Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/M1

Directory of articles A1 - A2 - A3 - A4 - A5 - B1 - B2 - B3 - B4 - C1 - C2 - D1 - D2 - E1 - E2 - F - G1 - G2 - H1 - H2 - H3 - I - J1 - J2 - K - L1 - L2 - M1 - M2 - M3 - N - O - P1 - P2 - Q - R - S1 - S2 - S3 - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z

1 to 100

1 – 20

1. Maacah JE (JE | WP GWP G) Small Aramean kingdom east of the Sea of Galilee (I Chron. xix. 6). Its territory was in the region assigned to the half-tribe...
2. Abu al-Ma'ali ibn Hibat Allah (JE | WP GWP G) Egyptian physician; lived at Fusṭaṭ (Cairo) at the end of the twelfth century. He was the physician of Sala&#7717...
3. Ma'amad (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M66: Mahamad
4. Israel ben Samuel ha-Dayyan Ma'arabi (Al-maghrebi) (JE | WP GWP G) Karaite scholar; lived at Cairo in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries; teacher of the Karaite physician and writer Japhet...
5. Nahum Ma'arabi (JE | WP GWP G) Moroccan Hebrew poet and translator of the thirteenth century ("Ma'arabi," "Maghrabi" = "the western" or "the Moroccan")...
6. Ma'arib (JE | WP GWP G) the evening prayer, from the first benediction in which the name is taken, the Talmudic term being "Tefillat 'Arbit";...
7. Joseph ben Jacob Maarssen (JE | WP GWP G) Dutch scholar and publisher; member of a family of printers; lived at Amsterdam in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries...
8. Joseph Maas (JE | WP GWP G) English musician and singer; born at Dartford, Kent, Jan. 30, 1847; died at London Jan. 16, 1886. Maas acted as chorister...
9. Myrtil Maas (JE | WP GWP G) French mathematician; born in France in 1792; died in Paris Feb. 27, 1865. He early showed an aptitude for mathematics, and...
10. Ma'aseh Bereshit; Ma'aseh Merkabah JE (JE | WP GWP G) Talmudic terms for the esoteric doctrine of the universe, or for parts of it (comp. Cabala). Ma'aseh Bereshit, following...
11. Ma'aseh Books (JE | WP GWP G) Books written in Judæo-German in Hebrew script, and containing stories, legends, and tales ("ma'asim") on various...
12. Ma'aser (JE | WP GWP G) -- See T227: Tithe
13. Ma'aserot (JE | WP GWP G) Seventh masseket of the Mishnah, Tosefta, and Palestinian Gemara, in the Talmudic order of Zera'im. It deals with the...
14. Ma'asiyyot (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A1511: Anecdotes
15. The Maccabaean (JE | WP GWP G) Monthly magazine of Jewish life and literature published in New York; established Oct., 1901, as the outcome of a resolution...
16. The Maccabaeans (JE | WP GWP G) Association of English Jewish professional men and others; founded in 1892; its aim is social intercourse and cooperation...
17. The Maccabees EL:JE (JE | WP GWP G) Name given to the Hasmonean family. Originally the designation "Maccabeus" (Jerome, "Machabæus") was applied solely to...
18. Books of Maccabees (JE | WP GWP G) There are four books which pass under this name—I, II, III, and IV Maccabees. The first of these is the only one of...
19. Macedonia (JE | WP GWP G) Country of southeastern Europe; now a part of the Turkish empire. It is the native country of Alexander the Great, who is...
20. Machado (JE | WP GWP G) Name of a family of Maranos which appears to have emigrated to America from Lisbon. The name is met with in Mexico and the...

21 – 40

1. Machaerus (JE | WP GWP G) Mountain fortress in Peræa, on the boundary between Palestine and Arabia. Alexander Jannæus first built a fortification...
2. Masahod Cohen Machim (JE | WP GWP G) Moorish envoy to England, in 1813, from Mulai Sulaiman, Emperor of Morocco (1794-1822), in whose reign Christian slavery was...
3. Machir (JE | WP GWP G) the first-born son of Manasseh (Josh. xvii. 1; I Chron. vii. 14); founder of the most important or dominant branch of the...
4. Machir (JE | WP GWP G) A Babylonian scholar who settled in Narbonne, France, at the end of the eighth century and whose descendants were for many...
5. Machir ben Abba Mari JE (JE | WP GWP G) Author of a work entitled "Yalchuṭ ha-Makiri," but about whom not even the country or the period in which he lived...
6. Machir ben Judah JE (JE | WP GWP G) French scholar of the tenth and eleventh centuries; born at Metz; brother of Gershom Me'or ha-Golah. He is known by his...
7. Adolf Machlup (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian merchant and philanthropist; born at Eisenstadt in 1833; died at Budapest Jan. 1, 1895. He studied at Budapest,...
8. Machorro (JE | WP GWP G) Name of a family of Sephardim that flourished in Brazil, Germany, Holland, Hungary, and Italy. Thirteen persons bearing the...
9. Machpelah (JE | WP GWP G) Name of a field and cave bought by Abraham as a burying-place. The meaning of the name, which always occurs with the definite...
10. Macrocosm (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M579: Microcosm and Macrocosm
11. Madai (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M323: Media
12. Madrid (JE | WP GWP G) Capital of Spain. Jews lived there as early as the twelfth century. By the old municipal law ("Fuero de Madrid") they were...
13. Maftir (JE | WP GWP G) the reader of the concluding portion of the Pentateuchal section on Sabbaths and holy days in the synagogue. On regular Sabbaths...
14. Magazin Für Die Wissenschaft Des Judenthums (JE | WP GWP G) Journal founded by Dr. Abraham Berliner Jan. 1, 1874. It appeared first as a bimonthly, in quarto form, under the title "Magazin...
15. Magdala (JE | WP GWP G) Town in Palestine in the province of Galilee; probably the birthplace of Mary Magdalene. There is a Talmudic sentence which...
16. Magdeburg (JE | WP GWP G) Capital of the Prussian province of Saxony; situated on the Elbe. It has a population of 229,633, of whom about 2,000 are...
17. Magdeburg Law (Magdeburg Rights) (JE | WP GWP G) General name for a system of privileges "securing the administrative independence of municipalities," which was adopted in...
18. Magen Dawid (JE | WP GWP G) the hexagram formed by the combination of two equilateral triangles; used as the symbol of Judaism. It is placed upon synagogues...
19. Maggid JE (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C1: Cabala
20. Maggid JE (JE | WP GWP G) Itinerant preacher, skilled as a narrator of stories. A preacher of the more scholarly sort was called "darshan" and usually...

41 – 60

1. Hillel Noah Maggid (Steinschneider) JE (JE | WP GWP G) Russian genealogist and historian; a descendant of the family of Saul Wahl; born at Wilna 1829; died there Oct. 29, 1903....
2. Maggid Mishneh (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
3. Al-Maghariyyah (JE | WP GWP G) Arabic name of a Jewish sect, meaning "Men of the Caves." According to the account given by Joseph al-Kirkisani...
4. Magi (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B52: Babylonia
5. Magic (JE | WP GWP G) the pretended art of producing preternatural effects; one of the two principal divisions of occultism, the other being Divination...
6. Meïr Di Gabriele Magino (JE | WP GWP G) French silk-manufacturer; lived at Venice. In 1587 he went to Rome to promote the manufacture of silk, which had been begun...
7. Magister Judaeorum (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B1100: Bishop of the Jews
8. Magistrate (JE | WP GWP G) -- See J688: Judge
9. Elijah Magistratus (JE | WP GWP G) -- See E282: Elijah ben Samuel ben Parnes of Stephanow
10. Magnesia (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M145: Manissa
11. Magnet (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
12. Eduard Magnus (JE | WP GWP G) German painter; born at Berlin Jan. 7, 1799; died there Aug. 8, 1872. After studying successively medicine, architecture,...
13. Heinrich Gustav Magnus JE (JE | WP GWP G) German chemist and physicist; born in Berlin May 2, 1802; died there April 4, 1870. He was graduated from the University of...
14. Lady Katie Magnus (JE | WP GWP G) English authoress and communal worker; born at Portsmouth May 2, 1844; daughter of E. Emanuel; wife of Sir Philip Magnus....
15. Laurie Magnus (JE | WP GWP G) English author and publisher; son of Sir Philip Magnus; born in London in 1872; educated at Magdalen College, Oxford. He was...
16. Ludwig Immanuel Magnus JE (JE | WP GWP G) German mathematician; born in Berlin March 15, 1790; died there Sept. 25, 1861; cousin of Heinrich Gustav Magnus. His father...
17. Markus Magnus (JE | WP GWP G) Elder of the Jewish congregation of Berlin in the first quarter of the eighteenth century; court Jew to the crown prince,...
18. Paul Wilhelm Magnus (JE | WP GWP G) German botanist; born at Berlin Feb. 29, 1844; educated at the Werdergymnasium and the university of his native city and at...
19. Sir Philip Magnus DAB (JE | WP GWP G) English educationist; born in London Oct. 7, 1842; educated at University College in that city, and at the University of London...
20. Magog (JE | WP GWP G) -- See G292: Gog and Magog

