From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The list of shipwrecks in July 1863 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during July 1863 .
List of shipwrecks: 6 July 1863
Ship
State
Description
Express
United States
American Civil War , CSS Alabama's South Atlantic Expeditionary Raid : The 1,072-ton full-rigged ship , sailing from Callao , Peru, to Antwerp , Belgium, with a cargo of guano , was captured and burned in the South Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Brazil at 28°28′S 30°07′W / 28.467°S 30.117°W / -28.467; -30.117 (Express ) by the screw sloop-of-war CSS Alabama ( Confederate States Navy ).[ 4] [ 5] [ 17]
Mantura
United Kingdom
The ship ran aground at Milford Haven , Pembrokeshire . She was on a voyage from Cardiff , Glamorgan to Barcelona , Spain.[ 16] She was refloated on 30 July.[ 18]
Nueva Celesta
Spain
The steamship ran aground on the Goodwin Sands , Kent , United Kingdom . She was on a voyage from Bilbao to a Norwegian port. She was refloated and taken in to The Downs .[ 12]
Pride of the Yarra
New Zealand
The steamer, bearing 50 passengers from Port Chalmers to Dunedin who had just arrived in the colony from Great Britain, collided with the paddle steamer Favourite near Sawyers Bay . The Pride of the Yarra was heavily holed and sank quickly. Twelve lives were lost, including Rev. Thomas Campbell, newly appointed rector of Otago Boys' High School , and his entire family.[ 19]
List of shipwrecks: 8 July 1863
Ship
State
Description
Almira
United States
The 84-foot-3-inch (25.68 m), 80.35-gross register ton scow schooner was dismasted and capsized on Lake Ontario with the loss of all hands. She was recovered, repaired, and returned to service.[ 25]
Broomielaw
United Kingdom
The ship was wrecked in the Bassein River .[ 26]
Constitution
United States
American Civil War : The barque , captured in the Atlantic Ocean by the merchant raider CSS Georgia ( Confederate States Navy ) on 25 June on the 48th day of a voyage from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania , to Shanghai , China , with a cargo of coal , was used for target practice by Georgia ′s gunners, set alight, and destroyed by the resulting fire.[ 27] [ 28] [ 29] [ 30]
Flying Fish
New Zealand
The schooner sailed from Napier , New Zealand, for Auckland with six people on board, and was not sighted again.[ 31]
Princesza de Torrevieja
Spain
The ship departed from Buenos Aires , Argentina for the English Channel . No further trace, presumed foundered with the loss of all hands.[ 32]
Rienzi
United States
American Civil War: The whaler , a schooner returning from a whaling expedition to the South Pacific Ocean carrying a cargo of whale oil , was captured and burned in the Atlantic Ocean within 50 nautical miles (93 km; 58 mi) of New York by the screw sloop-of-war CSS Florida ( Confederate States Navy ).[ 33] [ 5] [ 34]
Sovereign of India
India
The troopship was driven ashore in the Yangtze near Woosung , China . She was on a voyage from Bombay to Shanghai , China. She had been refloated by 15 July.[ 35] [ 36]
Toimi
Grand Duchy of Finland
The brig collided with UK screwsteamer Cronstadt and sank off Hogland , Russia with the loss of a crew member. She was on a voyage from Lübeck to Hamina , Grand Duchy of Finland .[ 37] [ 38] [ 39]
William B. Nash
United States
American Civil War: The brig , carrying a cargo of lard , was captured and burned in the North Atlantic Ocean off New York by the screw sloop-of-war CSS Florida ( Confederate States Navy ).[ 33] [ 5] [ 40]
List of shipwrecks: 11 July 1863
Ship
State
Description
Atahualpa
United Kingdom
The barque struck the Buey Rock, in Valparaíso Bay. She was on a voyage from Liverpool , Lancashire to Valparaíso , Chile. She consequently foundered on 14 July.[ 45]
James Crossfield
United Kingdom
The full-rigged ship was driven ashore at Canterbury Point, India . She was on a voyage from Liverpool , Lancashire to Calcutta , India. She was refloated and completed her voyage.[ 46]
