Jump to content

2024 Columbia University pro-Palestinian campus occupations

Coordinates: 40°48′27″N 73°57′43″W / 40.80750°N 73.96194°W / 40.80750; -73.96194
Extended-protected article
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For 2024 pro-Palestinian protests on university campuses, see 2024 pro-Palestinian protests on university campuses. For a list of pro-Palestinian protests on university campuses in the United States, see List of pro-Palestinian protests on university campuses in the United States in 2024.

2024 Columbia University pro-Palestinian campus occupation
Part of the pro-Palestinian protests on university campuses, the Israel–Hamas war protests in the United States, and student activism at Columbia University
A scene of the second campus encampment, several days after the NYPD arrested students and removed the first encampment.
DateApril 17, 2024 – June 2, 2024
(1 month, 2 weeks and 2 days)
Location
Columbia University, New York City, New York, United States

40°48′27″N 73°57′43″W / 40.80750°N 73.96194°W / 40.80750; -73.96194
Caused by
GoalsColumbia University's divestment from Israel
Methods
Resulted in
  • Columbia University maintains financial ties with Israeli companies
  • Some student protesters suspended
  • Multiple protesters injured and/or arrested
  • Resignation of Minouche Shafik
Parties

Pro-Palestinian groups:

Gaza Solidarity Encampment:

Supporting groups:

Local and school authorities:

Pro-Israel counterprotesters:

Lead figures

No centralized leadership

Casualties
Injuries
  • 37 protesters injured[1]
  • 9 protesters hospitalized[1]
Arrested232 protesters arrested[a]

A series of occupation protests by pro-Palestinian students occurred at Columbia University in New York City from April to June 2024, in the context of the broader Israel–Hamas war protests in the United States. The protests began on April 17, 2024, when pro-Palestinian students established an encampment of approximately 50 tents on the university campus, calling it the Gaza Solidarity Encampment,[2][3] and demanded the university divest from Israel.

The first encampment was dismantled when university president Minouche Shafik authorized the New York City Police Department (NYPD) to enter the campus on April 18 and conduct mass arrests.[3][4] A new encampment was built the next day. The administration then entered into negotiations with protesters, which failed on April 29 and resulted in the suspension of student protesters.[5] The next day, protesters broke into and occupied Hamilton Hall,[6] leading to a second NYPD raid, the arrest of more than 100 protesters, and the full dismantling of the camp.[7] The arrests marked the first time Columbia allowed police to suppress campus protests since the 1968 demonstrations against the Vietnam War.[8] On May 31, a third campus encampment was briefly established in response to an alumni reunion.[9]

As a result of the protests, Columbia University switched to hybrid learning (incorporating more online learning) for the rest of the semester.[10] The protests encouraged other actions at multiple universities. Several antisemitic incidents took place near the protests.[11] Organizers have said they were the work of outside agitators and non-students.[12] Pro-Palestinian Jewish protesters have said that incidents of antisemitism by protesters are not representative of the protest movement.[11] On May 6, the school administration canceled the university-wide graduation ceremony scheduled for May 15.[13] Shafik announced her resignation from the presidency on August 14.[14]

Background

Israel–Hamas war demonstrations at Columbia University

Further information: Israel–Hamas war protests in the United States and Student activism at Columbia University
A vigil for Israel at Columbia University in October 2023

Pro-Palestinian and pro-Israel students have staged demonstrations at Columbia University during the Israel–Hamas war.[15] Pro-Palestinian activists at Columbia have said that their movement is anti-Zionist,[16] and protests at Columbia have been organized by anti-Zionist groups.[17]

On October 12, 2023, the university closed its campus after opposing demonstrations collided.[18] In November 2023, the administration suspended Students for Justice in Palestine and Jewish Voice for Peace after they held an unauthorized student walkout, furthering conflicts between faculty and administration; the university claimed that one person at the event shouted anti-Semitic epithets.[19] That same month, students walked out of a class taught by Hillary Clinton after she made remarks opposing a ceasefire.[20]

In January 2024, students at a pro-Palestinian demonstration on campus were sprayed with a chemical that they alleged to be Skunk, a foul-smelling spray usually used as crowd control by the Israel Defense Forces, causing various injuries.[21][22][23] In response, demonstrators organized a protest outside the university.[24] The New York City Police Department announced that it would investigate the event as a potential hate crime.[25] SJP and JVP published a report stating that the perpetrators were former IDF soldiers and current Columbia students.[21] In April, one of the perpetrators, who had been suspended the previous month, sued the university under the pseudonym John Doe, claiming that he had actually sprayed non-toxic "gag gift" fart sprays he had purchased from Amazon, adding that pro-Palestine students doxxed him in retaliation.[26][27]

In March 2024, students held an unauthorized "Resistance 101" event. University administration hired a private investigation firm to investigate the event and suspended four students for hosting it.[28]

The encampment

A group of pro-Palestinian protesters outside Columbia University in April 2024

At the entrance to the encampment on Columbia's east lawn was posted "Gaza Solidarity Encampment Community Guidelines". Some of these guidelines were to not take pictures of people without their permission, not to use drugs or alcohol in the encampment, and not to engage with counter-protesters. Speaking to the press was allowed only between 2 and 4 pm. Other signs on the perimeter said "Demilitarize education" and "Globalize the Intifada". Students created their own chants and passed out flyers that read "Do you feel safe sending your child to a school which gives up its students to the police?"[29] There was a buffet-style meal service with abundant food.[30]

Student protesters called on Columbia to financially divest from any company with business ties to the Israeli government, including Lockheed Martin, Microsoft, Google, and Amazon.[31]

Participants

The campus occupation was organized by Columbia University Apartheid Divest (CUAD), a student-led coalition of over 120 groups;[32] Students for Justice in Palestine (SJP); and Jewish Voice for Peace (JVP). These groups have participated in New York City's pro-Palestinian demonstrations since the October 2023 start of the Israel–Hamas war.[33]

Local group Within Our Lifetime (WOL) organized protests around the campus perimeter in support of the encampment, clashing with the NYPD.[34][35][36] Other groups protesting outside campus included Neturei Karta, a Jewish anti-Zionist sect,[37][38][39][40] Uptown for Palestine,[41] and a coalition composed of Palestinian Youth Movement, The People's Forum, ANSWER Coalition, and the Palestinian Assembly for Liberation-Awda.[42][43][44]

Groups of pro-Israel counterprotesters were also present outside the university and were generally much smaller,[8] with the exception of an April 26 march outside campus organized by StandWithUs and right-wing Christian Zionists that drew hundreds of people.[45]

Timeline

April 17–21: first encampment, eviction, and second encampment

On April 17, beginning around 4 am,[46] about 70 protesters sat in tents bearing the Palestinian flag on the East Butler Lawn.[47] Protesters put up banners reading "Gaza Solidarity Encampment" and "Liberated Zone".[3] A substantial NYPD presence was noted outside the university as soon as the encampment was established.[36] Activity in the encampment included a teach-in and film screening.[3] That morning, at about 10 am, Columbia University president Minouche Shafik testified before the House Committee on Education and the Workforce, an event that had been planned weeks before.[48] She had previously been invited to attend the November 2023 United States Congress hearing on antisemitism but had declined, citing a scheduling conflict.

NYPD during their arrests of approximately 100 students who remained inside the original East Lawn encampment. A crowd of protesters and bystanding students surrounds them.
NYPD cleaning the original encampment on the East Lawn, shortly after the arrests.

The next day, the Shafik-authorized[49] New York City Police Department Strategic Response Group[50] entered the encampment to arrest protesters[51] as Columbia University employees cleared the tents.[52] CUAD (Columbia University Apartheid Divest) said the university had dumped students' confiscated belongings in a nearby alley.[46] Three students were suspended, including Isra Hirsi, the daughter of U.S. Representative Ilhan Omar.[53] After the NYPD appeared, a group of pro-Israel counter-protesters congregated to celebrate the university's response, waving American and Israeli flags.[54] A protest on 114th Street and Amsterdam Avenue formed, but dispersed to allow buses with detained protesters to exit.[55]

Pro-Palestinian student protesters gathered on the opposite West lawn, the evening after the arrests.

