Third-party and independent candidates for the 2024 United States presidential election

Third-party and independent candidates for the 2024 United States presidential election

Nominee Jill Stein Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (withdrawn) Chase Oliver Party Green Independent Libertarian Alliance Kentucky American Independent Natural Law Delaware Independent Reform (withdrawn) Alliance (withdrawn) Liberal Home state Massachusetts New York Georgia Running mate Butch Ware Nicole Shanahan Mike ter Maat Popular vote 769,978 742,065 637,386 Percentage 0.50% 0.48% 0.42%   Nominee Claudia De la Cruz Cornel West Randall Terry Party Socialism and Liberation Independent Constitution Alliance Peace and Freedom South Carolina Workers Unity United Citizens Oregon Progressive Legal Marijuana Now Aurora Green Mountain Peace and Justice Oregon Constitution Home state New York California Tennessee Running mate Karina Garcia Melina Abdullah Stephen Broden Popular vote 148,382 75,375 41,167 Percentage 0.10% 0.05% 0.03%   Nominee Peter Sonski Shiva Ayyadurai Joel Skousen Party American Solidarity Independent Constitution (factions) Home state Connecticut Massachusetts Utah Running mate Lauren Onak Crystal Ellis Rik Combs Popular vote 31,139 28,550 12,698 Percentage 0.02% 0.02% 0.01%

This article lists third party and independent candidates, also jointly known as minor candidates, associated with the 2024 United States presidential election.

"Third party" is a term commonly used in the United States in reference to political parties other than the Democratic and Republican parties. An independent candidate is one not affiliated with any political party.

24 candidates were listed on the ballot in at least one state and over 100 candidates were registered as a write-in candidate in at least one state.

Results

According to partial results as of November 14, third-party and independent candidates received 1.86% of the vote.

Green Party nominee Jill Stein received the most votes of any third-party candidate, receiving 744,757 votes (0.49%). She received 1.09% of the vote in Maine, her best state by percentage. Stein also received over one percent of the vote in Maryland and California.

Withdrawn independent candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. received 718,693 votes (0.47%). Kennedy's 1.96% in Montana was the highest statewide vote share of any third-party candidate. Kennedy also received over one percent of the vote in Alaska, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Vermont, Washington, and West Virginia.

Libertarian candidate Chase Oliver received 628,039 votes (0.41%). He was the only third-party candidate to be on the ballot or a registered write-in candidate in every state + D.C. Oliver received 1.69% in North Dakota, his best state by percentage. Oliver also received over one percent of the vote in Utah and Wyoming.

No other candidate reached one percent of the vote in any state. Shiva Ayyadurai and Joel Skousen reached half of one percent in their home states of Massachusetts and Utah, respectively.

"None of these candidates" received 1.32% in Nevada.

General election candidates

Candidates with majority ballot access

See also: Ballot access in the 2024 United States presidential election

The following general election candidates currently have ballot access to at least 270 electoral votes (EV), the minimum number required to win the electoral college. Ballot access deadlines vary from state to state.

Party	Presidential nominee	Vice presidential nominee	Campaign	States with ballot access
Libertarian	Chase Oliver Nominee for U.S. Senator from Georgia in 2022 and sales executive from Georgia	Mike ter Maat Former economist at Office of Management and Budget and police officer from Florida	Website Campaign FEC filings Additional party nominations: Libertarian Association of Massachusetts (MA) Listed as an independent in: AL	Certified for ballot (47 states, 477 electors)   Registered write-in (3 states + D.C., 61 electors)
Green	Jill Stein Nominee for U.S. President in 2012 and 2016 from Massachusetts	Butch Ware Academic from California	Website Campaign FEC filings Additional party nominations: Kentucky Party (KY) Listed as an independent in: AL, AK, ID, NE, OH, TN	Certified for ballot (37 states, 420 electors)   Registered write-in (Four states, 56 electors)   Automatic write-in (Three states, 12 electors)   On ballot, votes will not count (One state, 17 electors)   Not on ballot

Candidates with majority ballot or write-in access

The following candidates will have either ballot or write-in access to more than 270 electoral votes (EV), the minimum number required to attain the presidency.

