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Henley Passport Index

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Henley Passport Index
Type of site
Passport guidance
Available inEnglish, Chinese, French, Spanish, Arabic and Russian
HeadquartersLondon[1]
Country of originUnited Kingdom
OwnerHenley & Partners
URLwww.henleypassportindex.com
CommercialYes
RegistrationNone
Launched2005; 19 years ago (2005)[2]
Current statusOnline

The Henley Passport Index is a global ranking of countries according to the travel freedom allowed by those countries' ordinary passports for their citizens.[3] It was launched in 2005 as Henley & Partners Visa Restrictions Index[4] and was updated to Henley Passport Index in January 2018.[5]

The index annually ranks 199 passports of the world by the number of countries that their holders can travel to without requiring a visa.[6] The number of countries that a specific passport can access becomes its visa-free "score". The data is obtained from the International Air Transport Association (IATA)'s[7] Timatic documentation requirements database.[4][8]

Definition of the index

[edit]

The Henley Passport index ranks passports according to the number of destinations that can be reached using a particular country's ordinary passport without the need of a prior visa ("visa-free").[9][10][11] The survey ranks 199 passports against 227 destination[12] countries, territories, and micro-states.[13][14][15]

The IATA maintains a database of travel information worldwide and all destinations that are in the IATA database are considered by the index.[16] However, because not all territories issue passports, there are far fewer passports ranked than destinations about which queries are made.[17]

Method

[edit]

To determine the score for each country or territory,[18] its passport is checked against the IATA Timatic database in several steps:

  1. Each of the 199 passports on the list is checked against all 227 possible travel destinations for which travel restriction information exists in the IATA database. The score is updated throughout the year.[19]
  2. Each query must satisfy certain conditions:
    • passport is issued in the country of nationality
    • passport holder is an adult citizen of the country that issued the passport and a lone traveller, not part of a tourist group
    • entry is sought for tourism or business
    • the stay is a minimum of three days
  3. Further conditions:
    • queries are made only for holders of normal passports, not diplomatic, service, emergency, or temporary passports; and other travel documents are disregarded
    • passport holders need not meet any complex requirements for entry (for example, possessing a government-issued letter, translations, or empty pages)
    • passport holders have all necessary vaccinations and certificates
    • passport holders are arriving at and departing from the same airport
    • passport holders are seeking a short stay rather than a transit
    • the port of entry is a major city or capital, in cases where this is required
    • requirements by the destination country or territory regarding a particular length of validity of passports are disregarded
    • passport holders meet all basic requirements for entry (for example, holding a hotel reservation or having proof of sufficient funds or return tickets)
    • advance passenger information and advance approval to board are not considered to be a visa requirement or travel restriction, neither is the requirement to pay airport tax
  4. If no visa is required for passport holders from a particular country or territory to enter the destination, then that passport scores 1. The passport also scores 1 if a visa on arrival, a visitor's permit, or an automatically approved electronic travel authority (ETA) can be obtained because they do not require manual pre-departure government approval, perhaps because of specific visa-waiver programs in place.[20]
  5. Where visas are needed, or where passport holders must get manually government-approved electronic visas (e-Visas) before departure, a score of 0 is given. If passport holders must get government approval before leaving in order to obtain a visa on arrival, this also scores 0.[20]
  6. The score for each passport is then totalled by adding up its scores for all destinations.[20]
  7. The index ignores temporary restrictions or airspace closures.[21]
  8. It considers mobility data based on national GDPs and the percentage of global wealth that the country's passport could provide access to.[22]

Rankings

[edit]

2024 Henley Passport Index

[edit]

As of 16 July 2024, the Singaporean passport offers holders visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to a total of 195 countries[23] and territories,[24] followed by the Japanese, French, German, Italian, and Spanish passports offer holders visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to a total of 192 countries followed by the Austrian, Finnish, Irish, Luxembourgish, Dutch, South Korean and Swedish passports, each offering 191 visa-free or visa-on-arrival countries and territories to its holders.[25] These rankings were subsequently followed by the Belgian, Danish, New Zealand, Norwegian, Swiss, and British passports, each offering visa-free or visa-on-arrival travel to 190 countries and territories.[26] The 2024 Henley Passport Index shows a worldwide improvement in the access to visa-free travel. Also the gap between the top and the bottom ranked countries has widened.[27]

Asian countries like Japan and Singapore have dominated the top position in the Index for the last five years.[28]

