Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/S2

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501 to 600

501 – 520

1. Set-off (JE | WP GWP G) Effort of a defendant to set up a cause of action against a plaintiff, to the end that the judgment of the court may satisfy...
2. Seth (JE | WP GWP G) According to Gen. iv. 25, 26 and v. 3-8, Seth was the third son of Adam. He was born after Cain had murdered Abel and when...
3. Seven (JE | WP GWP G) -- See N366: Númbers and Numerals
4. Severin (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M246: Masorah
5. Alexander Severus (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A1153: Alexander Severus
6. Julius Severus (JE | WP GWP G) Roman general; consul in 127. Later he held a number of offices in the provinces, and was legate of Dacia, Mœsia, and...
7. Lucius Septimius; Severus (JE | WP GWP G) Emperor of Rome from 193 to 211 C.E. At the beginning of his reign he was obliged to war against his rival, Pescennius Niger...
8. Seville (JE | WP GWP G) Capital of the former kingdom of Seville; after Madrid the greatest and most beautiful city of Spain. The community of Seville...
9. Sexton (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S551: Shammash
10. Julius Africanus Sextus (JE | WP GWP G) Byzantine chronographer, noted for his surprisingly lucid interpretations of some Biblical questions; flourished in the first...
11. Sfax (JE | WP GWP G) -- See T361: Tunis
12. Abraham Sfej (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbinical author; born at Tunis in the early part of the eighteenth century; died at Amsterdam in 1784, while discharging...
13. Sforno JE (JE | WP GWP G) Italian family, many members of which distinguished themselves as rabbis and scholars. The most prominent of these were the...
14. Sha'atnez JE (JE | WP GWP G) Fabric consisting of a mixture of wool and linen, the wearing of which is forbidden by the Mosaic law (Lev. xix. 19; Deut...
15. Jeshua Shababo (V11p213001jpg) (JE | WP GWP G) Egyptian scribe and rabbi; lived in the last quarter of the seventeenth century. His teachers were Rabbis Abraham ha-Levi...
16. Shabbat (JE | WP GWP G) Treatise in the Mishnah, Tosefta, and both Talmuds; devoted chiefly to rules and regulations for the Sabbath. The Scriptural...
17. Shabbat ha-Gadol (JE | WP GWP G) the Sabbath preceding Passover. The designation "great" for this Sabbath is mentioned by Rashi (11th cent.), and is due to...
18. Shabbat Goy (JE | WP GWP G) the Gentile employed in a Jewish household on the Sabbath-day to perform services which are religiously forbidden to Jews...
19. Shabbat Nahamu (JE | WP GWP G) First Sabbath after the Ninth of Ab; so called because the hafṭarah begins with the words: "Nachamu, nachamu...
20. Shabbat Shubah (JE | WP GWP G) the Sabbath between Rosh ha-Shanah and Yom Kippur; so called from the first words of the hafṭarah read on that day,...

521 – 540

1. Shabbethai b. Abraham b. Joel (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D439: Donnolo
2. Shabbethai Be'er (Fonte) (JE | WP GWP G) Italian rabbi of the seventeenth century; author of "Be'er 'Esek" (Venice, 1674), a collection of 112 responsa...
3. Shabbethai ben Isaac (JE | WP GWP G) Talmudist and grammarian; born at Lublin, Poland; lived at Przemysl in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries; teacher of...
4. Shabbethai Judah Isaac ben Levi (JE | WP GWP G) -- See J659: Judah ibn Shabbethai
5. Shabbethai b. Meïr ha-Kohen (Shak) (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Talmudist; born at Wilna 1621; died at Holleschau on the 1st of Adar (Rishon), 1662. In 1633 he entered the yeshibah...
6. Shabbethai ben Moses (JE | WP GWP G) Halakist and liturgical poet; flourished at Rome in the first half of the eleventh century. of his halakic decisions only...
7. Shabbethai ben Moses ha-Kohen (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi of Semeez (Semetch), near Tikoczin, Russia, in the first half of the eighteenth century. He edited "Minchat Kohen"...
8. Shabbethai Nawawi (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi and scholar of the end of the seventeenth century; lived in Rosetta (), Egypt. He was a contemporary of Abraham b. Mordecai...
9. Shabbethai Raphael (JE | WP GWP G) Shabbethaian agitator of the seventeenth century; a native of Morea. About 1667 Shabbethai Raphael was in Italy, where he...
10. Shabbethai b. Solomon (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi and scholar; lived at Rome in the second half of the thirteenth century. In the controversy regarding the study of philosophy...
11. Shabbethai Zebi b. Mordecai (JE | WP GWP G) Pseudo-Messiah and cabalist; founder of the Shabbethaian sect; born on the Ninth of Ab (July 23, 1626) at Smyrna; died, according...
12. Shabu'ot (JE | WP GWP G) -- See F125: Festivals
13. Shadchan (JE | WP GWP G) Marriage-broker. The verb "shadak" ("meshaddekin"), referring to the arrangements which two heads of families made between...
14. Shaddai (JE | WP GWP G) -- See N52: Names of God
15. Shadrach (JE | WP GWP G) Name given by the chief of the eunuchs to Hananiah (Dan. i. 7 et passim). Various theories as to its etymology have been put...
16. Shahar Abakkshka (JE | WP GWP G) Morning hymn written about 1050 by Solomon ibn Gabirol (Zunz, "Literaturgesch." p. 188), whose name appears in an acrostic...
17. Shalom Shakna (JE | WP GWP G) Polish Talmudist; born about 1510; died at Lublin Oct. 29, 1558. He was a pupil of Jacob Pollak, founder of the method of...
18. Isaac ha-Kohen Shalal (Sholal) (JE | WP GWP G) Head ("nagid") of the community of Cairo, Egypt, in succession to his uncle Nathan ha-Kohen Shalal; died, according to Gr&#228...
19. Shalet (Sholent) (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C761: Cookery in Eastern Europe
20. Abraham Leib Shalkovich (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B624: Ben-Avigdor

541 – 560

1. Shallum (JE | WP GWP G) King of Israel who dethroned Zechariah, the last of Jehu's dynasty, and succeeded him. He was in turn dethroned by Menahem...
2. Shalmaneser (JE | WP GWP G) King of Assyria from 727 to 722 B.C.; successor, and possibly son, of Tiglath-pileser III. According to II Kings xvii. 3-6...
3. Abraham ben Isaac ben Judah ben Samuel Shalom (JE | WP GWP G) Italian scholar and theologian; died in 1492. In his "Neweh Shalom" (1574) he places Scriptural and Talmudic knowledge far...
4. Shalom ben Joseph Shabbezi (Salim al-Shibzi) (JE | WP GWP G) Yemenite poet and cabalist; flourished toward the end of the seventeenth century at Ta'iz, a city ten days'...
5. Shalom of Vienna (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian rabbi; lived at Wiener-Neustadt in the second half of the fourteenth century. He was distinguished for Talmudic learning...
6. Shamgar JE (JE | WP GWP G) One of the Judges; son of Anath. He smote 600 Philistines with an ox-goad and saved Israel (Judges iii. 31). During his judgeship...
7. Shamhazai (JE | WP GWP G) Name of a fallen angel. According to Targ. pseudo-Jonathan on Gen. vi. 4, "nefilim" (A. V. "giants") denotes the two angels...
8. Shamir (JE | WP GWP G) Term designating a hard stone in the Targums, but in the Bible thrice (Jer. xvii. 1; Ezek. iii. 9; Zech. vii. 12) connoting...
9. Shammai JE (JE | WP GWP G) Scholar of the first century B.C. He was the most eminent contemporary and the halakic opponent of Hillel, and is almost invariably...
10. Shammaites (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B956: Bet Hillel and Bet Shammai
11. Shammash (JE | WP GWP G) Communal and synagogal officer whose duties to some extent correspond with those of the verger and beadle. In Talmudical times...
12. Shanghai (JE | WP GWP G) Chinese city. The first Jew who arrived there was Elias David Sassoon, who, about the year 1850, opened a branch in connection...
13. Shangi (JE | WP GWP G) Turkish family many members of which distinguished themselves as rabbis and scholars. Astruc ben David Shangi: Rabbi at...
14. Shaphan (JE | WP GWP G) Son of Azaliah and scribe of King Josiah. He received from Hilkiah, the high priest, the book of the Law which had been found...
15. Isaiah Meïr Kahana Shapira (JE | WP GWP G) Polish-German rabbi and author; born at Memel, Prussia, July 28, 1828; died at Czortkow, Galicia, Jan. 9, 1887. He is said...
16. M W Shapira (JE | WP GWP G) Polish purveyor of spurious antiquities; born about 1830; committed suicide at Rotterdam March 11, 1884. He appears to have...
17. Aryeh Löb b. Isaac Shapiro (JE | WP GWP G) Polish rabbi and grammarian; born 1701; died at Wilna April, 1761. He went to Wilna in his childhood, and married a daughter...
18. Constantin Shapiro (JE | WP GWP G) Russian photographer and Hebrew poet; born at Grodno, Russia, 1841; died in St. Petersburg March 23, 1900. He obtained his...
19. Sharon (JE | WP GWP G) Large plain of Palestine, with an average elevation of between 280 and 300 feet above sea-level; bounded by Mount Carmel on...
20. Moses Aaron Shatzkes (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Hebrew author; born at Karlin 1825; died at Kiev Aug. 24, 1899. He received a general as well as a Hebrew education...