See also: Ballot access in the 2024 United States presidential election

Party	Presidential nominee	Vice presidential nominee	Campaign	States with ballot access
Party for Socialism and Liberation	Claudia De la Cruz Activist from New York	Karina Garcia Activist from California	Website Campaign FEC filings Additional party nominations: South Carolina Workers Party (SC) Peace and Freedom Party (CA) Listed as an independent in: ID, GA, MS, UT, TN, VA	Certified for ballot (19 states, 220 electors)   Registered write-in (17 states + D.C., 210 electors)   Automatic write-in (Five states, 43 electors)   On ballot, votes will not count (One state, 16 electors)   Not on ballot
Independent	Cornel West Academic and activist from California	Melina Abdullah Academic and activist from California	Website Campaign FEC filings Additional party nominations: Aurora Party (AK) Oregon Progressive Party (OR) United Citizens Party (SC) Unity Party of Colorado (CO) Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party (VT) Nebraska Legal Marijuana NOW Party (NE) Justice For All Party (LA, ME, MN, NC, WA, WI)	Certified for ballot (15 states, 132 electors)   Registered write-in (13 states, 175 electors)   Automatic write-in (Seven states, 59 electors)   On ballot, votes will not count (One state, 16 electors)   Not on ballot
American Solidarity Party	Peter Sonski Local politician and museum director from Connecticut	Lauren Onak Teacher and non-profit executive from Massachusetts	Website Campaign June 13, 2023 FEC filings Listed as an independent in: MS, OH	Certified for ballot (Seven states, 74 electors)   Registered write-in (26 states, 330 electors)   Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)   Not on ballot
Independent	Shiva Ayyadurai Entrepreneur from Massachusetts	Crystal Ellis Entrepreneur and Activist from Nebraska	Website September 4, 2023 FEC filings	Certified for ballot (Seven states, 57 electors)   Registered write-in (18 states + D.C., 250 electors)   Automatic write-in (Eight states, 64 electors)   Not on ballot

Candidates with partial ballot access

The following general election candidates will have ballot access to fewer than 270 electoral votes, the minimum number required to attain the presidency.

See also: Ballot access in the 2024 United States presidential election

Party	Presidential nominee	Vice presidential nominee	Campaign	States with ballot access
Constitution Party	Randall Terry Activist and perennial candidate from Tennessee	Stephen Broden Pastor and political commentator from Texas	Website Campaign FEC filings Additional party nominations: Constitution Party of Oregon (OR) Listed as an independent in: ID	Certified for ballot (12 states, 133 electors)   Automatic write-in (Seven states, 48 electors)   Not on ballot   Rejected by state party (Four states, 19 electors)
Socialist Workers Party	Rachele Fruit Hotel worker and perennial candidate from Florida	Dennis Richter Activist from Minnesota	Website March 4, 2024 Listed as an independent in: TN	Certified for ballot (Six states, 58 electors)   Automatic write-in (Seven states, 53 electors)   Not on ballot
Socialist Equality Party	Joseph Kishore Writer and Socialist Equality Party National Secretary from New Jersey	Jerry White Perennial candidate and editor from New York	Website February 27, 2024 FEC filings Listed as an independent in: MI	Certified for ballot (Three states, 41 electors)   Registered write-in (Three states, 31 electors)   Automatic write-in (Eight states, 56 electors)   Not on ballot
Independent	Richard Duncan Perennial candidate from Ohio	Mitch Bupp Perennial candidate from Ohio	Website	Certified for ballot (One state, 17 electors)   Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)   Not on ballot
Constitution Party offshoots	Joel Skousen Survivalist and consultant from Utah	Rik Combs Businessman and 2020 Libertarian nominee for governor from Missouri	Website May 6, 2024	Certified for ballot (Three states, 16 electors)   Registered write-in (Two states, 23 electors)   Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)   Not on ballot
Independent	Jay Bowman Small business owner and activist from Kentucky	De Bowman Activist and brother of Jay Bowman from Utah	Website July 3, 2024 FEC filings	Certified for ballot (One state, 11 electors)   Registered write-in (Five states, 70 electors)   Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)   Not on ballot
Approval Voting Party	Blake Huber AVP nominee for President in 2020 from Colorado	Andrea Denault Activist and political consultant from North Dakota	Website March 16, 2024	Certified for ballot (One state, 10 electors)   Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)   Not on ballot
Godliness, Truth, Justice Party	Mattie Preston Evangelist from Louisiana	Shannel Conner Welder from Texas	Website January 6, 2023 FEC filings	Certified for ballot (One state, eight electors)   Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)   Not on ballot
Independent	Chris Garrity Former Army Ranger and Environmentalist from New Hampshire	Cody Ballard Former Army Ranger and Assistant State Attorney from Maryland	Website June 2, 2023 FEC filings	Certified for ballot (One state, seven electors)   Registered write-in (Six states, 75 electors)   Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)   Not on ballot
Socialist Party USA	Bill Stodden Nonprofit executive from Indiana	Stephanie Cholensky Activist from Missouri	Website November 12, 2023	Certified for ballot (One state, six electors)   Registered write-in (Two states, 13 electors)   Automatic write-in (Eight states, 64 electors)   Not on ballot
Prohibition Party	Michael Wood Businessman and Prohibition National Committee member from California	John Pietrowski Prohibition National Committee member from Ohio	Website July 5, 2023 FEC filings	Certified for ballot (One state, six electors)   Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)   Not on ballot
Independent	Lucifer "Justin Case" Everylove Activist from New Hampshire	None	Website	Certified for ballot (One state, six electors)   Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)   Not on ballot
Liberal Party USA	Laura Ebke Former State Legislator from Nebraska	Trisha Butler Chair of the Liberal Party USA and former Clarksville city councilor from Tennessee		Certified for ballot (One state, five electors)   Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)   Not on ballot   Rejected by state party (One state, 11 electors)
Party Party	Robby Wells Former college football coach from Georgia	Tony Jones Entrepreneur and college professor from Rhode Island	Website FEC filings	Certified for ballot (One state, four electors)   Registered write-in (One states, 12 electors)   Automatic write-in (Eight states, 66 electors)   Not on ballot
Pirate Party	Vermin Supreme Performance artist and perennial candidate from Massachusetts	Jonathan Realz Actor and writer from Alabama	Website August 8, 2024 FEC filings Additional Party Nominations: Conservative Party of Delaware (DE)	Certified for ballot (One state, three electors)   Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)   Not on ballot