The Afghan passport has once again been labelled by the index as the least powerful passport in the world, with its nationals only able to visit 28 destinations visa-free.[29][30] This was followed by the Syrian passport at 29 destinations, the Iraqi passport at 31 destinations and the Pakistani and Yemini passports at 34 destinations. Among African countries, the Somali passport is the weakest passport according to the index.[31]

2024
rank		 Passport issuing country Visa-free
destinations
1  Singapore 195
2  Italy 192
 Germany 192
 France 192
 Japan 192
 Spain 192
3  Austria 191
 Finland 191
 Ireland 191
 Luxembourg 191
 Netherlands 191
 South Korea 191
 Sweden 191
4  Belgium 190
 Denmark 190
 New Zealand 190
 Norway 190
 Switzerland 190
 United Kingdom 190
5  Australia 189
 Czech Republic 189
 Portugal 189
6  Greece 188
 Poland 188
7  Canada 187
 Hungary 187
 Malta 187
8  United States 186
9  Estonia 185
 Lithuania 185
 United Arab Emirates 185
10  Iceland 184
 Latvia 184
 Slovakia 184
 Slovenia 184
11  Croatia 183
12  Liechtenstein 182
 Malaysia 182
13  Cyprus 178
 Monaco 178
14  Bulgaria 177
 Romania 177
15  Chile 175
16  San Marino 172
 Argentina 172
17  Andorra 171
 Brazil 171
18  Hong Kong 170
 Israel 170
19  Brunei 166
20  Barbados 165
21  Bahamas 161
22  Mexico 159
23  Saint Kitts and Nevis 157
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 157
 Uruguay 157
24  Seychelles 156
25  Vatican City 155
26  Antigua and Barbuda 153
27  Costa Rica 151
 Trinidad and Tobago 151
28  Mauritius 150
29  Panama 149
30  Saint Lucia 148
 Ukraine 148
31  Grenada 147
 Paraguay 147
32  Dominica 143
 Macau 143
33  Peru 141
 Taiwan 141
34  Serbia 140
35  El Salvador 136
36  Guatemala 135
37  Colombia 134
 Solomon Islands 134
38  Honduras 133
39  Samoa 131
 Tonga 131
40  Marshall Islands 129
41  Montenegro 128
 Nicaragua 128
 North Macedonia 128
 Tuvalu 128
42  Kiribati 124
 Micronesia 124
 Palau 124
 Venezuela 124
43  Albania 123
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 123
44  Georgia 122
 Moldova 122
45  Russia 116
 Turkey 116
46  Qatar 107
47  South Africa 106
48  Belize 102
49  Kuwait 99
50  East Timor 97
100  Ecuador 95
101  Maldives 94
102  Vanuatu 92
103  Fiji 90
104  Guyana 89
 Jamaica 89
 Nauru 89
107  Botswana 88
 Saudi Arabia 88
109  Bahrain 87
110  Oman 86
111  China 85
 Papua New Guinea 85
113  Thailand 82
114  Belarus 81
 Namibia 81
116  Bolivia 80
117  Kosovo 79
 Lesotho 79
 Suriname 79
120  Eswatini 77
 Kazakhstan 77
122  Indonesia 76
123  Dominican Republic 75
 Kenya 75
 Malawi 75
126  Tanzania 73
127  Morocco 72
128  Azerbaijan 71
 Gambia 71
130  Uganda 70
 Zambia 70
132  Cape Verde 69
 Tunisia 69
134  Armenia 68
 Ghana 68
136  Philippines 67
137  Sierra Leone 66
138  Rwanda 65
 Zimbabwe 65
140  Benin 64
 Kyrgyzstan 64
 Mongolia 64
 Mozambique 64
144  São Tomé and Príncipe 63
145  Cuba 62
 Uzbekistan 62
147  Togo 61
148  Burkina Faso 60
 Gabon 60
 Madagascar 60
151  Ivory Coast 59
 Guinea 59
153  India 58
 Senegal 58
 Tajikistan 58
156  Equatorial Guinea 57
 Mauritania 57
 Niger 57
159  Algeria 55
 Guinea-Bissau 55
 Jordan 55
 Mali 55
163  Comoros 54
164  Cambodia 53
 Central African Republic 53
 Chad 53
 Haiti 53
168  Angola 52
 Bhutan 52
 Egypt 52
171  Liberia 51
 Vietnam 51
173  Burundi 50
 Cameroon 50
 Congo 50
 Turkmenistan 50
177  Djibouti 49
 Laos 49
179  DR Congo 46
 Ethiopia 46
181  Lebanon 45
 Myanmar 45
 Nigeria 45
184  South Sudan 44
 Sri Lanka 44
186  Iran 43
 Sudan 43
97  Eritrea 42
98  North Korea 41
99  Bangladesh 40
 Palestinian Authority 40
100  Libya 39
 Nepal 39
101  Somalia 35
102  Pakistan 33
 Yemen 33
103  Iraq 31
104  Syria 28
105  Afghanistan 26