61 – 80

1. Magrephah (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M1021: Music
2. Magyar Izraelita (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
3. Magyar Zsidó Szemle (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian Jewish monthly review; established in 1884 by Josef Simon, secretary of the Jewish chancery, Wilhelm Bacher, and...
4. Magyar Zsinagoga (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
5. Mah Nishtannah (JE | WP GWP G) the opening words of the child's questions to the father in the Passover Haggadah; the whole of the domestic service of...
6. Mahamad (JE | WP GWP G) the board of directors of a Spanish-Portuguese congregation. The word is of Neo-Hebrew origin, and in the Talmud is applied...
7. Mahanaim JE (JE | WP GWP G) City on the east of the Jordan, near the River Jabbok; first mentioned as the place where Jacob, returning from Aram to southern...
8. Maher-shalal-hash-baz (JE | WP GWP G) Symbolic name of the son of Isaiah indicating the sudden attack on Damascus and Syria by the King of Assyria (Isa. viii. 3-4)...
9. Arthur Mahler (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian archeologist; born in Prague Aug. 1, 1871. After completing his studies at the gymnasium in Prague, he studied the...
10. Eduard Mahler (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian astronomer; born in Cziffer, Hungary, 1857. He was graduated from the Vienna public school in 1876, and then studied...
11. Gustav Mahler (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian composer; born at Kalischt, Bohemia, July 7, 1860; studied at the gymnasiums at Iglau and Prague, and entered the...
12. Mahomet (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M699: Mohammed
13. Mahoza (JE | WP GWP G) Babylonian city on the Tigris, three parasangs south of Ctesiphon. Near it was the citadel of Koke (, Χώχ&#951...
14. Mährish-Ostrau (JE | WP GWP G) Town in Moravia, Austria. The congregation of Mährish-Ostrau is one of the youngest in Moravia, for Jews were not allowed...
15. Mahzor (JE | WP GWP G) Term applied to the compilation of prayers and piyyuṭim; originally it designated the astronomical or yearly cycle....
16. Johann Heinrich Mai (JE | WP GWP G) German Protestant theologian; born in Pforzheim Feb., 1653; died in Giessen Sept., 1719. In 1689 he became professor in the...
17. Joseph ben Michael Mai (JE | WP GWP G) German printer; born at Dyhernfurth Dec. 29, 1764; died at Breslau Dec. 1, 1810. His father had a printing establishment at...
18. Joseph Von Maier (JE | WP GWP G) German rabbi; born in 1797; died at Stuttgart Aug. 19, 1873. He was president of the first rabbinical conference held at Brunswick...
19. Maiming (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M300: Mayhem
20. Maimon (Maimun) ben Joseph (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish exegete and moralist; born about 1110; father of Moses Maimonides. He studied under Joseph ibn Migash at Lucena, and...

81 – 100

1. Moisei Leibovich Maimon (JE | WP GWP G) Maimon attained also considerable success in caricature. In 1900 he published two albums, one containing ten portraits of...
2. Solomon ben Joshua Maimon (JE | WP GWP G) Philosophical writer; born at Nieszwicz, Lithuania, in 1754; died at Niedersiegersdorf, Silesia, Nov. 22, 1800. Endowed with...
3. Maimonides, Maimuni (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M905: Moses ben Maimon
4. Maimonists (JE | WP GWP G) -- See F288: France
5. Maintenance (JE | WP GWP G) -- See H986: Husband and Wife
6. Mainz (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M292: Mayence
7. Karl Maison (JE | WP GWP G) Bavarian merchant, manufacturer and deputy; born in Oberdorf, Württemberg, Sept. 18, 1840; died in Munich Sept. 29, 1896...
8. Julius Major (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian composer of music; born Dec. 13, 1859, at Kaschau on the Hernad, chief town of Aber Uj Var district, Hungary. He...
9. Solomon ibn Major (JE | WP GWP G) Turkish rabbi; flourished toward the end of the sixteenth century at Salonica, where he was head of the yeshibah. Many distinguished...
10. Majorca (JE | WP GWP G) See Balearic Islands.
11. Majority (JE | WP GWP G) More than half of a given number or group; the greater part: applied to opinions. In their endeavor to find a Biblical basis...
12. Emil Makai (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian poet; born at Mako Nov. 17, 1871; died at Budapest Aug. 6, 1901; son of Rabbi A. E. Fischer. He was educated at...
13. Makkedah (JE | WP GWP G) City situated, according to the Priestly description of tribal boundaries and groups of cities contained in the Book of Joshua...
14. Makkot (JE | WP GWP G) Treatise of the Mishnah, Tosefta, and Gemara (Palestinian and Babylonian). It is fifth in the order of Nezikin ("Damages")...
15. Mako JE (JE | WP GWP G) Town in Hungary, in the county of Csanad. It has a total population of 33,722, of which 1,642 are Jews (1900). Jews began...
16. Hermann Makower (JE | WP GWP G) German jurist; born at Santomischel, Posen, March 8, 1830; died at Berlin April 1, 1898. His father, recognizing the inadequate...
17. Makre Dardeke (JE | WP GWP G) Name given in the Middle Ages to Hebrew glossaries primarily intended for the use of students of the Bible; its literal meaning...
18. Samuel ben Phinehas ha-Kohen Makshan (JE | WP GWP G) Bohemian Talmudist of the sixteenth century; born in Prague. He wrote: "Techillat Dibre Shemuel," commentary on the Targum...
19. Makshirin (JE | WP GWP G) Name of the eighth tractate, in the Mishnah and Tosefta, of the sixth Talmudic order Tohorot ("Purifications"). This...
20. Malabar (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C558: Cochin

101 to 200

101 – 120

1. Hayyim Malach (JE | WP GWP G) -- See H416: Ḥayyim Mal'ak
2. Book of Malachi >> Malachi JE (JE | WP GWP G) the Book of Malachi is the last in the canon of the Old Testament Prophets. It has three chapters in the Masoretic text, while...
3. Abraham Malachi (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A511: Abraham Malaki
4. Malachi b. Jacob ha-Kohen JE (JE | WP GWP G) Prominent Talmudist and methodologist of the eighteenth century; the last of the great rabbinical authorities of Italy; died...
5. Malaga (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish Mediterranean seaport; capital of the province of Malaga; said to have been founded by the Phenicians. Malaga was...
6. Meïr Löb ben Jehiel Michael Malbim JE (JE | WP GWP G) Russian rabbi, preacher, and Hebraist; born at Volochisk, Volhynia, in 1809; died at Kiev Sept. 18, 1879. The name "Malbim"...
7. Malcha (JE | WP GWP G) Russian town, in the government of Grodno. A Jewish community existed in Malcha in 1583, when, in consequence of rumors current...
8. Malchin (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M319: Mecklenburg
9. Malchus (Cleodemus the Prophet) (JE | WP GWP G) Hellenistic writer of the second century B.C. His Semitic name, "Malchus," a very common one in Phenicia and Syria but not...
10. Meïr de Malea (Maleha; Melea) (JE | WP GWP G) "Almoxarif mayor"; chief farmer of taxes of King Ferdinand III. (the Holy) of Castile, whose favor he gained through his honesty...
11. Moses Bapujee Malekar (JE | WP GWP G) Beni-Israel soldier; born at Bombay about 1830. He enlisted in the 12th Regiment Native Infantry April 12, 1851; was made...
12. Malice (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I161: Intention
13. Joseph Malinovski (JE | WP GWP G) -- See J503: Troki, Joseph b. Mordecai
14. Malka ben Aha (JE | WP GWP G) Gaon of Pumbedita from 771 to 773. The only fact known concerning him is that, with Ḥaninai Kahana ben Huna (765-775)...
15. Ezra ben Raphael Malki JE (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi of Rhodes in the seventeenth century; brother-in-law of Hezekiah de Silva, the author of "Peri Ḥadash." Malki...
16. Raphael Mordecai Malki (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbinical scholar and physician of Palestine; lived at Safed about 1627. He was versed in astronomy and philosophy, and was...
17. Malkut Schlagen (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S1135: Stripes
18. Henry Malter JE (JE | WP GWP G) American rabbi and scholar; born at Zabno, Galicia, March 23, 1867; educated at the Zabno elementary school, and at the universities...
19. Giacomo Malvano (JE | WP GWP G) Italian diplomat; born at Turin Dec. 14, 1841. In 1862 he entered the diplomatic service, and by 1887 had become envoy extraordinary...
20. Mamon (Mammon) (JE | WP GWP G) Mishnaic Hebrew and Aramaic for "riches." the word itself is given in the Sermon on the Mount. "Ye can not serve God and mammon"...

121 – 140

1. Mamran (JE | WP GWP G) A check; an expression used by Polish Jews from the end of the sixteenth to the beginningof the nineteenth century. The word...
2. Mamzer (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B414: Bastard
3. Son of Man (JE | WP GWP G) Individual of the species man; synonym of "man." While "ben enosh" occurs only in Ps. cxliv. 3, the term "ben adam" is found...
4. Manasseh (JE | WP GWP G) the elder of two sons born before the famine to Joseph and Osnath, daughter of the priest of Heliopolis (Gen. xli. 50-51,...
5. Prayer of Manasseh (JE | WP GWP G) Greek poetic composition attributed to Manasseh, son of Hezekiah, King of Judah, "when he was holden captive in Babylon" (II...
6. Manasseh ben Israel (JE | WP GWP G) Dutch polyhistor; born at La Rochelle about 1604 (see Bethen-court in "Jew. Chron." May 20, 1904); died at Middleburg, Netherlands...
7. Jacob Manasseh (JE | WP GWP G) Turkish rabbinical writer and chief rabbi of Salonica, where he died in 1832. Among his works may be mentioned: "Ohel Ya&#39...
8. Manasseh ben Joseph of Ilye (JE | WP GWP G) Russian rabbinical writer and philosopher; born at Smorgony, government of Wilna, 1767; died at Ilye, in the same government...
9. Manchester (JE | WP GWP G) City in Lancashire, England, and one of the chief British manufacturing centers. It has a population of 543,969, of whom about...
10. Mandaeans (JE | WP GWP G) Eastern religious sect that professes and practises an admixture of Christian, Jewish, and heathen doctrines and customs....
11. Paul Mandel (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian jurist and deputy; born at Nyirbator Jan. 6, 1839. He studied law in Budapest and Vienna, and in 1875 was elected...
12. Solomon b. Simhah Dob Mandelkern JE (JE | WP GWP G) Russian poet and author; born in Mlynov, Volhynia, 1846; died in Vienna March 24, 1902. He was educated as a Talmudist. After...
13. David Mandelli (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian linguist; born about 1780 at Presburg; died at Paris Dec. 22, 1836. He was one of the greatest linguists of his...
14. Benjamin b. Joseph Mandelstamm (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Hebraist and author; born in Zhagory about the end of the eighteenth century; died in Simferopol May 8, 1886. He was...
15. Leon (Aryeh Löb) b. Joseph Mandelstamm (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Hebraist, poet, and educator; born in Zhagory, government of Kovno, in 1809; died in St. Petersburg Sept. 12, 1889...
16. Max (Emanuel) Mandelstamm (JE | WP GWP G) Russian physician and Zionist; born in Zhagory, government of Kovno, in 1838. His father, Ezekiel Mandelstamm, younger brother...
17. Christof Mandl (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian author; converted to Christianity in 1534. His godfather was George, Margrave of Brandenburg, to whom Mandl dedicated...
18. Ludwig Lazar Mandl (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian anatomist and pathologist; born at Budapest Dec., 1812; died in Paris July 5, 1881; educated at Vienna and Budapest...
19. Moritz Mandl (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian dramatist and journalist; born in Presburg May 13, 1840. He went to Vienna and there joined the editorial staff of...
20. Mane (JE | WP GWP G) -- See W81: Weights and Measures