561 – 580

1. Shaving (JE | WP GWP G) the Mosaic law prohibits shaving the corners of the head and of the beard (Lev. xix. 27), the priests being particularly enjoined...
2. She-heheyanu (JE | WP GWP G) the benediction "Blessed be the Lord, our God, King of the Universe, who has kept us alive ["she-hecheyanu"] and sustained...
3. Shealtiel Hem (JE | WP GWP G) -- See G403: Gracian, Shealtiel (Ḥen)
4. Shear-jashub (JE | WP GWP G) Son of the prophet Isaiah; so named by his father as a prophecy that God would restore the Remnant of His people or that "the...
5. Sheba (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S20: Sabeans
6. Queen of Sheba (JE | WP GWP G) Monarch of a south-Arabian tribe, and contemporary with Solomon, whom she visited. The Queen of Sheba, hearing of the wisdom...
7. Sheba' Kehillot (JE | WP GWP G) Designation of the following seven populous Jewish communities in the counties of Oedenburg (Sopron) and Wieselburg (Mosony)...
8. Shebarim (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S653: Shofar
9. Shebat (JE | WP GWP G) Eleventh ecclesiastical and fifth civil month of the Jewish year (Zech. i. 7); I Macc. xvi.), corresponding to January-February...
10. Shebi'it (JE | WP GWP G) Treatise of the Mishnah, Tosefta, and Palestinian Talmud. It belongs to the order Zera'im, in which it stands fifth, and...
11. Shebna (JE | WP GWP G) Chamberlain of the king's palace, the office being filled also by Jotham (II Kings xv. 5). Shebna may be identified with...
12. Shebu'ot (JE | WP GWP G) Treatise in the Mishnah, Tosefta, and both Talmuds, dealing chiefly with the various forms of the oath. In most of the editions...
13. Shechem (JE | WP GWP G) City of central Palestine; called Sichem in Gen. xii. 6, A. V.; Shalem, according to some commentators, ib. xxxiii. 18; Sychem...
14. Shedim (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D245: Demonology
15. She'eh Ne'esar (JE | WP GWP G) the pizmon or responsory hymn in the Selichot of the fast of the Seventeenth of Tammuz, the "fast of the fourth month"...
16. She'elot U-teshubot (JE | WP GWP G) the Hebrew designation for the "responsa prudentium," connoting the written decisions and rulings given by eminent rabbis...
17. Sheep (JE | WP GWP G) the most usual terms for the sheep are "seh" and "kebes" ("keseb"); "kar" (Deut. xxxii. 14; Isa. lviii. 7) denotes the young...
18. Sheepfold (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S616: Shepherd
19. Shefar'am (JE | WP GWP G) Place in Palestine, three hours distant from Haifa, governed by a mudir. In the second century it served as a refuge for the...
20. Shefelah (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P31: Palestine

581 – 600

1. Sheftall (Sheftail) (JE | WP GWP G) American family, well known in Georgia, members of which are at present living in Savannah. Benjamin Sheftall: American...
2. Shehitah (JE | WP GWP G) the ritual slaughtering of animals. While the practise that prevailed among the nations of antiquity other than the Hebrews...
3. Pavel Vasilyevich Shein (JE | WP GWP G) Russian ethnographer; born in 1826; died at Riga Aug. 14, 1900. He studied at the University of Moscow, and after conversion...
4. Sheitel (JE | WP GWP G) -- See W174: Wig
5. Shekalim (JE | WP GWP G) Treatise of the Mishnah, the Tosefta, and the Jerusalem Talmud, dealing with the half-shekel tax which was imposed for defraying...
6. Shekanzib (JE | WP GWP G) Small town near Nehardea, in Persia, perhaps identical with al-Zib on the Tigris, and possibly with ('Er. 64a, MS. reading)...
7. Shekel (JE | WP GWP G) Name of (1) a weight and of (2) a silver coin in use among the Hebrews. 1. Weight: It has long been admitted that the Israelites...
8. Shekinah (JE | WP GWP G) the majestic presence or manifestation of God which has descended to "dwell" among men. Like Memra (= "word"; "logos") and...
9. Shela (Rav Shela) JE (JE | WP GWP G) Babylonian teacher of the latter part of the tannaitic and the beginning of the amoraic period; head of the school ("sidra")...
10. Shelah (JE | WP GWP G) Youngest son of Judah by the daughter of the Canaanite Shuah; born in Chezib in the shephelah of Judah. His extreme youth...
11. Sheliah Zibbur (JE | WP GWP G) Congregational messenger or deputy or agent. During the time of the Second Temple it was the priest who represented the congregation...
12. Shem (JE | WP GWP G) the eldest of Noah's sons, according to the position and sequence of the names wherever all three are mentioned together...
13. Shem ha-Meforash (JE | WP GWP G) Ancient tannaitic name of the Tetragrammaton. The exact meaning of the term is somewhat obscure; but since the Tetragrammaton...
14. Shem-Tob ben Abraham ibn Gaon JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish Talmudist and cabalist; born at Soria, Spain, 1283; died, probably in Palestine, after 1330. From his genealogy given...
15. Shem-Tob de Carrion (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S236: Santob (Shem-Ṭob) de Carrion
16. Shem-Tob ben Isaac of Tortosa JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish scholar and physician of the thirteenth century; born at Tortosa 1196. He engaged in commerce, and his business necessitated...
17. Shem-Tob (ben Joseph) ibn Shem-Tob (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I46: Ibn Shem-Ṭob, Shem-Ṭob (ben Joseph?)
18. Shem-Tob ibn Palquera (JE | WP GWP G) -- See F12: Falaquera (Palquera), Shem-Ṭob ben Joseph
19. Shema' (JE | WP GWP G) Initial word of the verse, or chapter, recited as the confession of the Jewish faith. Originally, the "Shema'" consisted...
20. Shema' Koli (JE | WP GWP G) Opening hymn of the services on the eve of Atonement in the Sephardic ritual, preceding Kol Nidre. It consists of twenty-nine...

601 to 700

601 – 620

1. Shemaiah (JE | WP GWP G) Prophet in the reign of Rehoboam. He was commissioned to dissuade the king from waging war against the Northern Kingdom after...
2. Shemaiah (Sameas, Samaias) JE (JE | WP GWP G) Leader of the Pharisees in the first century B.C.; president of the Sanhedrin before and during the reign of Herod. He and...
3. Shemaiah b. Simeon Zebi (JE | WP GWP G) Scholar of the seventeenth century, of whose life no other details are known than that he was the author of "Mazref...
4. Shemaiah of Soissons JE (JE | WP GWP G) Scholar of the twelfth century; a pupil of Rashi. He was the author of the following works: (1) "Sodot" or "Midrash," notes...
5. Shemaiah of Troyes (JE | WP GWP G) Tosafist of the early part of the twelfth century; a pupil of Rashi; probably the father-in-law of Samuel b. Meïr. He...
6. Shemana (Semana) (JE | WP GWP G) Scholarly and prominent family of Tunis. Samuel b. Joseph Shemana: Rabbi of Tunis, whose family subsequently settled at...
7. Shemariah ben Elhanan JE (JE | WP GWP G) Head of the yeshibah of Cairo, Egypt, about the end of the tenth century. Abraham b. David ("Sefer ha-Kabbalah," in...
8. Shemariah b. Mordecai JE (JE | WP GWP G) German tosafist of the first half of the twelfth century; pupil of the tosafist Isaac b. Asher. He was considered an especially...
9. Shemariah of Negropont JE (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I93: Iḳriṭi, Shemariah
10. Shemini 'Azeret (JE | WP GWP G) Eighth day of Sukkot, "'azeret" being the name given to it in Lev. xxiii. 36; Num. xxix. 35; Neh. viii. 18; II Chron...
11. Shemittah (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S18: Sabbatical Year and Jubilee
12. Shemoneh 'Esreh (JE | WP GWP G) Collection of benedictions forming the second—the Shema' being the first—important section of the daily prayers...
13. Shemot Rabbah JE (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M587: Midrsash Haggadah
14. Sheol (JE | WP GWP G) Hebrew word of uncertain etymology (see Sheol, Critical View), synonym of "bor" (pit), "abaddon" and "shachat" (pit or...
15. Shephatiah (JE | WP GWP G) Name of several persons mentioned in the Old Testament. 1. Son of David and Abital; their fifth child. He was born while his...
16. Shepherd (JE | WP GWP G) in the early days of settlement in Palestine the chief occupation of the Israelites was that of shepherding. Traces of the...
17. Sherira b. Hanina (JE | WP GWP G) Gaon of Pumbedita; born about 900; died about 1000 (Abraham ibn Daud, "Sefer ha-Kabbalah," in Neubauer, "M. J. C." i...
18. Sheshbazzar (JE | WP GWP G) Prince of Judah, at the head of the first Jews that returned to Jerusalem after the Exile. In 539-538 B.C. Cyrus granted the...
19. Sheshet JE (JE | WP GWP G) Babylonian amora of the third generation; colleague of R. Nachman bar Jacob, with whom he had frequent arguments concerning...
20. Sheshet Benveniste JE (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B777: Benveniste