2023

[edit]

As of 8 December 2023, the Singaporean passport offered holders visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to a total of 195 countries[23] and territories,[24] followed by the Japanese with 193 and the Finnish, French, German, Italian, South Korean, Spanish and Swedish passports, each offering 190 visa-free or visa-on-arrival countries and territories to its holders. These rankings were subsequently followed by the Austrian, Danish, Irish, Luxembourgeois and British passports, each offering visa-free or visa-on-arrival travel to 189 countries and territories.

An Afghan passport had once again been labelled by the index as the least powerful passport in the world, with its nationals only able to visit 27 destinations visa-free.[29][32] This was followed by the Iraqi passport at 29 destinations and the Syrian passport at 30 destinations.[33]

2023
rank		 Passport issuing country Visa-free
destinations
1  Japan 193
2  Singapore 192
3  Austria 190
 Finland 190
 France 190
 Germany 190
 Italy 190
 South Korea 190
 Spain 190
 Sweden 190
4  Denmark 189
 Ireland 189
 Luxembourg 189
 Netherlands 189
 United Kingdom 189
5  Belgium 188
 Malta 188
 Portugal 188
 Norway 188
6  Czech Republic 187
 New Zealand 187
 Poland 187
  Switzerland 187
7  Australia 186
 Canada 186
 Greece 186
 Hungary 186
 United States 186
8  Lithuania 185
9  Latvia 184
 Slovakia 184
 Slovenia 184
10  Estonia 183
11  Iceland 182
 Malaysia 182
13  Cyprus 180
 Liechtenstein 180
14  United Arab Emirates 179
15  Bulgaria 177
 Romania 177
16  Croatia 176
 Monaco 176
17  Chile 175
18  Argentina 173
19  San Marino 172
20  Brazil 171
19  Andorra 170
 Hong Kong 170
20  Brunei 166
21  Barbados 163
22  Israel 159
 Mexico 159
23  Bahamas 156
24  Seychelles 155
 Saint Kitts and Nevis 155
25  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 154
 Vatican City 154
26  Uruguay 153
27  Costa Rica 151
28  Antigua and Barbuda 150
 Trinidad and Tobago 150
29  Mauritius 148
30  Grenada 147
 Saint Lucia 147
 Ukraine 150
31  Macau 144
 Panama 144
 Taiwan 144
32  Dominica 143
 Paraguay 143
33  Peru 136
34  Serbia 137
35  Guatemala 136
36  Honduras 134
37  Georgia 132
 Colombia 132
 El Salvador 132
 Solomon Islands 132
38  Samoa 131
39  Tonga 130
40  Nicaragua 127
 Tuvalu 127
 Venezuela 127
41  North Macedonia 125
42  Montenegro 124
44  Albania 123
 Kiribati 123
45  Marshall Islands 122
46  Moldova 120
47  Palau 119
48  Bosnia and Herzegovina 119
49  Micronesia 116
51  Russia 118
52  Turkey 112
53  Belize 104
54  Qatar 103
55  South Africa 102
56  Vanuatu 101
57  Kuwait 98
58  East Timor 94
59  Ecuador 92
60  Maldives 91
61  Nauru 89
62  Fiji 88
63  Bahrain 87
 Botswana 87
64  Guyana 86
 Jamaica 86
65  Saudi Arabia 83
66  Oman 82
 Papua New Guinea 82
67  China 80
 Thailand 80
68  Belarus 79
69  Bolivia 78
 Lesotho 78
 Namibia 78
70  Suriname 77
71  Kazakhstan 76
72  Indonesia 75
 Eswatini 75
73  Malawi 74
74  Kenya 73
75  Tanzania 72
76  Kosovo 71
 Tunisia 70
 Zambia 70
77  Azerbaijan 69
 Dominican Republic 69
 Gambia 69
78  Uganda 67
79  Philippines 66
 Zimbabwe 66
80  Armenia 65
 Cape Verde 65
 Morocco 65
 Sierra Leone 65
81  Ghana 63
 Kyrgyzstan 63
82  Cuba 62
83  Mongolia 61
 Mozambique 61
 Rwanda 61
84  Benin 60
 India 60
85  São Tomé and Príncipe 59
 Tajikistan 59
 Uzbekistan 59
86  Mauritania 58
87  Burkina Faso 57
88  Gabon 56
 Ivory Coast 56
 Senegal 56
89  Equatorial Guinea 55
 Guinea 55
 Madagascar 55
 Vietnam 55
90  Algeria 54
 Cambodia 54
 Togo 54
91  Comoros 53
 Jordan 53
 Mali 53
 Niger 53
92  Bhutan 52
 Central African Republic 52
 Chad 52
 Egypt 52
 Guinea-Bissau 52
 Turkmenistan 52
93  Angola 50
 Burundi 50
 Cameroon 50
 Laos 50
94  Congo 49
 Liberia 49
95  Djibouti 48
 Haiti 48
96  Myanmar 47
97  Ethiopia 46
98  Eritrea 45
 Nigeria 45
 South Sudan 45
99  Iran 44
100  DR Congo 42
 Sudan 42
101  Lebanon 41
102  Libya 40
 North Korea 40
 Sri Lanka 40
103  Bangladesh 39
104  Palestine 38
105    Nepal 36
106  Somalia 35
107  Yemen 34
108  Pakistan 33
109  Syria 30
110  Iraq 29
111  Afghanistan 27