Lorentze
British North America
The ship was wrecked near Cape St. Lawrence, Cape Breton Island , Nova Scotia . She was on a voyage from Buctouche , New Brunswick to Liverpool , Lancashire .[ 47]
Trinidad
British North America
The ship was run ashore in the Turks Islands . She was refloated the next day.[ 22]
List of shipwrecks: 14 July 1863
Ship
State
Description
Augustine
Belgium
The brigantine was wrecked at "Bisano".[ 56]
Electra
United States
The 348-ton whaling ship was wrecked on Nunivak Island in the Bering Sea (Some reports place her loss in the Aleutian Islands on either Ugamak Island or Unimak Island ).[ 57]
Joseph Meigs
United States
The ship ran ground on Fowey Rocks , Florida and was wrecked.[ 58]
Llan Rumney
United Kingdom
The ship ran aground on the Saugor Flat.[ 46]
CSS Magnolia
Confederate States Navy
American Civil War : The 824-ton sidewheel paddle steamer was burned by Confederate forces on the Yazoo River 4 to 5 nautical miles (7.4 to 9.3 km) above Yazoo City, Mississippi , to prevent her capture by approaching United States Navy gunboats .[ 5] [ 59] [ 60]
CSS Mary E. Keene
Confederate States Navy
American Civil War: The 659-ton sidewheel paddle steamer was scuttled by Confederate forces at the foot of French Bend in the Yazoo River either near Yazoo City or 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) below Greenwood, Mississippi to prevent her capture by approaching United States Navy gunboats . Union forces burned the portion of the wreck above the waterline on 24 July.[ 5] [ 61] [ 62]
Montézuma
French Navy
The paddle frigate was wrecked in the Goatzacoalcos River, Mexico. The wreck was burnt on 27 July.[ 63] [ 64]
CSS Peytona
Confederate States Navy
American Civil War: The 685-ton sidewheel paddle steamer was burned and scuttled by Confederate forces in the Yazoo River at Eureka Landing near Satartia , to prevent her capture by United States Navy gunboats .[ 5] [ 65] [ 66]
CSS Prince of Wales
Confederate States Navy
American Civil War: The 572-ton sidewheel paddle steamer was burned by Confederate forces on the Yazoo River opposite Andrews Landing near Yazoo City, Mississippi, to prevent her capture by United States Navy gunboats .[ 5] [ 67] [ 66]
USS Sciota
United States Navy
American Civil War: The gunboat collided with the screw steamer USS Antona ( United States Navy ) on the Mississippi River in Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana , Confederate States of America about 8 nautical miles (15 km) above Quarantine Station and sank. She was refloated in late August, repaired, and returned to service.
Superb
United Kingdom
The schooner was wrecked at Thisted , Denmark with the loss of four of her six crew. She was on a voyage from Newcastle upon Tyne , Northumberland to Memel , Prussia .[ 68]
List of shipwrecks: 16 July 1863
Ship
State
Description
Capital
United Kingdom
The ship foundered in the North Sea . She was on a voyage from Hartlepool , County Durham to Cronstadt , Russia .[ 71] [ 72]
Kosei
Japan
Prelude to the Shimonoseki Campaign , Battle of Shimonoseki Straits : The brig was sunk in the Shimonoseki Straits by USS Wyoming ( United States Navy ).[ 70]
Koshin
Japan
Koshin Prelude to the Shimonoseki Campaign, Battle of Shimonoseki: The steamship was sunk in the Shimonoseki Straits by USS Wyoming ( United States Navy ).[ 70]
Iberia
United Kingdom
The ship was abandoned in the Dogger Bank with the loss of a crew member. She was on a voyage from Sunderland, County Durham to Cronstadt , Russia .[ 69]
Jane and Isabella
United Kingdom
The snow foundered in the North Sea . Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Sunderland to Cronstadt.[ 73] [ 72]
John and Ann
United Kingdom
The ship ran aground off Lowestoft , Suffolk . She was on a voyage from Newcastle upon Tyne , Northumberland to Rotterdam , South Holland , Netherlands. She was refloated and put in to Lowestoft in a leaky condition.[ 69]
List of shipwrecks: 18 July 1863
