Thionyl fluoride

Thionyl fluoride
Ball-and-stick model	structure
Names
	IUPAC name Thionyl fluoride
Identifiers
CAS Number	7783-42-8 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	22954 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.088
EC Number	231-997-2;
PubChem CID	24548;
UNII	2O8P7K5BE8;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID1064821 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/F2OS/c1-4(2)3 Key: LSJNBGSOIVSBBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/F2OS/c1-4(2)3 Key: LSJNBGSOIVSBBR-UHFFFAOYAL;
	SMILES FS(F)=O;
Properties
Chemical formula	F2OS
Molar mass	86.06 g·mol−1
Appearance	colorless gas
Melting point	−110.5 °C (−166.9 °F; 162.7 K)
Boiling point	−43.8 °C (−46.8 °F; 229.3 K)
Solubility in water	hydrolysis
Solubility	soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene
Vapor pressure	75.7 kPa (-50 °C)
Structure
Molecular shape	trigonal pyramidal
Thermochemistry[better source needed]
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	278.6 J/mol·K
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	-715 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of; combustion (ΔcH⦵298)	56.8 J/mol·K
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H300, H310, H314, H330
Precautionary statements	P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P310, P301+P330+P331, P302+P350, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P320, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501
Related compounds
Related oxohalides	Thionyl chloride; Thionyl bromide
Related compounds	Nitrosyl fluoride; Carbonyl fluoride
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Thionyl fluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula S O F₂. This colourless gas is mainly of theoretical interest, but it is a product of the degradation of sulfur hexafluoride, an insulator in electrical equipment. The molecule adopts a distorted pyramidal structure, with C_s symmetry. The S-O and S-F distances are 1.42 and 1.58 Å, respectively. The O-S-F and F-S-F angles are 106.2 and 92.2°, respectively.^[3]^{[page needed]}

Synthesis and reactions

Thionyl fluoride can be produced by the reaction of thionyl chloride with fluoride sources such as antimony trifluoride.^[4]^[3]^: 542

3 SOCl₂ + 2 SbF₃ → 3 SOF₂ + 2 SbCl₃

Alternatively, it arises via the fluorination of sulfur dioxide:^[3]^: 542

SO₂ + PF₅ → SOF₂ + POF₃

Thionyl fluoride arises as a fleeting intermediate from the decomposition of sulfur hexafluoride as the result of electrical discharges which generate sulfur tetrafluoride. SF₄ hydrolyzes to give thionyl fluoride, which in turn hydrolyzes further as described below.^[5]

As expected from the behavior of the other thionyl halides, this compound hydrolyzes readily, giving hydrogen fluoride and sulfur dioxide:^[3]^: 542

SOF₂ + H₂O → 2 HF + SO₂

In contrast to thionyl chloride and bromide, thionyl fluoride is not useful for halogenation. The related derivative, sulfur tetrafluoride is however useful for that purpose.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ Thionyl fluoride in Linstrom, Peter J.; Mallard, William G. (eds.); NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg (MD) (retrieved 2014-05-11)
^ "Thionyl Fluoride". chemister.ru database.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Holleman, A.F. (2001). Holleman, A.F.; Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils (eds.). Inorganic Chemistry (1st ed.). San Diego, CA: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
^ Smith, W. C.; Muetterties, E. L.; Park, J. D.; Settine, Robert (January 1960). "Thionyl Fluoride". Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 6. pp. 162–163. doi:10.1002/9780470132371.ch50. ISBN 978-0-470-13165-7.
^ Pepi, Federico; Andreina Ricci; Marco Di Stefano; Marzio Rosi; Giuseppe D'Arcangelo (September 18, 2002). "Thionyl Fluoride from Sulfur Hexafluoride Corona Discharge Decomposition: Gas-Phase Chemistry of (SOF₂)H⁺ Ions". Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 106 (40): 9261–9266. Bibcode:2002JPCA..106.9261P. doi:10.1021/jp021074v.

External links

[1] Thionyl fluoride in Linstrom, Peter J.; Mallard, William G. (eds.); NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg (MD) (retrieved 2014-05-11)

[2] "Thionyl Fluoride". chemister.ru database.

[inorg-3] Holleman, A.F. (2001). Holleman, A.F.; Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils (eds.). Inorganic Chemistry (1st ed.). San Diego, CA: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.

[4] Smith, W. C.; Muetterties, E. L.; Park, J. D.; Settine, Robert (January 1960). "Thionyl Fluoride". Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 6. pp. 162–163. doi:10.1002/9780470132371.ch50. ISBN 978-0-470-13165-7.

[jpca-5] Pepi, Federico; Andreina Ricci; Marco Di Stefano; Marzio Rosi; Giuseppe D'Arcangelo (September 18, 2002). "Thionyl Fluoride from Sulfur Hexafluoride Corona Discharge Decomposition: Gas-Phase Chemistry of (SOF₂)H⁺ Ions". Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 106 (40): 9261–9266. Bibcode:2002JPCA..106.9261P. doi:10.1021/jp021074v.

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