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Visa requirements for Moldovan citizens

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A Moldovan passport

Visa requirements for Moldovan citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of Moldova by the authorities of other states.

As of 2024, Moldovan citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 122 countries and territories, ranking the Moldovan passport 44th in the world according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]

On 28 April 2014 Moldovan citizens were granted visa-free entry to 29 Schengen Area countries as well as Cyprus, countries that are applying the Schengen policy and also Monaco, San Marino, Andorra and Vatican City, countries that have no immigration control.[2] Visa waiver applies only to holders of biometric passports.[3]

Moldovan citizens in other countries also can benefit from the mobility rights arrangements within the Commonwealth of Independent States.

History

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Recent

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Future

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Visa requirements map

[edit]
Visa requirements for Moldovan citizens holding ordinary passports
  Moldova
  Unlimited
  Visa not required
  Visa issued upon arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required

Visa requirements

[edit]
Country Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Afghanistan Visa required[4]
 Albania Visa not required[5] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6 month period.
 Algeria Visa required[6]
 Andorra Visa not required[7]
 Angola Visa required[8]
 Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[9] 1 month
 Argentina Visa required[10]
 Armenia Visa not required[11]
 Australia Online visa required[12][13]
  • Online Visitor e600 visa.
 Austria Visa not required[14] 90 days
 Azerbaijan Visa not required[17] 90 days
  • If staying more than 10 days passengers visiting relatives must register with local police. If staying in a hotel, this will be arranged by the hotel.
  • Azerbaijan bans the entry of people who are of Armenian descent.
 Bahamas Visa not required[18] 3 months
 Bahrain eVisa / Visa on arrival[19] 14 days
 Bangladesh Visa on arrival[20] 30 days
 Barbados Visa not required[21] 28 days
 Belarus Visa not required[22]
 Belgium Visa not required[23] 90 days
 Belize Visa required[24]
 Benin eVisa[25][26] 30 days
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
 Bhutan eVisa[27][28]
 Bolivia Online Visa / Visa on arrival[29][30] 30 days
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa not required[31] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6 month period.
 Botswana eVisa[32][33] 3 months
 Brazil Visa not required[34] 90 days
 Brunei Visa required[35]
 Bulgaria Visa not required[36] 90 days
 Burkina Faso eVisa[37][38]
 Burundi Visa on arrival[39] 1 month
 Cambodia eVisa / Visa on arrival[40][41] 30 days
 Cameroon eVisa[42][43]
 Canada Visa required[44]
 Cape Verde Visa on arrival[45]
 Central African Republic Visa required[46]
 Chad Visa required[47]
 Chile Visa not required[48] 90 days
 China Visa required[49]
  • Visa not required for 30 days for travelling as part of an accredited tour group.
 Colombia Visa not required[50] 90 days
 Comoros Visa on arrival[51] 45 days
 Republic of the Congo Visa required[52]
 Democratic Republic of the Congo eVisa[53][54] 7 days
 Costa Rica Visa required[55]
 Côte d'Ivoire eVisa[56][57] 3 months
 Croatia Visa not required[58] 90 days
 Cuba Tourist card required[59] 90 days
  • Can be extended up to 90 days with a fee.
 Cyprus Visa not required[Note 1][60] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period.[15][16]
 Czech Republic Visa not required[61] 90 days
 Denmark Visa not required[62] 90 days
 Djibouti eVisa[63][64] 90 days
 Dominica Visa not required[65] 21 days
 Dominican Republic Visa required[66]
 Ecuador Visa not required[67] 90 days
 Egypt eVisa[68][69] 30 days
 El Salvador Visa required[70]
 Equatorial Guinea eVisa[71][72]
