Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/E2

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501 to 600

501 – 520

Ethiopia (JE | WP GWP G) the translation in the Authorized Version, following the ancient versions, of a name covering three different countries and...
Ethnarch (JE | WP GWP G) in the Greco-Roman world, one that stood at the head of any community, though not an independent ruler. The Hebrew word "rosh"...
Ethnology (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B1037: Biblical Ethnology
Etiquette (JE | WP GWP G) Rules governing intercourse in polite society. Such rules are supposed by the Rabbis to have been laid down by the Bible itself...
Etoile (JE | WP GWP G) Town in the ancient province of Dauphineá, France. It must not be confounded with Estella (Latin, Stella), Spain. In...
Etrog (JE | WP GWP G) the citron (κίτρον, κίτριον); fruit of a tree of the orange...
Isaac Seckel ben Menahem Etthausen (JE | WP GWP G) German rabbi; flourished in the first half of the eighteenth century, officiating as rabbi in various German towns during...
Etting (JE | WP GWP G) Name of an American family, prominent in national and civic affairs, whose history is associated with the states of Maryland...
Ettinger (Oettinger) (JE | WP GWP G) Family name derived from the city of Oettingen in Bavaria, and found all over Europe among Ashkenazim families. The Galician...
Jacob Ettlinger JE (JE | WP GWP G) German rabbi and author, and one of the leaders of modern Orthodoxy; born at Carlsruhe March 17, 1798; died at Altona Dec...
Isaac Abraham Euchel JE (JE | WP GWP G) Hebrew author; born at Copenhagen 1758; died at Berlin (June?) 14, 1804. He studied at the University of Königsberg under...
Euclid (JE | WP GWP G) Greek geometer; flourished in the fourth century B.C. He is mentioned, perhaps for the first time in Hebrew literature, by...
Albert Eulenburg (JE | WP GWP G) German neuropathist and electrotherapist; born Aug. 10, 1840, in Berlin; son of the physician Moritz Michael Eulenburg (1811-87)...
Eulogy (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I166: Invocations
Eunuch (JE | WP GWP G) As throughout the Orient in very ancient times, and more especially in Egypt and Assyria, where they seem to have held the...
Eupatoria (JE | WP GWP G) Town in the government of Taurida; on the western coast of the Crimea. It was formerly called by the Tatars "Gezelew" (in...
Euphemism (JE | WP GWP G) A figure of speech by which a softened, indirect expression is substituted for a word or phrase offensive to delicate ears...
Euphrates (JE | WP GWP G) the main river of nearer Asia, often mentioned in the Bible (the fourth river of paradise, Gen. ii. 14), and frequently designated...
Eupolemus DAB (JE | WP GWP G) Son of John, son of Accos; envoy of Judas Maccabeus to the Romans. To secure himself against the Syrians Judas sent Eupolemus...
Europe >> Jews in the Middle Ages JE (JE | WP GWP G) the first settlements of Jews in Europe are obscure. There is documentary evidence only for the fact that in 163 B.C. Eupolemus...