Withdrawn candidates with ballot access

Party	Presidential nominee	Vice presidential nominee	Campaign	Withdrew	States with ballot access
Independent	Robert F. Kennedy Jr. Attorney and activist from New York	Nicole Shanahan Attorney and technologist from California	Website Campaign FEC filings Additional party nominations: We the People Party (IA, IN, LA, MN, OR, VT, WA, WI) American Independent Party (CA) Natural Law Party of Michigan (MI) Independent Party of Delaware (DE) Team Kennedy Party (RI)	August 23, 2024 (endorsed Trump) Withdrawn party nominations: We the People Party (HI, MA, NC, PA) Alliance Party (SC) Reform Party (FL)	Certified for ballot (30 states + D.C., 283 electors)   Automatic write-in (Three states, 26 electors)   Not on ballot   Removed name from ballot (19 states, 227 electors)

Candidates without ballot access

Parties and candidates in this section have not attained ballot access in any states, yet are running as declared write-ins in various states.

• Transhumanist Party: Tom Ross, technology and political activist;
  • Daniel Twedt, Vice-presidential nominee, nonprofit executive and perennial candidate.
• Legal Marijuana Now Party: Dennis Schuller;

Notable independents:

• Johnny Buss, co-owner of the Los Angeles Lakers
• Joseph "Afroman" Foreman, rapper
• Emanuel Pastreich, academic, think tank president

Nominating processes

Yard signs in Southington, Connecticut promoting third-party 2024 candidates.

Schedule

Third-party nomination schedule

Date	Party nomination event
May 9, 2023	Prohibition Party presidential nominating convention
June 1, 2023	American Solidarity Party online primary
April 6, 2024	Unity Party of America nominating convention
April 13, 2024	Unity Party of Colorado nominating convention
April 17, 2024	Natural Law Party nominating convention
April 27, 2024	Constitution Party nominating convention
May 23, 2024	Reform National Convention
May 25, 2024	Constitution Party of Oregon nominating Convention
May 26, 2024	Libertarian National Convention
May 30, 2024	Approval Voting Party nominating convention
June 1, 2024	Pirate National Convention
June 23, 2024	Green Party of Alaska Nominating Meeting
August 3, 2024	Constitution Party of Idaho Nominating Convention
August 3, 2024	Peace and Freedom Party state central committee meeting
August 15, 2024	Green National Convention

Libertarian Party

Main article: 2024 Libertarian Party presidential primaries

The Libertarian Party participated in multiple non-binding preference primaries in this election cycle. The party's presidential and vice presidential nominees were chosen directly by delegates at the 2024 Libertarian National Convention, held on Memorial Day weekend from May 24 to 26, 2024, in Washington, D.C.

Prior to the LP 2024 National Convention, 38 candidates filed with the Federal Election Commission to run for the Libertarian Party presidential nomination in 2024.

Nominee

2024 Libertarian Party nominee

Name		Born	Experience	Home state	Campaign Announcement date	Contests won	Popular vote	Running mate	Ref.
Chase Oliver		August 16, 1985 (age 39) Nashville, Tennessee	Nominee for U.S. Senator from Georgia in 2022 Candidate for GA-05 in 2020 Chair of the Atlanta Libertarian Party (2016–2017)	Georgia	Campaign Website April 5, 2023 FEC filing	6 (IA, IN, AZ, OK, CT, NE)	3,498 (8.6%)	Mike ter Maat

Eliminated at convention

This section includes candidates who filed paperwork with the Federal Election Commission with intent to run under the Libertarian Party and who met one or more of the following criteria: a) meet Wikipedia's notability guidelines; b) participated in at least three Libertarian Party-sponsored debates; or c) received non-trivial media coverage as a candidate in this election cycle.