Despite the dismantlement of the encampment, protesters soon moved to an adjacent lawn on campus, the West Lawn of the Butler Lawns,[56] where they hoisted their banners and pitched several tents.[3][57] Public intellectual and independent presidential candidate Cornel West appeared to show solidarity.[58] A group protested outside the university's main entrance on 116th Street.[59] Protesters on 116th Street and Broadway moved toward 120th Street after a man was taken into custody.[60] All of the protesters the NYPD arrested were released by late evening.[29]

Sit-in through the second day after arrests, with the East side of the lawn getting barricaded, to prevent reestablishment of the original encampment.

On April 19, protesters remained camped out on campus; SJP chapters at the University of North Carolina, Boston University, and Ohio State University, as well as the Harvard College Palestine Solidarity Committee at Harvard University, announced rallies in solidarity with the Columbia protesters.[61] Norman Finkelstein, an anti-Zionist political scientist and activist, appeared and gave a speech to protesters.[29] A Muslim jummah prayer service and a Jewish Kabbalat Shabbat prayer service were held at the encampment in the afternoon and evening, respectively.[29] On April 18, the university informed the student protesters who had been arrested that they were indefinitely suspended.[62]

During the weekend of April 20–21, public safety officers from the administration told WKCR-FM, which had been broadcasting information about the protest, to vacate its office due to an unspecified danger. Staff refused, saying they had a responsibility to broadcast information 24/7.[63][64] WKCR later said it was a misunderstanding.[63] Protesters also targeted some Jewish students with "antisemitic vitriol", leaving some Jewish students "fearful for their safety on the campus and its vicinity".[65]

New tents added after the reinstatement of the encampment

On April 21, Elie Buechler, a rabbi associated with Columbia University's Orthodox Union Jewish Learning Initiative on Campus, recommended that Jewish students "return home as soon as possible and remain home", arguing that the ongoing campus occupation had "made it clear that Columbia University’s Public Safety and the NYPD cannot guarantee Jewish students’ safety".[66][67] Footage of protests over the weekend showed some protesters using antisemitic language against Jewish students, and many Jewish students said they felt unsafe.[68]

April 22–28: walkout, negotiations suspended, and counter-protests

The second encampment grows into over 60 tents, with barricades isolating it from pedestrians walking through the university's lawn

Hundreds of Columbia faculty members walked out of classes to protest the university's response to the protest.[69] Because of the protest, the university canceled classes on April 22,[70][71] and then said it would switch to blended learning for the remainder of the semester.[10] The Columbia Elections Board announced that a referendum on divestment from Israel, originally proposed by CUAD on March 3, 2024, had passed by a large margin, showing that Columbia's student body mostly supported the initiative.[72][73] In the evening, the students celebrated a Seder on the first evening of Passover.[74][75]

Signs at the second encampment, including one stating: "Welcome to the People's University for Palestine"

On April 23, A student organizer said that protesters were in negotiations with the university through a legal negotiator but declined to share details. Ben Chang, Columbia's spokesperson, said that organizers had met with university officials in the early morning to discuss the situation.[76] Shafik issued a midnight deadline for protesters to either agree to vacate campus or face the university's consideration of "alternative options for clearing the West Lawn and restoring calm to campus".[77] Jewish pro-Palestinian students held Passover Seder within the encampment.[74][78]

Shortly after midnight on April 24, SJP reported that protesters had suspended negotiations because the university had threatened to call in the New York Army National Guard to clear them out, saying they would not return to the negotiating table until Columbia rescinded its threat. But the university said that "important progress" had been made in negotiations and that Shafik's original deadline would be extended by 48 hours, that the students had agreed to reduce the number of tents, and that they would ensure that protesters not affiliated with Columbia would leave campus. Protesters were seen taking down and moving some tents.[79][80] Meanwhile, the NYPD dispersed about 100 protesters outside campus.[80]

In the afternoon of April 24, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Mike Johnson gave a speech in front of Low Library condemning the protesters and calling for Shafik to resign. Some in attendance loudly booed him.[81] During his speech, Johnson said that during the October 7 attack, "infants were cooked in ovens",[82] an unsubstantiated claim.[83] Later, he called on President Joe Biden to deploy the National Guard to quell the protests;[84] White House Press Secretary Karine Jean-Pierre replied that such deployment is up to the state governor, not the president.[85] The next day, Palestine Legal filed a Title VI suit with regard to suspended students.[86] The Columbia Board of Trustees issued statements in affirmation of Shafik.[87] The Columbia student senate held an emergency meeting with Shafik to consider censuring her.[88]

On April 26, a United for Israel counter-march, organized by StandWithUs and some right-wing organizations, was held around Columbia and stopped at the gates.[45] Some marchers harassed pro-Palestinian counter-protesters and targeted some counter-protesters inside the gates.[45] U.S. Representatives Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Jamaal Bowman visited the encampment.[89] Columbia library workers issued a statement condemning Shafik for deploying police and private security against the protesters.[90] More than 1,000 pro-Israel protesters organized by the "New York Hostage and Missing Families Forum" rallied at 116th and Broadway.[91] The University Senate announced plans to call for a censure vote against Shafik but decided instead to vote on a resolution expressing displeasure with her out of fear of ousting the president in a time of crisis.[88]

Khymani James, a Columbia student who had emerged as a leader of the protest movement, was barred from campus after a video from January surfaced in which they said, "Zionists don’t deserve to live". Some protest groups condemned the comment, although one protest group, Columbia University Apartheid Divest, retracted its condemnation in October 2024 and apologized to James, calling for violence against supporters of Israeli policy.[92][93] The New York Times said the student's comments raised the question, "How much of the movement in support of the Palestinian people in Gaza is tainted by antisemitism?"[94][95] On April 27, the student suspended for their "Zionists don't deserve to live" comment apologized.[96] The NYPD said that outside agitators were trying to hijack the protests, and that they were ready to raid the campus if needed.[96] The next day, the administration called for the protesters to leave, and said that bringing back the NYPD would be counterproductive.[97]

April 29–May 2: occupation of Hamilton Hall, subsequent raid, and arrests

Negotiations between protesters and the university came to a "dead end" on April 29. The administration threatened to suspend students still in the encampment by 2 pm. It also offered a partial amnesty deal.[98] CUAD voted to stay in the encampment after the deadline, and SJP told members not to sign any administration deals. Faculty linked arms around the encampment before the deadline. Despite the threats, students stayed in the encampment and surrounding areas.[99][100][101] Suspensions began later that day.[5] Meanwhile, a Jewish student sued the university for failing to provide a safe environment,[100] police set up barricades outside the university,[102] and alumni wrote Shafik a letter asking her to clear the encampment.[103]

In the early morning of April 30, protesters occupied Hamilton Hall, breaking windows,[6] and barricaded themselves inside. Protesters unfurled a banner purporting to rename the building "Hind's Hall" in honor of Hind Rajab, a young Palestinian girl killed by Israeli forces.[104] As a result, the campus was locked down and higher police presence was noted near campus; the NYPD and the university said they would not send police in.[103] The administration threatened to expel students who participated in the hall takeover.[105] "Professional agitator" Lisa Fithian was spotted aiding protesters breaking into Hamilton Hall.[106]

Late in the evening, a heavy riot police presence was seen outside the campus. The administration told students to shelter in place due to "heightened activity". The NYPD prepared to raid the campus after a letter from Shafik gave it permission.[107] Protesters appeared undeterred, continuing chants.[7] At around 9 pm, the NYPD entered campus with administration approval. The administration blamed protesters for escalating by taking Hamilton Hall.[7] According to Shafik's letter to the NYPD Deputy Commissioner of Legal Matters requesting police intervention, someone hid in the building until it closed, then let others in. Columbia believed that while students were among those who entered, their leaders were unaffiliated with the university.[108] Police used flash-bang grenades to breach the building and arrested more than 100 protesters.[107] Officers were seen entering the building with weapons drawn, and a shot was fired inside the building.[109] The district attorney's office said no one was injured and their Police Accountability Unit was reviewing the incident.[109] By the end of the night, Hamilton Hall and the entire campus were cleared, including the encampment.[110]