2022

[edit]

As of 2022, a Japanese passport offered its holders visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to a total of 193 countries and territories, with South Korean and Singapore passports each offering 192 visa-free or visa-on-arrival countries and territories to their holders.[34][35] An American passport offered its holders visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 186 countries and territories, with the British passport offering 187 visa-free or visa-on-arrival countries and territories to their holders. Canadian and Australian passports each offered their holders visa-free access to 185 countries and territories.[36]

An Afghan passport had once again been labelled by the index as the least powerful passport in the world, with its nationals only able to visit 27 destinations visa-free.[37]

2022
rank[38]		 Passport issuing country Visa-free
destinations
1  Japan 193
2  Singapore 192
 South Korea 192
3  Germany 190
 Spain 190
4  Finland 189
 Italy 189
 Luxembourg 189
5  Austria 188
 Denmark 188
 Netherlands 188
 Sweden 188
6  France 187
 Ireland 187
 Portugal 187
 United Kingdom 187
7  Belgium 186
 New Zealand 186
 Norway 186
  Switzerland 186
 United States 186
8  Australia 185
 Canada 185
 Czech Republic 185
 Greece 185
 Malta 185
9  Hungary 183
10  Lithuania 182
 Poland 182
 Slovakia 182
11  Estonia 181
 Latvia 181
 Slovenia 181
12  Iceland 180
13  Malaysia 179
14  Liechtenstein 178
15  Cyprus 176
 United Arab Emirates 176
16  Chile 174
 Monaco 174
 Romania 174
17  Bulgaria 173
 Croatia 173
18  Hong Kong 171
19  Argentina 170
 Brazil 170
20  San Marino 169
21  Andorra 168
22  Brunei 166
23  Barbados 163
24  Israel 159
 Mexico 159
25  Saint Kitts and Nevis 157
26  Bahamas 155
27  Vatican City 154
28  Seychelles 153
 Uruguay 153
29  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 152
30  Antigua and Barbuda 151
 Trinidad and Tobago 151
31  Costa Rica 150
32  Saint Lucia 147
33  Grenada 146
 Mauritius 146
34  Dominica 145
 Taiwan 145
35  Macau 144
 Ukraine 144
36  Panama 143
37  Paraguay 142
38  Peru 136
 Serbia 136
39  El Salvador 134
40  Guatemala 133
 Honduras 133
41  Colombia 132
 Samoa 132
 Solomon Islands 132
42  Tonga 130
 Venezuela 129
43  Nicaragua 128
 Tuvalu 128
44  North Macedonia 125
45  Kiribati 124
 Montenegro 124
46  Marshall Islands 123
47  Moldova 121
48  Palau 120
49  Russia 119
50  Bosnia and Herzegovina 118
 Micronesia 118
51  Georgia 116
52  Albania 115
53  Turkey 110
54  South Africa 105
55  Belize 103
56  Qatar 99
57  Vanuatu 98
58  Kuwait 96
59  East Timor 94
60  Ecuador 92
61  Nauru 90
62  Fiji 89
 Maldives 89
63  Guyana 88
64  Botswana 87
 Jamaica 87
65  Bahrain 86
66  Papua New Guinea 83
67  Oman 81
 Saudi Arabia 81
68  Bolivia 80
 China 80
69  Namibia 79
 Thailand 79
70  Belarus 78
71  Lesotho 77
 Suriname 77
72  Kazakhstan 76
73  Eswatini 75
74  Malawi 74
75  Indonesia 72
 Kenya 72
 Tanzania 72
 Zambia 72
76  Tunisia 71
77  Azerbaijan 70
 Dominican Republic 70
78  Gambia 69
79  Cape Verde 67
 Philippines 67
 Uganda 67
80  Armenia 66
 Zimbabwe 66
81  Cuba 65
 Ghana 65
 Morocco 65
82  Kyrgyzstan 64
 Sierra Leone 64
83  Mozambique 63
84  Benin 62
 Mongolia 62
85  Rwanda 61
 São Tomé and Príncipe 61
86  India 60
 Mauritania 60
 Tajikistan 60
87  Burkina Faso 59
 Uzbekistan 59
88  Gabon 58
89  Ivory Coast 57
 Senegal 57
90  Equatorial Guinea 56
 Madagascar 56
91  Guinea 55
 Mali 55
 Togo 55
 Vietnam 55
92  Bhutan 54
 Cambodia 54
 Chad 54
 Comoros 54
 Niger 54
93  Algeria 53
 Central African Republic 53
 Egypt 53
 Guinea-Bissau 53
 Jordan 53
 Turkmenistan 53
94  Angola 51
 Burundi 51
 Cameroon 51
 Laos 51
95  Liberia 50
96  Congo 49
 Haiti 49
97  Djibouti 48
98  Myanmar 47
99  Ethiopia 46
 Nigeria 46
100  Eritrea 44
 South Sudan 44
101  Iran 43
102  DR Congo 42
 Lebanon 42
 Sri Lanka 42
 Sudan 42
103  Bangladesh 41
 Kosovo 41
 Libya 41
104  North Korea 40
105    Nepal 38
 Palestine 38
106  Somalia 35
107  Yemen 34
108  Pakistan 32
109  Syria 30
110  Iraq 29
111  Afghanistan 27