 Eritrea Visa required[73]
 Estonia Visa not required[74] 90 days
 Eswatini Visa required[75]
 Ethiopia eVisa[76][77] up to 90 days
 Fiji Visa not required[78] 4 months
 Finland Visa not required[79] 90 days
 France Visa not required[80] 90 days
 Gabon eVisa[81][82]
 Gambia Visa required[83]
  • In addition to a visa, an entry clearance must be obtained from the Gambian Immigration prior to travel.[84]
 Georgia Visa not required[85] 365 days
 Germany Visa not required[86] 90 days
 Ghana Visa required[87]
 Greece Visa not required[88] 90 days
 Grenada Visa on arrival[89] 3 months
 Guatemala Visa required[90]
 Guinea eVisa[91][92] 90 days
 Guinea-Bissau Visa on arrival[93] 90 days
 Guyana Visa required[94]
 Haiti Visa not required[95] 3 months
 Honduras Visa required[96]
 Hungary Visa not required[97] 90 days
 Iceland Visa not required[98] 90 days
 India eVisa[99][100] 30 days
 Indonesia Visa required[101]
 Iran eVisa[102][103] 30 days
 Iraq eVisa[104][105]
 Ireland Visa required[106]
 Israel Visa not required[107] 90 days
  • Biometric passports only.
 Italy Visa not required[108] 90 days
 Jamaica Visa on arrival[109]
 Japan Visa required[110]
 Jordan eVisa / Visa on arrival[111][112]
  • Visa can be obtained upon arrival, it will cost a total of 40 JOD, obtainable at most international ports of entry and land border crossings. (except King Hussein/Allenby Bridge)
 Kazakhstan Visa not required[113] 90 days
 Kenya Electronic Travel Authorisation[114][115] 90 days
  • Applications can be submitted up to 90 days prior to travel and must be submitted at least 3 days in advance.
  • eTA fee is USD 32.50.
  • Proof of reservation at the hotel where visitors plan to stay is required (if staying with friends, an invitation letter is also acceptable).
  • Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries.
  • Can also be entered on an East Africa Tourist Visa issued by Kenya or Rwanda.[116]
 Kiribati Visa required[117]
 North Korea Visa required[118]
 South Korea Visa required[119]
 Kuwait Visa required[120]
 Kyrgyzstan Visa not required[121]
 Laos eVisa / Visa on arrival[122] 30 days
 Latvia Visa not required[126] 90 days
 Lebanon Free visa on arrival[127] 1 month
  • Extendable for 2 additional months.
  • Granted free of charge at Beirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non refundable return or circle trip ticket.
 Lesotho eVisa[128]
 Liberia Visa required[129]
 Libya eVisa[130][131]
 Liechtenstein Visa not required[132] 90 days
 Lithuania Visa not required[133] 90 days
 Luxembourg Visa not required[134] 90 days
 Madagascar Visa on arrival[135] 60 days
 Malawi eVisa / Visa on arrival[136][137] 90 days
 Malaysia Visa not required[138] 30 days
 Maldives Free visa on arrival[139] 30 days
 Mali Visa required[140]
 Malta Visa not required[141] 90 days
 Marshall Islands Visa required[142]
 Mauritania Visa on arrival[143]
 Mauritius Visa on arrival[144] 60 days
 Mexico Visa required[145]
 Micronesia Visa not required[146] 30 days
 Monaco Visa not required[147]
 Mongolia eVisa[148][149] 30 days
 Montenegro Visa not required[150] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period.
 Morocco Visa required[151]
 Mozambique eVisa / Visa on arrival[152][153] 30 days
 Myanmar Visa required[154]
 Namibia Visa not required[155] 3 months
 Nauru Visa required[156]
   Nepal Online Visa / Visa on arrival[157][158] 90 days
 Netherlands Visa not required[159] 90 days
 New Zealand Visa required[160]
  • Diplomatic, service and standard passports with the former USSR symbol issued in Moldova are unacceptable, and visas will not be endorsed in them.[161]
  • Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement), subject to meeting character requirements and obtaining an Electronic Travel Authority prior to departure.[162]
 Nicaragua Visa on arrival[163] 90 days
 Niger Visa required[164]
 Nigeria eVisa[165][166] 90 days
 North Macedonia Visa not required[167] 90 days
 Norway Visa not required[168] 90 days
 Oman Visa not required / eVisa[169][170] 14 days / 30 days
 Pakistan eVisa[171] 90 days
 Palau Free visa on arrival[172] 30 days