621 – 640

1. Shetadlan (JE | WP GWP G) Representative of the Jewish community in Germany during the Middle Ages, and in Russia almost to the present day. When the...
2. Shetar (JE | WP GWP G) For the conditions under which these were drawn up in ancient times see Deed. In medieval times the same principles were carried...
3. Shib'ah (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M972: Mourning
4. Shibboleth (JE | WP GWP G) Word occurring in different passages of the Bible, sometimes in the singular form, sometimes in the plural, , and once in...
5. Shield (JE | WP GWP G) Like most peoples of antiquity, the Israelites used two kinds of shields—a large one which covered the whole body and...
6. Shield of David (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M38: Magen Dawid
7. Shiggayon (JE | WP GWP G) Term used as the superscription of Ps. vii. 1, and, in the form , of Hab. iii. 1, although the Septuagint evidently reads...
8. Shila of Kefar Tamarta JE (JE | WP GWP G) Palestinian amora of the third century. In Palestinian sources he is called only by his personal name, but in the Babylonian...
9. Shiloah (JE | WP GWP G) Locality mentioned in the Old Testament as "the waters of Shiloah" (Isa. viii. 6) and "the pool of Siloah" (Neh. iii. 15)...
10. Shiloh (JE | WP GWP G) City of Ephraim, where were placed, after the settlement in Palestine, the Ark and the sanctuary of Yhwh at which the family...
11. Shimei JE (JE | WP GWP G) Benjamite of Bahurim, son of Gera, "a man of the family of the house of Saul" (II Sam. xvi. 5-14, xix. 16-23; I Kings ii....
12. Shin (JE | WP GWP G) Twenty-first letter of the Hebrew alphabet. Its name appears to be connected with "shen" = "tooth" (see Alphabet). The sign...
13. Shinar (JE | WP GWP G) Name for Babylonia occurring eight times in the Old Testament. In Gen. x. 10 the beginning of Nimrod's kingdom is said...
14. Shinnuy ha-Shem (JE | WP GWP G) the custom of changing a person's name, as a tribute to his achievements, or as a sign that his condition will be improved...
15. Ship, Ship-builder, and Shipping (JE | WP GWP G) -- See N139: Navigation
16. Shir ha-Shirim (Canticles) Rabbah JE (JE | WP GWP G) Haggadic midrash on Canticles, quoted by Rashi under the title "Midrash Shir ha-Shirim" (commentary on Cant. iv. 1, viii....
17. Shir ha-Shirim (Canticles) Zuta JE (JE | WP GWP G) Midrash, or, rather, homiletic commentary, on Canticles; referred to in the various Yalkuṭim and by the ancient...
18. Shirah Hadashah (JE | WP GWP G) A passage which illustrates the influence of the Midrash on the development of synagogal music. The Biblical prescription...
19. Perek (Pirke) Shirah (JE | WP GWP G) Chapter of song and praise to God by heavenly and earthly bodies, and by plants and dumb creatures. It is composed of Scriptural...
20. Shiraz (JE | WP GWP G) City of Persia; capital of the province of Fars. It was founded by Mohammed, brother of Al-Ḥajjaj, in the year 74 of...

641 – 660

1. Shishak (Sheshonk I) (JE | WP GWP G) the first king of the twenty-second dynasty of Egypt. His grandfather, Sheshonk, descendant of a Libyan soldier, married...
2. Saul b. Judah Löb Shiskes (JE | WP GWP G) Polish rabbinical scholar; died in Wilna, at an advanced age, March 28, 1797. He is chiefly known as the author of "Shebil...
3. Shittah-tree (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A709: Acacia
4. Shittim (JE | WP GWP G) Valley north of the Dead Sea on the left bank of the Jordan, in which the children of Israel, before their entry into the...
5. Shittim-wood (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A709: Acacia
6. Shi'ur Komah (JE | WP GWP G) Esoteric work on the dimensions of the body of God and of His several members. It exists apparently only in fragments, the...
7. Shklov (JE | WP GWP G) Town in the government of Moghilef, Russia; situated on the right bank of the Dnieper. Jews settled there at an early period...
8. Isaac Vladimirovich Shklovski (JE | WP GWP G) Russian journalist; born at Yelisavetgrad in 1865. He was educated at the gymnasium of his native town, and at the age of...
9. Shkud (JE | WP GWP G) Russian town in the government of Kovno, situated at the confluence of the rivers Bortava and Liwba. The earliest written...
10. Shneor Zalman ben Baruch (JE | WP GWP G) Leader of the rational Ḥasidim called "ḤaBaD" (acrostic formed from "Ḥokmah," "Binah," "De'ah" = "Wisdom...
11. Shobach (JE | WP GWP G) Captain of the army of Hadarezer, King of Aram, who was defeated and slain by David at Helam (II Sam. x. 16-18). According...
12. Shoe (JE | WP GWP G) For the greater part, among the ancient Hebrews, the shoe consisted merely of a sole of leather or, less often, of wood, supported...
13. Shofar (JE | WP GWP G) the ancient ritual horn of Israel, representing, next to the 'Ugab or reeds, the oldest surviving form of wind-instrument...
14. The Shofar (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
15. Shofet (JE | WP GWP G) -- See J688: Judge
16. Shofet Kol ha-Arez (JE | WP GWP G) Important Pizmon of six verses, each ending with a phrase from Num. xxviii. 23. Being signed with the acrostic "Shelomoh,"...
17. Shoham (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B449: Bdellium
18. Shohet (JE | WP GWP G) the Talmudic regulations for slaughtering remained unchanged until the sixteenth century. Then, however, Joseph Caro in the...
19. Shomer Ziyyon ha-Ne'eman (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
20. Shomron Kol Titten (JE | WP GWP G) Dramatic elegy by Solomon ibn Gabirol, sung at the conclusion of the order of Kinot according to the Polish ritual,...

661 – 680

1. Shophach (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S651: Shobach
2. Showbread JE (JE | WP GWP G) Twelve cakes, with two-tenths of an ephah in each, and baked of fine flour, which were ranged in two rows (or piles) on the...
3. Samuel Edward Shrimski (JE | WP GWP G) New Zealand politician; born at Posen, Prussia, 1828; died at Auckland, New Zealand, June 25, 1902. In 1847 he went to London...
4. Shroud (JE | WP GWP G) Robe in which the dead are arrayed for burial. The shroud is made of white linen cloth ("sadin," the σιν&#948...
5. Shulamite (JE | WP GWP G) Principal character in the Song of Songs (A. V. Song of Solomon), although mentioned there in one passage only (vii. 1 [A...
6. Shulhan 'Aruk (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C188: Caro, Joseph
7. Samuel Shullam JE (JE | WP GWP G) Jewish physician and historian; flourished in the second half of the sixteenth century. He was of Spanish descent, and after...
8. Naphtali Herz Shulman (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Hebrew author; born at Stary Bychow; died at Amsterdam about 1830. He edited Mussafia's "Zeker Rab" (Shklov, 1797)...
9. Abraham Shuman (JE | WP GWP G) American merchant and philanthropist; born in Prussia May 31, 1839. While still a child he accompanied his parents to the...
10. Shumla (JE | WP GWP G) City of Bulgaria. According to local tradition there was not a Jew at Shumla until about 1780; but in that year a pasha of...
11. Shelomo Salem Shurrabi (JE | WP GWP G) Ḥakam of the Beni-Israel community of Bombay; born at Cochin at the end of the eighteenth century; died at Bombay April...
12. Shushan (JE | WP GWP G) Ancient capital of Susiana or Elam, and the winter residence of the kings of Persia; situated between the Choaspes (modern...
13. Shushan (Susa) Purim (JE | WP GWP G) Name given to the day which follows Purim—i.e., to the 15th of Adar, on which day, according to the Book of Esther (ix...
14. Judah Löb Shusslowitz (JE | WP GWP G) Russian scholar; lived at Shklov in the nineteenth century. He was the author of "Ozar ha-Shemot," a concordance of...
15. Shylock (JE | WP GWP G) Character in Shakespeare's play the Merchant of Venice." Shylock is represented as making a wager with Antonio, a merchant...
16. Leon Judah Aryeh (Nasr Al Din) Si'a (V11p317001jpg) (JE | WP GWP G) Physician in Constantinople, and a friend of Jewish science; lived before 1633. He translated Judah ha-Levi's "Cuzari"...
17. Sibbechai (JE | WP GWP G) Captain under David who came from the town of Shushan, near Ephrath-Bethlehem. He distinguished himself by overcoming a Philistine...
18. Siberia (JE | WP GWP G) Russian territory in northern Asia, extending from the Ural Mountains to the Pacific Ocean, and from the Arctic Sea to the...
19. Siblonot (JE | WP GWP G) Talmudic term for gifts presented to a bride by the bridegroom or by the parents. According to some authorities, the word...
20. Sibyl (JE | WP GWP G) Woman who prophesied, while in a state of frenzy, under the supposed inspiration of a deity. In the Jewish sense of persons...

