Homildou Hill; executed by Hotspur as traitor to England.
  313. ^ William Stewart (1479–1646), bishop of Aberdeen; dean of Glasgow, 1527; lord treasurer of Scotland, 1630-7; bishop of Aberdeen, 1582-46; ambassador to England and France, 1634; built King's College Library, Aberdeen.
  314. ^ William Stewart (1481? –1660?), Scots chronicler and verse-writer; first licentiate, St. Andrews, 1601; pensioned by James V; poems ascribed to him in Bannatyne and Maitland collections; his metrical version of Hector Boece, containing notable additions, printed by William Barclay Turnbull. 1868.
  315. ^ Sir William Stewart (d. 1688), of Monkton; third son of Andrew Stewart, second lord Ocbiltne ; routed and wounded when com mantling Arran's men after raid of Huthveu, 1682; envoy to France, 1687; accused master of Gray, who was convicted; captured John Maxwell, lord Maxwell (1663-1693), and Lochmaben Castle, 1688; killed in brawl at Edinburgh by Francis Stewart, fifth earl of Bothwell
  316. ^ Sir William Stewart ( ft. 1575–1603), of Houston: favourite of James VI; colonel in Dutch s 1580: married Flemish vitV; captain of James Vl's guard, 1582; joint-ambassador to England, 1583; James Vl's chief instrument in freeing himself from Hut liven raiders, 1583; shared influence over him with Arran; granted Pittenweem priory, 1583; frustrated attempts of insurgents on Stirling, 1584; induced James VI, Queen Elizabeth, and Mary Stuart to help him in recovering wife's dowry; overthrown by coup d'etat, 1585: digmi*ri; James Vl's secret agent in Denmark and France, 1586; convoyed James VI and his queen from Denmark, 1589: again privy councillor; envoy to Germany, 1690; sent to Netherlands to negotiate evangelic alliance, 1593; knighted and granted Houston, 1593; gentleman adventurer in Lewis, 1598.
  317. ^ Stewart Sm WILLIAM, first VISCOUNT MOUNTJoy (1653–1692), soldier ; succeeded as second baronet, 1662; commissioner of claims under (Irish) acts of settlement and explanation, 1675; custos of Donegal, 1G78; created Viscount Mount joy, 1683; master-general of ordnance for life, 1684; volunteer at capture of Buda, 1686; brigadier in Ireland, 1687; sent by Tyrconnel to Londonderry, 1688; promised pardon for Ulstermeu and protestaut garrison: deceived by Tyrconnel and induced to go to Paris, 1689; imprisoned there; attainted and deprived: exchanged for Richard Hamilton, 1692; killed in William Ill's army at Steenkirk.
  318. ^ Stewart Sm WILLIAM (1774–1827), lieutenant-general; brother of Charles James Stewart: entered army, 1786; on staff of Quiberon expedition, 1795; commanded 67th foot in San Domingo, 1795-8; volunteer with Austro- Russian army at Zurich, 1799; lieutenantcolonel ofriflemen(afterwards 95th), 1800; wounded at Ferrol, 1800; commanded marines at Copenhagen, 1801, writing account of the battle; intimate with Nelson; published scheme of reform for British army, 1805; commanded brigade in Sicily, 1806; failed to take Rosetta, 1807; led light brigade in Walcheren expedition, 1809; lieutenant-general, 1813; K.B. for services at Vittoria, 1813; wounded in Dona Maria pass; present at later actions, being prominent at Aire; G.C.B., 1815; M.P., Saltash, 1795, Wigtonshire, 1796-1816; thanked personally by speaker, 1814.
  319. ^ Stewart -MACKENZIE, MARIA ELIZABETH Lady Hood Frederica (1783–1862), friend of Sir Walter Scott; accompanied Sir Samuel Hood (17621814), her first husband, to East Indies; succeeded to headship of clan Mackenzie, 1815; married James Alexander Stewart of Glasserton, 1817.
  320. ^ Robert De Stichil (d. 1274), bishop of Durham ; monk of Durham; prior of Finchale; bishop of Durham, 1260-74; attended council of Lyons; resigned see; founded hospital at Greatham; died at L'Arbresle; buried at Saviguy.