Ship
State
Description
Alice Hawthorn , andNouveau Luminy
United Kingdom France
The barque Alice Hawthorn and the full-rigged ship Nouveau Luminy collided in the Mediterranean Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) south of Marbella , Spain and both foundered without loss of life. Five crew of Nouveau Luminy reached Málaga , Spain in a yawl . Seven crew of Alice Hawthorn and six crew of Nouveau Luminy took to a boat and were rescued by Emil ( Kingdom of Hanover ). Three crew of Alice Hawthorn and eleven crew of Nouveau Luminy took to a boat and were rescued by Storforts Constantine ( Russia ). Alice Hawthorn was on a voyage from Constanţa , Ottoman Empire to Falmouth, Cornwall . Nouveau Luminy was on a voyage from Cocanada , India to Marseille , Bouches-du-Rhône .[ 78] [ 79]
Carmen
Spain
The ship departed from Matanzas , Cuba for Falmouth, Cornwall , United Kingdom . No further trace, presumed foundered with the loss of all hands.[ 80]
George Peabody
United States
American Civil War : The ship was aground at Mathias Point , Virginia , Confederate States of America .[ 5]
Hartford City
Confederate States of America
American Civil War: The steamboat was burned by Confederate forces on either the Tallahatchie River or Yazoo River in Mississippi to prevent her capture by Union forces.[ 81]
List of shipwrecks: 19 July 1863
Ship
State
Description
Boreas
British North America
The brigantine was wrecked on Shag Harbour Island. She was on a voyage from New York , United States to Halifax, Nova Scotia .[ 47]
Marklands
British North America
The schooner ran aground on the Gordon Sands. She was on a voyage from South Shields , County Durham to Pará , Brazil . She was refloated and put in to Ramsgate , Kent in a leaky condition.[ 69]
Raccoon
United Kingdom
American Civil War , Union blockade : The crew of the 159-register ton sidewheel paddle steamer ran her aground on Drunken Dick Shoal near Moultrie House on the coast of South Carolina , Confederate States of America after the screw sloop-of-war USS Canandaigua ( United States Navy ) intercepted her as she tried to run the Union blockade from Nassau, Bahamas into Charleston, South Carolina , with a cargo of lead . The broadside ironclad USS New Ironsides ( United States Navy ) shelled her. Raccoon ′s crew burned her on 20 July to prevent her capture by Union forces.[ 5] [ 82]
List of shipwrecks: 20 July 1863
Ship
State
Description
Cambria
United Kingdom
The ship was driven ashore at Matane , Province of Canada , British North America .[ 47]
Caribou
United Kingdom
The full-rigged ship was destroyed by fire 360 nautical miles (670 km) north west of Saint Vincent . Her 26 crew took to two boats. They were rescued by a British and a Dutch barque . She was on a voyage from Liverpool , Lancashire to Bombay , India .[ 83] [ 84]
Caroline
United Kingdom
The ship ran aground in the Saint Lawrence River downstream of Trois-Rivières , Province of Canada. She was on a voyage from Trois-Rivières to Liverpool.[ 47] She had been refloated by 31 July.[ 22]
Colonel Hill
Confederate States of America
American Civil War : The steamer was boarded and burned on the Tar River near Tarboro, North Carolina , by men of the 12th New York Cavalry Regiment ( Union Army ).[ 85] [ 86]
Governor Morehead
Confederate States of America
American Civil War : The sternwheel paddle steamer was destroyed by Union Army forces in North Carolina in the vicinity of the Neuse and Pamlico Rivers , or on the Tar River at Tarboro.[ 87] [ 86]
Lisbon
United Kingdom
The ship was destroyed by fire in the Atlantic Ocean . Her crew survived. She was on a voyage from Liverpool to Bombay.[ 88]
Little Dorrit
United Kingdom
The schooner was wrecked on the coast of New Jersey , United States. Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Cienfuegos , Cuba to New York , United States.[ 89]
Psyche
United Kingdom