681 – 700

1. Sicarii JE (JE | WP GWP G) Term applied, in the decades immediately preceding the destruction of Jerusalem, to the jewish Zealots who attempted to expel...
2. Jules Sichel (JE | WP GWP G) French oculist; born at Frankfort-on-the-Main 1802; died at Paris Nov. 14, 1868. He studied medicine at Berlin (M. D. 1825)...
3. Nathaneel Sichel (JE | WP GWP G) German painter; born at Mayence Jan. 8, 1843. He studied in Munich at the Royal Academy of Art (1859-62) under Julius Schrader...
4. Sicily (JE | WP GWP G) Large island in the Mediterranean Sea, southwest of Italy, to which it belongs and from which it is separated by the Strait...
5. Visiting the sick (JE | WP GWP G) to visit the sick in order to show them sympathy, cheer them, and aid and relieve them in their suffering is declared by the...
6. Sid, Sidi (JE | WP GWP G) Common family name among Eastern Jews, borne by several rabbinical authors. Abraham Moses Sid: Servian rabbinical author...
7. Vale of Siddim (JE | WP GWP G) the etymology of "Siddim" is uncertain (see G. A. Smith, "Historical Geog. of the Holy Land," p. 503), though Targ. On&#7731...
8. Siddur (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P497: Prayer-Books
9. Sidon (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S689: Ẓidon
10. Simon Sidon (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian rabbi and author; born at Nadas Jan. 23, 1815; died at Tyrnau Dec. 18, 1891. His father came from Kanitz in Moravia...
11. Sidra (JE | WP GWP G) Term, the original meaning of which is "order" or "arrangement," frequently used in both Talmuds to denote a section of the...
12. Isaac ben David Siebenberger (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Hebraist; died at Warsaw April 2, 1879. He occupied himself especially with apocryphal literature, his translations...
13. Henry Siegel (JE | WP GWP G) American merchant; born at Eubigheim, Germany, March 17, 1852. At the age of fifteen he emigrated to the United States and...
14. Karl Siegfried (JE | WP GWP G) German Protestant theologian; born at Magdeburg Jan. 22, 1830; died at Jena Jan. 9, 1903. In 1875 he became professor of theology...
15. Gottlieb Siesby (JE | WP GWP G) Danish poet and editor; born in Copenhagen May 4, 1803; died there Nov. 28, 1884; brother of Oskar Siesby. His first publication...
16. Oskar Siesby (JE | WP GWP G) Danish philologist; born in Ebeltoft, Jutland, July 19, 1833; brother of Gottlieb Siesby. He graduated from the University...
17. Sifra JE (JE | WP GWP G) Halakic midrash to Leviticus. It is frequently quoted in the Talmud, and the study of it followed that of the Mishnah, as...
18. Sifre JE (JE | WP GWP G) Midrash to Numbers and Deuteronomy (for the title "Sifre debe Rab" see R. Hananeel on Sheb. 37b, Alfasi on Pes. x., and Rashi...
19. Sifre Zuta JE (JE | WP GWP G) A peculiar midrash to Numbers, of especial interest for the study of the Halakah. Its authenticity is wrongly questioned by...
20. Sifroni b. Israel (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S513: Sforno

701 to 800

701 – 720

1. Sifte Yeshenim (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B401: Bass, Shabbethai
2. Sigmaringen (JE | WP GWP G) -- See H843: Hohenzollern
3. Sign (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M650: Miracle
4. Signature (JE | WP GWP G) Usually a writer inscribes his name at the end of a writing as a certification of authorship or as an indication that he accepts...
5. Sihin (JE | WP GWP G) Large and populous city in the territory of the tribe of Zebulon, near Sepphoris. After the destruction of Jerusalem it lost...
6. Sihon (JE | WP GWP G) Amoritic king of the east-Jordan country, whose kingdom extended from the Arnon in the south to the Jabbok in the north, and...
7. Silas UNR (JE | WP GWP G) A Jew who made himself tyrant of Lysias, a district of the Lebanon. Pompey subjugated him, together with other petty rulers...
8. Eliezer Lipman Silberman (JE | WP GWP G) German rabbi and Hebrew journalist; born in Königsberg, Prussia, Sept. 7, 1819; died in Lyck, Prussia, March 15, 1882...
9. Adolf Silberstein (Ötvös) (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian art critic and writer; born at Budapest July 1, 1845; died there Jan. 12, 1899. After graduating from the gymnasium...
10. Michael Silberstein (JE | WP GWP G) German rabbi; born at Witzenhausen, Hesse-Nassau, Nov. 21, 1834; educated in his native town, in Hanover, at the Jewish Theological...
11. Solomon Silberstein (JE | WP GWP G) American philosophical writer; born at Kovno, Russia, March 10, 1845. Educated privately, he received the rabbinical diploma...
12. Silesia (JE | WP GWP G) Province of Prussia, formerly of Austria. Unreliable accounts date the first settlement of Jews in Silesia as early as the...
13. Siloam Inscription (JE | WP GWP G) the inscription on the Siloam conduit; the earliest long ancient Hebrew inscription that has been found at Jerusalem&#8212...
14. Antonio José da Silva (JE | WP GWP G) Portuguese poet; born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, May 8, 1705; died at the stake in Lisbon Oct. 19, 1739; son of Jaão...
15. Francisco Maldonado de Silva (JE | WP GWP G) Peruvian physician, controversial writer, and martyr; born in San Miguel, province of Tucuman, Peru, about 1592; burned at...
16. Hezekiah Silva JE (JE | WP GWP G) Jewish author; born at Leghorn in 1659; died at Jerusalem in 1698; son-in-law of the dayyan Mordecai Befael Malachi. About...
17. João Mendes da Silva (JE | WP GWP G) Brazilian poet and attorney; born in Rio de Janeiro 1656; died at Lisbon Jan. 9, 1736. He took his degree in law at the University...
18. Lucius Flavius Silva (JE | WP GWP G) Governor of Judea in 73; consul in 81. He accomplished the difficult task of taking the fortress of Masada from the Sicarii...
19. Samuel da Silva (JE | WP GWP G) Physician of Portuguese birth who lived in Amsterdam in the beginning of the seventeenth century. He is known especially through...
20. Silver (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M516: Metals

721 – 740

1. Joseph Silverman (JE | WP GWP G) American rabbi; born at Cincinnati, Ohio, Aug. 25, 1860. Educated at the high school, the university (A.B. 1883), and the...
2. Silversmith (JE | WP GWP G) -- See G325: Goldsmiths and Silversmiths
3. Abraham (Diego) Gomes Silveyra (Silveira) (JE | WP GWP G) Poet and preacher; long resident in various French and Dutch towns, finally settling at Amsterdam. He was a member of the...
4. Miguel de Silveyra (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish poet; born in Celorico, Portugal, in the last third of the sixteenth century; died at Naples in 1638. He studied philosophy...
5. Sima (Sama) (JE | WP GWP G) Babylonian amora of the latter half of the fourth and of the beginning of the fifth century; son of Rab Ashi. He is known...
6. Samuel Simchowitz (JE | WP GWP G) Russian rabbinical writer; born in the beginning of the nineteenth century; died at Slutzk March, 1896. He possessed a thorough...
7. Simeon REF:JE >> Simeon in rabbinic literature JE (JE | WP GWP G) Second son of Jacob by Leah, and progenitor of one of the tribes of Israel; born at Padan-aram. In Gen. xxix. 33 the origin...
8. Tribe of Simeon JE (JE | WP GWP G) This tribe traces its descent from Simeon, second son of Jacob by Leah. He was the brother of Levi and Dinah, according to...
9. Simeon DAB (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the first generation; brother of Azariah and uncle of Eleazar ben Azariah. He is mentioned only once in the Mishnah...
10. Simeon I UNR (JE | WP GWP G) Son of Hillel and father of Gamaliel I. Nothing is known of him except his name and the fact that he was the successor of...
11. Simeon II (Ben Gamaliel I) + (JE | WP GWP G) President of the Great Sanhedrin at Jerusalem in the last two decades before the destruction of the Temple. Not merely a scholar...
12. Simeon (Ben Gamaliel II) JE (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the third generation, and president of the Great Sanhedrin. Simeon was a youth in Bethar when the bar Kokba war broke...
13. Simeon b. Abba (JE | WP GWP G) Palestinian amora of the third generation; pupil of Ḥanina b. Ḥama, who esteemed him highly, and of Johanan, who...
14. Simeon b. Absalom (JE | WP GWP G) Amora the period of whose activity is not known. Only two haggadic sentences by him have been preserved. One, on Judges iv...
15. Simeon b. 'Akashyah (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the second generation. Only one of his haggadic sentences has been preserved, namely, that explaining Job xii. 12...
16. Akiba Baer Simeon (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A1029: Akiba Baer
17. Simeon b. Boethus (JE | WP GWP G) the first high priest of the family of Boethus in the Temple of Jerusalem. He was a native of Alexandria. He owed his appointment...
18. Simeon ha-Darshan (JE | WP GWP G) -- See K151: Ḳayyara, Simeon
19. Simeon b. Eleazar (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the fourth generation; probably a son of R. Eleazar b. Shammua'. He was a pupil of R. Meïr, whose sentences...
20. Simeon b. Ezron JE (JE | WP GWP G) One of the principals in the war of the Jews against the Romans in the year 66 of the common era, and a partizan of the leader...

741 – 760

1. Simeon bar Giora (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B233: Bar Giora, Simon
2. Simeon b. Halafta (JE | WP GWP G) One of the teachers of the transition period between the Tannaim and the Amoraim. He was a friend of Ḥiyya, and is mentioned...
3. Simeon he-Hasid (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna; period of activity unknown. He is not mentioned in the Mishnah; and only one haggadic sentence of his has been preserved...
4. Simeon b. Isaac b. Abun (JE | WP GWP G) Prominent expounder of the Law and one of the most important liturgical writers of the tenth and eleventh centuries. He was...
5. Simeon b. Jakim (JE | WP GWP G) Palestinian amora of the third generation: pupil of R. Johanan, to whom he often addressed scholarly questions (Yer. &#39...
6. Simeon b. Jehozadak (JE | WP GWP G) Palestinian amora of the first generation; probably the teacher of Johanan, who has transmitted several halakic sayings of...
7. Simeon b. Jose b. Lekonya (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the fourth generation; contemporary of R. Judah ha-Nasi I. He was the brother-in-law of Eleazar b. Simeon, whose...
8. Simeon ben Joseph of Lunel (JE | WP GWP G) Talmudist of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. His Provençal name was En Duran. He was a native of Perpignan,...
9. Simeon b. Judah (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the fourth generation; a native of Kefar 'Ikos (comp. on this name H. Hildesheimer, "Beiträge zur Geographie...
10. Simeon b. Judah Löb Peiser (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P156: Peiser
11. Simeon ben Judah ha-Nasi I (JE | WP GWP G) One of the teachers during the transition period between the Tannaim and the Amoraim. He was the younger son of Judah, and...
12. Simeon the Just JE (JE | WP GWP G) High priest. He is identical either with Simeon I. (310-291 or 300-270 B.C.), son of Onias I., and grandson of Jaddua, or...
13. Simeon Kahira (JE | WP GWP G) -- See K151: Ḳayyara, Simeon
14. Simeon bar Kappara (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B236: Bar Ḳappara
15. Simeon Kara JE (JE | WP GWP G) -- See K103: Ḳara
16. Simeon of Kitron (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of whom only one haggadic saying has been preserved. This is to the effect that it was on account of the bones of Joseph...
17. Simeon b. Lakish JE (JE | WP GWP G) One of the two most prominent Palestinian amoraim of the second generation (the other being his brother-in-law and halakic...
18. Simeon b. Menasya (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the fourth generation, and contemporary of R. Judah ha-Nasi I., with whom he engaged in a halakic discussion (Be&#7827...
19. Simeon of Mizpah (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the first generation; contemporary of R. Gamaliel I., together with whom he went to the bet din in the hall of hewn...
20. Simeon ben Nanos (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the second generation; contemporary of R. Ishmael and R. Akiba, with whom he often engaged in halakic discussions...