Eliminated in convention balloting

Candidate		Born	Experience	Home state	Campaign announced Announcement date	Campaign suspended Suspension date	Contests won	Popular vote	Ref.
No preference/ None of the above/ Uncommitted		N/A				May 26, 2024 (eliminated in seventh balloting)	2 (NC, MA)	6,384 (15.7%)
Michael Rectenwald		January 29, 1959 (age 65) Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania	Author and Scholar Former New York University professor (2008–2019)	Pennsylvania	August 28, 2023 FEC filing	May 26, 2024 (eliminated in sixth balloting)	2 (MS, AL)	943 (2.3%)
Mike ter Maat		June 20, 1961 (age 63) Portland, Oregon	Economist Former Hallandale Beach, Florida police officer Nominee for FL-20 in 2022	Virginia	April 18, 2022 FEC filing	May 26, 2024 (eliminated during fifth balloting; endorsed Oliver during balloting) (ran for vice-president)	1 (PA)	589 (1.5%)
Lars Mapstead		August 14, 1969 (age 55) Monterey, California	Co-founder of Friend Finder Networks Founder of Fupa Games and Legendary Speed	California	March 23, 2021 FEC filing Running mate: Larry Sharpe	May 26, 2024 (eliminated during fourth balloting; endorsed Oliver after his nomination)	2 (ME, NM)	1,226 (3.0%)
Joshua Smith		March 13, 1983 (age 41) Antioch, California	Vice Chair of the Libertarian National Committee (2022–2023)	Iowa	July 24, 2023 FEC filing	May 26, 2024 (eliminated during third balloting)	1 (MN)	416 (1.0%)
Jacob Hornberger		January 28, 1950 (age 74) Laredo, Texas	Founder and President of the Future of Freedom Foundation Independent candidate for U.S. Senate from Virginia in 2002 Candidate for President in 2000 and 2020	Virginia	February 20, 2023 FEC filing	May 26, 2024 (eliminated during second balloting)	0	2,043 (5.0%)
Charles Ballay		January 1, 1970 (age 54) New Orleans, Louisiana	Otolaryngologist	Louisiana	August 24, 2023 FEC filing	May 26, 2024 (eliminated during initial balloting; endorsed Oliver after his nomination)	1 (CA)	22,337 (55.1%)
Art Olivier		August 24, 1957 (age 67) Lynwood, California	Nominee for U.S. Vice President in 2000 Nominee for Governor of California in 2006 Mayor of Bellflower, California (1998–1999)	California	December 11, 2023 FEC filing	May 26, 2024 (eliminated during initial balloting)	0	5 (nil%)

Withdrew before the primaries

Former candidates in the 2024 Libertarian Party presidential primaries

Name	Born	Experience	Home state	Campaign announced	Campaign suspended	Campaign	Ref.
Joe Exotic	March 5, 1963 (age 60) Garden City, Kansas	Businessman and media personality Owner of the Greater Wynnewood Exotic Animal Park (1998–2018) Independent candidate for president in 2016 Candidate for Governor of Oklahoma in 2018	Texas	March 10, 2023	April 11, 2023 (ran for the Democratic nomination)	FEC filing

Green Party

Main article: 2024 Green Party presidential primaries

The Green Party is holding a series of presidential primaries through which convention delegates will be awarded to candidates and will nominate the party's presidential ticket at the 2024 Green National Convention, which is scheduled to take place as a virtual event from August 15 to 18, 2024.

The individuals listed below are declared candidates who have filed paperwork with the Federal Election Commission with intent to run under the Green Party and who meet one or more of the following criteria: a) meet Wikipedia's notability guidelines; b) have participated (or have been invited to participate) in at least two Green Party-sponsored debates or c) have received non-trivial media coverage as a candidate in this election cycle.

Green nominee for the 2024 presidential election

Name		Born	Experience	Home state	Campaign Announcement date	Contests won	Delegates	Popular vote	Running mate	Ref.
Jill Stein		May 14, 1950 (age 74) Chicago, Illinois	Nominee for president in 2012 and 2016 Member of the Lexington Town Meeting from the 2nd Precinct Activist	Massachusetts	Campaign November 9, 2023 FEC filing	20 (KS, PA, CA, IL, AZ, NY, WA, NV, TX, WI, CT, TN, OH, MD, NJ, NM, UT, WV, IN, DC)	Pledged: 182 (91.9%) Convention: 267 (91.1%)	16,597 (96.5%)	Butch Ware

Other candidates in the 2024 Green Party presidential primaries

Name		Born	Experience	Home state	Campaign Announcement date	Contests won	Delegates	Popular vote	Running mate	Ref.
Other candidates formally recognized by GPUS
Jasmine Sherman		August 17, 1985 (age 39) Queens, New York	Executive Director of Greater Charlotte Rise	North Carolina	February 18, 2022 FEC filing	None	Pledged: 10 (5.1%) Convention: 13 (4.5%)	72 (0.4%)	Tanda Blubear
Jorge Zevala		unknown	Businessman	California	October 13, 2023 FEC filing	None	None	18 (0.1%)
Alternate ballot options:
None of the above		N/A				1 (MT)	Pledged: 6 (2.5%) Convention: 10 (3.4%)	505 (2.9%)

Constitution Party

Main article: 2024 Constitution Party presidential primaries

The Constitution Party held its presidential nominating convention on April 24–27, 2024, in Salt Lake City, Utah.

