Paul Singer (politician)

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Paul Singer (standing, farthest right) with the Social Democratic Reichstag deputies, 1889

Paul Singer (16 January 1844, Berlin – 31 January 1911) was a leading Marxist in and representative of the Social Democratic Party of Germany in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Co-Chairmen of the SPD (which he joined in 1878) along with fellow Marxist August Bebel from 1890 until his death in 1911. His grave now forms part of the Memorial to the Socialists (German: Gedenkstätte der Sozialisten) in the Friedrichsfelde Central Cemetery, Berlin.

Literature

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Heinrich Gemkow: Paul Singer – ein bedeutender Führer der deutschen Arbeiterbewegung. Dietz, Berlin 1957.
Ursula Reuter: Paul Singer (1844–1911). Eine politische Biographie, Düsseldorf: Droste 2004
Wilhelm Heinz Schröder: Sozialdemokratische Parlamentarier in den deutschen Reichs- und Landtagen 1867–1933. Biographien, Chronik und Wahldokumentation. Ein Handbuch. Düsseldorf, 1995. ISBN 3-7700-5192-0 S.706

External links

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Paul Singer in the German National Library catalogue (in German)
Timeline of Singer's life (in German)
V. I. Lenin, Paul Singer
Ursula Reuter: Nicht fragen, wer ist der Mann, sondern: Wie ist der Mann. Paul Singer (1844–1911): Bürger, Kaufmann, Sozialdemokrat. (in German)
Biography of Singer (in German)

v t e Chairmen of the Social Democratic Party of Germany
SPD (1890–1933)	Paul Singer & Alwin Gerisch (1890–92) Paul Singer & August Bebel (1892–1911) August Bebel & Hugo Haase (1911–13) Hugo Haase & Friedrich Ebert (1913–16) Friedrich Ebert / Philipp Scheidemann (1917–19) Otto Wels & Herman Müller (1919–22) Otto Wels & Herman Müller & Arthur Crispien (1922–28) Otto Wels & Arthur Crispien (1928–31) Arthur Crispien & Otto Wels & Hans Vogel (1931–33)
SPD-in-exile (1933–1945)	Otto Wels & Hans Vogel (1933–39) Hans Vogel (1939–45)
SPD (since 1945)	Kurt Schumacher (1945–52) Erich Ollenhauer (1953–63) Willy Brandt (1964–87) Hans-Jochen Vogel (1987–91) Björn Engholm (1991–93 Rudolf Scharping (1993–95) Oskar Lafontaine (1995–99) Gerhard Schröder (1999–2004) Franz Müntefering (2004–05) Matthias Platzeck (2005–06) Kurt Beck (2006–08) Franz Müntefering (2008–09) Sigmar Gabriel (2009–17) Martin Schulz (2017–18) Andrea Nahles (2018–19) Saskia Esken & Norbert Walter-Borjans (2019–21) Saskia Esken & Lars Klingbeil (2021–present)

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