761 – 780

1. Simeon b. Nethaneel (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the first generation; pupil of R. Johanan b. Zakkai (Ab. ii. 8), and son-in-law of R. Gamaliel I. (Tosef., 'Ab...
2. Simeon ha-Pakoli (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the second generation; contemporary of R. Gamaliel II. at Jabneh. He arranged the eighteen benedictions of the daily...
3. Simeon b. Pazzi (JE | WP GWP G) Palestinian amora of the third generation. In Palestine he was called merely "Simon," this being the Greek form of his Hebrew...
4. Simeon the Pious (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S743: Simeon he-Ḥasid
5. Simeon ben Samuel (JE | WP GWP G) Philosopher and cabalist of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries; of French or German birth. He was the author of a work...
6. Simeon ben Samuel of Joinville (JE | WP GWP G) French tosafist and Biblical commentator of the thirteenth century. He is once referred to, erroneously, as Samson b. Samuel...
7. Simeon ben ha-Segan (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the second generation. Some halakic sayings of his have been preserved in the Mishnah, all of which have been transmitted...
8. Simeon ben Shetah JE (JE | WP GWP G) Teacher of the Law and president of the Sanhedrin during the reigns of Alexander Jannæus and his successor, Queen Alexandra...
9. Simeon Shezuri (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the second generation and pupil of R. Tarfon (Men. 31a; Tosef., Demai, v. 22). He was called "Shezuri" after...
10. Simeon of Shikmona (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the second generation and pupil of Akiba. He was anative of Shikmona, a locality in the vicinity of Mt. Carmel...
11. Simeon b. Tarfon (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the second generation. Four exegetic sentences by him have been preserved: (1) "Ex. xxii. 11, 'Then shall an...
12. Simeon of Teman (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the second generation. He disputed with R. Akiba on a halakic sentence deduced from Ex. xxi. 18 (Tosef., Sanh. xii...
13. Simeon b. Yannai (JE | WP GWP G) Palestinian amora of the third century. He transmits a halakic saying of his father's which he had received from his sister...
14. Simeon ben Yohai (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the second century; supposed author of the Zohar; born in Galilee; died, according to tradition, at Meron, on the...
15. Simeon b. Zabdai (Zebid) (JE | WP GWP G) Palestinian amora of the third century; teacher of the son of Assi (Yer. Shab. 9a). A few of his interpretations of Scriptural...
16. Simeon b. Zemah Duran (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D526: Duran
17. Simeonites (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S728: Simeon, Tribe of
18. Simferopol (JE | WP GWP G) Capital of the government of Taurida, Russia, a city on the Salghir river, near Sebastopol. In the beginning of the nineteenth...
19. Simhah (Freudemann) Ephraim ben Gershon ben Simeon ben Isaiah ha-Kohen (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi in Belgrade; born about 1622; died 1669. He succeeded his teacher Judah Lerma as rabbi at Belgrade, and wrote a preface...
20. Simhah b. Gershom ha-Kohen Port Rapa (JE | WP GWP G) -- See R105: Rapa (Portrapa), Simḥah ben Gershom ha-Kohen

781 – 800

1. Simhah b. Isaac b. Kalonymus ha-Kohen (JE | WP GWP G) One of the Worms Jews who were killed by the pilgrims of the First Crusade on May 25, 1096. When his father, Mar Isaac, and...
2. Isaac ben Moses Simhah (JE | WP GWP G) -- See L636: Luzki
3. Simhah of Rome JE (JE | WP GWP G) Scholar and rabbi of the Roman community in the last quarter of the thirteenth century. He was given an open letter by the...
4. Simhah b. Samuel of Speyer JE (JE | WP GWP G) German tosafist of the thirteenth century. Neither the year of his birth nor that of his death is known. He took part in the...
5. Simhah b. Samuel of Vitry JE (JE | WP GWP G) French Talmudist of the eleventh and twelfth centuries; died in 1105. He was a pupil of Rashi and the compiler of the Vitry...
6. Simhat Torah (JE | WP GWP G) Name given to the second day of Shemini 'Azeret; it falls on the 23d of Tishri and closes the Feast of Sukkot. The...
7. Simmlein of Halberstadt (JE | WP GWP G) German Talmudist; rabbi at Halberstadt from 1620 to 1650. The period of his activity was practically coextensive with that...
8. Laurence Mark Simmons (JE | WP GWP G) English rabbi; born in London 1852; died at Manchester April 5, 1900. He was educated at the City of London School, proceeding...
9. Simon (Simhah) Calimani (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C51: Calimani, Simḥah (Simon) ben Abraham
10. Simon Cephas (JE | WP GWP G) the first of the Twelve Apostles; the chief disciple of Jesus and head of the early Church. His life became at an early stage...
11. Gustav Simon (JE | WP GWP G) German surgeon; born at Darmstadt May 30, 1824; died at Heidelberg Aug. 28, 1876. He studied at Heidelberg and Giessen (M...
12. Jean Henri Simon JE (JE | WP GWP G) Belgian engraver and soldier; born at Brussels Oct. 28, 1752; died there March 12, 1834. He was a son of the engraver Jacob...
13. Sir John Simon (JE | WP GWP G) English sergeant at law and politician; born in Jamaica Dec. 9, 1818; died in London June 24, 1897. He was descended on the...
14. Joseph Simon (JE | WP GWP G) American lawyer and politician; born at Bechtheim, Hesse, Feb. 7, 1851. He accompanied his parents to Portland, Ore., in 1857...
15. Joseph Simon (JE | WP GWP G) Chief of the bureau of the Progressive communities of Hungary, and reporter on Jewish affairs in the Hungarian Ministry of...
16. Simon the Just (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S752: Simeon the Just
17. Simon Maccabeus (JE | WP GWP G) Hasmonean prince and high priest; died 135 B.C.; second son of Mattathias. In I Macc. ii. 3 he is called Thassi; in Josephus...
18. Simon Magus (JE | WP GWP G) A personage frequently mentioned in the history of primitive Christianity. According to Acts viii. 9-23, he was greatly fearedthroughout...
19. Moritz Alexander Simon (JE | WP GWP G) German banker and philanthropist; born at Hanover Nov. 27, 1837; died there 1905. Educated at his native town, he became associated...
20. Oskar Simon (JE | WP GWP G) German dermatologist; born at Berlin Jan. 2, 1845; died at Breslau March 2, 1882. Educated in his native city (M.D. 1868)...

801 to 900

801 – 820

1. Lady Rachel Simon (JE | WP GWP G) English authoress; born in London Aug. 1, 1823; died there July 7, 1899; daughter of Simeon K. Salaman and Alice Cowen. She...
2. Richard Simon (JE | WP GWP G) French scholar and Orientalist; born at Dieppe May 13, 1638; died there April 21, 1721. After studying at the Sorbonne he...
3. Simon (Simedl, Simoncino) of Trent (JE | WP GWP G) Child victim of an alleged ritual murder by the Jews of Trent. He was the son of Andreas Unverdosben, a cobbler, or tanner...
4. Simonias (JE | WP GWP G) A city in Galilee, about two hours southwest of Sepphoris. In the Talmud (Yer. Meg. 70a) it is identified with the Shimron...
5. David Simons (JE | WP GWP G) Dutch jurist; born at the Hague Nov. 3, 1860. He studied law at the University of Leyden (J.U.D. 1883), and then established...
6. David Jacob Simonsen (JE | WP GWP G) Danish rabbi and author; born in Copenhagen March 17, 1853. He studied at the Von Westenske Institut in his native city, at...
7. Joseph Levin Simonsen (JE | WP GWP G) Danish jurist; born in Copenhagen Dec. 26, 1814; died there June 21, 1886. He was graduated from the University of Copenhagen...
8. Sigmund Simonyi (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian linguist; born at Veszprim Jan. 1, 1853; studied at Esztergom, Budapest, Leipsic, Berlin, and Paris; he has embraced...
9. Simson (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S122: Samson
10. Martin Eduard von Simson (JE | WP GWP G) German jurist and statesman; born Nov. 10, 1810, at Königsberg, East Prussia; died at Berlin May 22, 1899. Educated at...
11. Simuna (Semona) (JE | WP GWP G) Sabora of the second generation (Halevy, "Dorot ha-Rishonim," iii. 26); principal of the Academy of Pumbedita (520-540) while...
12. Sin (JE | WP GWP G) Under the Jewish theocracy, wilful disregard of the positive, or wilful infraction of the negative, commands of God as proclaimed...
13. Sin (JE | WP GWP G) Egyptian city mentioned in Ezek. xxx. 15 et seq.; probably the ancient frontier fortress of Pelusium (so cited in Jerome)...
14. Sin (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S632: Shin
15. Sin-offering (JE | WP GWP G) the sin-offering proper is a sacrifice consisting of either a beast or a fowl and offered on the altar to atone for a sin...
16. Sinai (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
17. Mount Sinai (JE | WP GWP G) Mountain situated in the desert of Sinai, famous for its connection with the promulgation of the Law by God through Moses...
18. Sinaitic Commandments (JE | WP GWP G) Halakot designated in the Mishnah and the Talmudim as "halakot le-Mosheh mi-Sinai," i.e., as having been transmitted from...
19. Sindabar (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S820: Sindbad
20. Sindbad (JE | WP GWP G) Collection of tales on the wiles of women, the enveloping action of which deals with the attempt of a step-mother on the life...