2006–2015

[edit]

A number of Asian and European countries are notable for their stability over the past decade, and Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, Japan, Singapore, Spain, and Sweden all remain in exactly the same position as 10 years before. The 'Top 10s' were almost identical, with 30 countries in 2015, compared to 26 a decade before. While Liechtenstein dropped, the Czech Republic, Finland, Hungary, Malta, Slovakia, and South Korea all made it into the top 10.

Taiwan, Albania, the United Arab Emirates, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Serbia all moved up more than 20 places in the Henley & Partners Visa Restrictions Index over the period, while the biggest drops were experienced by Guinea (−32), Liberia (−33), Sierra Leone (−35), and Bolivia (−37).

Older rankings

[edit]

In the table below, the "access" columns denote the number of visa-free destinations for holders of that passport. Unless indicated otherwise, the data in this table is taken from these sources.[38][39]

Country 2020
rank 		2020
access 		2019
rank 		2010
rank 		2006
rank
 Japan 1 191 1 6 3
 Singapore 2 190 1 11 8
 Germany 3 189 2 5 2
 South Korea 3 189 2 13 11
 Finland 4 188 2 4 1
 Italy 4 188 3 5 3
 Luxembourg 4 188 3 4 3
 Spain 4 188 4 6 4
 Austria 5 187 5 8 6
 Denmark 5 187 3 2 1
 France 6 186 4 5 3
 Ireland 6 186 6 7 2
 Netherlands 6 186 5 5 5
 Portugal 6 186 5 8 7
 Sweden 6 186 4 3 2
 Belgium 7 185 6 6 4
  Switzerland 7 185 6 10 4
 Norway 7 185 6 7 4
 United Kingdom 7 185 6 1 3
 United States 7 185 6 7 1
 Czech Republic 8 184 7 18 21
 Greece 8 184 6 12 9
 Malta 8 184 7 15 11
 New Zealand 8 184 8 9 6
 Australia 9 183 9 9 9
 Canada 9 183 6 9 6
 Hungary 10 182 10 18 19
 Lithuania 11 181 9 19 24
 Poland 11 181 13 16 16
 Slovakia 11 181 9 17 22
 Iceland 12 180 10 13 9
 Latvia 12 180 10 20 26
 Slovenia 12 180 10 17 17
 Estonia 13 179 11 19 26
 Liechtenstein 14 178 12 14 10
 Malaysia 14 178 12 13 9
 Monaco 15 175 14 21 15
 Chile 16 174 13 27 14
 Cyprus 16 174 14 18 12
 Romania 17 172 16 22 34
 Bulgaria 18 171 17 25 29
 Argentina 19 170 17 26 19
 Brazil 19 170 17 28 20
 Croatia 19 170 18 35 28
 Hong Kong 19 170 18 19 13
 United Arab Emirates 19 170 15 65 62
 San Marino 20 168 19 23 14
 Andorra 21 167 20 27 20
 Brunei 22 166 21 24 19
 Barbados 23 161 22 29 35
 Israel 24 160 22 25 18
 Mexico 25 159 23 32 21
 Saint Kitts and Nevis 26 156 24 31 40
 Bahamas 27 155 24 30 35
 Uruguay 28 153 25 34 20
 Antigua and Barbuda 29 151 28 33 39
 Seychelles 29 151 26 39 46
 Costa Rica 30 150 27 37 23
 Trinidad and Tobago 30 150 29 45 36
 Vatican City 31 149 29 39
 Mauritius 32 148 30 40 46
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 32 148 31 47 38
 Saint Lucia 33 146 31 46 39
 Taiwan 33 146 31 69 55
 Macau 34 144 33 44 35
 Grenada 35 143 32 49 41
 Paraguay 36 142 32 39 30
 Panama 37 141 34 41 30
 Dominica 38 140 35 51 46
 Peru 39 135 36 58 56
 El Salvador 40 134 37 42 31
 Honduras 40 134 37 42 32
 Serbia 40 134 39 47 64
 Guatemala 41 133 38 42 30
 Samoa 42 131 39 53 49
 Solomon Islands 42 131 40 52 44
 Vanuatu 43 130 40 55 51