  321. ^ Stigand (d. 1072), archbishop of Canterbury ; chaplain to Canute and Harold Barefoot; chief counsellor of Emma; appointed to see of Elmham, 1038; consecrated, 1043; deprived but reinstated, 1044; bishop of Winchester, 1047; employed in negotiations between Edward the Confessor and Earl Godwin, 1061-2; oncanonically appointed archbishop, 1052; excommunicated by five popes; received pall from Benedict X (afterwards declared uncanonicalX 1068; probably did not crown Harold; joined in electing Edgar Atheling after Hastings; submitted and helped to crown William L, 1066; condemned by papal legates for usurpation, receiving pall from schismatic, and plurality, 1070; deprived of Canterbury and Winchester; imprisoned; buried in the cathedral abbey of St. Swithin, Winchester. Fliv 3691
  322. ^ John Still (1643?–1608), bishop of Bath and Wells ; M.A. Christ's College, Cambridge, 1565, D.D., 1576; fellow; c. 1562; Margaret professor of divinity, Cambridge, 15701573; rector of Hadleigh, 1571; chaplain to Archbishop Parker, 1672; canon of Westminster, 1573; master of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1674-7, of Trinity, 1677-1608 twice vice-chancellor; archdeacon of Sudbury, 1677chosen Cambridge delegate to diet at Schmalkald, 1578; Wllpcntor of Canterbury convocation, 1589; bishop of Brtto and Wells, 1593-1608; benefactor to Bubwith's Hospital, Wells, and Trinity Collate, Cambridge; authorIhip ofGammer Gorton's Needle(second English comedy: played at Christ's College; published, 1575) attributed to him on inconclusive evidence by Isaac Reed
  323. ^ Benjamin Stillingfleet (1702–1771), botanist and author; grandson of Edward Stillingfleet (1635-1699) 1; scholar and B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1723; tutor to Ashe-Windhani's son William; explored Mer de Glace, Chamounix, 1741; received pension from Windham, having charge later of his son; obtained a  : sinecure through his influence with Lord Barringtou; attended assemblies of Mrs. Agmondesham Vesey at Bath, c. 1748, originating term blue-stocking by his dress;  ; became acquainted with Linnean system, 1750-6; wrote librettos for oratorios; Paradise Lost (1760) set by John Christopher Smith, performed at Covent Garden,. London, 1760; first proposed English names for grasses; genus of euphorbiaceous plants named after him; chief works, Miscellaneous Tracts relating to Natural History, Husbandry, and Physick 1759, containing preface which introduced Linnean principles into England, and Observations on Grasses.
  324. ^ Edward Stillingfleet (1635–1699), bishop of Worcester; fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1653; M.A., 1656; incorporated at Oxford, 1677; D.D., 1668: preacher at Rolls Chapel and reader at the Temple; prebendary of St. Paul's, London, 1667; canon of Canterbury, 1669; popular London preacher; chaplain to Charles II; friend of Sir Matthew Hale; archdeacon of London, 1677; dean of St. Paul's, London, 1678; prolocutor of lower house; bishop of Worcester, 1689-99; member of commission to revise prayer-book and considercomprehension; frequent speaker in parliament; adviser of Teuison when primate; had controversy with Locke on the Trinity, 1696-7: reformed procedure of consistory court; his manuscripts bought by Harley, books by Narcissus Marsh His works (edited by Bentley, 1710) include The Irenicuin 1659 (suggestingcompromise with presbyterians), Origines Sacrae 1662, also a treatise on jurisdiction of bishops in capital cases, and Origines Britaunicae 1685.
  325. ^ Edward Stillingfleet (1660?–1708), Gresham. professor of physic; son of Edward Stillingfleet (1635-1699); M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1686, M.D., 1692; F.R.S. and Gresham professor of physic, 1698; held various rectories.
  326. ^ Robert Stillington (d. 1491), bishop of Bath, and Wells and lord chancellor; doctor of civil and canon law, Oxford; principal, Deep Hall, Oxford, 1442; canon of Wells, 1445; prebendary of York and Southwell; dean of St. Martin's, London, 1458-85; bishop of Bath and Wells, 1466-91; Yorkist keeper of privy seal, 1460; lord chancellor, 1467-75, with short intervals; imprisoned by Edward IV, probably for hostility to the Woodvilles; supported Richard III; imprisoned, but pardoned by Henry VII; again imprisoned for share in Simnel's rebellion; founded college at Nether Acaster.
  327. ^ Earl of Stirling (1567?–1640). See SIR WILLIAM ALEXANDER,.
  328. ^ Charles Stirling (1760–1833), vice-admiral son of Sir Walter Stirling; captain, 1783, for capture of American privateer Congress, 1781; resident commissioner, Jamaica, 1803-4; rear-admiral, 1804; with Rochefort squadron took part in action off Cape Finisterre, 1805; naval commander of South American expedition, 1806; commauder-in-chief at the Cape, 1807, in Jamaica,. 1811-13; vice-admiral, 1810; removal and placed on halfpay for corruption, 1814.
  329. ^ James Stirling (1692–1770), mathematician the Venetian); educated at Glasgow and Oxford Universities; expelled from Oxford for corresponding with Jacobites, 1715; studied ten years at Venice; discovered secret of Venetian glass-making; came to London, c. 1725; F.R.S., 1726; friend of Newton; manager to Scots Mining Company, Leadhills, 1735; made first survey of the Clyde; chief work,Methodus Differentialis, sive Tractatus de Summatione et Interpolatione Scrierum Inflnitarum 1730 (translated, 1749).
  330. ^ Sir James Stirling , first baronet (1740?-1805), lord provost of Edinburgh; secretary to governor of Jamaica; town councillor, Edinburgh. 1771, ti, 1773-4, provost, 1790, I7ui.:m. I7y: created baronet for services in reform riots, 1792.
  331. ^ Stirling sm JAMES (1791-18C5X admiral and first governor of Western Australia: nephew,: Ktirlmir, under whom be served at Finlsterre, 1806, in South America, 1807, and West Indies, 1811-13; formed MUement in Rattle* Bay, Torres Strait, 1816; governor of V,-tern Australia, 1829-30; rear-admiral, 1861: comBonder in China and Bart Indies, 1864-6; admiral, IMS; Itnight of the Redeemer.