According to Manhattan District Attorney Alvin Bragg, 109 people were arrested at Columbia.[111] In the letter to the deputy commissioner, Shafik requested an NYPD presence through at least May 17,[108] two days after the scheduled commencement. On May 2, the NYPD announced that during arrests at Columbia, out of 112 people arrested, 32 were not affiliated with the school.[112][113] Mayor Eric Adams said there was evidence that two outside agitators and "professionals", Lisa Fithian and the wife of Sami Al-Arian, had given students tactical knowledge and training to escalate the protests.[112]

May 6–16: Graduation ceremony canceled and continued protests

Despite claims that the police sweep was done to ensure a main graduation commencement, especially as the class of 2024 had its high school commencement canceled due to COVID, the university decided on May 6 to cancel the main commencement, though the various colleges and schools of the university planned to hold separate commencements.[114]

Small pro-Palestinian protests were held outside the homes of some Columbia University trustees on May 7. During one such protest, a pro-Israel man argued with some of the protesters before driving into the protest. The driver and a struck protester were both arrested and treated at the hospital for minor injuries.[115]

On May 16, faculty, students and religious leaders held a "People's Graduation" ceremony at the Cathedral of St. John the Divine for students who were punished for participating in the encampment. Palestinian-American poet Fady Joudah and Palestinian journalist Hind Khoudary spoke at the event.[116][117]

May 31–2 June: Alumni weekend encampment

On May 31, students regrouped and launched a third encampment. About 100 students participated in the protest, which was said to be a response to the Rafah offensive and a Washington Post article revealing that elites pressured Adams into sending the NYPD in during the second raid. Students said the encampment was only the first of a continued protest presence on the campus, remaining for alumni reunion weekend.[118][119] By 7 pm, about two dozen students with ten tents had occupied part of the South Lawn during the university's alumni reunion. According to Columbia SJP, the protesters identify as "an autonomous group of Palestinian students".[9] The encampment was dismantled on June 2, once the alumni weekend ended. The NYPD briefly entered the campus to document vandalism that took place.[120]

August 8

Columbia Chief Operating Officer Cas Holloway's apartment building was vandalized with red paint and crickets at 3 a.m.[121] Several flyers, including a Wanted Poster with Holloway's picture on it, were posted nearby.[122]

September 3

On the first day of the Fall semester, a protest organized by CUAD took place outside the school entrance on 116th Street and Broadway.[123] On campus, someone dumped a can of red paint on the Alma Mater statue.[124][125]

Protests at other university campuses

Map
Universities in the United States with Israel–Hamas war protests since April 2024. Columbia University is marked in red. Other colleges that had encampments are marked in green, and non-encampment protests are marked in blue.
Main article: 2024 pro-Palestinian protests on university campuses
These paragraphs are an excerpt from List of pro-Palestinian protests on university campuses in the United States in 2024.[edit]

Demonstrations initially spread in the United States on April 22, when students at several universities on the East Coast—including New York University, Yale University, Emerson College, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and Tufts University—began occupying campuses, as well as experiencing mass arrests in New York and at Yale.[126] Protests emerged throughout the U.S. in the following days, with protest camps established on over 40 campuses.[127] On April 25, mass arrests occurred at Emerson College, the University of Southern California, and the University of Texas at Austin.[128]

A continued crackdown on April 27 led to approximately 275 arrests at Washington, Northeastern, Arizona State, and Indiana University Bloomington.[129][130] Several professors were among those detained at Emory University,[131] and at Washington University in St. Louis, university employees were arrested.[129] On April 28, counter-protests were held at MIT, the University of Pennsylvania, and the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).[132] On April 30, approximately 300 protesters were arrested at Columbia University and City College of New York;[133] and pro-Israel counter-protesters attacked the UCLA campus occupation,[134][135][136] The following day over 200 arrests were made at UCLA.[137]

Hundreds of arrests ensued in May, notably[b] at the Art Institute of Chicago, University of California, San Diego, the Fashion Institute of Technology in New York,[138] and University of California, Irvine.[139] On May 20, the first strike by academic workers took place on campuses in California at UC Santa Cruz,[140] followed by UC Davis and UCLA on May 28.[141]

Controversies

Allegations of antisemitism

Multiple sources have quoted some Jewish students as feeling unsafe or targeted as a result of the protests.[65][66] Criticism increased when a January 2024 recording of one organizer, Khymani James, saying "Zionists don't deserve to live" was released.[94] One Jewish student who wore a Star of David chain said she was confronted by a masked pro-Palestinian demonstrator on campus, who demanded to know if she was a Zionist.[142] James apologized when the remarks were publicized in April 2024. James said on X: "I affirm the sanctity of all life and the movement for liberation."[143] In April, he was barred from campus and suspended.[144][94] In October, he retracted his apology.[144] At Columbia, U.S. Representative Kathy Manning described seeing signs calling for the destruction of Israel. Freshman student Nicholas Baum described hearing protesters "calling for Hamas to blow away Tel Aviv and Israel."[145] Another protester was recorded holding a sign reading "Al-Qassam's next targets" in front of student counter-protesters holding Israeli flags.[146][147]

On April 20, protesters both on and off campus were recorded targeting Jewish students with antisemitic vitriol, resulting in condemnation from both the White House and the New York Mayor's office. A chapter of the international Orthodox Jewish movement present at the campus hired guards to escort Jewish students home from Chabad.[65] According to The Times Of Israel, protesters at the encampment were filmed chanting "Zionists not allowed here", while another protester called for "10,000 October 7ths". One Jewish student reported protesters saying "kill all the Jews" and "we want one Arab state", describing the campus as a "hotbed for radical antisemitism".[148] Protesters from outside the campus were filmed yelling "Go back to Poland".[65][149] CUAD organizers put out a statement distancing themselves from "inflammatory individuals who do not represent us".[149] CUAD's rhetoric has since changed; in October, it distributed literature praising the October 7 attacks and saying, "The Palestinian resistance is moving their struggle to a new phase of escalation and it is our duty to meet them there."[150]

Pro-Palestinian Jewish protesters have rejected assertions that the protest is antisemitic and unsafe for Jewish students,[11][74] and the Columbia Daily Spectator reported that pro-Israeli counter-protesters have called pro-Palestinian Jewish protesters "fake Jews" or "kapos".[45] Many Jewish students, while denouncing antisemitism, felt solidarity with pro-Palestinian protesters.[65] Progressive and student opinion writers have argued that national media may be pushing a skewed narrative by characterizing the protest as antisemitic and hateful.[151][152][153] Some protesters have alleged that agitators and non-students were responsible for antisemitic incidents.[12]

Susan Bernofsky, a Columbia professor, said: "I do not feel that this project is antisemitic in any way. I do feel that the students are highly critical of Israeli politics. And I do not feel threatened as a Jewish faculty member in any way by what's happening on this campus – except by the arrest of many of our students."[154] In reference to protesters, John McWhorter, a Columbia professor, said, "I find it very hard to imagine that they are antisemitic", adding that there is "a fine line between questioning Israel's right to exist and questioning Jewish people's right to exist" but that "some of the rhetoric amid the protests crosses it."[155][156]

Allegations of anti-Palestinianism and Islamophobia

Palestine Legal's lawsuit against Columbia University alleges that Columbia held pro-Palestinian students to a different standard "through its policies, statements and other administrative actions". The lawsuit says that Columbia did not respond to the doxxing of pro-Palestinian students in October 2023, that it mishandled an incident where two pro-Israel students sprayed pro-Palestinian students with skunk spray in January 2024, and that it delayed an investigation into the conduct of professor Shai Davidai, who had over 50 harassment complaints against him.