The ship ran aground in the Atlantic Ocean 34 nautical miles (63 km) east of Sulina , Brazil and was abandoned by her crew. She was on a voyage from Swansea to Pará , Brazil.[ 90]
William J. Romer
United States
The pilot-boat was wrecked off Barnegat Bay . She struck a submerged rock and sank, with the loss of one pilot. The Romer Shoal Light in New York Harbor was named for the Romer that sank there.[ 91]
Unnamed ironclad
Confederate States of America
American Civil War : The incomplete ironclad warship , known informally as the "Tar River Ironclad," was captured and destroyed by the 3rd New York Cavalry Regiment ( Union Army ) while still on the building ways at Tarboro.[ 92]
List of shipwrecks: 21 July 1863
Ship
State
Description
Alfredo
Portugal
The ship was wrecked at Lisbon . Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from São Miguel Island , Azores to Lisbon.[ 93]
Atlanta
United Kingdom
The ship was abandoned in the North Sea off Whitby , Yorkshire . She was on a voyage from Sunderland, County Durham to Whitby.[ 10]
Hunter
United Kingdom
The ship ran aground in the Baltic Sea . She was on a voyage from Stettin to Leith , Lothian . She was refloated and put in to Helsingør , Denmark in a leaky condition.[ 94]
Revenge
Confederate States of America
American Civil War , Union blockade : The 20-ton schooner , carrying a cargo of sugar , hides , and mineral salts , was captured and destroyed at Sabine Pass , Louisiana several miles above the Calcasieu Pass Bar by boat crews from the gunboats USS Cayuga and USS Owasco (both United States Navy ).[ 5] [ 95]
Torquay
United Kingdom
The schooner was driven ashore at Seaham , County Durham .[ 72]
List of shipwrecks: 23 July 1863
Ship
State
Description
Elizabeth
United Kingdom
The ship ran aground on the Lymington Spit, in the Solent . She was on a voyage from the River Tyne to Cork . She was refloated.[ 72]
List of shipwrecks: 25 July 1863
Ship
State
Description
Boston
United States
The 395-ton sidewheel paddle steamer burned at Moore′s Bar on the Ohio River near Portsmouth, Ohio .[ 20]
Clarence
United Kingdom
The ship was severely damaged by fire at Dartmouth, Devon . She was on a voyage from Newcastle upon Tyne , Northumberland to Oporto , Portugal.[ 99]
Conceicão
Portugal
The ship collided with the steamships Iberia (Flag unknown) and Frankfort ( United Kingdom ) and was abandoned in the Atlantic Ocean . She was on a voyage from Terceira Island , Azores to Boston, Massachusetts , United States.[ 56]
H. D. Mears , orH. Meares
Confederate States of America
American Civil War : The 338-ton sidewheel paddle steamer was scuttled by Confederate forces in the Sunflower River near Yazoo City, Mississippi , to prevent her capture by United States Navy forces.[ 5] [ 100] [ 101]
Martha
Netherlands
The ship foundered in the Baltic Sea off "Seskoe". Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Saint Petersburg , Russia to Stockholm , Sweden.[ 102] [ 103]
Pallion
United Kingdom
The brig ran aground on the Middelgrunden, near Copenhagen , Denmark.[ 102] [ 103]
Trim
United Kingdom
The barque ran aground on the Lymington Spit, in the Solent . She was on a voyage from Southampton , Hampshire to the Bristol Channel . She was refloated and put in to Lymington , Hampshire.[ 103]
List of shipwrecks: 27 July 1863
Ship
State
Description
Abana
British North America
The brig was abandoned in the Atlantic Ocean . Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Belfast , County Antrim to Saint John, New Brunswick .[ 105] [ 106]
Corsair
United Kingdom
The brig was driven ashore on Dagö , Russia . She was on a voyage from Hartlepool , County Durham to Cronstadt , Russia. She had been refloated by 4 August.[ 72] [ 107]
Flavia
United Kingdom
The ship departed from New York for Queenstown, County Cork or Falmouth, Cornwall . No further trace, presumed foundered with the loss of all hands.[ 108]
George Sand
United States
The ship was wrecked on the Pratas Shoal, in the South China Sea in a typhoon . All on board survived. She was on a voyage from San Francisco , California to Hong Kong .[ 76]