  332. ^ Stirling Mas. MARY ANN (FANNY), afterwards Lady Gregory (1816–1896), actress: *** Kehl; first appeared aa Fanny Clifton at the Coburg, London; played leading parts at the Pavilion, London, 1832; married Edwani Stirling or Lambert; appeared as Mr*. Stirling at the Adelphi, London, under Mr*. Nisbett: made hit as lly Snow; with Macready at Drory Lane, 1843; Cordelia to Macready Lear (Princess's, London). 1845: her greatest part Peg Wofflngton InMasks and Faces at Haymarkec, London, 1852: played Lady Bountiful BeauxStratagem) and Mrs. Hardcastle, 1879, Mrs. Malaprop, 1880: Nurse inRomeo and Julietat Lyceum, Lon.lon. 1882 and 1884; her last part, Martha, in WillsFaust 1886: partially retired after 1870; recited and taught elocution at Royal Academy of Music; married Sir Charles Button Gregory, 1894.
  333. ^ Robert Stirling (1790–1878), Inventor of heated Air engine and constructor of scientific instruments; minister of Galston, 1824-78; hon. D.D. St. Andrew*. 1840.
  334. ^ Sir Thomas Stirling , fifth baronet (1 733-1808) general; served in Scots brigade of Holland, 1747-57; captain, 42nd Highlanders, 1757; at conquest of Canada and Martinique, 1759, the Havaiinnh, 1762: commanded 42ud foot during American war, 1776-80; general, 1801; created baronet; succeeded also to Ardoch baronetcy.
  335. ^ Sir Walter Stirling (1718–1786), captain in the navy; lieutenant, 1746; captain, 1759; knighted after Hood's capture of St. Eustatius, 1780; commodore at the Nore, 1782.
  336. ^ Stirling -MAXWELL, SIR WILLIAM, ninth baronet (1818-1878), historical writer and virtuoso: B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1839, M.A., 1843; visited Spain and the Levant; contributed to Eraser's Magazineand theExaminer succeeded to Keir estates, 1847; M.P., Perthshire, 1852-68 and 1874-8; member of universities commission, 1869, of Historical Manuscripts Commission (1872-8), and of Scottish education board; original member of Philobiblon Society, 1854; rector of St. Andrews University, 1862, Edinburgh, 1872; succeeded to Maxwell baronetcy, assuming additional name, 1866: chancellor of Glasgow, hon. D.C.L. Oxford, and K.T., 1876; member of London University senate, 1874-8; trustee of British Museum and National(Jallory; breeder of shorthorns and Clydesdale hones; ardent bibliographer and collector of works of art; pioneer of Spanish art; died at Venice. HisWorks(collected, 1891) includeAnnals of the Artists of Spain 1848 Velazquez* issued separately, 1855), "The Cloister Life of Charles V 1862 (enlarged, 1891), and monographs on the bibliography of proverbs.
  337. ^ Sir Henry William Stisted (1817–1876), lieutenant-general: ensign, 1835; served in Afghanistan and Baluchistan; lieutenant-colonel, 78th foot, 1860; commanded brigade in Persian war, 1866-7; led Havelock's advance guard at relief of Lucknow, 1857; C.B., 1868; commanded second brigade at Bareilly, 1858: lieutenantcolonel, 93rd, 1859; lieutenant-governor of Ontario, 1867; K..B., 1871.
  338. ^ Joseph Stock (1740–1813), Irish bishop: scholar, Trinity College, Dublin, 1759, B.A., 1761, fellow, 1763; Lead-master of Portera Royal School, 1795; bishop of Killala, 1798-1810, of Waterford and Lismore, 1810-13: captured by General Humbert, 1798; works include account of French invasion of Mayo, 1799, life of George Berkeley (1685-1753), 1776, and translations of Isaiah and Job.
  339. ^ Richard Stock (1569?-1626), puritan divine; scholar, St. John's College, Cambridge, 1587: M.A., 1694; incorporated at Oxford; rector of Standlake, 169, of
  340. ^ St Stock . SIMBON (1166?–1266).
  341. ^ 8TOCKDALE. JOHN (1749 T-18I4X publisher; porter to John Almon: after bis retirement ** np bodneat; issued Dr. Johnson's Work* 1787 (editing two volume.), and Debates in Parliament 1784-90: pro*i EorUW ta MBMol sUfe i,...,.,-;:-.,-., 5 i ObMM ftftjnri vramn BMttafsV ifltj bstaM to Krskine and acquitted; had to pay damages to Joseph Nightingale, 1809. u. 1811
  342. ^ 8TOCKDALE, JOHN JOSEPH (1770-1847), and compiler: son of John Stockdale q. v.f__ verdicts in action for libel against Messn. Hanrd (parMMBtafj noUhtaft wfl3 it* vto cttMl p, lege, and obtained It by act of 1840.
  343. ^ Percival Stockdale (1736–1811), author; studied at Aberdeen, 1764; sailed in Byng expedition for relief of Minorca, 1766; went to London, e.l760and mixed in literary society; conductedCritical Reviewand Universal Magazine; chaplain of Resolution gnardshlp. 1773-6; defended Pope's writings against Walton's essay, 1778; rector of Hinxworth, 1780, of Lesbnry and Low Honghton, 1783; M.A. Lambeth, 1784; his numerous works include "The Poet 1773, an edition with biography of Thomson'sSeasons(1793), translations, criticism, and Memoirs 1809.
  344. ^ 8TOCKER, THOMAS (fl. 1669-1592), translator of Calvin's works and books by French authors.