Columbia is quick to condemn speech it deems hateful or offensive to non-Palestinians, but when Palestinian students are the targets of anti-Palestinian hate or violence, the university stalls or fails to condemn the actions. When it does make a statement, Columbia fails to note that Palestinian students were the victims, unlike when non-Palestinians are harmed.[157]

Eric Adams cited the presence of Nahla Al-Arian at the Columbia encampment as a justification for the NYPD's raid, calling her an "outside agitator" trying to "radicalize our children" and implying that she posed a threat because of her husband Sami Al-Arian's prosecution on terror charges during the early years of the War on Terror.[158][159]

On October 16, Columbia barred Davidai from entering campus, citing his harassment and intimidation of school employees.[160]

Responses

Representative Jerrold Nadler, a Columbia alumnus and the House of Representatives' longest-serving Jewish member, wrote that "Columbia has an obligation to protect students and their learning environment".[161] New York City mayor Eric Adams said, "Students have a right to free speech but do not have a right to violate university policies and disrupt learning on campus".[162] President Joe Biden referenced the protests in his statement on Passover, saying "harassment and calls for violence against Jews ... has absolutely no place on college campuses". A separate White House statement condemned "physical intimidation targeting Jewish students and the Jewish community" on Columbia's campus.[163] Former president and presumptive Republican nominee Donald Trump said: "The police came in and in exactly two hours, everything was over. It was a beautiful thing to watch."[164]

Columbia University alum and former trustee Robert Kraft, who founded Columbia's Kraft Center for Jewish Student Life, wrote on Instagram: "I am no longer confident that Columbia can protect its students and staff and I am not comfortable supporting the university until corrective action is taken."[165] The union representing Columbia student workers released a statement calling for "the immediate reinstatement of all student and student workers disciplined for pro-Palestine protests and the end to the repression of protest on Columbia's campus".[166]

Ocasio-Cortez wrote on X: "Calling in police enforcement on non-violent demonstrations of young students on campus is an escalatory, reckless, and dangerous act. It represents a heinous failure of leadership that puts people’s lives at risk. I condemn it in the strongest possible terms."[167] U.N. special rapporteur on human rights defenders Mary Lawlor called Columbia's threat to suspend students for not ending the encampment "a clear violation of their right to peaceful assembly".[168]

At Columbia

An editor of the Columbia Daily Spectator, Milène Klein, said that alarmists were making the protest all about antisemitism or being against Jewish students.[169] The Columbia Faculty of Arts and Sciences policy and planning committee condemned outside media coverage of the protest as "sensationalistic" and said it was "distressed by reports that conflate on-campus protests with the actions of bad actors from outside of our community", while condemning all forms of discrimination.[151]

Columbia Law School professors condemned the mass arrests as well as the suspensions of students in a letter[170][142] to the university's leadership, calling the actions taken by Columbia's administration "concerning" and saying they "lack transparency".[12]

On August 14, Columbia President Minouche Shafik resigned, citing "a period of turmoil where it has been difficult to overcome divergent views across our community".[171]

Media coverage

The occupation, ensuing crackdowns, and national spread had extensive media coverage. Some reporting by mainstream media outlets was decried as misleading and biased against protesters.[172] In an article for al-Jazeera, University of Michigan student Ahmad Ibsais called media coverage of the protest movement "sensationalist" and said that accusations of antisemitism were false.[173] The New Republic alleged that the protests' true causes were overshadowed by coverage of antisemitism and police crackdowns.[172] The Faculty of Arts and Sciences at Columbia condemned supposed inaccurate and discriminatory reporting of the protest.[174] Deputy Editor Noah Bernstein of the Columbia Daily Spectator said that outside media coverage was generally slanted against the protesters.[175] Students were reportedly weary of the media, with some refusing to be interviewed.[176] The media was also criticized for its claims of outside agitators at the protests, which has been called misinformation.[177]

Columbia's campus radio station WKCR-FM partially suspended its usual programming to cover the demonstrations.[64] The station was applauded for its coverage of the situation, especially during the second raid. NBC News said WKCR was praised for its live coverage of the event.[178] Business Insider praised the anchors' professionalism during the raid.[179] The Guardian called the radio broadcast "chaotic and thrilling".[180] The Nation said the student journalists were better than most mainstream media outlets.[181] Other student journalists were also praised for their coverage, including at the Spectator.[182]

Investigative reporters for the Washington Post discovered that New York Mayor Eric Adams participated in a group chat with a group of pro-Israel billionaires with close ties to Israeli cabinet officials and ambassadors who discussed hiring private investigators to "handle" the protest and trying to pressure Columbia's president and trustees to cooperate with Adams and the NYPD.[183]

Restrictions

Early on April 30, Columbia suspended press access to campus, and said only identified students and essential personnel would be allowed in.[184] In preparation to enter the campus, the NYPD closed multiple streets in and around the campus, the administration locked down Hamilton Hall, and all freedom of movement was restricted. In an op-ed for The New York Times, Mara Gay wrote that, because of these restrictions, journalists were unable to fully assess what occurred during the second raid and could not verify allegations of police brutality. Moreover, WKCR and other student journalists were not allowed to leave their building due to threat of arrest.[185] Some outside journalists were pushed off campus or threatened if they approached the scene.[186] Jake Offenhartz of the Associated Press called it "one of the most frustrating nights for press access I've experienced as a reporter".[187] In August 2024, a student journalist with the Columbia Daily Spectator said that after she reported on the encampment, Columbia University opened an investigation into her "alleged involvement" with it.[188]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ 113 during first raid, 109 during second raid
  2. ^ As defined by CNN map of "Campus protests where arrests have been made since April 18", highlighting schools with 45 or more total arrests.[138]