521 – 540

Eurydemus ben Jose (JE | WP GWP G) One of the sons of Tanna Jose b. Ḥalafta. His name has been transmitted in the most varying forms: "Awradimus" (), "Abirodimus"...
Eusebius (JE | WP GWP G) Bishop of Cæsarea and the "father of Church history"; born about 270. Though animated by zeal for the conversion of the...
Eutolemus (JE | WP GWP G) Name borne by a number of Palestinian Jews. R. Jose quotes in reference to several halakic questions the testimony of a certain...
Samuel Evans (JE | WP GWP G) English pugilist; born in London Jan. 30, 1801; died of consumption Nov. 4, 1843. Evans' first encounter in the prize-ring...
Evansville (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I131: Indiana
Evaristus (JE | WP GWP G) the fifth pope; consecrated about 100; died about 109. The breviary of Pope Pius V. reserves Oct. 26 to the memory of "Evaristus...
Eve (JE | WP GWP G) the wife of Adam. According to Gen. iii. 20, Eve was so called because she was "the mother of all living" (R. V., margin,...
Eve of Holidays (JE | WP GWP G) Unlike the early Babylonians, whose day began with sunrise, the Jews began theirs with sunset. Some critics, Dillmann among...
Eviction (JE | WP GWP G) -- See E108: Ejectment
Evidence (JE | WP GWP G) Whenever in proceedings at law an issue arises—that is, in civil cases when a fact is asserted on one side and denied...
Evil Eye (JE | WP GWP G) A supposed power of bewitching or harming by spiteful looks, attributed to certain persons as a natural endowment. The belief...
Evil-merodach (JE | WP GWP G) Son of Nebuchadnezzar, and third ruler of the New Babylonian empire; reigned from 561 to 560 B.C. His name in Babylonian is...
Evil Spirits (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D245: Demonology
Evolution (JE | WP GWP G) the series of steps by which all existing beings have been developed by gradual modification; term generally applied to the...
Evora (JE | WP GWP G) City in Portugal, and the seat of the rabbi of the province of Alemtejo. When the bride-elect of Don Alfonso, the only son...
Evreux (JE | WP GWP G) Capital of the department of Eure, France. In the Middle Ages it was one of the centers of Jewish learning, and its scholars...
Ferdinand Christopher Ewald (JE | WP GWP G) English clergyman; born near Bamberg, Bavaria, 1802; died in Norwood, London, Aug. 9, 1874; baptized at Basel when about 23...
Georg Heinrich August Ewald (JE | WP GWP G) Christian Biblical scholar; born at Göttingen Nov. 16, 1803; died there May 4, 1875; educated at the University of G&#246...
Johann Ludwig Ewald [de] (JE | WP GWP G) German pedagogue and theologian, and advocate of the Jews; born at Hain-zur-Dreieich, grand duchy of Hesse, Sept. 16, 1747...
Ewe (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S577: Sheep

541 – 560

Leopold Ewer (JE | WP GWP G) German physician; born Jan. 4, 1849, at Anklam, Pomerania. He studied from 1868 to 1873 at the University of Berlin (M.D....
Bills of Exchange (JE | WP GWP G) Instruments, generally in duplicate, ordering persons to pay money in distant parts. According to Hallam ("Europe in the Middle...
Exchequer of the Jews (JE | WP GWP G) A division of the Court of Exchequer in England (1200-90) in which the taxes and the law-cases of the Jews were recorded and...
Excommunication (JE | WP GWP G) the highest ecclesiastical censure, the exclusion of a person from the religious community, which among the Jews meant a practical...
Execution (JE | WP GWP G) Carrying into effect the decision of a court. The word also denotes the writ entrusting some officer of the law with the duty...
Executors (JE | WP GWP G) -- See W188: Will
Exeter (JE | WP GWP G) County-seat of Devon, England. The first Jew mentioned as living in Exeter, about 1181, paid a fine of 10 marks for the king...
Exilarch JE (JE | WP GWP G) Title given to the head of the Babylonian Jews, who, from the time of the Babylonian exile, were designated by the term "golah"...
Exile (JE | WP GWP G) the translation of "goleh" (II Sam. xv. 19) and "Zo'eh" (Isa. li. 14) in the English versions; it also occurs as...
Exodus (JE | WP GWP G) the departure, under the leadership of Moses, of the Israelites from the land of Egypt.—Biblical Data: Having multiplied...
Book of Exodus (JE | WP GWP G) the second book of the Torah or Pentateuch is called by the Jews , from the opening words, or briefly . The Greek name is...
Exogamy (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M213: Marriage
Exorcism (JE | WP GWP G) the expulsion of evil spirits by spells; in Greek ἐκβάλλειν (Matt. viii. 16...
Expectation of life (JE | WP GWP G) the expected duration of life after any given age, estimated according to fixed tables of mortality based on the mean number...
Expression (JE | WP GWP G) -- See T371: Types
Jonathan Eybeschütz (JE | WP GWP G) German rabbi and Talmudist; born in Cracow about the year 1690; died in Altona Sept. 18, 1764. His father, Nathan (Nata),...
Eye (JE | WP GWP G) This important organ is mentioned more than 800 times in the Bible, but is described only in its external appearance and significance...
Ezbai (JE | WP GWP G) Father of Naarai, one of David's thirty mighty warriors (I Chron. xi. 37). The parallel list of II Samuel has "Paarai...
Ezbon (JE | WP GWP G) 1. Son of Gad, and father of one of the Gadite families (Gen. xlvi. 16). In Num. xxvi. 16 "Ezbon" is replaced by "Ozni" ()...
Ezekias (JE | WP GWP G) High priest mentioned by Josephus, who relates that among those who accompanied Ptolemy to Egypt after the battle of Gaza...