821 – 840

1. Singapore (JE | WP GWP G) Capital and seaport of the British dependency of Singapore. Jews commenced to settle in Singapore in 1840. For a number of...
2. Edmund Singer (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian violinist; born at Totis, Hungary, Oct. 14, 1831; pupil successively of Ellinger, Ridley Kohne, and Joseph B&#246...
3. Isidor Singer (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian economist; born in Budapest Jan. 16, 1857; removed to Vienna with his parents in 1861. He studied mathematics and...
4. Isidore Singer (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian author and editor, and originator of the Jewish Encyclopedia; born in Weisskirchen, Moravia, Nov. 10, 1859; educated...
5. Josef Singer (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian cantor; born in Galicia Oct. 15, 1842. His father, an itinerant Chazzan, destined him for a theatrical career...
6. Maximilian Singer (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian botanist, zoologist, and author; born at Leipnik Feb. 6, 1857 (Ph.D. Vienna, 1883). He made a specialty of botany...
7. Paul Singer (JE | WP GWP G) German Social Democrat and deputy; born in Berlin Jan. 16, 1844. After having attended the real-school of his native city...
8. Samuel Singer (JE | WP GWP G) Philologist; born in Vienna July 12, 1860; educated at the gymnasium and university of his native city (LL.D. 1884; Ph.D....
9. Simeon Singer (JE | WP GWP G) English rabbi; born in London 1848. He was educated at Jews' College, received his rabbinical diploma in 1890, and has...
10. Singer and Bass (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M1022: Music, Synagogal
11. Sinigaglia (JE | WP GWP G) Italian family from Sinigaglia; later settled in Scandiano, where Solomon Jedidiah Sinigaglia ("Bet Talmud," iii. 205) was...
12. Sinim (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C461: China
13. Joseph David Sinzheim JE (JE | WP GWP G) First rabbi of Strasburg; born in 1745; died at Paris Feb. 11, 1812; son of R. Isaac Sinzheim of Treves and brother-in-law...
14. Sippai (JE | WP GWP G) Philistine giant, one of the sons of Rapha (A. V. "the giant"); slain at Gezer by Sibbechai the Hushathite, one of David&#39...
15. Hasidic Sippurim (Ma'asiyyot) (JE | WP GWP G) Stories, legends, or tales related by, or of, the Ḥasidic "rebbes" (rabbis)—the "Zaddikim," or "&#7731...
16. The Wisdom of Jesus the Son of Sirach (JE | WP GWP G) Among the books of the Greek Bible is one entitled Σοφία Ἰησοῦ ϒ&#7985...
17. Pseudo-Sirach (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B654: Ben Sira, Alphabet of
18. Solomon Sirillo (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish Talmudist of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. He was one of the exiles of 1492, and settled at Safed, where...
19. Joel b. Samuel Sirkes (JE | WP GWP G) Polish rabbi; born at Lublin in 1561; died at Cracow, 1640. At the age of fourteen he was sent to the yeshibah of Solomon...
20. Sisera (JE | WP GWP G) General of the army of King Jabin of Hazor. According to Judges iv. 9 et seq., he invaded the northern part of Judea in the...

841 – 860

1. Sisterhoods of Personal Service (JE | WP GWP G) Associations of female charity-workers who devote time to the care of the needy and the distressed. A sermon delivered by...
2. Siwan (JE | WP GWP G) Third ecclesiastical and ninth civil month. It has thirty days, and coincides, approximately, with the Roman month of June...
3. Sixtus Senensis (JE | WP GWP G) Italian convert to Christianity and anti-Talmudic agitator; born at Sienna (whence his name) in 1520; died in 1569. After...
4. Siyyum (JE | WP GWP G) the formal ceremonial act of completing the writing of a scroll of the Law, or the formal conclusion of the study of a division...
5. Skeptic >> Jewish skeptics JE (JE | WP GWP G) in a specific sense, one who remains in a state of doubt, declaring all positive truth, religiousor philosophical, to be unattainable...
6. Lazar Skreinka (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian scholar; lived in the middle of the nineteenth century. He devoted himself to teaching and became the principal...
7. Damianus Skuteczky (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian genre and portrait painter; born at Kis-Györ Feb. 9, 1850. After he had studied at the Kunstakademie under...
8. Slander (JE | WP GWP G) the Hebrew terms "'alilot debarim" (occasions of speech) and "mozi' shem ra'" occur in connection with the...
9. Slave-trade (JE | WP GWP G) Trading in slaves was permitted by all ancient and medieval legislations; even Christian Europe allowed it down to the thirteenth...
10. Slaves and Slavery >> Judaism and slavery REF:JE, Jews and the slave trade (JE | WP GWP G) the Hebrew word "'ebed" really means "slave"; but the English Bible renders it "servant" (a) where the word is used figuratively...
11. Charles Sloman (JE | WP GWP G) English composer, and singer of comic songs; born about 1808; died in London July 21, 1870. He composed "Sacred Strains and...
12. Henry Sloman (JE | WP GWP G) English actor; born in Rochester, England, 1793; died there Aug., 1873. He was a favorite comedian during Glossop's management...
13. Benjamin Aaron b. Abraham Slonik (JE | WP GWP G) Polish Talmudist; born about 1550; died after 1619. His signature appears invariably as "Benjamin Aaron ben Abraham ," the...
14. Slonim (JE | WP GWP G) District town in the government of Grodno, Russia; it became part of Lithuania in 1316. Jews probably lived in Slonim under...
15. Hayyim Selig Slonimski (JE | WP GWP G) Russian author, scientist, and inventor; born in Byelostok March 31, 1810; died in Warsaw May 15, 1904. Slonimski was the...
16. Leonid Zinovyevich Slonimski (JE | WP GWP G) Russian publicist; born in 1852; son of Ḥayyim Selig Slonimski. At the age of twenty he began contributing sociological...
17. David Solomon Slouschz (JE | WP GWP G) Russian rabbi and preacher; born at Odessa Sept. 11, 1852. Having received an elementary education in his native town, Slouschz...
18. Nahum Slouschz (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Hebrew litterateur; born at Odessa Nov., 1872. He was educated at the common school of his native city, and, in rabbinics...
19. David Slucki (JE | WP GWP G) Hebrew scholar of Warsaw; died there between 1870 and 1880. Besides his edition of David Franco Mendes' "Gemul 'Atalyah"...
20. Small and Large Letters (JE | WP GWP G) There are about 100 abnormal letters in the Masoretic text of the Bible—many of them in the Pentateuch—which were...

861 – 880

1. Smol von Derenburch (Samuel of Derenburg) (JE | WP GWP G) Court banker to the archbishops of Magdeburg in the fourteenth century; died after Oct. 5, 1382. In some of his financial...
2. Smolensk (JE | WP GWP G) Capital of the government of Smolensk, Russia; situated on the Dnieper, 250 miles west-southwest of Moscow. Jews resided there...
3. Peter (Perez) ben Moses Smolenskin (JE | WP GWP G) Russian writer; born at Monastyrshchina, government of Moghilef, Feb. 25, 1842; died at Meran, Austria, Feb. 1, 1885. At the...
4. Smyrna (JE | WP GWP G) Seaport of Asia Minor, in the Turkish vilayet of Aidin. The city had a Jewish population as early as the time of the martyrdom...
5. Snail (JE | WP GWP G) Rendering given in the English versions for "shabbelul," which occurs only in Ps. lviii. 9 (A. V. 8). An equivalent rendering...
6. Sneezing (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A2065: Asusa
7. Isaac Snowman JE (JE | WP GWP G) English artist; born in London 1874; educated at the City of London School. In 1890 he entered the Royal Academy School, where...
8. Moses Soave JE (JE | WP GWP G) Italian Hebraist; born in Venice March 28, 1820; died there Nov. 27, 1882. He supported himself as a private tutor in Venetian...
9. Joseph Friedrich Sobernheim (JE | WP GWP G) German physician and author of medical works; born at Königsberg in 1803; died at Berlin Jan. 30, 1846. He published...
10. John Sobieski (JE | WP GWP G) -- See J377: John Sobieski
11. Soborten JE (JE | WP GWP G) Town in Bohemia, whose community is probably one of the oldest in the province. The community of Soborten includes parts of...
12. Sobotniki (JE | WP GWP G) A Russian rationalistic organization. See Subbotniki and Judaizing Heresy.
13. Socialism JE Theory of civil polity which advocates public collective ownership, production, and distribution. Jews have been prominently...
14. Société des Études Juives (JE | WP GWP G) Society for the study of Jewish history and literature, and especially of the history and literature of the Jews of France...
15. Learned Societies (JE | WP GWP G) Nearly every Jewish community possessed, or still possesses, various societies aiming to propagate Jewish learning. There...
16. Society of American Cantors (JE | WP GWP G) Founded by Alois Kaiser in Baltimore, Md., May 14, 1895. Its object is the elevation of the cantor's profession, the furtherance...
17. Society for the Promotion of Culture among the Jews of Russia (JE | WP GWP G) Society founded at St. Petersburg in Dec., 1863, by some of the most prominent Russian Jews, e.g., Joseph Yozel Günzburg...
18. Sodom (JE | WP GWP G) First city of Pentapolis, the others being Gomorrah, Admah, Zeboiim, and Zoar, all situated in the vale of Siddim (Gen. xiv...
19. Samuel Abravanel Soeira (JE | WP GWP G) Son of Manasseh ben Israel (Abravanel Soeira being the maiden name of Manasseh's wife); born in Amsterdam 1625; died in...
20. Soest (JE | WP GWP G) City in the province of Westphalia, Prussia. As early as the middle of the thirteenth century Jews of Soest are mentioned...