 Nicaragua 44 129 41 43 33
 Ukraine 44 129 43 65 64
 Venezuela 44 129 38 36 25
 Colombia 45 127 43 73 64
 Tuvalu 45 127 42 54 48
 Tonga 46 125 44 57 52
 Montenegro 47 124 46 48
 North Macedonia 47 124 45 46
 Kiribati 48 122 46 56 49
 Marshall Islands 48 122 46 66 61
 Moldova 49 120 47 66
 Palau 50 119 47 70
 Micronesia 51 118 47 69
 Russia 51 118 48 49 62
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 52 117 49 74 71
 Georgia 53 116 50 72 68
 Albania 54 114 51 78 79
 Turkey 55 111 52 46 46
 Belize 56 101 54 50 42
 South Africa 56 101 53 47 37
 Kuwait 57 95 56 58 58
 Qatar 57 95 57 63 60
 East Timor 57 95 55 85
 Ecuador 58 91 58 64 56
 Nauru 59 89 60 56 54
 Fiji 60 88 59 57 51
 Guyana 60 88 60 57 45
 Jamaica 61 86 61 56 45
 Botswana 62 85 62 60 50
 Maldives 62 85 61 56 52
 Papua New Guinea 63 84 62 59 56
 Bahrain 64 82 63 62 59
 Oman 65 79 64 68 61
 Bolivia 66 78 65 67 29
 Suriname 66 78 65 66 57
 Thailand 66 78 66 69 67
 Namibia 67 77 67 62 56
 Saudi Arabia 67 77 69 71 65
 Kazakhstan 68 76 68 73 68
 Belarus 69 75 67 72 64
 Lesotho 69 75 69 64 47
 China 70 74 72 88 78
 Eswatini 70 74 70 65 52
 Malawi 71 73 71 64 50
 Kenya 72 72 72 64 52
 Indonesia 73 71 73 84 67
 Tanzania 73 71 75 68 56
 Zambia 73 71 73 65 53
 Tunisia 74 69 75 67 59
 Gambia 75 68 74 61 45
 Azerbaijan 76 67 76 76 68
 Philippines 76 67 77 73 63
 Uganda 76 67 76 70 58
 Cape Verde 77 66 76 73
 Dominican Republic 78 65 78 77 71
 Ghana 78 65 77 67 53
 Zimbabwe 78 65 78 70 56
 Cuba 79 64 77 78 69
 Morocco 79 64 80 76 66
 Armenia 80 63 81 76 69
 Kyrgyzstan 80 63 80 74 68
 Sierra Leone 80 63 79 64 51
 Benin 81 62 80 73 61
 Mozambique 81 62 81 82 74
 Mongolia 81 62 80 82 72
 São Tomé and Príncipe 82 61 81 83 74
 Rwanda 83 60 84 87 73
 Burkina Faso 84 59 83 76 62
 Mauritania 84 59 83 40 58
 India 85 58 82 77 71
 Tajikistan 85 58 84 77 69
 Gabon 86 57 85 85 72
 Ivory Coast 86 57 84 72
 Uzbekistan 86 57 85 80 72
 Senegal 87 56 86 76 60
 Equatorial Guinea 88 55 89 89 76
 Guinea 88 55 85 75 60
 Madagascar 88 55 87 83 71
 Togo 88 55 86 76 62
 Cambodia 89 54 88 87 79
 Mali 89 54 87 75 59
 Niger 89 54 87 76 60
 Vietnam 89 54 90 84 78
 Bhutan 90 53 89 83 77
 Chad 90 53 88 82
 Comoros 90 53 88 89
 Guinea-Bissau 90 53 87 79 63
 Turkmenistan 90 53 90 86 77
 Central African Republic 91 52 90 81 68
 Algeria 92 51 91 79 73
 Jordan 92 51 92 97 75
 Angola 93 50 92 92 77
 Burundi 93 50 93 89 78
 Egypt 93 50 92 84
 Laos 93 50 92 85 76
 Cameroon 94 49 92 85 70
 Haiti 94 49 92 85 74
 Liberia 94 49 93 82 65
 Congo 95 48 94 85 69
 Djibouti 96 47 95 91 77
 Myanmar 96 47 95 92 81
 Nigeria 97 46 95 76 62
 Ethiopia 98 44 97 92 78
 South Sudan 99 43 97
 DR Congo 100 42 97 90
 Eritrea 100 42 99 93 76
 Sri Lanka 100 42 96 84 74
 Bangladesh 101 41 99 85 68
 Iran 101 41 99 92 82
 Kosovo 102 40 98 89
 Lebanon 102 40 100 94 79
 Sudan 102 40 102 96 79
 North Korea 103 39 100 90 78
 Libya 104 38 100 87 77
   Nepal 104 38 101 88 76
 Palestine 104 38 102 97
 Somalia 105 33 104 95 81
 Yemen 105 33 103 88 78
 Pakistan 106 32 104 90 79
 Syria 107 29 105 87 80
 Iraq 108 28 106 97 81
 Afghanistan 109 26 107 98 83