  345. ^ Arthur Stocks (1846–1889), painter; third son of Lumb Stocks; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1807-89; member of Institute of Painters in Watercolours,
  346. ^ Lumb Stocks (1812–1892), line-engraver; articled to Charles Rolls; first exhibited at Royal Academy, 1832; executed plates for annuals and Finden'sGallery of British Art; associate engraver, Royal Academy, 1861; K.A., 1871.
  347. ^ Owen Stockton (1630–1680), puritan divine: B.A. Christ's College, Cambridge, 1649; senior fellow Cains College, Cambridge, 1662-8; received presbyterian ordination, 1655; town lecturer at Colchester, 1667-61; preached afterwards at Colchester, Ipswich, and Hadleigb; presented in ecclesiastical court as conventicle holder, 1669; benefactor of Caius College, Cambridge, and Harvard; published devotional works.
  348. ^ John Stockwood (. 1610), schoolmaster and divine; B.A. Heidelberg, 1667 (Incorporated, Oxford, 1575); M.A. Oxford, 1575, Cambridge, 1679; minister of Battle, 1571; head-master of Tonbridge school, 1578, vicar, 1586-1610; celebrated preacher; protected by Sir Robert Sidney; published school manuals and translations of devotional works.
  349. ^ Joachim Hayward Stocqueler (1800–1888), compiler; edited papers and published Fifteen Months Pilgrimage through Khuzistan and Persia (1832),Memorials of Afghanistan* (1843). and other works while in India, 1821-41; lectured in London on Indian subjects and Crimean war, 1841-66; correspondent in American war: his Autobiography suppressed in India, c. 1873: published military compilations and historical nwnwln (as J. H. Siddons).
  350. ^ Charles Stoddart (1806–1842), soldier and diplomatist: entered staff corps, 1823: captain on halfpay, 1834; secretary to United Service Institution, 18331836; military secretary to British envoy in Persia, 1836: in Persian camp during siege of Herat, 1837-8: presented ultimatum to Mahomed Shah which stopped war. 1838; envoy to Bokhara to negotiate release of Russian prisoners and treaty with Nasrulla Khan, 1838; imprisoned during oome months; released temporarily, 1839 and 1841: communicated to Palmerston ameer's wifh for English alliance, 1841: again imprisoned, and with Arthur Conolly beheaded, 1842.
  351. ^ Sir John Stoddart (1773–1856 1 journalist and judge in Malta; brother-in-law of Hazlitt: B.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1794, D.C.L., 1801: king's and admiralty advocate, Malta, 1803-7, chief- justice, 1836-40; knighted, 1826; contributor toTimes 1812-16; conducted New Times 1817-26: called Dr. Slop; publishal Remarks on the Local Scenery and Manners of Scotland 1801, legal pamphlets and translations. surgeon to British military forces in Natal, 1900; public ml a life of his father in Masters of Medicine series, ; 1898; died of pleurisy at Pietermaritzburg.
  352. ^ Thomas Tod Stoddart (1810–1880), angler and author; published 4 The Death- wake 1831 Angler's Companion to the Rivers and Lakes of Scotland 1M7. ami 'Songs of the Seasons 1873 (with autobiography, 1881).
  353. ^ Hubert Stogdon (1692-1728), nonconformist divine; presbyterian minister near Exeter, 1715, at Wookey, 1718-24: rebaptised by immersion; paedobaptist.
  354. ^ David Stokes (1691?-1669), divine; of Westminster School and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A. and fellow of Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1618; fellow of Eton, 1624; canon of Windsor and precentor of Chichester, 1628; D.D., 1630: deprived as royalist of all benefices; incorporated at Oxford, 1645; reinstated, 1660; published theological works.
  355. ^ George Thomas Stokes (1843–1898), Irish ecclesiastical historian; B.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1864, M.A., 1871, D.D., 1886; ordained, 1866; vicar of All Saints, Newtown Park, co. Dublin, 1868-98; prebendary and canon of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, 1893; deputyprofessor and (1883) professor of ecclesiastical history at Dublin; librarian of St. Patrick's Library, Dublin, 1887: chief works, Ireland and the Celtic Church 1886, Ireland and the Anglo- Norman Church 1888,Commentary on the Acts of the Apostles (for the Expositor's Bible), 1891.
  356. ^ Henry Sewell Stokes (1808–1895), Cornish poet: schoolfellow of Dickens at Chatham; established 'Cornish Guardian 1833; mayor of Truro, 1856, town clerk, 1859; clerk of the peace for Cornwall, 1865-95; entertained Tennyson, 1848; published verse,
  357. ^ John Lort Stokes (1812-1 885), admiral ; entered navy, 1826; commanded the Beagle during survey of Timor and New Zealand, 1841-3; surveyed New Zealand, 1847-51; admiral, 1877; published (1846) account of Beagle explorations, 1 837-43.
  358. ^ Margaret Stokes M'NAIR (1832–1900), Irish archaeologist; daughter of William Stokes; published, 1861, an illuminated edition of Sir Samuel Ferguson's poem, The Cromlech on Howth and was subsequently engaged on numerous publications relating to Irish archaeology; edited and contributed drawings to the Earl of Dunraven's Notes on Irish Architecture 1875-7; her work, The High Crosses of Ireland (partly published, 1898), remained unfinished at her death. She was an honorary member of the Royal Irish Academy and of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland.