881 – 900

1. Sof Pasuk (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A717: Accents in Hebrew
2. Sofer (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S407: Scribes
3. Abraham Sofer (JE | WP GWP G) -- See N279: Niederländer, Abraham ben Ephraim
4. Hayyim ben Mordecai Ephraim Fischl Sofer REF:JE (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian rabbi; born at Presburg Sept. 29, 1821; died at Pesth June 28, 1886. He studied at Presburg and at Ungvar, where...
5. NULL (JE) No page
6. Soferim JE (JE | WP GWP G) Talmudic treatise dealing especially with the rules relating to the preparation of the holy books, as well as with the regulations...
7. Sofia (JE | WP GWP G) Capital of Bulgaria, 350 miles from Constantinople. The city had Jewish inhabitants before the ninth century; and this community...
8. Nahum b. Joseph Samuel Sokolow (JE | WP GWP G) Russian journalist; born in Wishograd, government of Plock, Russian Poland, Jan. 10, 1859. His father, a descendant of Nathan...
9. De Sola >> Abraham de Sola JE, David de Aaron de Sola JE (JE | WP GWP G) Sephardic family. According to family tradition, its earliest known members lived in Toledo and Navarre in the eighth and...
10. Emile-Arthur Soldi (JE | WP GWP G) French engraver, sculptor, and writer on art; born at Paris May 27, 1846; son of David Soldi, a professor of modern languages...
11. Solis (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish and Portuguese family of crypto-Jews, some of whom were inquisitors, while others were victims of the Inquisition...
12. Solis Cohen (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C605: Cohen, Jacob da Silva Solis
13. Benjamin Aaron Solnik (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S853: Sloniḳ, Benjamin Aaron ben Abraham
14. Solomon JE >> Pharaoh's daughter (wife of Solomon) REF:JE (JE | WP GWP G) Third king of all Israel; reigned from about 971 to 931 B.C ; second son of David and Bath-sheba (II Sam. xii. 23-25). He...
15. Seal of Solomon (JE | WP GWP G) the legend that Solomon possessed a seal ring on which the name of God was engraved and by means of which he controlled the...
16. Temple of Solomon JE (JE | WP GWP G) -- See T122: Temple
17. Testament of Solomon (JE | WP GWP G) Pseudepigraphic treatise on the forms and activities of demons and the charms effective against them. Extracts from the work...
18. Solomon b. Aaron Troki (JE | WP GWP G) -- See T343: Troki
19. Abraham Solomon (JE | WP GWP G) English artist; born in London May, 1824; died at Biarritz in 1862. At the age of eighteen he was admitted as a student to...
20. Solomon b. Abraham Adret (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A857: Adret

901 to 1000

901 – 920

1. Solomon ben Abraham ibn Daud (JE | WP GWP G) Physician and translator. According to Kaufmann and Gross, Solomon belonged to the family of the Spanish translator Abraham...
2. Solomon ben Abraham ben Jehiel (JE | WP GWP G) Italian rabbi; flourished at Rome in the eleventh century; nephew of Nathan b. Jehiel, the author of the "'Aruk." About...
3. Solomon ben Abraham ha-Kohen of Seres (Maharshak) (JE | WP GWP G) Oriental Talmudist; lived at Salonica in the second half of the sixteenth century. His teacher was Joseph Firman. He was the...
4. Solomon ben Abraham ben Samuel JE (JE | WP GWP G) French Talmudist of the first half of the thirteenth century. He was rabbi at Montpellier, and leader of the movement against...
5. Solomon Cohen of Lissa (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C629: Cohen, Solomon ben Eliezer Lipmann of Lissa
6. Edward Solomon (JE | WP GWP G) English musician and composer; born in London 1856; died there Jan. 22, 1895. Solomon, who was largely a self-taught musician...
7. Edward S. Solomon (JE | WP GWP G) American soldier and jurist; born at Sleswick, Sleswick-Holstein, Dec. 25, 1836. On completing his education at the high school...
8. Solomon the Egyptian (JE | WP GWP G) Physician in ordinary to the Byzantine emperor Emanuel Comnenus; lived at Constantinople in the second half of the twelfth...
9. Solomon ben Eliezer ha-Levi (JE | WP GWP G) Turkish Talmudist of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries; brother of Abraham b. Eliezer ha-Levi, who quotes him in his "Ma&#39...
10. Solomon ben Elijah Sharbit ha-Zahab JE (JE | WP GWP G) Oriental astronomer, poet, and grammarian; lived at Salonica and later at Ephesus, in the second half of the fourteenth century...
11. Solomon ben Enoch al-Kustantini (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish exegete of the first half of the fourteenth century. Grätz believes that Solomon belonged to the Al-Kus&#7789...
12. Solomon the Exilarch JE (JE | WP GWP G) Eldest son of the exilarch Ḥasdai; ruled from 730 to 761. In consequence of a dearth of teachers, he found it necessary...
13. Henry Naphtali Solomon (JE | WP GWP G) English Hebraist and educationist; born in London 1796; died there Nov. 12, 1881. He was a son of R. Moses Eliezer Solomon...
14. Solomon b. Isaac (Rashi) (JE | WP GWP G) -- See R121: Rashi
15. Solomon ben Isaac of Orleans (JE | WP GWP G) French tosafist of the twelfth century; elder colleague of the tosafist Joseph ben Isaac of Orleans, together with whom he...
16. Solomon ben Jeroham JE (JE | WP GWP G) Karaite exegete and controversialist; flourished at Jerusalem between 940 and 960. He was considered one of the greatest authorities...
17. Solomon ben Joseph (JE | WP GWP G) French liturgist of Avallon; lived apparently in the thirteenth century. He composed the following piyyuṭim: "Abbi&#39...
18. Solomon ben Joseph ibn Ayyub of Granada (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish physician; lived at Béziers in the middle of the thirteenth century. He translated into Hebrew from the Arabic...
19. Solomon b. Joseph ibn Shoshen (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I48: Ibn Shoshan
20. Solomon ben Judah ha-Babli (JE | WP GWP G) Liturgist of the tenth century. In spite of the epithet "ha-Babli," given him by Rashi (commentary on Ex. xxvi. 15; "Ha-Pardes...

921 – 940

1. Solomon ben Judah of Châteaulandon (JE | WP GWP G) French Talmudist of the end of the thirteenth century. He carried on a learned discussion with Samson of Chinon and Eliezer...
2. Solomon ben Judah of Dreux (JE | WP GWP G) French tosafist and Bible commentator of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. He was a disciple of Isaac ben Samuel the Elder...
3. Solomon b. Judah Löb of Dessau (JE | WP GWP G) German Hebraist and teacher; born about 1662; died after 1734. He was a teacher in Dessau, and is said by Fürst to be...
4. Solomon ben Judah of Lunel JE (JE | WP GWP G) Provençal philosopher; born in 1411. His Provençalname was Solomon Vives. When he was only thirteen years of age...
5. Solomon Levi of Burgos (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P115: Paul de Burgos
6. Solomon and Marcolf JE (JE | WP GWP G) Medieval tale, or romance, describing the adventures and conversations of Solomon and one Marcolf, or Marolf. The adventures...
7. Solomon ben Mazzal Tob (JE | WP GWP G) Turkish Hebrew poet and corrector for the press or, perhaps, printer; flourished at Constantinople in the first half of the...
8. Solomon ben Meïr (JE | WP GWP G) French grammarian and Biblical commentator of the twelfth century, grandson of Rashi and brother of the great tosafists Isaac...
9. Solomon b. Menahem (JE | WP GWP G) -- See F353: Frat Maimon
10. Michael Solomon (JE | WP GWP G) British merchant and politician; born in England 1818; died in Jamaica May 5, 1892. He emigrated to Jamaica at the age of...
11. Solomon b. Mordecai (JE | WP GWP G) Polish rabbi; died 1609. He was a pupil of Solomon Luria and was rabbi of Meseritz and Ostrog, holding also some rabbinical...
12. Solomon ben Moses Chelm (JE | WP GWP G) Polish rabbi of the eighteenth century; born at Samoscz, government of Lublin; died at Salonica in 1778. He was successively...
13. Solomon ben Moses ben Jekuthiel de Rossi (JE | WP GWP G) Writer, and composer of synagogal hymns; flourished in Rome during the thirteenth century; died after 1284 in the prime of...
14. Solomon ben Moses ben Joseph (JE | WP GWP G) Italian liturgist of the thirteenth century; identified by some with Jehiel b. Jekuthiel Anaw, and by others with Solomon...
15. Solomon ben Moses of Melgueil (JE | WP GWP G) French philosophical writer and translator of the thirteenth century. The supposition that Solomon was a native of Melgueil...
16. Myer Solomon (JE | WP GWP G) Founder of the St. Alban's Place Synagogue, London; born in the last quarter of the eighteenth century; died Dec. 31,...
17. Solomon Nasi ben Isaac Nasi Cayl (JE | WP GWP G) Liturgical poet; lived at Marseilles about 1285. Cayl is a family name, derived from Caylus, a town in the department of Tarn-et-Garonne...
18. Solomon ben Nathan Ashkenazi (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A1953: Ashkenazi
19. Philip S Solomon (JE | WP GWP G) Attorney-general of Fiji; born at Lee, Essex, England, Oct. 15, 1830; died in New South Wales March 24, 1895. Early in life...
20. Solomon de Sabalducchio (JE | WP GWP G) Physician; flourished in Perugia, Italy, in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Pope Boniface IX., shortly after his accession...