 Panama Visa not required[173] 90 days
 Papua New Guinea eVisa[174][175] 60 days
  • Visitors may apply for a visa online under the "Tourist - Own Itinerary" category.
 Paraguay Visa required[176]
 Peru Visa not required[177] 183 days
 Philippines Visa required[178]
 Poland Visa not required[179] 90 days
 Portugal Visa not required[180] 90 days
 Qatar Visa not required[181] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period.
 Romania Visa not required[182] 90 days
 Russia Visa not required[183] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period.
 Rwanda Visa not required[184] 30 days
  • Can also be entered on an East Africa Tourist Visa issued by Kenya or Rwanda.[116]
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[185] 90 days
 Saint Lucia Visa required[186]
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[187] 3 month
 Samoa Visa not required[188] 90 days
 San Marino Visa not required[189]
 São Tomé and Príncipe eVisa[190][191]
 Saudi Arabia Visa required[192]
 Senegal Visa required[193]
 Serbia Visa not required[194] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6 month period.
 Seychelles Electronic Border System[195][196] 3 months
  • Application can be submitted up to 30 days before travel.
  • Visitors must upload a reservation confirmation(s) for each visitor's location of stay in Seychelles.
  • Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries.
  • Payment of the fee (EUR 10) by credit or debit card.
  • Valid for one journey only and it expires once exit the country.
 Sierra Leone eVisa[197][198] 3 months
 Singapore Visa required[199]
  • May obtain visa online.[200]
 Slovakia Visa not required[197] 90 days
 Slovenia Visa not required[201] 90 days
 Solomon Islands Visa required[202]
  • Visa on arrival if having pre-arranged visa.
 Somalia Visa on arrival[203] 30 days
 South Africa Visa required[204]
 South Sudan eVisa[205][206]
  • Obtainable online.
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel.
 Spain Visa not required[207] 90 days
 Sri Lanka eVisa / Visa on arrival[208][209] 60 days / 30 days
  • The standard visitor visa allows a stay of 60 days within any 6 month period.[210]
  • Visa fees (for Standard visitor visa):
  • e-Visa categories will be charged an additional USD 18.50 service fee.
  • If transiting from any of the Sri Lankan airports, An e-Visa is exempted (2 day transit period).
 Sudan Visa required[211]
 Suriname Visa not required[212][213] 90 days
  • An entrance fee of USD 25 or EUR 25 must be paid online prior to arrival.[214]
  • Multiple entry e-Visa is also available.[215]
 Sweden Visa not required[201] 90 days
  Switzerland Visa not required[216] 90 days
 Syria eVisa[217]
  • According to the Law No. 2 of 2014 all visitors require visas prior to arrival.[218][219][220] According to the IATA database, visa may be obtained on arrival and is valid for 15 days.[221]
 Tajikistan Visa not required[222] Unlimited
 Tanzania eVisa / Visa on arrival[223][224] 90 days
 Thailand Visa required[225]
 Timor-Leste Visa on arrival[226] 30 days
 Tonga Visa required[227]
 Togo eVisa[228][229] 15 days
 Trinidad and Tobago Visa required[230]
 Tunisia Visa not required[231] 3 months
 Turkey Visa not required[232] 90 days
 Turkmenistan Visa required[235]
 Tuvalu Visa on arrival[236] 1 month
 Uganda eVisa[237][238] 3 months
  • Can also be entered on an East Africa Tourist Visa issued by Kenya or Rwanda.[116]
 Ukraine Visa not required[239] 90 days
  • ID-card valid for people living within 30 km (19 mi) border zone.
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
 United Arab Emirates Visa required[240]
  • May apply using 'Smart service'.[241]
 United Kingdom Visa required[242]
 United States Visa required[243]
 Uruguay Visa required[244]
 Uzbekistan Visa not required[245] Unlimited
 Vanuatu Visa required[246]
 Vatican City Visa not required[247]
 Venezuela Visa required[248]
 Vietnam eVisa[249][250]
  • e-Visa is valid for 90 days and multiple entry.
 Yemen Visa required[251]
 Zambia eVisa / Visa on arrival[252][253] 90 days
 Zimbabwe Visa on arrival[254] 30 days