141 – 160

1. Manessier de Vesoul (JE | WP GWP G) French communal leader; originally from Vesoul and probably of the family of Héliot of Vesoul, whose ledger has been...
2. Manetho (JE | WP GWP G) Greco-Egyptian writer whose history of Egypt, forming a source of Josephus, especially in his book "Contra Apionem" (i. 14...
3. Giannozzo Manetti (JE | WP GWP G) Italian statesman and Christian Hebraist; born in Florence 1396; died at Naples Oct. 26, 1459. At the suggestion of Pope Nicholas...
4. Elijah Mani (JE | WP GWP G) Turkish rabbi; died in Hebron, Palestine, in the summer of 1899. He was a native of Bagdad, where he was held in great esteem...
5. Manissa (JE | WP GWP G) Town in the Turkish vilayet of Aidin, twenty-eight miles northeast of Smyrna. It has a population of 40,000, of whom 1,800...
6. Louis Mann (JE | WP GWP G) American actor; born in New York city 1865; son of Daniel and Caroline Mann. He began his career as an actor when but six...
7. Manna (JE | WP GWP G) the miraculously supplied food on which the Israelites subsisted in the wilderness. Its name is said to have originated in...
8. Mordecai Zebi Manne (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Hebrew poet and painter; born at Rodzkowitz, government of Wilna, 1859; died there in 1886. He received the Talmudic...
9. Mannheim (JE | WP GWP G) Town in the grand duchy of Baden, Germany. It has a population of 141, 131, including 5,478 Jews (1900). Jews are not known...
10. Gustav Mannheimer (Magyar) (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian painter; born at Budapest Feb. 27, 1854. He studied at the schools of drawing in Budapest, Munich, Vienna, and Rome...
11. Isaac Noah Mannheimer JE (JE | WP GWP G) Jewish preacher; born at Copenhagen Oct. 17, 1793; died at Vienna March 17, 1865. The son of a Chazzan, he began the...
12. Louise Mannheimer (Herschman) (JE | WP GWP G) Writer and poetess; born at Prague Sept. 3, 1845. In 1866 she went with her parents to New York, where she became the wife...
13. Sigmund Mannheimer (JE | WP GWP G) American educator; born at Kemel, Hesse-Nassau, May 16, 1835. Educated at the teachers' seminary at Ems, Nassau, he became...
14. Manoah b. Jacob (JE | WP GWP G) French Talmudist; lived at Lunel in the second half of the thirteenth century. He is sometimes quoted under the abbreviation...
15. Manoah of Lunel (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M154: Manoah b. Jacob
16. Manoah b. Shemariah Handel (JE | WP GWP G) Polish author; born at Brzeszticzka (), Volhynia; died in 1612. He was the author of the following works: "Ḥokmat Manoa&#7717...
17. Manresa JE (JE | WP GWP G) Town in Spain, in the province of Barcelona. In the twelfth century it is said to have contained 500 Jewish families, most...
18. Mansion House and Guildhall Meetings (JE | WP GWP G) Meetings held at the summons of the lord mayor of London by citizens of the English metropolis to protest against the persecution...
19. Manshur Marzuk (JE | WP GWP G) Egyptian rabbi and author; settled at Salonica toward the close of the eighteenth century. He was the author of several works:...
20. Jacob ben Samuel Mantino JE (JE | WP GWP G) Italian physician; died at Damascus in 1549. His parents—and perhaps Mantino himself—were natives of Tortosa,...

161 – 180

1. Mantle of the Law (JE | WP GWP G) the cover of the scroll of the Pentateuch. The Hebrew name "mappah" is derived from the Greek μάππ&#945...
2. Mantua (JE | WP GWP G) Fortified Italian city, on the Mincio; capital of the duchy of Mantua. It has a population of 29,160, including 1,100 Jews...
3. Eugène Manuel (JE | WP GWP G) French educator and poet; born at Paris July 13, 1823; died there June 1, 1901. A grandson on his mother's side of the...
4. Manuscripts (JE | WP GWP G) the first materials used for writing were such substances as stone, wood, and metal, upon which the characters were engraved...
5. Ma'oz Zur JE (JE | WP GWP G) Commencement of the hymn originally sung only in the domestic circle, but now used also in the synagogue, after the kindling...
6. Abraham Mapu (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Hebrew novelist; born near Kovno Jan. 10, 1808; died at Königsberg Oct. 9, 1867. Mapu introduced the novel into...
7. Mar (JE | WP GWP G) Aramaic noun meaning "lord." Daniel addresses the king as "Mari" (= "my lord"; Dan. iv. 16 [A. V. 19]; comp. Hebr. "Adoni...
8. Marah (JE | WP GWP G) the name of a station or halting-place of the Israelites in the wilderness (Ex. xv. 23; Num. xxxiii. 8), so called in reference...
9. Marano (JE | WP GWP G) Crypto-Jews of the Iberian Peninsula. The term, which is frequently derived from the New Testament phrase "maran atha" ("our...
10. Marbe Haskalah (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S877: Society for the Promotion of Culture Among the Jews of Russia
11. Marble (JE | WP GWP G) A stone composed mainly of calcium carbonate or of calcium and magnesium carbonates. It is mentioned in the Old Testament...
12. Marburg (JE | WP GWP G) Town in the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau. Jews are first mentioned as living in Marburg in a document dated May 13, 1317...
13. Charles Chretien Henri Marc (JE | WP GWP G) French physician; born in Amsterdam Nov. 4, 1771, died in Paris Jan. 12, 1841. He took the degree of M.D. at Erlangen in 1792...
14. Joseph Marc-Mossé (JE | WP GWP G) French poet and author; born in Carpentras about 1780; died in Paris Feb. 21, 1825. His name appears to have been originally...
15. Benedetto Marcello (JE | WP GWP G) Italian musician; born at Venice 1686; died there 1739. He is particularly celebrated for his settings to the Psalms, fifty...
16. Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A1617: Antoninus
17. Brentgen Marcus (JE | WP GWP G) First Jewish court singer in Germany; flourished toward the end of the seventeenth century. She lived with her father, Isaac...
18. Lewi (Lewin) Marcus (JE | WP GWP G) German lawyer; born Oct. 15, 1809, at Rhena, Mecklenburg; died Oct. 7, 1881, at Manchester, England. On account of his indefatigable...
19. Louis Marcus (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M209: Markus, Ludwig
20. Adolf Marcuse (JE | WP GWP G) German astronomer; born Nov. 17, 1860, in Magdeburg; educated at the universities of Strasburg and Berlin (Ph.D. 1884). Before...

181 – 200

1. Heinrich Marczali (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian historian; born at Marczali April 3, 1856; educated at Raab, Papa, Budapest, Berlin, and Paris. In 1878 he became...
2. Max Maretzek (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian impresario; born at Brünn, Moravia, June 28, 1821; died at Pleasant Plains, New York, May 14, 1897. He was a...
3. Margaliot, Margalioth (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M186: Margolioth
4. Aaron Margalita (JE | WP GWP G) Polish convert to Christianity; born 1663 at Zolkiev. He was a learned rabbi, and traveled as a maggid in Poland and Germany...
5. Antonius Margarita JE (JE | WP GWP G) Convert to Christianity in the first half of the sixteenth century; born about 1500 at Ratisbon (Regensburg), where his father...
6. Margolioth >> Ephraim Zalman Margolis JE, Hayyim Mordecai Margolioth JE (JE | WP GWP G) Polish family of Talmudic scholars that traces its descent from Rashi, on the one side, and from the families of Shor and...
7. Isaac ben Eliah Margolis (JE | WP GWP G) Russo-Polish rabbi and author; born in Kalvariya, government of Suwalki, Russian Poland, 1842; died in New York Aug. 1, 1887...
8. Max Leopold Margolis JE (JE | WP GWP G) American philologist; born at Meretz, government of Wilna, Russia, Oct. 15, 1866; son of Isaac Margolis; educated at the elementary...
9. Margoliut, Margulies, Margulioth (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M186: Margolioth
10. Moses Margoliuth (JE | WP GWP G) Convert to Christianity; born in Suwalki, Poland, Dec. 3, 1820; died in London Feb. 25, 1881. He went to Liverpool, England...
11. Samuel Hirsch Margulies (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi; born at Brzezan, Galicia, Oct. 9, 1858; a descendant of Rabbi Ephraim Zalman Margolioth; educated at the theological...
12. Marhab ibn al-Harith (JE | WP GWP G) Jewish Arabian warrior and poet; killed during Mohammed'sinvasion of Khaibar about 628. Marchab, who was of Himyarite...
13. Marheshwan (JE | WP GWP G) -- See H675: Ḥeshwan
14. Mari ben Dimi (JE | WP GWP G) Second gaon of Pumbedita. When the Jewish scholars were compelled to leave the Babylonian academies, Mari, with others, went...
15. Maria Theresa (JE | WP GWP G) See Austria.
16. Mariamne >> Mariamne (second wife of Herod) JE (JE | WP GWP G) Wife of Herod the Great; the first of this name. She was the daughter of the Hasmonean Alexander, a son of Aristobulus II...
17. Mariampol (JE | WP GWP G) Town situated in the government of Suwalki, Russian Poland. The Jewish community there, like the town itself, is of comparatively...
18. Solomon Marik (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish surgeon, of whose life no details are known. He wrote in Spanish in Hebrew script a work entitled "Libro de la Cirogia...
19. Solomon b. Isaac Marini (JE | WP GWP G) Italian rabbi of the seventeenth century; died in 1670. He was the only rabbi at Padua who survived the plague of 1631, which...
20. Adolph Marix JE (JE | WP GWP G) American naval commander; born Apr. 24, 1848, in Saxony. He went to America while still a boy, and in 1864 entered the United...