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Moore, Cortney (20 July 2022). "American passports rank as 7th most powerful, travel index says". Fox News.
  2. ^ O'Hare, Maureen (18 July 2023). "The world's most powerful passports for 2023". CNN.
  3. ^ Smith, Oliver (29 February 2016). "The world's most powerful passports". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 23 February 2017. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
  4. ^ a b Lmahamad, Ayya (11 January 2023). "Azerbaijan improves its position in World Passport Index". Azer News.
  5. ^ Andrejevic, Mark and Volcic, Zala (2016). Commercial Nationalism: Selling the Nation and Nationalizing the Sell. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. ISBN 9781137500984
  6. ^ Neammanee, Pocharapon; Lee, Lloyd (20 July 2022). "The most powerful passports in the world in 2022, ranked". Insider Inc. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
  7. ^ "How powerful is your country's passport in 2023?". Quartz. 24 January 2023.
  8. ^ Abrahamian, Atossa Araxia (2015). The Cosmopolites: The Coming of the Global Citizen, pp. 70–93. Colombia Global Reports, New York. ISBN 9780990976363
  9. ^ Dannielle Maguire (15 January 2023). "Australian passports are among the world's most powerful. So where can it take you?". ABC News.
  10. ^ Gleeson, Colin (19 July 2022). "Irish passport ranked joint sixth most powerful globally". The Irish Times. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
  11. ^ Kelleher, Suzanne Rowan. "U.S Passport Is The 44th Most Powerful In The World, Per New Index". Forbes.
  12. ^ Fernandez, Celia (19 January 2023). "Japan has the No. 1 most powerful passport in the world for 2023—see where the U.S. lands on the list". CNBC.
  13. ^ "How powerful is the Indian passport? Check out Henley Index ranking". Zee Business. 22 May 2018. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
  14. ^ McDonagh, Shannon (31 January 2022). "These are the world's most powerful passports in 2022". Euronews. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
  15. ^ Neammanee, Pocharapon (28 July 2022). "The Most Powerful Passports in the World in 2022, Ranked". Entrepreneur magazine.
  16. ^ "Pakistani passport remains fourth-worst in the world: Henley index". Dawn (newspaper). 20 July 2022.
  17. ^ Kalin, Christian H. (2015). Global Residence and Citizenship Handbook (5 ed.). Ideos Publications. pp. 147–148. ISBN 978-3-9524052-7-7.
  18. ^ Kalin, Christian H. (2015). Global Residence and Citizenship Handbook (5 ed.). Ideos Publications. pp. 148–149. ISBN 978-3-9524052-7-7.
  19. ^ O'Hare, Maureen (18 July 2023). "The world's most powerful passports for 2023". CNN.
  20. ^ a b c "Henley Passport Index 2006 to 2018". Henley & Partners Passport Index. Henley & Partners Holdings Ltd. Archived from the original on 9 July 2018. Retrieved 7 July 2018. The index and its contents are based on data provided by the International Air Transport Authority (IATA) and supplemented, enhanced, and updated using extensive in-house research and open-source online data.
  21. ^ O'Hare, Maureen (19 July 2022). "The world's most powerful passports for 2022". CNN.
  22. ^ Klawans, Justin (18 May 2023). "10 of the world's most powerful passports". The Week.
  23. ^ a b Lawler, Opheli Garcia (18 July 2023). "The U.S. Continues to Slide Down the International Passport Power Rankings". Thrillist.
  24. ^ a b Shan, Lee Ying (19 July 2023). "Singapore's passport is now the most powerful in the world. Here's how other countries ranked". CNBC.
  25. ^ "Most powerful passports for 2024 and di weakest according to Henley & Partners report". BBC. 12 January 2024.
  26. ^ "World's Most Powerful Passport Rankings [2024]". Forbes India.
  27. ^ "These are the world's most powerful passports in 2024. See where Australia sits". ABC News. 23 July 2024.
  28. ^ O'Hare, Maureen (10 January 2024). "The world's most powerful passports for 2024". CNN.
  29. ^ a b "Italy's New Luxury Hotels, The Most Powerful Passports, Delta's Free Wifi And More". Forbes.
  30. ^ "Henley Passport Index: World most powerful passports ranking for 2023". BBC. 10 January 2023.
  31. ^ Okafor, Chinedu (6 June 2024). "10 African countries with the weakest passports mid-way into 2024". Business Insider.
  32. ^ "Henley Passport Index: World most powerful passports ranking for 2023". BBC. 10 January 2023.
  33. ^ "Henley Passport Index:The World's Most Powerful Passports in 2023". 19 July 2023.
  34. ^ Whitley, Angus. "Europe once offered the world's most powerful passports. Not anymore". Fortune. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
  35. ^ "The World's Most Powerful Passports in 2022". OnlineVisa.
  36. ^ "Canadian Passport Ranked Eighth Most Powerful In World - Canada Immigration and Visa Information. Canadian Immigration Services and Free Online Evaluation". Canadian Citizenship & Immigration Resource Center. 21 July 2022.
  37. ^ Madden, Duncan (10 January 2020). "The Most Powerful Passports In The World In 2020". Forbes. Archived from the original on 10 January 2020. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
  38. ^ a b "Henley Passport Index". Henley Passport Index. Archived from the original on 15 January 2022. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
  39. ^ "Henley Passport Global Ranking". Henley Passport Index. Archived from the original on 2 December 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.