Laurel
United Kingdom
The brig was driven ashore on Skagen , Denmark. She was on a voyage from Middlesbrough , Yorkshire to Cronstadt. She was consequently condemned.[ 107]
Rose
United Kingdom
The barque was driven ashore on Malta and sank. She was on a voyage from Sunderland, County Durham to Malta.[ 102] She was condemned.[ 47] [ 97]
List of shipwrecks: 28 July 1863
Ship
State
Description
Hildur
United Kingdom
The ship departed from New York , United States for Hayle , Cornwall . No further trace, presumed foundered with the loss of all hands.[ 108]
Jane
United Kingdom
The brig was driven ashore and sank at Staithes , Yorkshire . She was on a voyage from Hartlepool , County Durham to London .[ 98] [ 18]
Paris
United Kingdom
The paddle steamer was approaching Saint Helier harbour on Jersey in the Channel Islands at the end of a voyage from Saint-Malo , France , with 24 passengers and 12 tons of cargo, chiefly butter and eggs, aboard under the control of a pilot when she struck on a rock known as Grune Vaudin. The engines were immediately stopped and at once set for astern and the lifeboats were ordered lowered. Ten minutes after the vessel struck, she went down in 30 feet (9 m) of water.[ 109] [ 110] [ 102] Survivors were rescued by Wonder ( United Kingdom ).[ 111]
Unidentified vessels
Confederate States of America
American Civil War , Union blockade : Various vessels were destroyed at New Smyrna, Florida , by the schooner USS Beauregard , the sidewheel paddle steamer USS Oleander , and boats from the schooner USS Para and the gunboat USS Sagamore (all United States Navy ).
List of shipwrecks: 31 July 1863
Ship
State
Description
Hawthorn
United Kingdom
The brig was wrecked near Main-à-Dieu , Cape Breton Island , Nova Scotia , British North America . She was on a voyage from Lisbon , Portugal to Miramichi , New Brunswick , British North America.[ 112] [ 113]
Janus
Bremen
The ship was wrecked in Palomas Bay. She was on a voyage from Bremen to Tenerife , Canary Islands .[ 2]
Steadfast
United Kingdom
The barque ran aground off "Isle-au-Bois", Labrador , British North America. She was on a voyage from Quebec City , Province of Canada , British North America to Newcastle upon Tyne , Northumberland . She was consequently condemned.[ 114]
Tasmania
United Kingdom
The ship ran aground on the Burbo Bank, in Liverpool Bay . She was on a voyage from Calcutta , India to Liverpool , Lancashire . She was refloated and towed in to Liverpool.[ 115]
List of shipwrecks: Unknown date in July 1863
Ship
State
Description
Adriana
United Kingdom
The ship was driven ashore on Seal Island , Nova Scotia , British North America before 22 July. She was on a voyage from Saint John's, Newfoundland , British North America to Liverpool , Lancashire . Adriana was refloated and put back to Saint John's in a waterlogged condition.[ 18] [ 21]
Amanda
United Kingdom
The ship was wrecked near "Lerwig", Denmark. She was on a voyage from Amsterdam , North Holland , Netherlands to Helsinki , Grand Duchy of Finland .[ 116]
Ben McCulloch
Confederate States of America
American Civil War : The sternwheel paddle steamer was burned on Tchula Lake , Mississippi by Confederate States Army cavalry to prevent her capture by Union forces.[ 117]
Boreas
United Kingdom
The ship was wrecked on Cape Sable Island , Nova Scotia before 18 July. She was on a voyage from New York , United States to Halifax, Nova Scotia .[ 118]
Cotton Plant
Confederate States of America
American Civil War: The sternwheel paddle steamer was burned on the Tallahatchie River in Mississippi to prevent her capture by Union forces.[ 119]
Dispatch
British North America
The brigantine was wrecked on a reef off Anegada , Virgin Islands before 21 July. Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Port Medway, Nova Scotia to Puerto Rico.[ 22] [ 105]
CSS Hart
Confederate States Army