References

  1. ^ a b "New York City said 'no injuries' at Columbia arrests; students' medical records say otherwise". Reuters. Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  2. ^ Goldstein, Judy. "In Focus: The first 24 hours of the 'Gaza Solidarity Encampment'". Columbia Daily Spectator. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  3. ^ a b c d e Otterman, Sharon (April 18, 2024). "Columbia Sends In the N.Y.P.D. to Arrest Protesters in Tent City". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  4. ^ Otterman, Sharon; Blinder, Alan (April 18, 2024). "Over 100 Arrested at Columbia After Pro-Palestinian Protest". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 21, 2024. Retrieved April 21, 2024.
  5. ^ a b "Columbia University begins suspensions for students at pro-Gaza encampment". nydailynews.com. New York Daily News. April 29, 2024. Archived from the original on April 30, 2024. Retrieved April 30, 2024.
  6. ^ a b Davis, Eryn; Otterman, Sharon; Nir, Sarah (April 29, 2024). "Protesters Take Over Building on Columbia Campus as Deadline Passes". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 29, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024.
  7. ^ a b c "Campus protests live updates: NYPD officers with barricades amassing outside Columbia". nbcnews.com. NBC News. Archived from the original on April 30, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  8. ^ a b "Pro-Palestinian Columbia Student Protests Continue After Arrests". TIME. April 19, 2024. Archived from the original on April 22, 2024. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  9. ^ a b Huddleston, Sarah (June 1, 2024). "Pro-Palestinian protesters repitch encampment on South Lawn during annual alumni reunion". Columbia Daily Spectator. Retrieved June 1, 2024.
  10. ^ a b Egan, Matt; Boyette, Chris; Prokupecz, Shimon; Anderson, Nic F. (April 22, 2024). "Columbia University main campus classes will be hybrid until semester ends; NYU students, faculty arrested during protests". CNN. Archived from the original on April 22, 2024. Retrieved April 23, 2024.
  11. ^ a b c Hall, Richard (April 25, 2024). "Jewish student protesters say Columbia's pro-Palestine protests aren't antisemitic". The Independent. Archived from the original on April 29, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024.
  12. ^ a b c Thakker, Prem (April 22, 2024). "Columbia Law School Faculty Condemn Administration for Mass Arrests and Suspensions". The Intercept. Archived from the original on April 22, 2024. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  13. ^ Ramsey, Khalifeh (May 6, 2024). "Columbia cancels main graduation ceremony after campus protests". Gothamist. Archived from the original on May 6, 2024. Retrieved May 6, 2024.
  14. ^ Moshtaghian, Artemis (August 15, 2024). "Columbia President Minouche Shafik steps down | CNN Business". CNN. Retrieved August 15, 2024.
  15. ^ Svrluga, Susan (April 16, 2024). "At Columbia, Israel-Gaza tensions simmer as leaders face House hearing". Washington Post. Archived from the original on April 16, 2024. Retrieved April 21, 2024.
  16. ^ Rosman, Katherine (April 29, 2024). "Universities Face an Urgent Question: What Makes a Protest Antisemitic?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 29, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024. Pro-Palestinian student activists say their movement is anti-Zionist but not antisemitic.
  17. ^ Allen, Jonathan; Brice, Makini (April 30, 2024). "US college protests: Who are the student groups and others involved". Reuters. Retrieved April 30, 2024. Among the lead student groups in the coalition are the Columbia chapters of Jewish Voice for Peace and Students for Justice in Palestine. The two decades-old anti-Zionism advocacy groups that protest Israel's military occupation have chapters across the country that have been key to protests on other campuses.
  18. ^ Stack, Liam (October 12, 2023). "Columbia Closes Campus as Israel-Hamas War Protests Erupt". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 13, 2023. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  19. ^ Marantz, Andrew (December 2, 2023). "Columbia Suspended Pro-Palestine Student Groups. The Faculty Revolted". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  20. ^ Luscombe, Richard (November 2, 2023). "Students walk out of Hillary Clinton's class to protest Columbia 'shaming' pro-Palestinian demonstrators". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on March 18, 2024. Retrieved November 30, 2023.
  21. ^ a b Ertel, Pauline. "'Negligence': Columbia students furious at university after skunk water doused on protesters". Middle East Eye. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  22. ^ Thakker, Prem (January 22, 2024). "Columbia Scolds Students for "Unsanctioned" Gaza Rally Where They Were Attacked With Chemicals". The Intercept. Archived from the original on February 19, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
  23. ^ Mendell, Chris. "Protesters allegedly sprayed with hazardous chemical at pro-Palestinian rally, nearly two dozen report". Columbia Daily Spectator. Archived from the original on January 24, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
  24. ^ Tress, Luke (February 2, 2024). "Thousands of activists gather outside Columbia U to protest treatment of campus pro-Palestinian groups". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Archived from the original on April 17, 2024. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
  25. ^ Khalifeh, Ramsey (January 23, 2024). "NYPD investigating claims that pro-Palestinian protesters at Columbia were hit with 'skunk spray'". Gothamist. Archived from the original on January 24, 2024. Retrieved January 24, 2024.
  26. ^ Forgash, Emily; Mendell, Chris (April 17, 2024). "Student accused of alleged chemical spray sues Columbia, claims substance was 'non-toxic fart spray'". Columbia Daily Spectator. Archived from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024.
  27. ^ "Multiple people arrested at Columbia as police breach occupied building". Washington post. Archived from the original on May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  28. ^ Thakker, Prem (April 15, 2024). "Ahead of Congressional Testimony, Columbia President Cracks Down on Student Advocacy for Palestine". The Intercept. Archived from the original on April 29, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024.
  29. ^ a b c d Huddleston, Sarah. "'Gaza Solidarity Encampment' enters day four as Columbia kicks off admitted students weekend". Columbia Daily Spectator. Archived from the original on April 21, 2024. Retrieved April 21, 2024.
  30. ^ Bayly, Lucy; Zdanowicz, Christina; Duster, Chandelis (April 23, 2024). "What it's like in the encampments". CNN. Archived from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024.
  31. ^ Noor, Dharna (April 25, 2024). "Student protesters are demanding universities divest from Israel. What does that mean?". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  32. ^ Prokupecz, Shimon; Tucker, Emma; Miller, John; Elassar, Alaa; Towfighi, John (April 18, 2024). "Over 100 people arrested as NYPD breaks up pro-Palestinian protest at Columbia University, law enforcement source says". CNN. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  33. ^ Barkan, Ross (February 7, 2024). "How the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Drove a Wedge Into the Democratic Party". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 7, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  34. ^ Lynch, James (April 17, 2024). "Columbia University Closes Campus as Hundreds of Anti-Israel Student Protesters Occupy Quad". National Review. Archived from the original on April 18, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  35. ^ Banerjee, Isha. "Protests outside Columbia gates in solidarity with arrested students draw hundreds". Columbia Daily Spectator. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  36. ^ a b Chakravarthy, Apurva. "NYPD arrests three pro-Palestinian protesters at 'Flood Columbia for Gaza' demonstration on 116th Street and Broadway". Columbia Daily Spectator. Archived from the original on April 18, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  37. ^ Banerjee, Isha. "Timeline: The 'Gaza Solidarity Encampment'". Columbia Daily Spectator. Archived from the original on May 2, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  38. ^ Pequeño, Sara. "College students are telling you exactly how they feel about the Israel-Hamas war. Listen". USA TODAY. Archived from the original on May 2, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  39. ^ ""United For Israel" Protest Takes Place Outside Columbia Gates". Bwog. April 26, 2024. Archived from the original on May 2, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  40. ^ "The New York Hostage And Missing Families Forum Holds Demonstration And Press Conference In Support of Israeli Hostages". Bwog. April 26, 2024. Archived from the original on May 2, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  41. ^ Cleary, Claire. "Suspended students, community members walk from 175th Street to Columbia in 'March Against Displacement'". Columbia Daily Spectator. Archived from the original on May 2, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  42. ^ Keys, Chimene. "Several New York City community organizations protest in solidarity as 'Gaza Solidarity Encampment' hits day five". Columbia Daily Spectator. Archived from the original on May 2, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  43. ^ Splaver, Gabriella Gregor. "In Focus: Seven days into the encampment". Columbia Daily Spectator. Archived from the original on May 2, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  44. ^ Starr, Michael (April 24, 2024). "Columbia extends protest deadline after students agree to dismantle some tents". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. Archived from the original on May 2, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  45. ^ a b c d Cleary, Claire. "'United for Israel March' draws hundreds, multiple incidents of harassment reported". Columbia Daily Spectator. Archived from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  46. ^ a b Walton, Lara-Nour (April 19, 2024). "Inside the Gaza Solidarity Encampment at Columbia University". ISSN 0027-8378. Archived from the original on April 22, 2024. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  47. ^ Otterman, Sharon (April 18, 2024). "The students inside the encampment are sitting in rows, their arms linked". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  48. ^ Blinder, Alan (April 17, 2024). "4 Takeaways From the Hearing on Antisemitism at Columbia University". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  49. ^ Saul, Stephanie (April 18, 2024). "A statement from the president of Columbia University". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 18, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  50. ^ Otterman, Sharon (April 18, 2024). "Police officers are from the Strategic Response Group". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  51. ^ Otterman, Sharon (April 18, 2024). "Columbia employees are starting to clear the tents". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  52. ^ Otterman, Sharon (April 18, 2024). "A small group of Jewish counterprotesters are celebrating the crackdown". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 18, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  53. ^ Otterman, Sharon; Betts, Anna (April 18, 2024). "Ilhan Omar's daughter is suspended for her involvement in the Columbia protests". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 18, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  54. ^ Otterman, Sharon (April 18, 2024). "A small group of Jewish counterprotesters are celebrating the crackdown". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  55. ^ Bensimon, Olivia (April 18, 2024). "The protest on 114th and Amsterdam is dispersing after an organizer instructed attendees to clear the roadway". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 18, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  56. ^ Otterman, Sharon (April 18, 2024). "Hundreds of students have formed a new impromptu protest around the campus lawn just west of the encampment". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 18, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  57. ^ Sanford, Karla (April 18, 2024). "Pro-Palestinian demonstrators repitched a couple of tents, and seemed to have recovered the main signage from the encampment as well". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  58. ^ Sanford, Karla (April 18, 2024). "Cornel West, a left-wing public intellectual and independent candidate for president, is addressing the student protesters". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  59. ^ Sanford, Karla (April 18, 2024). "Police officers are still standing in the eastern yard". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  60. ^ Bensimon, Olivia (April 18, 2024). "The protesters who had been fenced into an area on Broadway and 116th Street broke out of their pen and onto the roadway after police officers took a man into custody". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  61. ^ Faheid, Dalia; Alvarado, Caroll; Towfighi, John (April 19, 2024). "Students at more universities announce solidarity rallies after 108 pro-Palestinian activists are arrested at Columbia". CNN. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  62. ^ Closson, Troy; Betts, Anna (April 20, 2024). "Columbia Students Arrested Over Campus Rally May Face Other Consequences". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 21, 2024. Retrieved April 21, 2024.
  63. ^ a b Allsop, Jon. "Columbia in crisis, again". Columbia Journalism Review. Archived from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
  64. ^ a b Aminy, Najib; Rosenberg, Jacob. "Amid protests, Columbia's student radio station has become essential listening". Mother Jones. Archived from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
  65. ^ a b c d e Ferré-Sadurní, Luis; Edmonds, Colbi; Cruz, Liset (April 22, 2024). "Some Jewish Students Are Targeted as Protests Continue at Columbia". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 22, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024.
  66. ^ a b Tebor, Celina; Sottile, Zoe (April 21, 2024). "Rabbi associated with Columbia University recommends Jewish students 'return home' amid tense protests on campus". CNN. Archived from the original on April 21, 2024. Retrieved April 21, 2024.
  67. ^ Kornbluh, Jacob (April 21, 2024). "Orthodox group at Columbia advises Jewish students to leave campus amid anti-war protests". The Forward. Archived from the original on April 21, 2024. Retrieved April 21, 2024.
  68. ^ Magid, Jacob (April 22, 2024). "Dozens arrested at Yale; Columbia pauses in-person classes after 'burn Tel Aviv' calls". The Times of Israel. Archived from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
  69. ^ Oladipo, Gloria (April 22, 2024). "Columbia faculty members walk out after pro-Palestinian protesters arrested". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on April 23, 2024. Retrieved April 23, 2024.
  70. ^ Belikn, Douglas; Lukpat, Alyssa (April 22, 2024). "Columbia Cancels In-Person Classes Amid Pro-Palestinian Protests". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on April 22, 2024. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  71. ^ Ferré-Sadurní, Luis; Edmonds, Colbi; Cruz, Liset (April 22, 2024). "Jewish Students Are Targeted as Protests Continue at Columbia". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 22, 2024. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  72. ^ Noxon, Oscar. "Columbia College overwhelmingly passes divestment referendum". Columbia Daily Spectator. Archived from the original on April 23, 2024. Retrieved April 23, 2024.
  73. ^ Ortiz, Jorge L.; Kaufman, Anna; Cuevas, Eduardo; Bacon, John. "Columbia, other colleges brace for more protests as Israeli war hits home: Live updates". USA Today. Archived from the original on April 23, 2024. Retrieved April 23, 2024.
  74. ^ a b c Zeris, Henry (April 23, 2024). Inside the Seder dinner on Columbia's Gaza protest encampment | CNN. Archived from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024 – via www.cnn.com.
  75. ^ Alfonseca, Kiara (April 24, 2024). "Jewish student protesters celebrate Passover Seder in encampments". ABC News. Archived from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024.
  76. ^ Duster, Chandelis; Zdanowicz, Christina; Bayly, Lucy (April 23, 2024). "Live updates: Student protests at Columbia, Yale and other schools". CNN. Archived from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
  77. ^ "Columbia University president issues deadline for agreement with protesters to leave encampment". NBC New York. April 24, 2024. Archived from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
  78. ^ Otterman, Sharon; Fawcett, Eliza; Cruz, Liset (April 23, 2024). "A Night Different From Others as Campus Protests Break for Seder". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
  79. ^ Vogt, Adrienne; Zdanowicz, Christina (April 24, 2024). "Live updates: Pressure mounts on Columbia president as protests continue". CNN. Archived from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
  80. ^ a b Saeidi, Mahsa; Bauman, Ali; Dakss, Brian (April 24, 2024). "Columbia extends deadline for accord with pro-Palestinian protesters". www.cbsnews.com. Archived from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
  81. ^ Foran, Clare; Fox, Lauren; Talbot, Haley (April 24, 2024). "Johnson calls on Columbia University president to resign during tense news conference". CNN. Archived from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024.
  82. ^ "Speaker Mike Johnson Visits Columbia to Condemn Antisemitic Protests: Full Remarks". National Review. April 24, 2024. Archived from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  83. ^ Cohen, Sagi (November 7, 2023). "Denial of Hamas' October 7 massacre is gaining pace online". Haaretz. Archived from the original on December 1, 2023. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  84. ^ Touré, Madina (April 24, 2024). "Johnson demands Biden send in National Guard during raucous Columbia visit". Politico. Archived from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024.
  85. ^ Cancryn, Adam (April 25, 2024). "White House declines Mike Johnson's demand to call in the National Guard for college protesters". Yahoo! News. Archived from the original on April 25, 2024.
  86. ^ Karam, Esha. "Palestine Legal files Title VI civil rights complaint on behalf of four students and SJP following mass arrests". Columbia Daily Spectator. Archived from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  87. ^ Vance, Shea. "Board of trustees issues statement backing Shafik". Columbia Daily Spectator. Archived from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  88. ^ a b Saul, Stephanie (April 25, 2024). "Columbia's University Senate Is Said to Consider Less Severe Action Against Its President". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  89. ^ Morris, Kyle (April 26, 2024). "'Squad' members descend on Columbia encampment, offer 'support' for anti-Israel agitators". Fox News. Archived from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  90. ^ "Concerned Librarians @CUL for a FREE PALESTINE". cu-librarians-free-palestine.cargo.site. Archived from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  91. ^ Sarisohn, Hannah (April 26, 2024). "Israel supporters rally outside Columbia University to keep focus on remaining hostages". The Jerusalem Post. Archived from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  92. ^ Goldman, David (October 10, 2024). "'Zionists don't deserve to live,' suspended Columbia activist said. Now his group rescinds its apology and calls for violence". CNN. Retrieved October 10, 2024.
  93. ^ Rachel, Fink (October 9, 2024). "Pro-Palestinian Student Group at Columbia Retracts Apology, Calls for Armed Struggle Against Israel". Haaretz. Retrieved October 10, 2024.