Territories and disputed areas

[edit]

Visa requirements for Moldovan citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries and restricted zones:

Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
Europe
 Abkhazia Visa not required[255]
Mount Athos Special permit required Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[256][257]
 Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Visa not required 3 months[258]
United Nations UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus Access Permit required[259] Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.
 Faroe Islands Visa not required[260]
 Gibraltar Visa required[261]
 Guernsey Visa required[262]
 Isle of Man Visa required[263]
Norway Jan Mayen Permit required Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[264] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[265]
 Jersey Visa required[266]
 Kosovo Visa required[267]
 Russia Special authorization required Several closed cities and regions in Russia require special authorization.[268]
 South Ossetia Visa not required Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[269][270]
Africa
 British Indian Ocean Territory Special permit required Special permit required.[271]
 Eritrea outside Asmara Travel permit required To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[272]
 Mayotte Visa not required[273] 90 days within 180 days
 Réunion Visa not required[273] 90 days within 180 days
 Ascension Island eVisa[274][275] 3 months within any year period.
 Saint Helena eVisa[276][277]
 Tristan da Cunha Permission required Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[278]
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Undefined visa regime in the Western Sahara controlled territory.
 Somaliland Visa on arrival 30 days for 30 USD, payable on arrival.[279][280]
 Sudan Travel permit required All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
Sudan Darfur Travel permit required Separate travel permit is required.[281]
Asia
 Hong Kong eVisa[282]
 India PAP/RAP PAP/RAP required Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[283][284][285][286][287][288]
 Kazakhstan Special permission required Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.[289]
Iran Kish Island Visa not required Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[290]
 Macao Visa not required[291] 90 days
Maldives Maldives Permission required With the exception of the capital Malé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[292]
 North Korea outside Pyongyang Special permit required People are not allowed to leave the capital city, tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent moving)
 Palestine Visa not required[293] Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[294]
 Taiwan Visa required[295]
Tajikistan Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province OIVR permit required OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[296][297][298]
China Tibet Autonomous Region TTP required Tibet Travel Permit required (10 USD).[299][300][301]
 Turkmenistan Special permit required A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.[302]
United Nations Korean Demilitarized Zone Restricted zone.
United Nations UNDOF Zone and Ghajar Restricted zone.
 Yemen Special permission required Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden.[303]
Caribbean and North Atlantic
 Anguilla Visa required[304]
 Aruba Visa not required[305][306] 30 days
 Bermuda Visa required[307]
Netherlands Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba Visa not required[308][309] 90 days
 British Virgin Islands Visa required[310]
 Cayman Islands Visa required[311]
 Curacao Visa not required[312] 90 days
France French Guiana Visa not required[273] 90 days within 180 days
France French West Indies Visa not required[273] French West Indies refers to Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy.
 Greenland Visa not required[260]
 Montserrat Electronic visa[313]
 Puerto Rico Visa required[314]
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon Visa not required[273] 90 days within 180 days
 Sint Maarten Visa not required[315][316] 90 days
 Turks and Caicos Islands Visa required[317]
 U.S. Virgin Islands Visa required[318]
Oceania
 American Samoa Entry permit required[319]
Australia Ashmore and Cartier Islands Special authorisation required Special authorisation required.[320]
 Cook Islands Visa not required[321] 31 days
Fiji Lau Province Special permission required Special permission required.[322]
 French Polynesia Visa not required[273] 90 days within 180 days
 Guam Visa required[323]
 New Caledonia Visa required[324]
 Niue Visa on arrival[325] 30 days
 Northern Mariana Islands Visa required[326]
 Pitcairn Islands Visa not required 14 days visa free and landing fee 35 USD or tax of 5 USD if not going ashore.[327][328][329]
 Tokelau Entry permit required[330]
United States United States Minor Outlying Islands Special permits required Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[331][332][333][334][335][336][337]
 Wallis and Futuna Visa required[338]
South Atlantic
 Falkland Islands Visa required[339]
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Permit required Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[340][341]
Antarctica Special permits required for  British Antarctic Territory,  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australia Australian Antarctic Territory, Antártica Chilena Province Chilean Antarctic Territory, Australia Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norway Peter I Island, Norway Queen Maud Land, New Zealand Ross Dependency.[342][343][344][345][346][347][348][349][350][351][352][353]

Diplomatic and official passports only

[edit]

Moldovan ID as optional passport replacement

[edit]

Non-visa restrictions

[edit]

Moldovan passports are recognized by all countries of the world. However, in some rare cases, Moldovan citizens may be refused entry.