Eight candidates sought the nomination:

• Daniel Clyde Cummings, perennial candidate from Wyoming
• Louis C. Hook from Mississippi
• Brandon McIntyre from Georgia
• Joel Skousen, author and survivalist from Utah
• Ben Stewart
• Randall Terry, author, anti-abortion activist, and Democratic candidate for president in 2012 from Tennessee
• Samm Tittle, perennial candidate
• Paul Venable, nominee for U.S. Senator from Missouri in 2022

Jim Harvey of Georgia (who ultimately did not seek the nomination), Joel Skousen, and Randall Terry participated in an April 6 debate in Dearborn, Michigan.

Terry won the nomination by securing a majority in the first round. The votes largely broke down along geographic lines. Skousen, who is from Utah, received all 61 votes from the delegations of the Four Corners states, but only 19 votes from the rest of the country combined. The only state delegations he carried outside of the region were New Hampshire and West Virginia. Venable won the majority of votes from South Carolina and his home state of Missouri and Daniel Cummings won a plurality in his home state of Wyoming. The remaining ten delegations were all won by Terry.

Pastor and political commentator Stephen Broden, who was running on a ticket with Terry, received the vice presidential nomination via voice vote.

Aside from the presidential nomination, much of the debate at the convention focused on an ultimately defeated amendment by Skousen to remove references to God from the party platform.

2024 Constitution Party Presidential Nomination Vote

Candidate	Votes	Percentage
			Randall Terry	144	54.55%
Joel Skousen	80	30.30%
Paul Venable	32	12.12%
Daniel Cummings	4	1.52%
Brandon McIntyre	2	0.76%
Samm Tittle	2	0.76%
Louis C. Hook	0	0.00%
Ben Stewart	0	0.00%
Total:	264	100.00%
Source:

Constitution Party vice presidential nomination

Candidate	Votes	Percentage
			Stephen Broden	Nominated via Voice Vote
Source:

The Constitution Party received 60,023 votes in the 2020 election.

The Nevada, Utah and Idaho state parties split from the national party and nominated Skousen.

American Independent Party

The American Independent Party held a non-binding presidential preference primary in California on March 5, 2024. James Bradley was the only candidate listed on the ballot and defeated Andrew George Rummel, who was a recognized write-in candidate.

2024 California American Independent primary

Candidate	Votes	Percentage
			James Bradley	45,565	99.96%
Andrew George Rummel (write-in)	16	0.04%
Total:	45,581	100.0%

On April 29, 2024, the party announced that it had nominated independent presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr.

Legal Marijuana Now Party

Main article: 2024 Minnesota Legal Marijuana Now presidential primary

The Legal Marijuana Now Party held its first-ever presidential nomination primary in Minnesota on Super Tuesday, March 5. This was the first presidential primary to be held in Minnesota for a third party since 1916. Krystal Gabel withdrew from the race during Legal Marijuana Now Party's candidate filing discussions. When Gabel asked to be removed from the ballot, after early voting had started on January 19, 2024, the Minnesota Secretary of State's office stated that changes cannot be made to the list of candidates after the list was certified 63 days prior to the election, and Gabel's name remained on ballots.

Five candidates appeared on the ballot:

• Edward Forchion, activist, and candidate for governor of New Jersey in 2021
• Rudy Reyes, archeologist, and national LMN Party chairperson
• Dennis Schuller, Minnesota LMN Party chairperson; former Richfield, Minnesota, municipal planning commission member (2011–2014)
• Vermin Supreme, performance artist, activist, and perennial candidate from Massachusetts; former Libertarian Party Judicial Committee member (2020–2022) (Also running for the Democratic nomination)
• Krystal Gabel, activist, and candidate for governor of Nebraska in 2018 (Withdrew January 26, 2024)

Of Minnesota's three major political parties, all of which included a write in option for their 2024 nominating primaries, only the Legal Marijuana Now party submitted to the Secretary of State a write in name to be counted, singer-songwriter Willie Nelson.