  359. ^ Peter Stokes (d. 1399), Carmelite of Hitchin ; D.D. of Oxford; Archbishop Courtenay's agent in proceedings against Wycliffltes at Oxford, 1382; wrote work defending William Ockham
  360. ^ Whitley Stokes (1763–1845), regius professor of medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, 1830-43; fellow, 1787, M.D., 1793, senior fellow, 1805, natural-history lecturer, 1816; suspended for nationalist opinions, 17981800.
  361. ^ William Stokes (1804–1878), physician ; son of Whitley Stokes; M.D. Edinburgh, 1825, Dublin, 1839; physician to Meath Hospital; with Robert James Graves reformed chemical teaching; edited 'Dublin Journal of Medical Science founded Pathological Society, 1838; regins professor of medicine from 1845; physician to Queen Victoria in Ireland, 1861 F.ILS., 1861; president, Royal Irish Academy, 1874; awarded Prussian order Pour le Merite, 1876; works include treatises on diseases of the chest (1837) and of the heart (1864).
  362. ^ Sir William Stokes (1839–1900), surgeon : son of William Stokes (1804-1878); B.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1869, M.B., M.D., and M.Ch., 1863 L.R.0.8. Ireland, 1862, and F.R.C.S., 1874; studied at Paris, Berlin, Vienna, and Prague; practised in Dublin; professor of surgery at Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, 1872, president, 1886-7; knighted, 1886; surgeon in ordinary to Queen Victoria in Ireland, 1892; consulting
  363. ^ John Stokesley (1475?–1539), bishop of London; fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, c. 1496, vice-president, 1505; principal of Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1498; chaplain and almoner to Henry VIII, 1609; dean of Chapel Royal, London, 1524; envoy to France, 1529; tried to win over Italian universities to Henry VIIl's divorce from Catherine, 1530; part-author of book in favour of the divorce, 1631; bishop of London, 1530-9; pastor, Trowbridge, 1724-8; published theological works, concurred in anti-papal measures; joined Cuthbert Tunwith posthumous Poems and Letters j sta n i n remonstrance with Pole, 1637: condemned John Frith and other protestants; opposed translation of bible into English; resisted Cranmer's visitation; incurred Cromwell's hostility; accused of infringing statutes by excusing bull of Martin V, 1538; produced royal pardon.
  364. ^ Alfred Stone (1840–1878), musician ; organist at Clifton and Bristol churches; conducted Bristol Orpheus Society, 1876-8; organised and trained choir which won prize at first Crystal Palace music meeting, 1872; organised first Bristol musical festival, 1873; jointeditor of Bristol Tune Book 1863; advocated tonic sol-fa.
  365. ^ Andrew Stone (1703–1773), under-secretary of state; M.A. Oxford, 1728; as private secretary and under1 secretary of state (1734) exercised much influence over Newcastle and Henry Pelham (1695 9-1754); M.P., Hastings, 1741-61; joint-secretary to lords justices, 1744; commissioner of trade, 1749-61; accused of toasting the Pretender, but retained confidence of the court; treasurer to Queen Charlotte, 1761; one of the king's friends; left important political correspondence.
  366. ^ Benjamin Stone (fl. 1630–1642), sword-makerestablished on Hounslow Heath, c. 1630, earliest known English sword-factory.
  367. ^ Edmund Stone (d. 1768), mathematician; son of a gardener; self-educated; F.R.S., 1725; died in poverty; chief works, New Mathematical Dictionary 1725, and The Method of Fluxions, both direct and inverse (the former translated, latter original), 1730.
  368. ^ Edward James Stone (1831–1897), astronomer; fifth wrangler, 1859; fellow, QueensCollege, Cambridge, 1850-72, hon. fellow, 1875; chief assistant, Greenwich Observatory, 1860-70; detected variation of latitude; gold medallist, Royal Astronomical Society, 1869: astronomer-royal at the Cape, 1870-9; received Lalande prize, 1881, for his Cape catalogue of 12,441 stars (completed, 1894); observed total solar eclipse of 16 April 1874, and transit of Venus, 8 Dec. 1874; Radcliffe observer, Oxford, 1879-97; organised transit of Venus expeditions, 1882; F.R.S.; P.R.A.S, 1882-4; D.Sc. Padua, 1892; madespeotroscopic observations of solar eclipse at Novaya Zemlya, 1896..
  369. ^ Francis Stone (1738?-1813), Unitarian : captain of Charterhouse, London; M.A. University College, Ox j ford, 1766; became Arian while curate to Henry Taylor I; rector of Cold Norton, Essex, 1765-1808; pub I lished pamphlet, Tyro-Theologus 1768; chairman of petitioning clergy; deprived, 1808, for sermon at Dan ; bury, 1806, advocating Unitarian views; supported by Unitarians, but died a debtor; published economical and political pamphlets.
  370. ^ Frank Stone (1800–1859), painter ; self-educated: associated exhibitor, Water-colour Society, 1833, member, 1842-6; first exhibited at Royal Academy, 1837, winning rapid popularity; A.R.A., 1851; intimate with Dickens.