Further reading

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  • Bai, Jianyin; Chen, Yin; Long, Yong (2021). "The structural equivalence of tourism cooperative network in the Belt and Road Initiative Area". Environmental Research. 197: 111043. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2021.111043. PMID 33811863.
  • Bagchi, Pushpi (2021). "The Politics of a Passport to Design Practice". Perspectives on Design and Digital Communication II: Research, Innovations and Best Practices. Springer International Publishing. pp. 273–287. ISBN 978-3-030-75867-7.
  • Boatcă, Manuela (2021). "Unequal institutions in the longue durée: citizenship through a Southern lens". Third World Quarterly. 42 (9): 1982–2000. doi:10.1080/01436597.2021.1923398.
  • Dervin, Fred; Jacobsson, Andreas (2021). "Engaging Critically with Travel/Tourism and Interculturality". Teacher Education for Critical and Reflexive Interculturality. Springer International Publishing. pp. 133–148. ISBN 978-3-030-66337-7.
  • Okagbue, Hilary I.; Oguntunde, Pelumi E.; Bishop, Sheila A.; Adamu, Patience I.; Akhmetshin, Elvir M.; Iroham, Chukwuemeka O. (2021). "Significant Predictors of Henley Passport Index". Journal of International Migration and Integration. 22 (1): 21–32. doi:10.1007/s12134-019-00726-4. ISSN 1874-6365.
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