201 to 300

201 – 220

1. Mark (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S416: Seal
2. Mark (JE | WP GWP G) -- See N245: New Testament
3. Isaac Markens JE (JE | WP GWP G) American writer; born in New York city Oct. 9, 1846; son of Elias Markens, a linguist and Orientalist. Isaac Markens was educated...
4. B S Marks (JE | WP GWP G) English artist; born in 1827 at Cardiff, where he received his art education and followed the profession of portrait-painter...
5. David Woolf Marks (JE | WP GWP G) the "father" of Anglo-Jewish Reform; born in London Nov. 22, 1811; educated at the Jews' Free School, London. He acted...
6. Henry Hananel Marks (JE | WP GWP G) English journalist and politician; born April 5, 1855, in London; fifth son of the Rev. Prof. D. W. Marks; educated at University...
7. Marcus M. Marks (JE | WP GWP G) American merchant; born at Schenectady, N. Y., March 18, 1858. In 1877 he started a business at Passaic, N. J., and later...
8. Samuel Marks (JE | WP GWP G) South-African pioneer; born in Sheffield about 1850. He went to Cape Colony about 1868 and commenced trading in the country...
9. Ludwig Markus (JE | WP GWP G) German Orientalist; born in Dessau Oct. 31, 1798; died in Paris July 15, 1843. He attended the Franzschule and the ducal gymnasium...
10. Samuel Raphael ben Matzliah Marli (JE | WP GWP G) Italian Talmudist and liturgist of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. According to S. D. Luzzatto, the name "Marli"...
11. Alexander Marmorek (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian physician; born at Mielnica, Galicia, Feb. 19, 1865; educated at a gymnasium and at the University of Vienna (M.D...
12. Oskar Marmorek (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian architect; brother of Alexander Marmorek; born at Skirta, Galicia, April 9, 1863. He studied at the polytechnic high...
13. Marriage (JE | WP GWP G) the earliest Hebrew literature represents a comparatively high development of social and domestic life. Of primitive conditions...
14. Marriage-broker (JE | WP GWP G) See Shadkan.
15. Marriage Ceremonies (JE | WP GWP G) Association of the sexes was much restricted among the Jews, and the Betrothal was generally brought about by a third person...
16. Marriage Laws (JE | WP GWP G) the first positive commandment of the Bible, according to rabbinic interpretation (Maimonides, "Minyan ha-Mizwot," 212)...
17. Marriage Settlement (JE | WP GWP G) -- See K187: Ketubah
18. Married Woman (JE | WP GWP G) -- See W265: Woman
19. Marseilles (JE | WP GWP G) Seaport of southern France with about 5,000 Jews in a population (1896) of 420,300. It had a Jewish colony as early as the...
20. Louis Marshall (JE | WP GWP G) American lawyer and communal worker; born at Syracuse, N. Y., Dec. 14, 1856; educated at the Syracuse high school and at the...

221 – 240

1. Raymund Martin JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish Christian theologian; born in the first half of the thirteenth century at Subirats in Catalonia; died after 1284....
2. Adam Martinet (JE | WP GWP G) German Catholic Orientalist; born in Höchstädt, near Bamberg, in Jan., 1800; date of death uncertain. Martinet,...
3. Ferrand Martinez (JE | WP GWP G) Archdeacon of Ecija in the fourteenth century, and one of the most inveterate enemies of the Jewish people; lived at Seville...
4. Martini Geese (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B300: Barnacle-Goose
5. Martinique (JE | WP GWP G) Island in the West Indies, now constituting a French colony. In the beginning of the seventeenth century a number of Dutch...
6. Restriction of Martyrdom (JE | WP GWP G) True to the principle current in rabbinical literature—"live through them [the laws], but do not die through them" (Yoma...
7. Martyrology (JE | WP GWP G) Biography of martyrs. Early in its existence the Christian Church began to register the judicial proceedings against its martyrs...
8. The Ten Martyrs (JE | WP GWP G) Among the numerous victims of the persecutions of Hadrian, tradition names ten great teachers who suffered martyrdom for having...
9. Adolf Bernhard Marx (JE | WP GWP G) German musical writer; born at Halle May 15, 1799; died at Berlin May 17, 1866. He had studied music for some time with D...
10. Berthe Marx (JE | WP GWP G) French pianist; born at Paris July 28, 1859. She began to study the pianoforte at the age of four, receiving her first instruction...
11. David Marx (JE | WP GWP G) Chief rabbi of Bordeaux, France; born at Landau, Bavaria, in 1807; died Feb., 1864. On his graduation from the Ecole Centrale...
12. Jacob Marx (JE | WP GWP G) German physician; born in Bonn 1743; died in Hanover Jan. 24, 1789; studied medicine in Halle (M. D. 1765). He traveled for...
13. Karl Marx (JE | WP GWP G) German socialistic leader and political economist; born at Treves May 5, 1818; died in London March 14, 1883. His father,...
14. Roger Marx (JE | WP GWP G) French art critic; born in Nancy Aug 28, 1859. In 1878 he went to Paris, where he wrote for various theater and art journals...
15. Samuel Marx (JE | WP GWP G) Chief rabbi of Bayonne, France; born in 1817 at Dürkheim, Bavaria; died in 1887; cousin of David Marx. On completing...
16. Maryland (JE | WP GWP G) One of the thirteen original States of the American Union. The history of the Jews in Maryland may be divided into three periods:...
17. Märzroth (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian author; born in Vienna March 21, 1818; died at Salzburg in 1888. After leaving the University of Vienna in 1844 he...
18. Masada (JE | WP GWP G) Strong mountain fortress in Palestine, not far west of the Dead Sea. The fortress was built by the high priest Jonathan (a...
19. Masarjawaih JE (JE | WP GWP G) One of the oldest Arabic Jewish physicians, and the oldest translator from the Syriac; lived in Bassora about 883. His name...
20. Mashal (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P63: Parable

241 – 260

1. Hasun ben Mashiah JE (JE | WP GWP G) Karaite scholar; flourished in Egypt (or Babylonia) in the first half of the tenth century. According to Steinschneider, "&#7716...
2. Maskil (JE | WP GWP G) A title of honor used principally in Italy. The word "maskil," with the meaning of "scholar" or "enlightened man," was used...
3. Abraham b. Judah Löb Maskileison JE (JE | WP GWP G) Russian rabbi and author; born 1788; died at Minsk 1848. He was a descendant of R. Israel Jaffe of Shklov, author of "Or Yisrael...
4. Naphtali Maskileison (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Hebrew author and book-dealer; born at Radashkovichi, near Minsk, Feb. 20, 1829; died at Minsk Nov. 19, 1897. His...
5. Zebi Hirsch b. Hayyim Masliansky (JE | WP GWP G) Russian preacher; born in Slutsk, government of Minsk, June 6, 1856. He received a thorough rabbinical education, spending...
6. Masorah (JE | WP GWP G) the system of critical notes on the external form of the Biblical text. This system of notes represents the literary labors...
7. Massachusetts (JE | WP GWP G) A northeastern state in the American Union. The earliest record of a Jew in Massachusetts bears the date of May 3, 1649, and...
8. Massarani (Massaran) (JE | WP GWP G) Name of an Italian family which has been known since the latter part of the fifteenth century. Originally the name of the...
9. Tullo Massarani (JE | WP GWP G) Italian senator, author, and painter; born at Mantua in 1826. He studied law at Pavia and took an active part in the Italian...
10. Masseket (JE | WP GWP G) Any collection of rabbinic texts affecting any more or less complex subject. Literally the term means "a web" (from = "to...
11. Joseph Massel (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Jewish Hebraist; born at Ujasin, government of Wilna, 1850. He emigrated to England in the nineties and settled at...
12. Master and Servant (JE | WP GWP G) the Pentateuch lays down the rule, in favor of the workman, that "the wages of him that is hired shall not abide with thee...
13. Moses ben Abraham Mat (JE | WP GWP G) Galician rabbi; born at Przemysl about 1550; died at Opatow 1606. After having studied Talmud and rabbinics under his uncle...
14. Matah Mehasya (Mahseya) (JE | WP GWP G) Town in southern Babylonia, near Sura (see Schechter,"Saadyana," p. 63, note 1). Sherira Gaon regarded the two places as identical...
15. Jacob ben Solomon Matalon (JE | WP GWP G) Turkish rabbinical scholar; lived at Salonica in the sixteenth century. According to de Rossi ("Dizionario," i. 135) the name...
16. Mordecai Matalon (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi of Salonica in the sixteenth century; uncle of Jacob b. Solomon Matalon. Besides being a prominent Talmudist, Matalon...
17. Matatron (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M517: Meṭaṭron
18. Mater Synagogue (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P103: Pater Synagogue
19. Mathematics (JE | WP GWP G) the science that treats of the measurement of quantities and the ascertainment of their properties and relations. The necessity...
20. Mathias of Cracow (JE | WP GWP G) See Calahora.