This section is transcluded from Non-visa travel restrictions. (edit | history)

Blank passport pages

[edit]

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[362] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

[edit]
Main articles: Vaccination requirements for international travel, International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, and Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[363] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[364]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[365][366]

Passport validity length

[edit]

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[367][368] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[369]

Some countries, such as Japan,[370] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[371] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[372] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[373] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[374] Philippines,[375] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[376]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[377] and South Africa.

Criminal record

[edit]

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[378] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record, while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

[edit]

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning them from entering the country or expelling them if they have already entered. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[379]

Israeli stamps

[edit]
Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[380] Lebanon,[381] Libya,[382] Syria,[383] and Yemen[384] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

[edit]
See also: Countries applying biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[385]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[386][387] Argentina,[388] Brunei, Cambodia,[389] China,[390] Ethiopia,[391] Ghana, Guinea,[392] India, Japan,[393][394] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[395] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[396] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[397] Singapore, South Korea,[398] Taiwan, Thailand,[399] Uganda,[400] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its own legislation),[401][402][403] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[404]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[405] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[406][407] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[408] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[409][410]

Fingerprinting

[edit]

Several countries including Argentina, Cambodia, Japan, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea and the United States demand all passengers to be fingerprinted on arrival.[411][412][413][414][415][416][417]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Global Passport Ranking".
  2. ^ "Europe Grants Moldovan Citizens Visa-Free Travel". 27 April 2014.
  3. ^ "Press corner | European Commission". Europa.eu. Retrieved 2022-03-07.
  4. ^ Visa information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan.
  5. ^ Visa regime for foreign citizens, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of Albania.
  6. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  7. ^ Travel to Andorra, Ministry of External Affairs of Andorra.
  8. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  9. ^ Countries exempt from visa, Department of Immigration of Antigua and Barbuda.
  10. ^ Visa regime, National Directorate of Migrations of Argentina (in Spanish).
  11. ^ Visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.
  12. ^ Visitor visa options, Department of Home Affairs of Australia.
  13. ^ "Australia Subclass 600".
  14. ^ Schengen visa, Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs of Austria.
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  358. ^ "VISA". Migration.gov.rw. 2013-09-10. Archived from the original on 2013-10-16. Retrieved 2013-10-22.
  359. ^ "(Official Government Website)". Myanmar E visa. Archived from the original on 2013-10-19. Retrieved 2013-10-22.
  360. ^ "Online Visa Application". Eta.gov.lk. Retrieved 2013-10-22.
  361. ^ ":::Snedai:::". Archived from the original on 2014-03-27. Retrieved 2014-03-24.
  362. ^ Baker, Vicky (20 June 2013). "Passport expiry dates and blank pages: what are the rules?". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 January 2024. The number of remaining blank pages a passport should have is also an issue. Some travellers have reported arriving with one or less than one full page left and waiting for hours at immigration, until an official reluctantly grants them entry. The FCO lists no hard and fast rules because, in many cases, there aren't any.
  363. ^ "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires (sic) Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that require vaccination for all travellers older that 9 months or 1 year: Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameron, Central African Republic, Congo, Côte d'lvoire, DRC, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Niger, Togo.
  364. ^ "Fièvre jaune" (in French). September 2, 2018. Retrieved August 27, 2019.