American Civil War: Scuttled in Grand Lake in the vicinity of Camp Bisland on Bayou Teche in Louisiana on 14 April 1863 to prevent her capture by Union forces, the 175-ton ironclad sidewheel paddle steamer had almost been refloated by Confederate forces when she was scuttled again upon the appearance of U.S. Navy gunboats .[ 120] [ 121]
Hong Kong
Netherlands
The barque foundered before 29 July.[ 122]
Index
United Kingdom
The ship was abandoned in the Atlantic Ocean. Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Havana , Cuba to Liverpool.[ 18]
Industry
United Kingdom
The ship was wrecked on the Isle of Whithorn , Wigtownshire . She was on a voyage from Maryport , Cumberland to Belfast , County Antrim .[ 123]
J. S. Mort
United Kingdom
The steamship was abandoned in the Pacific Ocean before 15 July. She was on a voyage from Hokianga , New Zealand to Sydney , New South Wales .[ 124]
Kentucky
United States
The brig was run into by RMS China ( United Kingdom and sank at New York. Her crew survived.[ 118]
Petrel
Tobago
The drogher struck rocks and was wrecked at Tobago.[ 116]
HMS Racoon
Royal Navy
The Pearl -class corvette ran aground in Loch Ness and was damaged. Subsequently repaired at Portsmouth , Hampshire .[ 125]
Stag
United Kingdom
The ship was driven ashore at "Hock". She was on a voyage from Newcastle upon Tyne , Northumberland to Harfleur , Seine-Inférieure , France.[ 24]
Three Brothers
Grand Duchy of Finland
The schooner ran aground in the Baltic Sea . She was on a voyage from Alafors , Sweden to Dundee , Forfarshire , United Kingdom . She was refloated and put in to Öregrund , Sweden, where she arrived on 26 July in a severely leaky condition.[ 21]
Toulon
Chile
The barque was driven ashore at Coronel . Her crew were rescued.[ 45]
Traveller
United Kingdom
The ship was wrecked at Berbice , British Guiana . She was on a voyage from Pará , Brazil to Jamaica.[ 116]
Urgent
United Kingdom
The ship was driven ashore near Métis-sur-Mer , Province of Canada , British North America before 5 July. She was on a voyage from Quebec City , Province of Canada to Caernarfon . She was consequently condemned,[ 22] but was refloated on 29 August and taken in to Malta.[ 126]
Victor Jules
France
The ship was lost in the Raz de Sein . She was on a voyage from Paimbœuf , Loire-Inférieure to Cardiff , Glamorgan , United Kingdom.[ 16]
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4846. Liverpool. 21 August 1863.
^ a b "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4850. Liverpool. 26 August 1863.
^ a b c d "Marine Intelligence". Newcastle Courant . No. 9837. Newcastle upon Tyne. 10 July 1863.
^ a b Ahoy - Mac's Web Log "Marauders of the Sea, Confederate Merchant Raiders During the American Civil War: CSS Alabama. 1862-1864. Captain Raphael Semmes"
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q usnlp.org Navy Chronology of the Civil War, July-December 1863
^ Gaines, p. 12.
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4804. Liverpool. 3 July 1863.
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4805. Liverpool. 4 July 1863.
^ "Wreck of a Steamer off Ventnor". The Standard . No. 12136. London. 4 July 1863. p. 7.
^ a b c d "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard . No. 12151. London. 22 July 1863. p. 7.
^ Gaines, p. 193.
^ a b "Ship News". The Times . No. 24604. London. 7 July 1863. col E, p. 12.
^ Thomas Evans, Richard John Thomas (19 November 1866). "To the Editors of the Liverpool Mercury". Liverpool Mercury . No. 5868. Liverpool.
^ Gaines, p. 172.
^ Gaines, p. 68.
^ a b c "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4807. Liverpool. 7 July 1863.
^ Gaines, p. 23.
^ a b c d "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard . No. 12162. London. 4 August 1863. p. 7.
^ Ingram & Wheatley, pp. 90–91.
^ a b Gaines, p. 134.
^ a b c "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard . No. 12168. London. 11 August 1863. p. 7.
^ a b c d e "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard . No. 12172. London. 15 August 1863. p. 7.