261 – 280

1. Matriarchy (JE | WP GWP G) A system of society in which descent and property are traced solely through females. It has been suggested that the prominence...
2. Mattaniah (JE | WP GWP G) -- See Z73: Zedekiah
3. Mattathias Maccabeus (JE | WP GWP G) the originator of the Maccabean rebellion. His genealogy is given as follows in the First Book of Maccabees, the most authentic...
4. Mattathias b. Simon (JE | WP GWP G) Son of the Hasmonean prince Simon, whom he accompanied on his last journey, together with his brother Judah and his mother...
5. Joab ben Jeremiah Mattersdorf (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian rabbi; died about 1807. Through the influence of Aaron Chorin, a disciple of his father, he became rabbi of Deutschkreuz...
6. Adam Rudolf Georg Matthäi (Simeon) (JE | WP GWP G) German convert to Christianity; born at Fürth 1715; died at Nuremberg 1779. After having studied Talmud at Prague under...
7. Matthew (JE | WP GWP G) -- See N245: New Testament
8. Matthias ben Margalot (JE | WP GWP G) Associated with Judah ben Zippori in the instigation of an uprising against Herod the Great (Josephus, "Ant." xvii. 6, &#167...
9. Matthias ben Theophilus (JE | WP GWP G) Name of two high priests. 1. The successor of Simon ben Boethus, and, unlike the other high priests appointed by Herod, who...
10. Mattithiah b. Heresh JE (JE | WP GWP G) Roman tanna of the second century; born in Judea; probably a pupil of R. Ishmael, and certainly a contemporary and friend of his pupils R. Josiah and R. Jonathan...
11. Mattithiah b. Isaac of Chinon (JE | WP GWP G) French scholar of the end of the thirteenth century. He was a pupil of R. Perez of Corbeil and a contemporary of Mordecai...
12. Mattithiah b. Joseph the Provençal (JE | WP GWP G) Chief rabbi of Paris and of France from 1360 to 1385; son of Joseph b. Johanan of Treves, rabbi of Marseilles; pupil of Perez...
13. Mattithiah Kartin (JE | WP GWP G) Scholar of the fourteenth century. He translated into Hebrew verse the "Moreh Nebukim" of Maimonides in 1363 (comp. Wolf,...
14. Mattithiah ben Moses ben Mattithiah (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish Talmudist; lived toward the end of the fourteenth century and at the beginning of the fifteenth. He was a member of...
15. Mattithiah of Paris (JE | WP GWP G) Head of the Talmudic school of Paris in the eleventh century and doubtless identical with Mattithiah b. Moses, one of Rashi&#39...
16. Maturity (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M91: Majority
17. Ascher Matzel (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian soldier and philanthropist; born 1763 at Stampfen, Hungary; died Nov. 22, 1842. At the age of seventeen he entered...
18. Charles Maurice (JE | WP GWP G) Theatrical director; born at Agen, France, May 29, 1805; died in Hamburg Jan. 27, 1896. Maurice, who was of French descent...
19. Isacco Pesaro Maurogonato (JE | WP GWP G) Italian legislator; born in Venice Nov. 26, 1817; died in Rome April 5, 1892. He was a member of a prominent family of Ferrara...
20. Leopold Mauschberger (JE | WP GWP G) Biblical scholar of the eighteenth century. He was the author of commentaries on the Pentateuch and the Earlier Prophets (Olm&#252...

281 – 300

1. Fritz Mauthner (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian poet, novelist, and satirist; born in Horitz, Bohemia, Nov. 22, 1849. He attended the Piarist gymnasium in Prague...
2. Julius Mauthner (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian chemist; born in Vienna Sept. 26, 1852; educated at Vienna University (M.D. 1879), where he became privatdocent in...
3. Ludwig Mauthner (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian ophthalmologist; born in Prague April 13, 1840; died in Vienna Oct. 20, 1894; educated at the University of Vienna...
4. Eduard Mautner (JE | WP GWP G) German author and journalist; born at Budapest Nov. 13, 1824; died in Baden, near Vienna, July 2, 1889. His father, who was...
5. Maxims (Legal) (JE | WP GWP G) Short sayings in which principles of law of wide application are laid down. They are known to all systems of jurisprudence:...
6. Isaac May (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi of Lublin, Poland, in the latter half of the sixteenth century. Gaining the favor of Count Jenchinsky, the starost of...
7. Lewis May (JE | WP GWP G) American merchant and banker; born in Worms Sept. 23, 1823; died at Dobbs Ferry, N. Y., July 22, 1897. He went to the United...
8. Mitchell May (JE | WP GWP G) Member of the American House of Representatives; born in Brooklyn, N. Y., July 10, 1871; educated at the Brooklyn Polytechnic...
9. May Laws (JE | WP GWP G) Temporary regulations concerning the Jews of Russia, proposed by Count Ignatiev, and sanctioned by the czar May 3 (15), 1882...
10. May Marriage (JE | WP GWP G) -- See O62: Omer
11. Siegmund Maybaum (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi in Berlin; born at Miskolcz, Hungary, April 29, 1844. He received his education at the yeshibot of Eisenstadt and Presburg...
12. Mayence (JE | WP GWP G) German city in the grand duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt; on the left bank of the Rhine; the seat of an archbishop, who was formerly...
13. Abraham Mayer JE (JE | WP GWP G) Belgian physician; born at Düsseldorf July 10, 1816; died at Antwerp March 1, 1899. After studying medicine at Bonn (M...
14. Constant Mayer (JE | WP GWP G) French painter; born at Besançon Oct. 4. 1832. He became a pupil at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts and of Léon Cogniet...
15. Elkan Mayer (JE | WP GWP G) German army physician; born in Frankfort-on-the-Main (where his father was a physician), and took his degree at a German university...
16. Henry Mayer (JE | WP GWP G) American caricaturist; born at Worms July 18, 1868. Mayer is the son of a Jewish merchant of London, but was educated at Worms...
17. Moritz Mayer (JE | WP GWP G) German rabbi; born at Dürckheim-on-the-Hardt, Germany, Dec. 16, 1821; died at New York Aug. 28, 1867. He studied law...
18. Samuel Mayer (JE | WP GWP G) German rabbi and lawyer; born at Hechingen Jan. 3, 1807; died there Aug. 1, 1875. He studied at the Talmud Torah in his native...
19. Sigmund Mayer (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian physician; born at Bechtheim, Rhein-Hessen, Dec. 27, 1842. He studied at the universities of Heidelberg, Giessen...
20. Mayhem (JE | WP GWP G) in English law, the offense of depriving a person of any limb, member, or organ by violence. The bearings of such an act in...

301 to 400

301 – 320

1. Raphael Isaac ben Aaron Mayo (JE | WP GWP G) Talmudical scholar of Smyrna; died in 1810. He was the author of the following works: "Sefer Shorashe ha-Yam," commentary...
2. Mazliah ben Elijah ibn Albazak (JE | WP GWP G) Italian Talmudist of the eleventh century. The surname, ibn al-Bazak, the meaning of which is unknown, shows that...
3. Judah b. Abraham Padova Mazliah (JE | WP GWP G) Italian Talmudist, cabalist, and poet; rabbi of Modena, where he died Aug. 10, 1728. He was the author of two works: "Toka&#7717...
4. Mazovra (Massuria) (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P401: Poland
5. Matzah (JE | WP GWP G) Bread that is free from leaven or other foreign elements. It is kneaded with water and without yeast or any other chemical...
6. Matzebah (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S1111: Stone and Stone-Worship
7. Alexander Mccaul (JE | WP GWP G) English Christian missionary and author; born at Dublin May 16, 1799; died at London Nov. 13, 1863. He was educated at Trinity...
8. Meah (JE | WP GWP G) -- See H176: Hammeah, Tower of
9. Meal-offering (JE | WP GWP G) Comprehensive term for all sacrifices from the vegetable world; to designate these in the Old Testament the Hebrew word "min&#7717...
10. Me'asha JE (JE | WP GWP G) Palestinian tanna, to whom one reference occurs in the Mishnah (Peah ii. 6), from which it appears that he lived in the time...
11. Me'assefim JE (JE | WP GWP G) Name designating the group of Hebrew writers who between 1784 and 1811 published their works in the periodical "Ha-Me&#39...
12. Measures (JE | WP GWP G) -- See W81: Weights and Measures
13. Meat-tax (JE | WP GWP G) in Austria, as everywhere else, the Jewish communities imposed a tax on meat, the revenue from which was used for communal...
14. Ha-Me'ati (JE | WP GWP G) Family of translators which flourished at Rome in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Nathan b. Eliezer ha-Me'ati:...
15. Meborak ha-Nagid (JE | WP GWP G) -- See E67: Egypt
16. Mechanic (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A1833: Artisans
17. Mechnikov (JE | WP GWP G) See Novachovich, L.
18. Mecia (Matthew) de Viladestes (JE | WP GWP G) Jewish chartographer of Majorca at the beginning of the fifteenth century. He was the author of a map, dated 1413, formerly...
19. Mecklenburg (JE | WP GWP G) Territory in North Germany; bounded on the north by the Baltic Sea. Formerly it constituted one duchy, but since 1701 it has...
20. Medals (JE | WP GWP G) Soon after the revival of the art of engraving medals, about the middle of the fifteenth century, a few Jewish specimens were...