2024 Minnesota Legal Marijuana Now primary

Candidate	Votes	Percentage	Delegates
				Krystal Gabel (withdrawn)	759	28.84%	-
Dennis Schuller	459	17.44%	7
Vermin Supreme	397	15.08%	6
Rudy Reyes	365	13.87%	5
Edward Forchion	168	6.38%	2
Willie Nelson (write-in)	19	0.72%	0
Other write-ins	465	17.67%	-
Total:	2,632	100.00%	20
Source:

Gabel won a plurality of the vote (28.8%), but withdrew ahead of the primary. Of declared candidates, Dennis Schuller finished in the lead, with 17.4%. At the state convention in Bloomington on July 6, Schuller was later chosen as the presidential nominee, with Reyes as his running mate. However, the party lost automatic ballot access in a May 2024 ruling by the Minnesota Supreme Court, meaning party officials would have to petition for ballot access.

The party is also ballot-qualified in Nebraska, but no candidates qualified for the May 14 primary. Instead, the state affiliate party nominated Cornel West.

Peace and Freedom Party

Main article: 2024 United States presidential election in California § Peace and Freedom primary

The Peace and Freedom Party held a non-binding preference primary in California on Super Tuesday, March 5. Claudia De la Cruz, the nominee of the Party for Socialism and Liberation, won the primary with a plurality, defeating Jasmine Sherman and Cornel West. The party's presidential nominee, chosen by the state central committee in August, is Claudia De la Cruz.

2024 California Peace and Freedom primary

Candidate	Votes	Percentage
			Claudia De la Cruz	6,430	47.0%
Cornel West	5,455	39.9%
Jasmine Sherman	1,795	13.1%
Total:	13,680	100.0%

American Solidarity Party

The American Solidarity Party announced on June 2, 2023, that Peter Sonski had won their party's online primary, which lasted from May 24 to June 1. Sonski was nominated in the first round of ranked-choice voting with 52%. Sonski then selected Lauren Onak as his vice president, who was then officially nominated via unanimous consent.

American Solidarity Party presidential nomination

Candidate	Votes	Percentage
			Peter Sonski	328	52.5%
Jacqueline Abernathy	207	33.1
Joe Schriner	50	8.0
Larry Johnson	24	3.8
Erskine Levi	16	2.6
Total:	625	100.00%
Source:

American Solidarity Party vice presidential nomination

Candidate	Votes	Percentage
			Lauren Onak	Nominated via Unanimous Consent
Source:

Approval Voting Party

The Approval Voting Party received 409 votes for president in 2020. It is currently only ballot-approved in Colorado. On March 16, the party nominated Blake Huber for president and Andrea Denault for vice president.

Green Mountain Peace and Justice

The Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party is a regional ballot-qualified party in Vermont which has regularly nominated candidates for president since 1972. It nominated Gloria La Riva, the PSL nominee, in 2020. She received 166 votes in Vermont. On April 28, the party nominated independent candidate Cornel West for president.

Natural Law Party

The Michigan Natural Law Party held its nominating convention on April 17, 2024, where it nominated independent candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. for President and Nicole Shanahan for Vice President. Party chairman Doug Dern claimed fellow independent candidate Cornel West also sought the party's ballot access. Kennedy later attempted to remove his name from the ballot in Michigan, but was blocked in courts.

In 2020, the Michigan party nominated Alliance Party nominee Rocky De La Fuente, who received 2,986 votes in Michigan.

The party is also presidential ballot-qualified in Florida. The Florida party did not nominate a candidate in the 2020 or the 2024 election.

Prohibition Party

The Prohibition Party held its presidential nominating convention on May 8–9, 2023, in Buffalo, New York. Three candidates stood for nomination; Michael Wood was nominated on the first ballot.

Prohibition Party presidential nomination

Candidate	Votes	Percentage
			Michael Wood	8	61.5%
Zack Kusnir	4	30.8%
Scott Baier	0	0.0%
Jay Rockefeller (write-in)	1	7.7%
Total:	13	100.00%
Source:

Prohibition Party vice presidential nomination

Candidate	Votes	Percentage
			John Petrowski	Nominated via Unanimous Consent
Source:

Unity Party

The Bill Hammons-led faction of the Unity Party of America nominated Paul Noel Fiorino and Matthew May for president and vice president respectively at the 7th United National Convention over Google Meet on April 6, 2024.

However, the Colorado faction of the party, which is the only state party with ballot access, met on April 13, 2024, and nominated independent candidate Cornel West for president and his running mate, Melina Abdullah for vice president.

Unity Party of Colorado Presidential Nomination

Candidate	Percentage
		Cornel West	95%
Paul Noel Fiorino	5%
Total:	100.00%
Source:

Withdrew before convention:

• Bill Hammons, co-founder and chairman of the Unity Party; 2020 nominee for president
• Donnie Harold Harris, business owner and write-in candidate for the 2012 Indiana gubernatorial election

The party is currently only ballot-approved in Colorado. In 2020, party co-founder Bill Hammons was on the ballot in three states and received 6,647 votes.

Alliance Party

The Alliance Party received 88,236 votes for president in 2020. It and its affiliates are ballot-qualified in Alaska, Connecticut, and South Carolina.