^ "Yarmouth". Isle of Wight Observer . No. 567. Ryde. 11 July 1863.
^ a b "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4812. Liverpool. 13 July 1863.
^ Wisconsin Shipwrecks: ALMIRA Accessed 5 July 2021
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Glasgow Herald . No. 7377. Glasgow. 1 September 1863.
^ usnlp.org Navy Chronology of the Civil War, January-June 1863
^ Gaines, p. 13.
^ Ahoy - Mac's Web Log "Marauders of the Sea, Confederate Merchant Raiders During the American Civil War: CSS Georgia. 1863. Captain William Lewis Maury"
^ wrecksite.eu SV Constitution (+1863)
^ a b Ingram & Wheatley, p. 91.
^ "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard . No. 12288. London. 29 December 1863. p. 7.
^ a b Ahoy - Mac's Web Log "Marauders of the Sea, Confederate Merchant Raiders During the American Civil War: CSS Florida. 1862-1863. Captain John Newland Maffitt. CSS Florida. 1864. Captain Charles M. Morris"
^ Gaines, p. 101.
^ "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard . No. 12194. London. 10 September 1863.
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Caledonian Mercury . No. 23146. Edinburgh. 11 September 1863.
^ "Ship News". The Times . No. 24630. London. 7 August 1863. col F, p. 10.
^ I Sjöassuransföreningen i Finland Bolagstämmoprotokoll 1859-1871
^ "11.8.1863 Åbo Underrättelser no 94, s. 3" .
^ Gaines, p. 110.
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4816. Liverpool. 17 July 1863.
^ "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard . No. 12334. London. 20 February 1864.
^ Gaines, p. 47.
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4839. Liverpool. 13 August 1863.
^ a b "The West India, Pacific, and Mexica Mails". Morning Post . No. 27986. London. 28 August 1863. p. 2.
^ a b "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4845. Liverpool. 20 August 1863.
^ a b c d e "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4831. Liverpool. 4 August 1863.
^ "Ship News". The Times . No. 24630. London. 6 August 1863. col F, p. 10.
^ Gaines, pp. 82-83.
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Hull Packet . No. 4103. Hull. 11 September 1863.
^ Naval History and Heritage Command: Confederate Ships: Edward J. Gay
^ a b Gaines, p. 84.
^ Gaines, p. 151.
^ Gaines, p. 137.
^ Gaines, p. 76.
^ a b "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4840. Liverpool. 14 August 1863.
^ alaskashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (E)
^ Shipwrecks of Florida: A comprehensive listing . Pineapple Press/Googlebooks. 1998. ISBN 9781561641635 . Retrieved 27 May 2020 .
^ Naval History and Heritage Command: Confederate Ships: Magnolia
^ Gaines, p. 86.
^ Naval History and Heritage Command: Confederate Ships: Mary E
^ Gaines, p. 87.
^ Chesneau, Roger, and Eugene M. Kolesnik, Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860-1905 , New York: Mayflower Books, 1979, ISBN 0-8317-0302-4 , p. 285.
^ "Paddle frigates (450 nhp, converted packets)" . Shipscribe. Retrieved 22 March 2020 .
^ Naval History and Heritage Command: Confederate Ships: Peytona
^ a b Gaines, p. 88.
^ Naval History and Heritage Command: Confederate Ships: Prince of Wales
^ "Ship News". The Times . No. 24612. London. 16 July 1863. col E, p. 12.
^ a b c d e f g "Marine Intelligence". Newcastle Courant . No. 9839. Newcastle upon Tyne. 24 July 1863.
^ a b c "Important from Japan". Freeman's Journal . Dublin. 21 September 1863.
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4820. Liverpool. 22 July 1863.
^ a b c d e f g "Marine Intelligence". Newcastle Courant . July 1863.
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4824. Liverpool. 27 July 1863.
^ Gaines, p. 82.
^ Naval History and Heritage Command: Confederate Ships: Ferd Kennet
^ a b "Ship News". The Times . No. 24675. London. 28 September 1863. col F, p. 6.
^ "Ship News". The Times . No. 24701. London. 28 October 1863. col F, p. 11.