321 – 340

1. Medeba (JE | WP GWP G) A town east of the Dead Sea and a few miles south of Heshbon. It was wrested from the Moabites by Sihon, King of the Amorites...
2. Medes (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M323: Media
3. Media (JE | WP GWP G) Ancient name of a country which is located south and west of the Caspian Sea, and is associated with events in Jewish history...
4. Mediator (JE | WP GWP G) in the Apocryphal and Hellenistic literature the idea of mediatorship is more pronounced. Jeremiah is frequently mentioned...
5. Medicine (JE | WP GWP G) the ancient Hebrew regarded health and disease as emanating from the same divine source. "I kill, and I make alive; I wound...
6. Medina (JE | WP GWP G) Second sacred city of Islam; situated in the Hijaz in Arabia, about 250 miles north of Mecca. It is celebrated as the place...
7. Medina DAB >> Samuel de Medina JE (JE | WP GWP G) Prominent Jewish family, members of which lived during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries chiefly in Turkey and Egypt...
8. Sir Solomon de Medina JE (JE | WP GWP G) English army contractor about 1711. He was a wealthy Jew who went to England with William III., and who attained some notoriety...
9. Hayyim Hezekiah Medini JE (JE | WP GWP G) Palestinian rabbinical writer; born at Jerusalem 1833; son of Rabbi Raphael Eliahu Medini. At the age of nineteen, on completing...
10. Meged Yerahim (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
11. Megiddo (JE | WP GWP G) Capital of one of the Canaanitish kings conquered by Joshua; assigned to Manasseh (Josh. xii. 21, xvii. 11; I Chron. vii....
12. Megillah (JE | WP GWP G) Name of a treatise in the Mishnah and in the Tosefta, as well as in the Babylonian and Jerusalem Talmuds. It is the tenth...
13. Megillah of Cairo (JE | WP GWP G) -- See E67: Egypt
14. Megillat Anteyokos (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A1596: Antiochus, Scroll of
15. Megillat Setarim (JE | WP GWP G) Name of a roll supposed to have been found in the bet ha-midrash of R. Ḥiyya, and which contained halakot recorded by...
16. Megillat Ta'anit JE (JE | WP GWP G) A chronicle which enumerates thirty-five eventful days on which the Jewish nation either performed glorious deeds or witnessed...
17. Megillat Yuhasin (JE | WP GWP G) A lost work to which several references are made in the Talmud and Mishnah. In Yeb. 49b ben 'Azzai, in support of a point...
18. The Five Megillot (JE | WP GWP G) the "five rolls" ()—Song of Solomon, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, and Esther. At the time of the formation of the...
19. Eliakim Mehlsack (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S119: Samiler
20. Moritz Hermann Eduard Meier (JE | WP GWP G) German philologist; born at Glogau, Silesia, Jan. 1, 1796; died at Halle Dec. 5, 1855. He was educated at the Graue Kloster...

341 – 360

1. Me'ilah (JE | WP GWP G) Treatise of Seder Kodashim in the Mishnah, Tosefta, and the Babylonian Talmud. In the Mishnaic order this treatise is...
2. Moses Säkel Meinek (JE | WP GWP G) German scholar and editor; lived at Offenbach at the beginning of the eighteenth century. He published in 1715, under his...
3. Meïr (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the second century (fourth generation); born in Asia Minor. The origin of this remarkable scholar, one of the most...
4. Meïr (Maestro Bendig) of Arles (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B678: Bendig, Meïr
5. Meïr ben Baruch ha-Levi (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi at Vienna from 1360 to 1390; a native of Fulda (Isserlein, "Terumat ha-Deshen," No. 81). His authority was acknowledged...
6. Meïr Calw (Calvo) (JE | WP GWP G) Biblical commentator; the country and year of his birth are unknown. As he quotes Levi b. Gershon it may be assumed that he...
7. Meïr of Clisson (JE | WP GWP G) French Talmudist of the first half of the thirteenth century. He is mentioned in an extract from "Pa'neach Raza"...
8. Meïr b. David (JE | WP GWP G) Grammarian of the last third of the thirteenth century. He wrote, under the title "Hassagat ha-Hassagah," a criticism of Ibn...
9. Meïr ben Eleazar (JE | WP GWP G) French liturgical poet of the first half of the thirteenth century. He wrote: (1) a series of poems to be recited on the seventh...
10. Meïr ben Eliakim (JE | WP GWP G) German liturgist; probably lived at Posen toward the end of the seventeenthcentury; author of "Meïr Elohim" (n.p., n...
11. Meïr ben Elijah of Norwich (JE | WP GWP G) English poet; flourished about 1260 at Norwich. One long elegiac poem and fifteen smaller ones by him are found in a Vatican...
12. Meïr (Moses Meïr) b. Ephraim of Padua (JE | WP GWP G) Scribe and printer at Mantua; died in Nov., 1583. After practising various professions he settled in Mantua as a scribe. He...
13. Meïr b. Gedaliah of Lublin (JE | WP GWP G) -- See L603: Lublin, Meïr b. Gedaliah
14. Meïr ben Isaac of Orleans (JE | WP GWP G) French liturgical poet and, possibly, Biblical commentator of the end of the eleventh century. Meïr and his son Eleazar...
15. Meïr b. Isaac of Trinquetaille (JE | WP GWP G) French scholar of the twelfth century; a member of the family of Menahem Meïri of Perpignan. He was a native of Carcassonne...
16. Meïr ibn Jair (JE | WP GWP G) Italian (?) Talmudist and grammarian of the sixteenth century. His family name seems to have been "Meïri"; for he is...
17. Meïr ben Joseph ben Merwan ha-Levi (JE | WP GWP G) French scholar; flourished at Narbonne in the twelfth century; brother of the nasi R. Moses ben Joseph ben Merwan, and pupil...
18. Meïr Kadosh (Meïr ben Jehiel Broda) (JE | WP GWP G) Moravian Talmudist; born at Ungarisch-Brod in 1593. He is known for his "Megillat R. Meïr" (Cracow, 1632), in which he...
19. Meïr ha-Kohen (JE | WP GWP G) French scholar of the thirteenth century; born at Narbonne; died at Toledo, Spain, whither he had emigrated in 1263 (Israeli...
20. Meïr ben Levi (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian Talmudist and Biblical commentator of the beginning of the eighteenth century; a native of Zolkiev. Under the title...

361 – 380

1. Meïr of Ostrowo (JE | WP GWP G) See Margolioth, Meïr b. Zebi Hirsch.
2. Meïr of Rothenburg (Meïr b. Baruch) (JE | WP GWP G) German tosafist, codifier, and liturgical poet; born at Worms about 1215; died in the fortress of Ensisheim, Alsace, May 2...
3. Meïr ben Samuel (Ram) JE (JE | WP GWP G) French tosafist; born about 1060 in Ramerupt; died after 1135. His father was an eminent scholar. Meïr received his education...
4. Meïr b. Samuel of Sczebrszyn (JE | WP GWP G) Hebrew author of the seventeenth century. In the disastrous years of 1648-49 he lived at Sczebrszyn, Russian Poland, an honored...
5. Meïr ben Simeon of Narbonne (JE | WP GWP G) Talmudist and controversialist; lived at Narbonne in the second half of the thirteenth century. He was a disciple of Nathan...
6. Meïr b. Solomon b. David (JE | WP GWP G) Grammarian of the end of the thirteenth century. He wrote a short but interesting grammatical work, which is extant only in...
7. Meïr ben Todros (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A698: Abulafia
8. Menahem ben Solomon Me'iri (JE | WP GWP G) Provençal Talmudist and commentator; born at Perpignan in 1249; died there in 1306; his Provençal name was Don Vidal...
9. Joshua Meisach (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Hebrew author; born at Sadi, government of Kovno, 1848. Meisach has written and edited over one hundred works in Yiddish...
10. Meisel DAB >> Mordecai Meisel JE (JE | WP GWP G) Bohemian family which became famous chiefly through Mordecai Marcus b. Samuel Meisel, "primate" of Prague. The family seems...
11. Meisel Synagogue (JE | WP GWP G) Prague.
12. Dob Berush b. Isaac Meisels JE (JE | WP GWP G) Polish rabbi and statesman; born in Szezekoeiny about 1800; died in Warsaw March 17, 1870. He was a scion of one of the oldest...
13. Nahum Meisels (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C848: Cracow
14. Meissen (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S292: Saxony
15. Mekilta JE (JE | WP GWP G) the halakic midrash to Exodus. The name "Mekilta," which corresponds to the Hebrew "middah" (= "measure," "rule"), was given...
16. Mekilta de-Rabbi Shim'on JE (JE | WP GWP G) Halakic midrash on Exodus from the school of R. Akiba. No midrash of this name is mentioned in Talmudic literature; but medieval...
17. Mekilta le-Sefer Debarim JE (JE | WP GWP G) A halakic midrash to Deuteronomy from the school of Rabbi Ishmael. No midrash by this name is mentioned in Talmudic literature...
18. Mekize Nirdamim JE (JE | WP GWP G) International society for the publication of old Hebrew books and manuscripts. It was established first at Lyck, Germany,...
19. Melammed JE (JE | WP GWP G) A term which in Biblical times denoted a teacher or instructor in general (e.g., in Ps. cxix. 99 and Prov. v. 13), but which...
20. Melbourne (JE | WP GWP G) Capital of the British colony of Victoria. Attempts were made to hold services in Melbourne in the house of M. Lazarus in...