561 – 580

Ezekiel (JE | WP GWP G) Concerning the life of Ezekiel there are but a few scattered references contained in the book bearing his name. He was the...
Ezekiel's Tomb (JE | WP GWP G) the traditional burial-place of the prophet Ezekiel, around which many sagas and legends have gathered, is shown at Kefil...
Book of Ezekiel (JE | WP GWP G) Ezekiel's book is one of the most original in the sacred literature of Israel. Its principal features are its systematic...
Ezekiel Abraham Ezekiel (JE | WP GWP G) English engraver; born in Exeter 1757; died there 1806. He engraved paintings by Opie, Sir Joshua Reynolds, and others, and...
Ezekiel Feiwel ben Ze'eb Wolf (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Talmudist and preacher; born at Polangen 1755; died at Wilna 1833. Early in life he filled the position of preacher...
Jacob Ezekiel (JE | WP GWP G) Born in Philadelphia, Pa., June 28, 1812; died May 16, 1899. His parents, Ezekiel Jacob Ezekiel and Rebecca Israel, had come...
Jacob Ezekiel (JE | WP GWP G) the third of the Beni-Israel (the first two being Isaac Solomon and Joel Samuel) who visited the Holy Land (1894); he was...
Joseph Ezekiel (JE | WP GWP G) Indian Hebraist; one of the heads of the Beni-Israel of Bombay; born in that city 1834. Ezekiel was educated in the school...
Moses Jacob Ezekiel (JE | WP GWP G) American sculptor; born in Richmond, Va., Oct. 28, 1844; educated at the Virginia Military Institute, from which, after serving...
Ezekiel b. Samuel ha-Levi (JE | WP GWP G) See Schlesinger, Ezekiel.
Ezekielus (JE | WP GWP G) Alexandrine poet; flourished in the second century B.C. He dramatized Biblical episodes in Greek hexameters. Four fragments...
Ezer (JE | WP GWP G) Son of Seir, and one of the princes of Edom (Gen. xxxvi. 21, 27, 30; I Chron. i. 38, 42). ...
Ezer (JE | WP GWP G) Theophorous name, shortened either from "Eleazar" or from "Azriel," both occurring in the Bible. 1. Son of Ephraim, slain...
Ezion-Geber (JE | WP GWP G) A maritime place of Idumæa, situated on the Aelanitic Gulf of the Red Sea, not far from Elath or Eloth (Deut. ii...
Eliezer ben Hanan Ezobi (JE | WP GWP G) Provençal poet; lived at Béziers in the thirteenth century. He was the brother of Joseph EZOBI, and a contemporary...
Joseph ben Hanan ben Nathan Ezobi [he] (JE | WP GWP G) Liturgical poet; lived at Perpignan in the thirteenth century. He was the author of thefollowing: (1) three liturgical poems...
Solomon ben Judah Ezobi (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi at Carpentras, Leghorn, and Florence; born at Sofia, Bulgaria, in the sixteenth century; died in Italy about 1650. While...
Ezra the Scribe (JE | WP GWP G) A descendant of Seraiah the high priest (Neh. viii. 13; Ezra vii. 1 et seq.; II Kings xxv. 18-21); a member of the priestly...
Book of Ezra JE (JE | WP GWP G) the contents of the book are as follows: Synopsis of Contents.Ch. i.: Cyrus, inspired by Jehovah, permits the Israelites...
Apocryphal Books of Ezra (JE | WP GWP G) -- See E463: Esdras, Books of

581 – 600

Ezra UNR (JE | WP GWP G) Palestinian halakist of the fifth century; disciple of R. Mana the Younger (Yer. Ter. i. 40b, vii. 44d). By a clerical error...
Ezra the Cabalist (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A2224: Azriel ben Menahem
Ezra the Prophet of Moncontour (JE | WP GWP G) French tosafist; flourished in the thirteenth century. The title "prophet" is, according to Zunz, an honorific one. It is...
Ezra b. Solomon Astruc ibn Gatigno (JE | WP GWP G) -- See E584: Gatigno, Ezra b. Solomon
Ezrahite (JE | WP GWP G) Name occurring in Psalms lxxxviii. and lxxxix. (in the titles); I Kings iv. 31; and I Chronicles ii. 6. In the last-mentioned...

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