  371. ^ George Stone (1708?-1764), archbishop of Armagh; brother of Andrew Stone; M.A., 1732, D.D., ! 1740; bishop of Ferns and Leighlin, 1740-3, Kildare, ! 1743-5, Derry, 1745-7; dean of Christ Church, Dublin, 1743-5; archbishop of Armagh, 1747-64; Irish privy couni cillor and n lord justice, 1747; rival of Boyle; supported claim of crown to surplus revenues, 1749-53; excluded from regency, 1756: restored, 1758, but thenceforth shared power with Shannon (Boyle) and Pousonby; the Cardinal Lapidario of Baratamnu. 1
  372. ^ Gilbert Stone (. 1417?), nmiiwviil l.-tfrwriter; prebendary of Vlls 134, H.-rt-ford Paul's, London, 1412-17; some of his letters in I: James collections, Oxford.
  373. ^ Hknhy Stone (d. 1663), painter ('Old Stone'): eldest son of Nicholas Stone the elder; successful copyist of Vundy.-k.
  374. ^ Jerome Stone (1727–1756), self-taught linguist and poet; head-master of Dunkeld grammar school; contributor to Scote Magazine.*
  375. ^ John Stone (d. 1667), mason and iUtuary: younseKt sou of Nicholas Stone the elder: royalist; last survivor of family.
  376. ^ John Hdrford Stone (1763–1818), political refugee; intimate with Price, Priestley, and Madame de Genlis; prominent member of Society of Friends of the Revolution: led English celebrations in Paris of French victories In Belgium, 1792: imprisoned then, 1793 and 1794; lived with Helen Maria Williams; engaged in conspiracy against England, 1795; printer In Paris; naturalised, 1817; published French Unitarian pamphlet as Photinns 1800.
  377. ^ Nicholas Stone, the elder (1586-1647), mason, statuary, and architect; worked in Amsterdam under Pieter de Keyser; employed by James I: carried out designs of Inigo Jones; designed and executed porch of St. Mary's, Oxford, and gates of Botanic Garden, Oxford: master- mason and architect at Windsor, 1626; best known for his tombs, including those of Bodley at Oxford and Donne at St. Paul's, London; published Enchiridion of Fortification, 1645.
  378. ^ Nicholas Stone, the younger (d. 1647) mason and statuary; son of Nicholas Stone the elder; worked under Bernini in Italy.
  379. ^ Samuel Stone (1602–1663), puritan divine; M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1627; accompanied Thomas Hooker as teacher to New England, 1633, settling at Newtown (Cambridge); removed to Hurt ford, 1636; published A Congregational Church, a Catholike Visible Church 1652; died at Hartford.
  380. ^ William Stone (1603?–1661?), proprietary governor of Maryland, 1648-54; condemned to death by parliamentary commissioners, 1654, but pardoned; reappointed councillor, 1659.
  381. ^ Stonehenge (editor of the Field). See John Henry Walsh, 1810-1888.
  382. ^ Richard Stonehewer or Stonhewer (1728?-1809), friend of Gray; scholar, Trinity College, Cambridge, 1747; eighth wrangler, 1750: fellow of Peterhouse, 1751; tutor of Augustus Henry, third duke of Grafton; afterwards private secretary; undersecretary, northern department, 1765, southern, 1766; permanent auditor of excise; obtained for Gray Cambridge professorship; inherited from Mason Gray's library, holograph poems, and correspondence.
  383. ^ John de Stonford (1290?–1372?). See Stowford.
  384. ^ Sir James Stonhouse, 11th Baronet (1716–1795), physician and divine; M.A. St. John's College, Oxford, 1739, M.D., 1746; studied medicine at St. Thomas's Hospital, London, and French universities; practised at Northampton, 1743-63, founding the county infirmary; under influence of Philip Doddridge took holy orders, 1749. but continued medical practice; attended James Hervey (1714-1758) in last illness; rector of Little Cheverell, 1764, with Great Cheverell, 1779; lived in Bristol, preaching there and at Bath; Hannah More's Shepherd of Salisbury Plain; succeeded to baronetcy, 1792; published Every Man's Assistant and the Sick Man's Friend 1788, and popular devotional tracts.
  385. ^ John de Stonor (d. 1354), judge; summoned to parliament as serjeant, 1313; justice of common pleas, 1320; chief baron of the exchequer, 1329: chief- justice of common pleas, 1829-31, 1334-40, 1842-54; imprisoned, 1340.
  386. ^ Leonard Stopes (1540 ?-1687 ?), seminary priest; original scholar, St. John's College, Oxford, 1556, afterwards fellow; ejected, 1559; imprisoned at Wisbech on return from continent; exiled.
  387. ^ Richard Stopes (. 1621-1644). (ant abbot d Meaux or Melsa, Yorkshire; B.D. St. Bernard's Colle*. Oxford, 1621.
  388. ^ James Stopford (d. 1769), Irish bishop; friend of Swift: scholar, Trinity College, Dublin, 1718, fellow. 1717-27, M.A, 1718; vicar of Finghw, 1727; provost of Tuam, 1730; archdeacon, of KUlatoe. 1786; dean of Kllmaoduagh, 1748; bishop of Cloyne, 1768-9.
  389. ^ Joshua Stopford (1636-1875), divine; foundation clerk, Magdalen College, Oxford, 1666; M.A. and B.D., 1670; morning lecturer. Old Church, MiiiiiboeaM. 1660: encouraged Booth's rising, 1669: York, 1660; vicar of Klrkby Stephen Saints York, 1668; vicar, St. Martin's, York, 1667; his Pagano-Papismus (1675) re-edited, 1844.