381 – 400

1. Moritz Gerson Melchior (JE | WP GWP G) Danish merchant; born in Copenhagen June 22, 1816; died there Sept 19, 1884. At the age of twenty-four he entered the firm...
2. Nathan Gerson Melchior (JE | WP GWP G) Danish physician; born in Copenhagen Aug. 2, 1811; died there Jan. 30, 1872; brother of Moritz G. and Moses Melchior. Nathan...
3. Melchizedek (JE | WP GWP G) King of Salem and priest of the Most High in the time of Abraham. He brought out bread and wine, blessed Abram, and received...
4. Meldola UNR >> Raphael Meldola (Sephardic Rabbi) JE, (JE | WP GWP G) Subjoined is the genealogical tree of the Meldola family. The numbers in parentheses correspond to those given in the text...
5. Melihah (JE | WP GWP G) the process of salting meat in order to make it ritually fit (kasher) for cooking. The prohibition against partaking of blood...
6. Melli (JE | WP GWP G) Family of scholars and rabbis that derived its name from Melli, an Italian village in the province of Mantua. The family can...
7. David Abenatar Melo (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi and poet; born in Spain about 1550. His translation of some of the Psalms into Spanish verse brought him under the suspicion...
8. Moses Hay Melol (JE | WP GWP G) Compositor and translator in Leghorn (1777-93); son of Jacob Raphael Melol and brother of David Ḥayyim Melol. He translated...
9. Alfred Mels (JE | WP GWP G) German author; born at Berlin April 15, 1831; died at Summerdale, near Chicago, July 22, 1894. He studied at the University...
10. Melun (JE | WP GWP G) Principal town of the department Seine-et-Marne, France. There was a very important Jewish community here as early as the...
11. Lewis (Lewis S Benjamin) Melville (JE | WP GWP G) English author; born in 1874. He is the author of the following works: "Life of Thackeray" (1899); "Thackeray's Stray...
12. Mem (JE | WP GWP G) Thirteenth letter of the Hebrew alphabet; the meaning of the name is "water," the primitive shape of the letter resembling...
13. Memel (JE | WP GWP G) City in the district of Königsberg, East Prussia. It has a population of 19,796, including 1,214 Jews (1900). The earliest...
14. Memor-book (JE | WP GWP G) A manuscript list of localities or countries in which Jews have been persecuted, together with the names of the martyrs, and...
15. Memorial Dates (JE | WP GWP G) Jewish communities, as a rule, have taken no note of birthdays of any of their members and only in rare cases of the dates...
16. Memorial Service (JE | WP GWP G) Prayer for the dead is mentioned as early as the last pre-Christian century (see II Macc. xii. 44), and a sacrifice for the...
17. Memphis (JE | WP GWP G) City of ancient Egypt, situated about ten miles south of modern Cairo. "Memphis" is the Greek form of the Egyptian "Menfe...
18. Memphis (JE | WP GWP G) Largest city of the state of Tennessee in the United States of America. Although the year 1845 is designated as the date of...
19. Memra (JE | WP GWP G) "The Word," in the sense of the creative or directive word or speech of God manifesting His power in the world of matter or...
20. Menahem (JE | WP GWP G) King of Israel 748-738 B.C.; son of Gadi. Zachariah, the son of Jeroboam II., had at the end of six months' reign been...

401 to 500

401 – 420

1. Menahem b. Aaron ibn Zerah JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish codifier; born in Navarre, probably at Estella, in the first third of the fourteenth century; died at Toledo July...
2. Menahem b. Abraham (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B1259: Bonafos, Menahem ben Abraham
3. Menahem ben Eliakim (JE | WP GWP G) German scholar of the fourteenth century; a native of Bingen. He was the author of "'Aruk Goren," a dictionary of the...
4. Menahem Eliezer ben Levi (JE | WP GWP G) Lithuanian Talmudist; born at Wilna; died at Minsk Dec. 23, 1816. After studying Talmud under Solomon of Vilkomir he settled...
5. Menahem ben Elijah (JE | WP GWP G) Turkish liturgist of the fifteenth century; a native of Kastoria. He composed the following piyyuṭim: (1) "Mah ya&#7731...
6. Menahem the Essene (JE | WP GWP G) Prominent teacher of the Essene faction in the time of King Herod, about the middle of the first pre-Christian century. He...
7. Menahem ben Helbo (JE | WP GWP G) -- See K105: Ḳara, Joseph ben Simeon
8. Menahem ben Jacob ben Solomon ben Simson (JE | WP GWP G) German synagogal poet; died at Worms April 16, 1203. He was a member of an old family of Jewish scholars connected with that...
9. Menahem ben Jair (JE | WP GWP G) Leader of the Sicarh. He was a grandson of Judas of Galilee, the founder of the Zealot party, of which the Sicarii were a...
10. Menahem b. Joseph b. Hiyya (JE | WP GWP G) Gaon of Pumbedita 858-860. He was probably elected to the office of gaon rather on account of his father than for his own...
11. Menahem ben Joseph of Troyes (JE | WP GWP G) Liturgical compiler; lived at Troyes in the thirteenth century, succeeding his father, Joseph Ḥazzan ben Judah, as &#7717...
12. Menahem b. Judah (JE | WP GWP G) Roman halakist of the twelfth century. There are few data regarding his life, neither the year of his birth nor that of his...
13. Menahem ben Machir (JE | WP GWP G) German liturgist of the eleventh century; a native of Ratisbon. His grandfather, also called Menahem b. Machir, was a nephew...
14. Menahem Mann ben Solomon ha-Levi (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A1380: Amelander, Menahem Mann ben Solomon ha-Levi
15. Menahem Manuele b. Baruch ha-Levi (JE | WP GWP G) Polish rabbi and author; died in Lemberg 1742. He was a descendant of R. Joseph Cohen of Cracow (author of "She'erit Yosef")...
16. Menahem Mendel ben Baruch Bendet (JE | WP GWP G) Lithuanian Talmudist of the eighteenth century; born at Shklov; died in Palestine. He was a pupil of Elijah of Wilna, whose...
17. Menahem of Merseburg (JE | WP GWP G) German author; lived between 1420 and 1450. Of his life few details are known. Jacob Weil (Responsa, No. 133) speaks of him...
18. Menahem b. Michael b. Joseph Ha-Kara'i (JE | WP GWP G) Karaite philosopher and poet; born in Babylon; a contemporary of Saadia. He corresponded with David al-Mukamma&#7779...
19. Menahem b. Moses Tamar (JE | WP GWP G) Poet and commentator; probably a pupil of Mordecai Comtino of Constantinople; flourished in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries...
20. Menahem Obel (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M972: Mourning

421 – 440

1. Menahem ben Perez of Joigny (JE | WP GWP G) French tosafist and Biblical commentator of the twelfth century. Zadoc Kahn ("R. E. J." iii. 7) identifies him with Menahem...
2. Menahem Porto (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P458: Porto
3. Menahem of Recanati (JE | WP GWP G) -- See R150: Recanati
4. Menahem ben Saruk (Menahem b. Jacob ibn Saruk) JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish philologist of the tenth century. He was a native of Tortosa, and went, apparently at an early age, to Cordova, where...
5. Menahem ben Simeon (JE | WP GWP G) French Biblical commentator at the end of the twelfth century; a native of Posquières and a pupil of Joseph Kim&#7717...
6. Menahem b. Solomon b. Isaac JE (JE | WP GWP G) Author of the "Sekel Tob" and the "Eben Bochan"; flourished in the first half of the twelfth century. The presence...
7. Menahem of Tiktin (Maharam Tiktin; Menahem David ben Isaac) (JE | WP GWP G) Polish rabbi and author of the sixteenth century; pupil of Moses Isserles. Menahem occupied himself with emending and annotating...
8. Menahem Vardimas ben Perez the Elder (JE | WP GWP G) French tosafist and liturgist; died at Dreux 1224. The name "Vardimas," found in Talmud Babli (Shab. 118b) as a bye-name of...
9. Menahem ben Zebi (JE | WP GWP G) German rabbi; died at Posen(?) in 1724. He was the pupil of R. Heschel and of Aaron Samuel Kaidanover (author of "Birkat ha-Zeba&#7717...
10. Menahem Zioni (Ziyyuni) b. Meïr of Speyer JE (JE | WP GWP G) Cabalist of the middle of the fifteenth century; author of the cabalistic commentary "Ziyyuni," from which he derives...
11. Menahem-zion ben Solomon (JE | WP GWP G) Polish rabbi and preacher; died at Altona in 1681. He was at first rabbi of Vladislav, government of Suwalki, Russian Poland...
12. Menahot (JE | WP GWP G) Treatise in the Mishnah, in the Tosefta, and in the Babylonian Talmud. It discusses chiefly the more precise details of the...
13. MenakKer (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P453: Porging
14. Menander DAB(JE | WP GWP G) Putative author of a collection of proverbs, in a Syriac manuscript in the British Museum, edited in 1862 by Land, and bearing...
15. Mende (JE | WP GWP G) Capital of the ancient county of Gévaudan; now chief town in the department of Lozère, France. In the twelfth century...
16. Mendel JE (JE | WP GWP G) Name of a prominent Hungarian family which flourished in the latter half of the fifteenth century and in the first half of...
17. Emanuel Mendel (JE | WP GWP G) German physician; born at Bunzlau, Silesia, Oct. 28, 1839; educated at the universities of Breslau, Vienna, and Berlin (M...
18. Henriette Mendel (JE | WP GWP G) Bavarian actress; born July 31, 1833; died at Munich Nov. 12, 1891. In early life she was noted for her beauty and histrionic...
19. Hermann Mendel (JE | WP GWP G) Music publisher and writer; born at Halle Aug. 6, 1834; died at Berlin Oct. 26, 1876. He received his musical education at...
20. Leon Mendelsburg (JE | WP GWP G) Russian teacher and writer; born at Hodava, Russian Poland, 1819; died at Warsaw March, 1897. He studied Talmud at Tomashov...