  365. ^ "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that requires (sic) vaccination for travellers from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission or transit for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
  366. ^ Country list - Yellow fever vaccination requirements and recommendations; and malaria situation; and other vaccination requirement
  367. ^ "Foreign Affairs Manual, 9 FAM 403.9-3(B)(2) f". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
  368. ^ "Visitor Visa". travel.state.gov. US Department of State. Retrieved 13 January 2024. Passport valid for travel to the United States – Your passport must be valid for at least six months beyond your period of stay in the United States (unless exempt by country-specific agreements). Each individual who needs a visa must submit a separate application, including any family members listed in your passport.
  369. ^ "Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Republic of Turkey. Archived from the original on 8 October 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2018. Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports: 1. Germany – Passports expired within the last year / ID's expired within the last year, 2. Belgium - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 3. France - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 4. Spain - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 5. Switzerland - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 6. Luxemburg - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 7. Portugal - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 8. Bulgaria – Valid ordinary passport
  370. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions". Embassy of Japan in Malaysia. Retrieved 13 January 2024. Q: Do I need at least 6 months passport validity in order to enter Japan? A: Japan does not have any regulations relating to passport validity, so long as your passport will be valid until after you leave Japan.
  371. ^ "Entering the UK". Gov.UK. Retrieved 17 March 2021. You're not from an EEA country: you must have a valid passport to enter the UK. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.
  372. ^ Bahrain government website
  373. ^ "Passports and Visa | GoIsrael - the Official Website of Tourism to Israel".
  374. ^ "Government Of Peru Requires Six-Month Validity On Passports To Enter Peru". Traveling & Living in Peru. 2 January 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  375. ^ "Bureau of Immigration of the Republic of the Philippines". Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  376. ^ Timatic
  377. ^ "Maldives Reduces Passport Validity Requirement of Minimum 6 Months to Just 1 Month". Corporate Maldives. 24 October 2020. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  378. ^ Government of Canada -- Overcome criminal convictions
  379. ^ "No entry for Modi into US: visa denied | India News - Times of India". The Times of India. Mar 18, 2005. Retrieved 2020-09-29.
  380. ^ "Travel Report - Kuwait". Voyage.gc.ca. 2012-11-16. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  381. ^ Travel Advice for Lebanon - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Archived 2008-12-24 at the Wayback Machine and Lebanese Ministry of Tourism Archived 2009-03-27 at the Wayback Machine
  382. ^ "Travel Advice for Libya - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Smartraveller.gov.au. Archived from the original on 2013-06-22. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  383. ^ Travel Advice for Syria - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Archived 2008-12-19 at the Wayback Machine and Syrian Ministry of Tourism
  384. ^ "Travel Advice for Yemen - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Smartraveller.gov.au. Archived from the original on 2011-08-20. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  385. ^ Calder, Simon (24 April 2017). "Airline lobbying for a relaxation of draconian rules for London-Auckland travellers". The Independent. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Travellers heading west from the UK to New Zealand may soon be able to avoid the onerous requirement to clear US border control during the refuelling stop at Los Angeles airport (LAX). Unlike almost every other country in the world, the US insists on a full immigration check even for passengers who simply intend to re-board their plane to continue onwards to a foreign destination. Air New Zealand, which flies daily from Heathrow via Los Angeles to Auckland, says there are currently "strict requirements for travellers" in transit at LAX. Through passengers to Auckland on flight NZ1 or Heathrow on NZ2 must apply in advance for an ESTA (online visa) even though they have no intention of staying in the US. They also have to undergo screening by the Transportation Security Administration.
  386. ^ "How to enter Afghanistan. The Entry Requirements for Afghanistan - CountryReports". Countryreports.org.
  387. ^ Nordland, Rod (19 November 2011). "In Afghanistan, Big Plans to Gather Biometric Data". The New York Times.
  388. ^ "Argentina strengthens migratory control". Archived from the original on 2 December 2013.