  390. ^ Sir Robert Stopford (1768-1847), admiral; entered navy, 1780; present at relief of Gibraltar, 1781, action of 12 April, 1782, at West Indie*, and action of 1 June 1794: commanded Phaeton in retreat of Admiral William Cornwallis, 1796; with Nelson in chase to West Indies, 1806; received fold medal for conduct in battle of San Domingo, 1806; In Rio and Copenhagen expeditions, 1806-7; rear-admiral, 1808; blockaded Roohefort and destroyed French chips, 1808; commander at the Cape, 1810; took naval command of Java expedition, 1811; admiral, 1825; G.C.B., 1831; K.C.M.G., 1837; commander at Portsmouth, 1827-30, of Mediterranean fleet, 1837-41: conducted operations against Mebemet Ali, 1840; governor of Greenwich, 1841-7.
  391. ^ Anna Selina Storage (or Ann) (1766–1817), vocalist and actress; pupil of Rauzzini and Racchini; gained first great success at Florence, 1780: sang at La Scala, Milan, 1782; original Susanna in Nozze di Figaro Vienna, 1784; married John Abraham Fisher; separated from him; appeared in comic operas in Leodon, 1787: original Margaretta No Song no SapperX 1790, Barbara Iron Chest, 1796: sang at Handel festival, 1791; first played Rosina, 1796; formed connection with John Braham; sang with him in Paris, 1797, Italy, Vienna, and Hamburg, 1798-1801, and afterwards at Co vent Garden, London, and Drury Lane, London; retired, 1808.
  392. ^ Stephen Storage (1763–1796), musical composer; brother of Anna Storacc; studied at Naples; met Mozart at Vienna; engaged by Lintey as composer to Drury Lane, London, 1787: gained great success with his operas,The Haunted Tower 1789,The Pirate 1792, and The Iron Chest 1796; also composed string quartet in which Haydn and Mozart played, and good ballads.
  393. ^ Anthony Morris Storer (1746–1799), collector; friend of fifth Earl of Carlisle at Eton and Cambridge; accompanied him to America, 1778-9; commissioner of trade, 1781; M.P., Carlisle, 1774-80, Morpeth, 1780-4; intimate with Lord North; sent by Fox to Paris as secretary of legation, 1783, afterwards plenipotentiary; conspicuous in society; assisted Edward Harwood (1729-1794) in Views of the Classics; purchased Purley, 1793: P.S.A., 1777; member of Dilettanti Society, 1790; left library and prints to Eton.
  394. ^ Henry Sarg Ant Storer (1795–1837), draoghtoman and engraver; exhibited drawings at Royal Academy, 1814-36; collaborated with his father, James Sargant Storer in Cathedrals of Great Britain 1814-19, The Portfolio 1823-4, and similar works; engraved independently.
  395. ^ James Sargant Storer (1771–1853), draughtsman and engraver; collaborated with John Greig in Antiquarian and Topographical Cabinet 1807-11, and other works, and from 1814 with bis son.
  396. ^ Thomas Storer ( 1571–1604 X author of ' Life and Death of Thomas Wolsey, cardinall (poem), 1599 (x 1826); student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1587; 1604.
  397. ^ Sir Henry Knight Storks (1811–1874), lieotenaut-general; ensign, 1828; assistant adjutant-general in Kaffir war, 1846-7; assistant military secretary, Mauritius, 1849-54; had charge of British establishments in Turkey during Crimean war: K.O.B., 1867: high commissioner of Ionian island*. 1869-68; G.OM.G., 1M; major-general, 1862; G.C.B, 1864; governor of Malta, 1864-6; special commissioner and governor of Jamaica lo-J; privy councillor, 1866; controllcr-in-chicf of war office, 1887-70: surveyor-general of ordnance, 1870-4: Ueatenant-eencral, 1871: M.P., Ripon, 1871-4; assisted OttrdweU iu abolition of purchase.
  398. ^ Stormont first VISCOUNT (. 1631). See David Murray.
  399. ^ Edward Story (*. 1503), bishop successively of Carlisle (1468) and Chichester (1477); fellow of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, c. 1444; master of Michael house, 1450; chaplain to Queen Elizabeth (Woodville); twice chancellor of Cambridge; procured annexation to Chichester school of canonry and prebend, 1498, and erected cross.
  400. ^ George Warter Story (d. 1721), author of 'An Impartial Hirtory of the War in Ireland 1691, with Continuation 1693; accompanied (as regimental chaplain) Schomberg to Ireland; present at the Boyne, 1690, and siesre of Limerick, 1691; dean of Connor, 1694, of Limerick, 1705.
  401. ^ John Story (1510?–1571), Roman catholic martyr ; B.C.L. Hincksey Hall, Oxford, 1531, civil law lecturer, 1835, D.C.L., 1538; first regius professor, 1544; advocate,, DoctorsCommons, 1639: M.P., Hindon, 1547; recanted, ! bat opposed Act of Uniformity; imprisoned, 1548-9, by j House of Commons; retired to Louvain; excepted from pardon, 1552; chancellor of London and Oxford and dean of arches, 1553; active persecutor of protestants; queen's proctor for Oranmer's trial, 1555; M.P., East Grinstead, Bramber, Ludgershall, Downton, 1553-9; opposed admission of papal licenses, 1555; took oath renouncing foreign jurisdiction, 1558; imprisoned, 1560; escaped from Marshalsea to Flanders by help of Spanish ambassador, 1563; said to have instigated establishment of Inquisition at Antwerp, 1565; pensioned by Philip II; kidnapped for English government, 1570: convicted of treason and executed at Tyburn; beatified, 1886.