441 – 460

1. Joseph Mendelsohn (JE | WP GWP G) German author; born at Jever Sept. 10, 1817; died at Hamburg April 4, 1856. He was admitted at an early age to the Jewish...
2. Martin Mendelsohn (JE | WP GWP G) German physician; born at Posen Dec. 16, 1860; studied medicine at the universities of Leipsic and Berlin (M.D. 1885). After...
3. Samuel Mendelsohn JE (JE | WP GWP G) American rabbi and scholar; born in Shillelen, province of Kovno, Russia, March 31, 1850. He was educated at the rabbinical...
4. Morritz Emanuilovich Mendelson (JE | WP GWP G) Polish physiologist and physician; born at Warsaw 1855. He studied medicine at the University of Warsaw, and received his...
5. Moses Mendelson (JE | WP GWP G) German Hebraist andwriter of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries; born in Hamburg; died there at an advanced age in 1861...
6. Mendelssohn (JE | WP GWP G) German family rendered illustrious by the philosopher and the musician. It can not verify its ancestry further back than the...
7. Mendes (Mendez) (JE | WP GWP G) Netherlandish family; one of the thirty prominent Jewish families which emigrated from Spain to Portugal under the leadership...
8. Mendes >> Abraham Pereira Mendes JE, Frederick de Sola Mendes JE, Henry Pereira Mendes JE (JE | WP GWP G) One of the oldest Sephardic families. It continued in Spain and in Spanish possessions long after 1492, the year of the general...
9. Catulle Mendès (JE | WP GWP G) French poet, dramatist, and art critic; born at Bordeaux May 22, 1841. Educated in his native city, he went in 1859 to Paris...
10. David Franco Mendes (JE | WP GWP G) -- See F300: Franco
11. Francisco Mendes (JE | WP GWP G) Portuguese Marano; physician to Don Affonso, brother of the cardinal infante; lived in Lisbon in the sixteenth century. The...
12. Maurits Benjamin da Costa Mendes (JE | WP GWP G) Dutch philologist; born at Amsterdam May 16, 1851; entered the Athenæum (now the University) there in 1867 and studied...
13. Moses Mendes (Mendez) (JE | WP GWP G) English poet and dramatist; born in London; died at Old Buckenham, Norfolk, Feb. 4, 1758; son of James Mendes, a stock-broker...
14. Francisco Mendes-Nasi (JE | WP GWP G) Member of one of the richest and most respected Portuguese Marano families; died about 1536; husband of Beatrice de Luna....
15. Gracia Mendesia (JE | WP GWP G) Philanthropist; born about 1510, probably in Portugal; died at Constantinople 1569; member of the Spanish family of Benveniste...
16. Sigismund Ferdinand Mendl (JE | WP GWP G) English politician; born 1866. He was educated at Harrow School and University College, Oxford, and in 1888 was admitted to...
17. Jacob Wolf Mendlin (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Hebrew economist; born at Moghilef-on-the-Dnieper 1842. He was the first of the Hebrew writers to treat of economic...
18. Daniel Mendoza (JE | WP GWP G) English pugilist; born 1763 in White-chapel, London; died Sept. 3, 1836. Champion of England from 1792 to 1795, he was the...
19. Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin (JE | WP GWP G) Words written by a mysterious hand on the wall of Belshazzar's palace, and interpreted by Daniel as predicting the doom...
20. Menelaus JE (JE | WP GWP G) High priest from 171 to about 161 B.C.; successor of Jason, the brother of Onias III. The sources are divided as to his origin...

461 – 480

1. Menephtha (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M480: Merneptaḥ
2. Anton Rafael Mengs (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian painter; born in Aussig, Bohemia, March 12, 1728; died in Rome June 29, 1779; son of Ismael Israel Mengs. Anton Mengs...
3. Ismael Israel Mengs (JE | WP GWP G) Danish portrait-painter; born in Copenhagen 1690; died in Dresden Dec. 26, 1765. He learned the art of miniature- and enamel-painting...
4. Menken (JE | WP GWP G) American family, the first known member of which was Solomon Menken. Jacob Stanwood Menken: American merchant; born in...
5. Ada Isaacs Menken (JE | WP GWP G) Anglo-American actress and writer; born June 15, 1835, at Milneburg, La.; died in Paris, France, Aug. 10, 1868. Her first...
6. Menorah (JE | WP GWP G) the holy candelabrum. For Biblical Data See Candlestick. (see image) the Mosaic Menorah as Described in Rabbinical Literature...
7. Menorah (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
8. Menstruation (JE | WP GWP G) the first appearance of the menses is known to depend on various factors—climate, occupation, residence in towns, etc...
9. Abraham Joseph ben Simon Wolf Menz (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi at Frankfort-on-the-Main at the beginning of the eighteenth century. He wrote an elementary text-book on mathematics...
10. Mephibosheth (JE | WP GWP G) Only son of Jonathan, son of Saul, first king of Israel. The chronicler gives him the name of Merib-baal (I Chron. viii. 34)...
11. Mequinez (JE | WP GWP G) Town in the interior of Morocco, about 35 miles west-southwest of Fez. It contains about 6,000 Jews in a total population...
12. Merab (JE | WP GWP G) the elder of Saul's two daughters (I Sam. xiv. 49; xviii. 17, 19). Saul formally offered Merab's hand to David with...
13. Moses Menahem Merari (JE | WP GWP G) Poet and chief rabbi of Venice in the seventeenth century. He was one of the rabbis who signed the decision in regard to the...
14. Mercantile Law (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C694: Commercial Law
15. Mercy (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C699: Compassion
16. Merech REF:JE (JE | WP GWP G) Russian town in the government of Wilna. The earliest mention of Jews there is dated 1539, when a dispute was adjudicated...
17. Meribah (JE | WP GWP G) 1. A place in Rephidim in the wilderness; called also "Massah and Meribah, because of the chiding of the children of Israel...
18. Date meridian (JE | WP GWP G) Imaginary line fixed upon as the one along which the reckoning of the calendar day changes. East of this line the day is dated...
19. Merkabah JE (JE | WP GWP G) the Heavenly Throne; hence "Ma'aseh Merkabah," the lore concerning the heavenly Throne-Chariot, with especial reference...
20. Merneptah (JE | WP GWP G) Egyptian king, the fourth of the 19th dynasty; a prominent figure in the discussions concerning the historicalness and chronology...

481 – 500

1. Merodach-baladan (JE | WP GWP G) King of Babylon (712 B.C.), who sent letters and a present to Hezekiah, King of Judah, when the latter had recovered from...
2. Merom (JE | WP GWP G) "The waters of Merom" is given in Josh. xi. 5 as the name of the place at which the hosts of the peoples of northern Palestine...
3. Meron (JE | WP GWP G) City of Galilee, situated on a mountain, three miles northwest of Safed and four miles south of Giscala, with which city it...
4. Merv (JE | WP GWP G) District town in Russian Central Asia, on the River Murgab. The town sprang up when the district was annexed to Russia in...
5. Merwan ha-Levi JE (JE | WP GWP G) French philanthropist of the second half of the eleventh century; one of the most prominent Jews of Narbonne, who devoted...
6. Abraham Merzbacher (JE | WP GWP G) German banker; born 1812 at Baiersdorf near Erlangen; died June 4, 1885, at Munich. He at first intended to follow a rabbinical...
7. Meseritz (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M597: Miedzyrzecz
8. Mesha (JE | WP GWP G) King of Moab, tributary to Ahab, King of Israel. He was a sheepmaster, and paid the King of Israel an annual tax consisting...
9. Mesha (Me'asha) (JE | WP GWP G) Palestinian amora; lived in the third century at Lydda, in Judea. He seems to have lost his parents when a child, for he was...
10. Meshershaya bar Pakod (JE | WP GWP G) Babylonian amora of the sixth and last generation; lived in Sura. In the persecution of Jews by Perozes (Firuz), King of Persia...
11. Meshullam ben David (JE | WP GWP G) German tosafist of the twelfth or of the first half of the thirteenth century. He was the son of the tosafist and liturgist...
12. Meshullam ben Isaac Salem ben Joseph (JE | WP GWP G) Italian poet; lived successively at Mantua and Venice at the end of the sixteenth century and at the beginning of the seventeenth...
13. Meshullam ben Israel (JE | WP GWP G) Talmudic scholar of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries; author of "Mar'eh Mekom ha-Dinim" (Cracow, 1647), an...
14. Meshullam ben Jacob of Lunel JE (JE | WP GWP G) French Talmudist; died at Lunel in 1170. He directed a Talmudic school which produced several famous men, and was an intimate...
15. Meshullam ben Joel ha-Kohen (JE | WP GWP G) Galician Talmudist; died at Lemberg Sept. 25, 1809. At first rabbi at Zurawno (Galicia), he was called to Koretz to succeed...
16. Meshullam ben Jonah (JE | WP GWP G) Physician and translator of the thirteenth century. It appears that he lived in southern France. He occupied himself with...
17. Meshullam ben Kalonymus ben Todros (JE | WP GWP G) French scholar of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries; nasi of Narbonne. Meshullam sided with Judah al-Fakhkhar in his attacks...
18. Meshullam ben Machir (Don Bonet Crescas de Lunel) (JE | WP GWP G) French scholar; settled at Perpignan, where he died in 1306. Abba Mari, who was a relative of Meshullam, lamented the latter&#39...
19. Meshullam ben Nathan of Melun (JE | WP GWP G) French tosafist; born at Narbonne about 1120. He was a member of the rabbinical college of Narbonne and, with Abraham ben...
20. Meshullam Phoebus ben Israel Samuel (JE | WP GWP G) Chief rabbi of Cracow; born about 1547; died at Cracow Oct. 17, 1617. Meshullam is first known as the head of a flourishing...

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