  389. ^ "Cambodia Foreign Entry Requirements". Us-passport-information.com. Archived from the original on 5 July 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  390. ^ "China to Start Fingerprinting Foreign Visitors". Air Canada. 31 Jan 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Effective April 27, 2018, border control authorities at all of China's ports of entry, including its airports, will start collecting the fingerprints of all foreign visitors aged between 14 and 70. Diplomatic passport holders and beneficiaries of reciprocal agreements are exempted..
  391. ^ "Äthiopien: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswaertiges-amt.de.
  392. ^ "Visa". paf.gov.gn.
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  394. ^ "Anger as Japan moves to fingerprint foreigners - World". Theage.com.au. 2007-10-26.
  395. ^ "Immigration & Visas FAQs". Kenya Airports Authority. Retrieved 6 May 2019. Will visitors still have their digital photo and fingerprints taken at the immigration desk on arrival? Yes, the need to have photos and fingerprints taken upon arrival is to authenticate that the person who applied for the Visa is the same person at the port of entry
  396. ^ "Malaysia". CountryReports. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
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  398. ^ "S Korea to scan fingerprints of suspicious foreign visitors - People's Daily Online". peopledaily.com.cn. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  399. ^ "National News Bureau of Thailand".
  400. ^ AfricaNews (2019-01-14). "Gemalto awarded Uganda's new e-Immigration solution with fast-track border crossing eKiosks at Entebbe Airport". Africanews. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  401. ^ Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016). "Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process". Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved 25 April 2019. While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC's 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the "what if" stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  402. ^ Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013). "U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
  403. ^ Lipton, Eric (15 December 2006). "Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
  404. ^ Campoy, Ana (17 April 2019). "The US wants to scan the faces of all air passengers leaving the country". Quartz. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  405. ^ "ICAO Document 9303: Machine Readable Travel Documents, Part 9: Deployment of Biometric Identification and Electronic Storage of Data in MRTDs, 7th edition" (PDF). 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  406. ^ "Iris Scan Implemented at Doha International Airport". Archived from the original on 8 January 2012.
  407. ^ "Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE". SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018. The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn't the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
  408. ^ Roberts, Jeff John (12 September 2016). "Homeland Security Plans to Expand Fingerprint and Eye Scanning at Borders". Fortune. Fortune Media IP Limited. Retrieved 24 April 2019. Unlike with documents, it's very hard for a traveler to present a forged copy of a fingerprint or iris. That's why the U.S. Department of Homeland Security plans to vastly expand the amount of biometric data it collects at the borders. According to Passcode, a new program will ramp up a process to scan fingers and eyes in order to stop people entering and exiting the country on someone else's passport.
  409. ^ "Singapore tests eye scans at immigration checkpoints". Reuters. 6 August 2018. Retrieved 24 April 2019. Singapore has started scanning travellers' eyes at some of its border checkpoints, its immigration authority said on Monday, in a trial of expensive technology that could one day replace fingerprint verification.
  410. ^ Lee, Vivien (6 August 2018). "5 Reasons We Prefer Iris Scans To Fingerprint Checks At Our Borders In Singapore". Retrieved 24 April 2019. The iris technology could potentially scan irises covertly, as opposed to the scanning of thumbprints which necessitates active participation.
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  417. ^ "Office of Biometric Identity Management". 23 January 2020.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad Holders of biometric passports only.
  2. ^
    • Panghok - Taichang (Vietnam)
    • Lantui - Baka (China)
    • Meuang mom - Wan Pong (Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng Dry Port - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Nonghaed - Nam kanh (Vietnam)
    • Pakxan - Bungkan (Thailand)
    • Nam phao - Cau treo (Vietnam)
    • Na pao - Cha lo (Vietnam)
    • Nam ngeun - Huay konl (Thailand)
    • Namheuang - Nakaseng (Thailand)
    • Phoudou (Thailand)
    • Nam soy - Na meo (Vietnam)
    • Phoukeua - Kontoum (Vietnam)
    • Lalai (Vietnam)
    • Pangmone - Phayao (Thailand)
    • Daktaock - Nam Giang (Vietnam)
    • Savannakhet Airport
  3. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Bokeo
  4. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Khammouane
    • Bokeo
  5. ^
    • Samliemkham (Thailand and Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Daensavan - Lao bao (Vietnam)
    • Veunkham - Nong nok khian (Cambodia)
    • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
    • Boten - Bo han (China)
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