^ "Fatal Collision at Sea". The Times . No. 24621. London. 27 July 1863. col F, p. 11.
^ "The Bombay and Mauritius Mails". The Times . No. 24633. London. 10 August 1863. col F, p. 7.
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4924. Liverpool. 20 November 1863.
^ Naval History and Heritage Command: Confederate Ships: Hartford City
^ Gaines p. 154.
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4842. Liverpool. 17 August 1863.
^ "General Domestic News". Hampshire Telegraph . No. 3336. Portsmouth. 12 September 1863.
^ Naval History and Heritage Command: Confederate Ships: Colonel Hill
^ a b Gaines, p. 116.
^ Naval History and Heritage Command: Confederate Ships: Governor Morehead
^ "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard . No. 12173. London. 17 August 1863. p. 8.
^ "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard . No. 12181. London. 26 August 1863. p. 7.
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4872. Liverpool. 21 September 1863.
^ Mirza, Umair (1 November 2008). Encyclopedia of Civil War Shipwrecks . New York, New York. p. 142. Retrieved 10 October 2020 . {{cite book }}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link )
^ Gaines, p. 132
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4822. Liverpool. 24 July 1863.
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Caledonian Mercury . No. 23103. Edinburgh. 23 July 1863.
^ Gaines, p. 73.
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Belfast News-Letter . No. 25633. Belfast. 22 August 1863.
^ a b "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard . No. 12178. London. 22 August 1863. p. 7.
^ a b "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard . No. 12161. London. 3 August 1863.
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Caledonian Mercury . No. 23109. Edinburgh. 30 July 1863.
^ Naval History and Heritage Command: Confederate Ships: H. D. Mears
^ Gaines, p. 85.
^ a b c d "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4826. Liverpool. 29 July 1863.
^ a b c "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard . No. 12157. London. 29 July 1863. p. 7.
^ "Naval Disasters Since 1860". Hampshire Telegraph . No. 4250. Portsmouth. 10 May 1873.
^ a b c "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard . No. 12186. London. 1 September 1863. p. 8.
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Caledonian Mercury . No. 23139. Edinburgh. 3 September 1863.
^ a b "Marine Intelligence". Newcastle Courant . No. 9842. Newcastle upon Tyne. 14 August 1863.
^ a b c "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard . No. 12247. London. 11 November 1863. p. 7.
^ "PSS Paris [+1863]" . wrecksite.eu.
^ YvesDufiel (2008). Dictionnaire des naufrages dans la Manche (in French).
^ "Total Loss of the Steamer Paris". Belfast News-Letter . No. 15618. Belfast. 30 July 1863.
^ "America". Daily News . No. 3126. London. 17 August 1863.
^ "Latest from America". Glasgow Herald . No. 7364. Glasgow. 21 August 1863.
^ "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard . No. 12182. London. 27 August 1863. p. 8.
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Glasgow Herald . No. 7351. Glasgow. 1 August 1863.
^ a b c "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4815. Liverpool. 16 July 1863.
^ Naval History and Heritage Command: Confederate Ships: Ben McCulloch
^ a b "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4827. Liverpool. 30 July 1863.
^ Naval History and Heritage Command: Confederate Ships: Cotton Plant
^ Naval History and Heritage Command: Confederate Ships: Hart
^ Gaines, p. 66.
^ "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard . No. 12192. London. 8 September 1863. p. 8.
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Caledonian Mercury . Edinburgh. 17 July 1863.
^ "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury . No. 4893. Liverpool. 16 October 1863.
^ "HMS Racoon (1857)" . Davis. Retrieved 19 April 2020 .
^ "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard . No. 12185. London. 31 August 1863. p. 8.
Gaines, W. Craig, Encyclopedia of Civil War Shipwrecks , Louisiana State University Press, 2008 Archived 29 November 2010 at the Wayback Machine , ISBN 978-0-8071-3274-6 .
Ingram, C. W. N., and Wheatley, P. O., (1936) Shipwrecks: New Zealand disasters 1795–1936. Dunedin, NZ: Dunedin Book Publishing Association.
Shipwrecks 1860–69, by month
1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869