  402. ^ Robert Story (1790–1859), minister of Roseneath, 1818-59; educated at Edinburgh; tutor to James Andrew Broun Ramsay, earl of Dalhousie; exposed hia parishioner, Mary Campbell, who claimed gift of tongues 1830; published Peace in Believing 1829; part-author ofThe Institute (satirical poem), 1811.
  403. ^ Robert Story (1795–1860), Northumbrian poet ; son of a peasant at Wark; schoolmaster at Gargrave; received post in audit office for support of conservatism, 1843; Poetical Works issued by Duke of Northumberland, 1857 (selection edited, 1861).
  404. ^ Thomas Story (1670?–1742), quaker; brother of Qcovge Warter Story; assisted by William Penn and appointed registrar of Society of Friends, 1695; accompanied Penn to Ireland, 1698; preceded him to Pennsylvania; recorder of Philadelphia, 1701; treasurer of Pennsylvania Land Company; visited West Indies; returned to London, 1714; preached in Oxford, Holland (1715), Ireland, Scotland, and Bath; hisJournal(1747) twice abridged, and reprinted, 1846.
  405. ^ STOTHARD, MRS. ANNA ELIZA (1790-1883). See BRAT.
  406. ^ STOTHARD, CHARLES ALFRED (1786-1821), antiquarian draughtsman; son of Thomas Stothard; student. Royal Academy, 1807: prepared ten parts (first issued, 1811) of Monumental Effigies of Great Britain; as historical draughtsman to Society of Antiquaries made drawings of Bayeux tapestry, writing important essay on its date, 1806 (drawings in Vetusta Monumenta 1821, 1823); F.S.A., 1818; killed by fall from ladder at Beerferris.
  407. ^ Thomas Stothard (1755–1834), painter and book-illustrator; student, Royal Academy, 1777; first exhibited at Society of Artists, 1777, at Academy, 1778; began book illustrations, 1779; R.A., 1794, librarian, 181 designed Wellington's shield, 1814; decorated Burchlcy House and AdvocatesLibrary, Edinburgh; intimate vitii Flaxman, Beckford of Fonthill, and Samuel Rogers; among his picturesDryads finding Narclssii? theCanterbury Pilgrims setting forth from the Tabard Inn andThe Vintage executed masterly illustrations of ttaldlng, Richardson, Sterne, Robinson Crusoe Milton, 'Rape of the Lock; Shakespeare, Spenser, and Rogers; hi.- -rallistonnd Zephyrus and Floraengraved by Blake; his Milton designs by Bartolozzi.
  408. ^ 8TOTHERD, RICHARD HUGH (1828-1895), director general of the ordnance survey; entered royal engineers, 1847; fir;t captain, 1860; brigade-major in North America, 1861-5: organised first field telegraph: -;m-il adoption of Morse signalling system; reported on military operations in France, 1871; president of war oHirc torpedo committee, 1873-6; appointed to Irish ordnance survey, 1881; director-general of United Kingdom survey, 1883-6: C.B. for preparing maps under Redistribution Act, 1884; retired as hon. major-general, 1886; published first English book on submarine mining (2nd edit. 1873).
  409. ^ Israel Stoughton (d. 1645?), founder of Dorchester, Massachusetts, 1630; commanded Massachusetts army against Pequot Indians, 1G37; assistant, 1637-43; died in England lieutenant-colonel in parliamentary army.
  410. ^ John Stoughton (1807–1897), ecclesiastical historian; educated at Norwich and Highbury College; congregational co-pastor, Windsor, 1833-43, Hornton Street, Kensington, 1843-74; compiled appendix on nonconformist moles of communicating to fourth report of ritual commission, 1870: professor of historical theology, New College, St. John's Wood, London, 1872-84; arranged conference with churchmen, 1876; lectured in Westminster Abbey on missions, 1877; pall- bearer at Dean Stanley's funeral, 1881: hon. D.D. Edinburgh, 1868; elected to Athenaeum Club, 1874; chief works, Church and State Two Hundred Years Ago 1862,Ecclesiastical History of England 1867-70, with sequels, 1878, 1884, popular works on foreign reformers,Introduction to Historical Theology 1880, and autobiographical memoirs.
  411. ^ William Stoughton (1630?–1701), governor of Massachusetts; son of Israel Stoughton; B.A. Harvard; incorporated, New College, Oxford, 1652, fellow and M.A., 1653; ejected, 1662; returned to America; assistant, Massachusetts, 1671-86; federal commissioner, 1673-7 and 1680-6; lieutenant-governor, 1692-1701; presided at trial of Salem witches, 1692; founded hall at Harvard.
  412. ^ Sir Frederick Stovin (1783–1865), general; ensign, 1800; with Moore at Coruna; aide-de-camp to Alexander Mackenzie Fraser in Walcheren expedition, 1809; aide-de-camp to Picton, afterwards assistant adjutant-general to his division in Peninsula, 1811-14; brevet lieutenant-colonel, 1813; deputy adjutant-general in America, being wounded at New Orleans, 1815: lieutenant-colonel, 92nd foot, 1819-21, 90th, 1821-9; K.C.M.G., 1829; major-general, 1841; groom-in-waitiug, 1837-60; general, 1859; G.C.B., 1860.
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