  94. ^ a b c Rosman, Katherine (April 26, 2024). "Columbia Bars Student Protester Who Said 'Zionists Don't Deserve to Live'". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 27, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024.
  95. ^ "Columbia campus protester apologises for 'kill Zionists' comments". BBC News. April 26, 2024. Archived from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024.
  96. ^ a b "April 27, 2024 - Campus protest updates". cnn.com. CNN. April 27, 2024. Archived from the original on April 28, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024.
  97. ^ "Arrests roil campuses nationwide ahead of graduation as protesters demand Israel ties be cut". apnews.com. AP News. April 28, 2024. Archived from the original on April 28, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024.
  98. ^ "Columbia 'will not divest from Israel,' negotiators fail to come to agreement, Shafik announces". columbiaspectator.com. Columbia Spectator. Archived from the original on April 30, 2024. Retrieved April 30, 2024.
  99. ^ "Israel-Hamas war protesters arrested in Texas, others defy Columbia University demand to leave camp". apnews.com. AP. April 29, 2024. Archived from the original on April 29, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024.
  100. ^ a b "College protests live updates: Columbia tells protesters to leave encampment by 2:00 p.m." abcnews.com. ABC News. Archived from the original on April 29, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024.
  101. ^ "Pro-Palestinian protests disrupt colleges across the US". cnn.com. CNN. April 29, 2024. Archived from the original on April 29, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024.
  102. ^ "Protesters defy Columbia deadline to leave campus". BBC News. Archived from the original on April 29, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024.
  103. ^ a b "Campus protests live updates: Columbia closed to non-residential students, encampments cleared at other schools". nbcnews.com. NBC News. Archived from the original on April 30, 2024. Retrieved April 30, 2024.
  104. ^ Iqbal, Nomia; Cabral, Sam; FitzGerald, James (April 29, 2024). "Columbia protesters take over building after defying deadline". BBC News. Archived from the original on April 30, 2024. Retrieved April 30, 2024.
  105. ^ Davis, Eryn; Cruz, Liset; Sanford, Karla Marie; Yoon, John (April 30, 2024). "Live Updates: Columbia Says It Will Expel Students Occupying a Campus Building". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 30, 2024. Retrieved April 30, 2024.
  106. ^ Keh, Andrew; Rosman, Katherine (May 1, 2024). "The 63-Year-Old Career Activist Among the Protesters at Columbia". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  107. ^ a b "Campus protests and unrest disrupt colleges across the US". cnn.com. CNN. April 30, 2024. Archived from the original on May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  108. ^ a b "Read the letter Columbia University's president sent to the NYPD asking for assistance". NBC New York. May 1, 2024. Archived from the original on May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  109. ^ a b Aponte, Gwynne Hogan, Harry Siegel, Claudia Irizarry (May 2, 2024). "NYPD Officer Fired Gun Inside Columbia's Hamilton Hall, Manhattan DA's Office Confirms". THE CITY - NYC News. Archived from the original on May 3, 2024. Retrieved May 3, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  110. ^ "April 30, 2024 - US university protests". cnn.com. CNN. April 30, 2024. Archived from the original on May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  111. ^ Gold, Hadas (May 2024). "Manhattan District Attorney Alvin Bragg". CNN. Archived from the original on May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  112. ^ a b "Protesters unaffiliated with CCNY, Columbia made up nearly half of arrests: police". ABC7 News. May 2, 2024. Archived from the original on May 2, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  113. ^ Otterman, Sharon; Marcius, Chelsia Rose (May 2, 2024). "Locks, Chains, Diversions: How Columbia Students Seized Hamilton Hall". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 2, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  114. ^ Otterman, Sharon (May 6, 2024). "After Weeks of Protests, Columbia Cancels Main Commencement Ceremony". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 8, 2024. Retrieved May 8, 2024.
  115. ^ "3 arrested in NYC after driver strikes pro-Palestinian protester following demonstration". AP News. May 7, 2024. Archived from the original on May 8, 2024. Retrieved May 8, 2024.
  116. ^ Eaton, Alexandra (May 16, 2024). "Columbia Professors Host an Alternative Graduation for Students". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  117. ^ McMenamin, Lex (May 18, 2024). "Columbia Faculty Host "People's Graduation" for Punished Pro-Palestine College Protest Students". Yahoo News. Teen Vogue. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  118. ^ "Columbia University, Epicenter of Gaza Protests, Launches New Revolt". newrepublic.com. The New Republic. Retrieved June 1, 2024.
  119. ^ Aminy, Najib. "Columbia students start new Gaza Solidarity Encampment". Mother Jones. Retrieved June 1, 2024.
  120. ^ "Protesters dismantle 'Revolt for Rafah' encampment after alumni weekend ends". columbiaspectator.com. Columbia Spectator. Retrieved June 16, 2024.
  121. ^ Burke, Minyvonne (August 10, 2024). "Columbia University exec's New York apartment building vandalized with red paint and crickets". NBC News. Retrieved October 16, 2024.
  122. ^ Massel, Rebecca. "NYPD investigating vandalism at COO Cas Holloway's apartment building". Columbia Daily Spectator. Retrieved October 16, 2024.
  123. ^ "Protesters picket at Columbia on first day of class, demanding divestment from Israel". NBC New York. Associated Press. September 3, 2024. Retrieved September 4, 2024.
  124. ^ "Columbia University's Alma Mater Statue Vandalized on First Day of Fall Semester". Yahoo News. September 3, 2024. Retrieved September 4, 2024.
  125. ^ Smith, Jim (September 3, 2024). "Columbia University's Alma Mater statue vandalized - CBS New York". www.cbsnews.com. Retrieved September 4, 2024.
  126. ^ FitzGerald, James (April 22, 2024). "Mass arrests made as US campus protests over Gaza spread". BBC News. Archived from the original on April 23, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024.
  127. ^ Marcos, Coral Murphy (April 27, 2024). "Columbia University calls for inquiry into leadership as student protests sweep 40 campuses". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024.
  128. ^ Pelham, Lipika (April 25, 2024). "US college protests: Hundreds more arrested across US in Gaza campus protests". BBC News. Archived from the original on April 27, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024.
  129. ^ a b Thompson, Carolyn; Beck, Margery (April 28, 2024). "Arrests roil campuses nationwide ahead of graduation as protesters demand Israel ties be cut". AP News. Archived from the original on April 28, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024.
  130. ^ Betts, Anna; Eadie, Matthew; Bogel-Burroughs, Nicholas (April 27, 2024). "Crackdowns at 4 College Protests Lead to More Than 200 Arrests". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 28, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024.
  131. ^ Andone, Dakin (April 28, 2024). "How universities are cracking down on a swell of tension months into student protests over Israel's bombardment of Gaza". CNN. Archived from the original on April 29, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024.
  132. ^ Mazzei, Patricia (April 28, 2024). "As Colleges Weigh Crackdowns on Protests, Questions About Outsiders Linger". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 29, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024.
  133. ^ FitzGerald, James; Walsh, Aoife (May 1, 2024). "Campus protests live: NYC police arrest around 300 at universities in 'massive operation', mayor says". BBC News. Archived from the original on May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  134. ^ Bedi, Neil; Erden, Bora; Hernandez, Marco; Jhaveri, Ishaan; Lajka, Arijeta; Reneau, Natalie; Rosales, Helmuth; Toler, Aric (May 3, 2024). "How Counterprotesters at U.C.L.A. Provoked Violence, Unchecked for Hours". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 4, 2024. Retrieved May 4, 2024.
  135. ^ Ramirez-Simon, Diana (May 1, 2024). "Violence erupts at UCLA campus between rival Gaza protest groups". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  136. ^ Watanabe, Teresa; Nazzal, Safi (May 1, 2024). "Violence stuns UCLA as counter-protesters attack pro-Palestine camp". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  137. ^ "More than 200 arrests made on UCLA campus as encampment cleared, university chancellor says". CNN. May 2, 2024. Archived from the original on May 3, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  138. ^ a b "Map: Where university protesters have been arrested across the US". CNN. April 29, 2024. Archived from the original on April 30, 2024. Retrieved May 8, 2024.
  139. ^ Levin, Sam (May 16, 2024). "Riot police arrest 50 people at UC Irvine and clear pro-Palestinian encampment". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
  140. ^ Anguiano, Dani (May 20, 2024). "Academic workers at UC Santa Cruz strike over crackdown on Gaza protests". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
  141. ^ Fry, Hannah; Toohey, Grace; Petrow-Cohen, Caroline; Kaleem, Jaweed (May 28, 2024). "Kaffiyehs and pickets: UCLA, UC Davis workers strike over treatment at pro-Palestinian protests". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 29, 2024.
  142. ^ a b McGreal, Chris (May 3, 2024). "How pervasive is antisemitism on US campuses? A look at the language of the protests". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on May 15, 2024. Retrieved May 14, 2024.