The Alliance Party of South Carolina nominated Independent Robert F. Kennedy Jr. for its ballot line, but he later withdrew his name from the ballot in South Carolina.

Green Party of Alaska

The Green Party of Alaska is unaffiliated with the Green Party of the United States and is not ballot-qualified in Alaska. The party nominated Jesse Ventura for president in 2020 and received 2,673 votes.

Jasmine Sherman and Tanda BluBear were nominated for president and vice president, respectively.

The party has hosted a series of debates featuring the following candidates seeking the nomination:

• Joseph "Afroman" Foreman, rapper and independent write-in candidate for president;
• Brittany Jones, veteran and unaffiliated write-in candidate for president from Oregon;
• Jasmine Sherman, executive director of Greater Charlotte Rise and candidate in 2024 Green Party presidential primaries, from North Carolina;
• Dashaun "Daví" Davis, activist and candidate for the Green Party presidential nomination;
• Emanuel Pastreich, president of the Asia Institute, academic, author, and withdrawn candidate for the Green Party presidential nomination, from Massachusetts;
• Rollan Roberts, businessman and candidate in 2024 Republican presidential primaries;
• Jay Torres, candidate for Republican presidential nomination;
• Wayne Pope, veteran and candidate in 2024 Democratic Party presidential primaries;
• Suzzanna Tanner, independent write-in candidate for president;
• Susan Buchser-Lochocki, voting rights activist and unregistered write-in candidate for president;

Liberal Party

The Liberal Party, formerly the Association of State Liberty Parties, has qualified state parties in Massachusetts and New Mexico which were, until 2022, affiliated with the national Libertarian Party. These parties received a combined 59,598 votes in 2020.

The Libertarian Association of Massachusetts provided its ballot line to the national Libertarian Party nominees, Chase Oliver and Mike ter Maat. The Libertarian Party of New Mexico ran Laura Ebke and Trisha Butler, the Liberal Party Chair on its ballot line, without any campaign.

Cascade Party

The Cascade Party petitioned to place Krist Novoselić and James Carroll on the ballot in Washington, as that is a requirement to gain state recognition of a new party. Novoselić later withdrew his name from the ballot.

Declined to be candidates

No Labels

Main article: No Labels § 2024 presidential ticket

The following individuals have declined to be candidates for the No Labels unity ticket. On April 4, 2024, the organization announced it would not run a presidential campaign.

• Andy Beshear, Governor of Kentucky (2019–present), Attorney General of Kentucky (2016–2019) (initially endorsed Biden and later endorsed Harris)
• Bill Cassidy, U.S. Senator from Louisiana (2015–present)
• Chris Christie, former Governor of New Jersey (2010–2018), Republican candidate for president in 2016 and 2024
• Nikki Haley, former U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations (2017–2018) and Governor of South Carolina (2011–2017) (ran as a Republican and later endorsed Trump)
• Larry Hogan, former Governor of Maryland (2015–2023) (endorsed Haley; running for U.S. Senate)
• Jon Huntsman Jr., U.S. Ambassador to Russia (2017–2019), U.S. Ambassador to China (2009–2011), Governor of Utah (2005–2009), Republican candidate for president in 2012
• Will Hurd, U.S. Representative from TX-23 (2015–2021) (ran as a Republican; endorsed Haley)
• Joe Manchin, U.S. Senator from West Virginia (2010–present), Governor of West Virginia (2005–2010), West Virginia Secretary of State (2001–2005)
• William H. McRaven, Commander of the United States Special Operations Command (2011–2014) and Chancellor of the University of Texas System (2015–2018)
• Pat McCrory, former Governor of North Carolina (2013–2017), Mayor of Charlotte, North Carolina (1995–2009), candidate for U.S. Senator from North Carolina in 2022
• David Petraeus, Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (2011–2012), commander of the International Security Assistance Force (2010–2011), commander of United States Central Command (2008–2010)
• Dean Phillips, U.S. Representative from MN-03 (2019–present) and CEO of Phillips Distilling Company (2000–2012) (ran as a Democrat; initially endorsed Biden and later endorsed Harris)
• Condoleezza Rice, United States Secretary of State (2005–2009) and United States National Security Advisor (2001–2005)
• Mitt Romney, U.S. Senator from Utah (2019–present), Governor of Massachusetts (2003–2007), Republican candidate for president in 2008 and nominee in 2012
• Kyrsten Sinema, U.S. Senator from Arizona (2019–present), U.S. Representative from AZ-09 (2013–2019)
• Chris Sununu, Governor of New Hampshire (2017–present) (initially endorsed Haley and later endorsed Trump)
• Andrew Yang, co-chair of the Forward Party (2022–present), Democratic candidate for president in 2020 and for mayor of New York City in 2021 (Initially endorsed Phillips, later endorsed Harris)

Third party

The following notable individuals have been the subject of speculation about their possible candidacies, but have publicly denied interest in running.