941 – 960

1. Solomon Salman b. Moses (JE | WP GWP G) -- See L536: London, Solomon
2. Solomon ben Samson JE (JE | WP GWP G) Scholar of Worms in the eleventh century; teacher and relative of Rashi, who refers to him as an authority beside his other...
3. Samuel Solomon (JE | WP GWP G) English quack; born in 1780; died in London 1818. He flourished in Liverpool and was an original and somewhat eccentric character...
4. Solomon Shalem b. Hayyim Jehiel Cohen (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi in the second half of the eighteenth century; died at Amsterdam 1781. He resided successively at Adrianople, Bologna...
5. Simeon Solomon (JE | WP GWP G) English painter; born at Bristol 1834; died at London March 15, 1905; brother of Abraham Solomon. He early showed signs of...
6. Solomon Joseph Solomon (JE | WP GWP G) English painter; born in London Sept. 16, 1860. He received his artistic training at Heatherly's, at the schools of the...
7. Solomon of Tours (JE | WP GWP G) French Talmudist; contemporary of Rashi, with whom he carried on a learned correspondence. Rashi addresses him as "My dear...
8. Solomon Urbino (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S948: Urbino, Solomon de
9. Vabian L. Solomon (JE | WP GWP G) Premier of South Australia; born about 1849; son of Judah Moss Solomon. Early in life Solomon went to the Northern Territory...
10. Solomon de Vesoul (JE | WP GWP G) Son of Manessier de Vesoul, who died in 1375 or 1378. By a decree of Charles V., the Wise, he was appointed clerk and tax-gatherer...
11. Solomon ibn Ya'ish ben Abraham (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish scholar, physician, and (probably) Biblical commentator; died at Seville in May, 1345. According to a Spanish tumular...
12. Solomon ibn Zakbel (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish poet of the twelfth century; relative of abu Omar Joseph ibn Sahl, who died in 1124. Solomon was the author of a satirical...
13. Solomon Zalman ben Isaac (JE | WP GWP G) Polish rabbi; died at Warsaw in 1838. After having filled the position of rabbi at Mashelsk and Praga, he was called to the...
14. Jacob b. Solomon Zarfati (JE | WP GWP G) -- See Z36: Ẓarfati
15. Abraham Solomonov (JE | WP GWP G) Russian author; born in Minsk 1778; died in St. Petersburg. He was a prominent propagandist of the Haskalah movement among...
16. Adolphus Simeon Solomons (JE | WP GWP G) American communal worker; born in New York city Oct. 26, 1826; son of John Solomons, a native of London who emigrated to the...
17. Levy Solomons (JE | WP GWP G) One of the founders of the Canadian Jewish community; born early in the eighteenth century; died May 18, 1792. He settled...
18. Joseph Baer Soloveichik (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Talmudist and rabbi; born at Nieswish, Russia, 1820; died May 1, 1892. At an early age he was sent to Volozhin, where...
19. Vladimir Sergeyevich Solovyev (JE | WP GWP G) Russian publicist and friend of the Jews; born 1853; died in 1900. In an article, "Rossiya i Yevropa," he opposed the attitude...
20. Esther Solymosi (JE | WP GWP G) -- See T226: Tisza-Eszlár

961 – 980

1. Abdallah Abraham Joseph Somekh (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi of Bagdad; born in that city 1813; died there 1889. He was educated by Rabbis Jacob Joseph ha-Rofe and Moses &#7716...
2. Judah Sommo (JE | WP GWP G) -- See J642: Judah Leone b. Isaac Sommo
3. Son (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C449: Child, The
4. Son of God (JE | WP GWP G) Term applied to an angel or demigod, one of the mythological beings whose exploits are described in Gen. vi. 2-4, and whose...
5. Son of Man (JE | WP GWP G) the rendering for the Hebrew "ben adam," applied to mankind in general, as opposed to and distinct from non-human relationship...
6. Soncino JE (JE | WP GWP G) Italian family of printers, deriving its name from the town of Soncino, in the duchy of Milan. It traces its descent through...
7. Song of Moses JE (JE | WP GWP G) Poem found in Deut. xxxii. 1-43. It is said that "Moses spake in the ears of all the assembly of Israel the words of this...
8. The Song of Songs (JE | WP GWP G) One of the Five Megillot. The Hebrew title, , is commonly understood to mean "the most excellent of songs, composed by Solomon"...
9. Midrashim to Song of Songs (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S636: Shir ha-Shirim
10. The Song of the Three Holy Children (JE | WP GWP G) Greek insertion in the Book of Daniel after iii. 23, the only one of the additions to Daniel that really add to the text of...
11. Leopold Sonnemann (JE | WP GWP G) German journalist; born at Höchberg, Lower Franconia; Oct. 29, 1831. After having acquired considerable wealth as a merchant...
12. Sigismund Sonnenfeld (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian journalist; born at Vagujhely, Hungary, Oct. 1, 1847. He received his education in his native town, at the gymnasia...
13. Sonnenfels JE (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian family of scholars and writers, descendants of Wurzbach Lipmann, members of which became prominent during the eighteenth...
14. Adolf Ritter von Sonnenthal (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian actor; born at Budapest Dec. 21, 1834. He was the son of humble parents, and spent his boyhood as a tailor's...
15. Solomon H. Sonneschein JE (JE | WP GWP G) American rabbi; born at Szent Marton Turocz, Hungary, June 24, 1839. He received his education at Boskowitz, Moravia, where...
16. Baron Sidney Sonnino (JE | WP GWP G) Italian politician; born at Alexandria, Egypt, in 1849. His father was a Jewish emigrant from Leghorn, and his mother an English...
17. Ugo Sorani (JE | WP GWP G) Italian jurist and deputy; born at Pitigliano May 4, 1850. He studied law in his native town and in Mondavi, Leghorn, and...
18. De Sosa (De Sossa, De Sousa) (JE | WP GWP G) Envoy of King John III. of Portugal to the court of Pope Paul III. (1534-50). While he was at Rome the Maranos, seeking relief...
19. Gomez de Sosa (JE | WP GWP G) -- See G349: Gomez de Sosa
20. Martin Alfonso de Sosa (JE | WP GWP G) Portuguese envoy at and governor of Goa, in the middle of the sixteenth century. In Cranganore, sixteen miles from Cochin...

981 – 1000

1. Simon de Sosa (JE | WP GWP G) One of the wealthiest Maranos in Portugal in the middle of the seventeenth century. He was one of the conspirators, led by...
2. Caius Sosius (JE | WP GWP G) Roman general. Although Herod had been made king of Judea by the Romans, he was forced to wrest the country from the Hasmonean...
3. Joseph Judah Löb Sossnitz (JE | WP GWP G) Russian-American Talmudic scholar, mathematician, and scientific author; born at Birzhi, government of Kovno, Sept. 17, 1837...
4. Sotah (JE | WP GWP G) Treatise in the Mishnah, Tosefta, and Babylonian and Palestinian Talmuds, devoted in the main to an exact definition of the...
5. Soul (JE | WP GWP G) the Mosaic account of the creation of man speaks of a spirit or breath with which he was endowed by his Creator (Gen. ii....
6. Transmigration of Souls (JE | WP GWP G) -- See T298: Transmigration of Souls
7. Sousa (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S978: Sosa
8. South Africa (JE | WP GWP G) Jewish concern with South Africa began, indirectly, some time before the discovery of the Cape of Good Hope, by the participation...
9. South Carolina (JE | WP GWP G) One of the thirteen original states of the United States. Most of the events relating to Jews occurring in this state have...
10. South America and Central America (JE | WP GWP G) Certain portions of the American continent which were first colonized by the Spaniards and Portuguese, and which still remain...
11. Johann Peter (Moses Germanus) Spaeth JE (JE | WP GWP G) Convert to Judaism; born at Venice in the first half of the seventeenth century; died at Amsterdam April 27, 1701. On account...
12. Spain >> History of the Jews in Spain JE (JE | WP GWP G) Jews lived in Spain in very early times, although the legend that Solomon's treasurer Adoniram died there, as well as...
13. Spalato (Spalatro) (JE | WP GWP G) Commercial port of Dalmatia, and a city of note since the days of the Roman empire. Its earliest Hebrew inhabitants were immigrants...
14. Meyer Spanier (JE | WP GWP G) German educationist and writer; born at Wunstorf, Hanover, Nov. 1, 1864; studied philosophy and Germanic philology at Heidelberg...
15. Spanish Town (JE | WP GWP G) -- See J144: Jamaica
16. Sparrow (JE | WP GWP G) Rendering given in the English versions (Ps. lxxxiv. 4 [A. V. 3], cii. 8 [A. V. 7]) for the word "Zippor," which denotes...
17. Specific Performance (JE | WP GWP G) Proceeding by which a court compels an obligor to carry out his contract rather than make him pay damages in money for the...
18. Mordecai Spector (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Judæo-German writer; born at Uman, government of Kiev, May 5, 1859. His earlier education was in the Ḥasidic...
19. Johann Peter Speeth (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S991: Spaeth, Johann Peter
20. Isaac Elhanan Spektor JE (JE | WP GWP G) Russian rabbi and author; born at Rosh, government of Grodno, 1817; died at Kovno March 6, 1896. His father, Israel Issar...

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