  143. ^ Huffaker, Christopher (April 2024). "Columbia protester who said 'Zionists don't deserve to live' was fiery student representative on Boston School Committee". BostonGlobe.com. Archived from the original on April 27, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  144. ^ a b Rachel, Fink (October 9, 2024). "Pro-Palestinian Student Group at Columbia Retracts Apology, Calls for Armed Struggle Against Israel". Haaretz. Retrieved October 10, 2024.
  145. ^ Perry, Nick; Collins, Dave; Price, Michelle L. (April 23, 2024). "Pro-Palestinian protests sweep US college campuses following mass arrests at Columbia". The Associated Press. Archived from the original on April 27, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024. "We saw signs indicating that Israel should be destroyed," she said after leaving the Morningside Heights campus ... Nicholas Baum, a 19-year-old Jewish freshman who lives in a Jewish theological seminary building two blocks from Columbia's campus, said protesters over the weekend were "calling for Hamas to blow away Tel Aviv and Israel." He said some of the protesters shouting antisemitic slurs were not students.
  146. ^ Oliver, Meg (April 23, 2024). "Pro-Palestinian protests leave American college campuses on edge". CBS News. Archived from the original on May 10, 2024. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  147. ^ "'Burn Tel Aviv to the ground:' Calls for violence continue at Columbia". The Jerusalem Post. April 21, 2024. Archived from the original on May 18, 2024. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  148. ^ Prince, Cathryn J. (April 25, 2024). "As Columbia anti-Israel encampment endures, Jewish students horrified by 'Judenrein' campus". The Times Of Israel. Archived from the original on May 7, 2024. Retrieved May 13, 2024.
  149. ^ a b "Columbia, NYU, Yale on the boil over Israel's war on Gaza: What's going on?". Al Jazeera. April 22, 2024. Archived from the original on May 16, 2024. Retrieved May 17, 2024.
  150. ^ Otterman, Sharon (October 9, 2024). "Pro-Palestinian Group at Columbia Now Backs 'Armed Resistance' by Hamas". The New York Times. Retrieved October 11, 2024.
  151. ^ a b Stahl, Maya. "Policy and planning committee of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences condemns outside media coverage of campus protests". Columbia Daily Spectator. Archived from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
  152. ^ Heydari, Aubtin (April 25, 2024). "The Grotesque Slander of Comparing Gaza Protesters to Neo-Nazis". The New Republic. ISSN 0028-6583. Archived from the original on April 28, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024.
  153. ^ Spectator Editorial Board (April 25, 2024). "President Shafik, this is your legacy". Columbia Daily Spectator. Archived from the original on April 28, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024.
  154. ^ Najjar, Farah; Adler, Nils; Pietromarchi, Virginia. "'I do not feel threatened as a Jewish faculty member in any way'". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on May 2, 2024. Retrieved April 30, 2024.
  155. ^ McWhorter, John (April 23, 2024). "I'm a Columbia Professor. The Protests on My Campus Are Not Justice". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 30, 2024. Retrieved April 30, 2024.
  156. ^ "Pro-Palestinian Group at Columbia Now Backs 'Armed Resistance' by Hamas". New York times.
  157. ^ Yen, Amanda (May 3, 2024). "Feds Probe Alleged Anti-Palestinian Racism at Columbia, Group Says". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on May 21, 2024. Retrieved May 23, 2024.
  158. ^ Scahill, Jeremy (May 3, 2024). "NYC Mayor Smeared a Grandmother as an "Outside Agitator" to Justify NYPD Assault on Columbia". The Intercept. Archived from the original on May 13, 2024. Retrieved May 21, 2024.
  159. ^ "A retired teacher saw inspiration in Columbia's protests. Eric Adams called her an outside agitator". AP News. May 1, 2024. Archived from the original on May 21, 2024. Retrieved May 21, 2024.
  160. ^ Patel, Vimal; Otterman, Sharon (October 16, 2024). "Columbia Bars Vocal Pro-Israel Professor From Campus". The New York Times.
  161. ^ Fandos, Nicholas (April 18, 2024). "Columbia got backup on Thursday afternoon from one of its most prominent alumni: Representative Jerrold Nadler, Democrat of New York". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  162. ^ "Police arrest dozens of pro-Palestinian protesters at Columbia, including congresswoman's daughter". AP News. April 18, 2024. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  163. ^ Garrity, Kelly (April 21, 2024). "'Antisemitic, unconscionable, and dangerous': White House responds to chaos at Columbia". Politico. Archived from the original on April 22, 2024. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  164. ^ Politi, James (May 2, 2024). "Campus protests become a political liability for Joe Biden and the Democrats". Financial Times. Archived from the original on May 2, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  165. ^ Palumbo, Alysha (April 22, 2024). "Boston schools join Gaza war campus protest; Kraft speaks out against Columbia". nbaboston. Archived from the original on April 22, 2024. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  166. ^ "Unions speak up for students disciplined for pro-Palestine protests". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024.
  167. ^ Murgatroyd, Laura (April 24, 2024). "Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez hits out at Columbia for calling police on pro-Palestine protesters". Yahoo News. The Telegraph. Archived from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  168. ^ Zhang, Sharon (April 30, 2024). "Top UN Human Rights Official Raises Alarm Over Repression of Student Protests". truthout. Archived from the original on May 5, 2024. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
  169. ^ Ismail, Aymann (April 22, 2024). "What Is Really Going On at Columbia University?". Slate. ISSN 1091-2339. Archived from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 23, 2024.
  170. ^ "DocumentCloud". www.documentcloud.org. Archived from the original on April 22, 2024. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  171. ^ Jack, Andrew (August 14, 2014). "Columbia University president resigns after pressure over student Gaza protests". www.ft.com. Financial Times. Retrieved August 15, 2024.
  172. ^ a b Shephard, Alex (April 30, 2024). "The Media's Shameful Coverage of the College Antiwar Protests". newrepublic.com. The New Republic. Archived from the original on May 2, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  173. ^ Ibsais, Ahmad (April 30, 2024). "Opinion: Encamp, divest and keep your eyes on Gaza". aljazeera.com. Aljazeera. Archived from the original on May 2, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  174. ^ Stahl, Maya (April 24, 2024). "Policy and planning committee of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences condemns outside media coverage of campus protests". columbiaspectator.com. Columbia Spectator. Archived from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  175. ^ Vaida, Bara (April 30, 2024). "Covering the Columbia University protests as a student journalist". pressclubinstitute.com. Press Club Institute. Archived from the original on May 2, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  176. ^ Wagner, Laura (May 1, 2024). "In campus protests, students are weary of the media". Washington Post.
  177. ^ Lepro, Elizabeth (May 3, 2024). "BIKE LOCKS AND TENTS: JOURNALISTS INVESTIGATED THE 'OUTSIDE AGITATOR' ALLEGATION IN REAL-TIME AS POLICE RAIDED CAMPUSES". pen.org. Pen America. Archived from the original on May 3, 2024. Retrieved May 3, 2024.
  178. ^ Tolentino, Daysia (May 1, 2024). "Columbia University radio station WKCR praised for live broadcast of college protests". nbcnews.com. NBC News. Archived from the original on May 2, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  179. ^ "Columbia's student radio station was the main source of information for the protests. Here's why that matters". businessinsider.com. Business Insider. Archived from the original on May 2, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  180. ^ Davies, Hannah J; Borlando, Victoria (April 26, 2024). "Chaotic and thrilling: Columbia's radio station is live from the student protests". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  181. ^ Madu, Zito (May 3, 2024). "The Week That Student Journalists Put the Media to Shame". ISSN 0027-8378. Archived from the original on May 5, 2024. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
  182. ^ Bauder, David; Fernando, Christine (May 2, 2024). "Student journalists are covering their own campuses in convulsion. Here's what they have to say". apnews.com. AP News. Archived from the original on May 3, 2024. Retrieved May 3, 2024.
  183. ^ Natanson, Natanson; Felton, Emmanuel (May 16, 2024). "Business titans privately urged NYC mayor to use police on Columbia protesters, chats show". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on May 16, 2024.
  184. ^ Ballasy, Nicholas (April 30, 2024). "Columbia University suspends press access on campus amid pro-Palestine protests". justthenews.com. Just The News. Archived from the original on May 3, 2024. Retrieved May 3, 2024.
  185. ^ Gay, Mara (May 1, 2024). "Handcuffs and Barricades at Columbia, but No Reporters". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  186. ^ Ryan, Aidan (May 1, 2024). "Police restricted reporter access during Columbia arrests, prompting criticism ahead of Pulitzer Prizes". bostonglobe.com. Boston Globe. Archived from the original on May 3, 2024. Retrieved May 3, 2024.
  187. ^ Gold, Hadas (May 1, 2024). "Student journalists assaulted, others arrested as protests on college campuses turn violent". cnn.com. CNN. Archived from the original on May 2, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  188. ^ Walton, Lara-Nour. "I reported from the Columbia Gaza encampment. Then I was investigated". The New Arab. Retrieved August 17, 2024.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2024_Columbia_University_pro-Palestinian_campus_occupations&oldid=1256166550"