• Justin Amash, former United States Representative from MI-03 (2011–2021), member of the Michigan House of Representatives from the 72nd district (2009–2011) (ran for U.S. Senate)
• Mark Cuban, investor and entrepreneur (initially endorsed Biden and later endorsed Harris)
• Jamie Dimon, chairman and CEO of JPMorgan Chase
• Howie Hawkins, co-founder of the Green Party and Green/Socialist nominee for president in 2020
• Dwayne Johnson, actor, businessman and professional wrestler
• Vivek Ramaswamy, executive chairman of Strive Asset Management (2022–2023) and CEO of Roivant Sciences (2014–2021) (ran as a Republican; endorsed Trump)
• Dave Smith, stand-up comedian, libertarian political commentator, podcaster

Debates and forums

2024 Free & Equal debates
No.	Date & Time	Location	Participants
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  I  Invitee  N  Not invited  W  Withdrawn  NYD  Not yet declared			Democratic	Republican	Independent	Libertarian	Green	Independent	PSL	Constitution	Others
			Kamala Harris	Donald Trump	Robert F. Kennedy Jr.	Chase Oliver	Jill Stein	Cornel West	Claudia De la Cruz	Randall Terry	See notes
1	February 29, 2024	New York City	NYD	N	A	P	P	A	P	N	P
2	July 12, 2024	Las Vegas	NYD	A	A	P	P	A	N	P	A
3	October 23, 2024	TBD	A	A	W	P	P	A	A	P	N

February 29 debate (New York City)

The Free & Equal Elections Foundation hosted a multiparty debate on February 29, 2024, in New York City, New York moderated by Caitlin Sinclair, Jason Palmer and Christina Tobin. Socialism and Liberation nominee Claudia De la Cruz, Libertarian candidates Chase Oliver and Lars Mapstead, and Green candidates Jill Stein and Jasmine Sherman attended. Independent candidates Robert F. Kennedy Jr. and Cornel West were also invited but did not attend.

2nd Free and Equal Presidential debate
From left to right: Oliver, Stein, and Terry
Date(s)	July 12, 2024
Duration	c. 1 hour and 50 minutes
Location	Las Vegas, Nevada
Participants	Chase Oliver Jill Stein Randall Terry
Footage	[1]Archived July 16, 2024, at the Wayback Machine
Moderator(s)	Christina Tobin and Thomas Massie

July 12 debate (Las Vegas)

Free and Equal hosted a second debate on July 12, 2024, at FreedomFest in Las Vegas, Nevada moderated by the foundation's chair, Christina Tobin and congressman Thomas Massie.

Candidates invited to the debate were: Biden, Kennedy, Oliver, Stein, Terry, Trump, and West. Oliver, Stein, and Terry participated.

September 18 debate (Los Angeles) (cancelled)

A third debate was scheduled for September 18 in Los Angeles, but it was cancelled and rescheduled for October.

October 23 debate (Hollywood)

Oliver, Stein, and Terry participated in their final debate of the campaign trail on October 23.

Forums

The Muslim Civic Coalition hosted a forum featuring Jill Stein and Cornel West on February 3 in Oak Brook, Illinois. The organization claimed all presidential candidates were invited to attend.

The Abandon Biden movement held an online forum on June 13 featuring Jill Stein, Cornel West, and Claudia de la Cruz focused on promoting "pro-Palestine" candidates for President.

Ballot access

Main article: Ballot access in the 2024 United States presidential election

Polling

Main articles: Nationwide opinion polling for the 2024 United States presidential election and Statewide opinion polling for the 2024 United States presidential election

Aggregate polls

This table will only include polling aggregates that track at least one third-party candidate.

Poll source	Since	As of	Kamala Harris DEM	Donald Trump GOP	Robert F. Kennedy Jr IND	Jill Stein GRN	Cornel West IND	Margin
538	July 24, 2024	August 9, 2024	45.5%	43.4%	5.1%	–	–	Harris +2.0%
RCP	July 22, 2024	August 9, 2024	45.3%	44.5%	5.5%	0.9%	0.6%	Harris +0.8%
TH/DDHQ	July 7, 2024	August 9, 2024	46.7%	43.5%	3.4%	–	–	Harris +3.2%
SB	July 1, 2024	August 9, 2024	46.3%	43.9%	4.1%	–	–	Harris +2.4%
RTTWH	July 8, 2024	August 9, 2024	45.7%	43.5%	5.4%	0.8%	0.5%	Harris +2.2%
NYT	July 17, 2024	August 9, 2024	45%	43%	5%	–	–	Harris +2%

See also

• 2024 Republican Party presidential candidates
• 2024 Democratic Party presidential candidates
• 2024 United States presidential election
• Timeline of the 2024 United States presidential election

External links

• View all third party and independent candidates filed with the Federal Election Commission