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A photograph of a tube-nosed bat hanging upside-down. It is silver and small.
Hilgendorf's tube-nosed bat (Murina hilgendorfi)

Murininae is one of the four subfamilies of Vespertilionidae, itself one of twenty families of bats in the mammalian order Chiroptera and part of the microbat suborder. A member of this subfamily is called a murinine, or a tube-nosed bat. They are found in Asia and Australia, primarily in forests and caves, though some species can also be found in savannas. They range in size from the Da Lat tube-nosed bat, at 3 cm (1 in) plus a 2 cm (1 in) tail, to the lesser hairy-winged bat, at 8 cm (3 in) plus a 5 cm (2 in) tail. Like all bats, murinines are capable of true and sustained flight. They have wing lengths ranging from 2 cm (1 in) to 6 cm (2 in). They are all insectivorous and eat a variety of insects and spiders.[1] Almost no murinines have population estimates, though two—the Da Lat tube-nosed bat and Ryukyu tube-nosed bat—are categorized as endangered species, and two species—the Bala tube-nosed bat and gloomy tube-nosed bat—are categorized as critically endangered.

The 35 extant species of Murininae are divided between three genera: Harpiocephalus with one species, Harpiola with two species, and Murina with the other 32. A few extinct prehistoric murinine species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed.[2]

Conventions

[edit]
IUCN Red List categories
Conservation status
 EX Extinct (0 species)
 EW Extinct in the wild (0 species)
 CR Critically Endangered (2 species)
 EN Endangered (2 species)
 VU Vulnerable (2 species)
 NT Near threatened (0 species)
 LC Least concern (18 species)
Other categories
 DD Data deficient (11 species)
 NE Not evaluated (0 species)

Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the murinine's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted. Population figures are rounded to the nearest hundred.

Classification

[edit]

Murininae, one of the four subfamilies of the family Vespertilionidae, contains 35 extant species divided into 3 genera.

Subfamily Murininae

  • Genus Harpiocephalus (lesser hairy-winged bat): one species
  • Genus Harpiola (tube-nosed bats): two species
  • Genus Murina (tube-nosed bats): 32 species

Murinines

[edit]

The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by the reference work Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis, as supported by both the IUCN and the American Society of Mammalogists.[3]

Genus Harpiocephalus – Gray, 1842 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Lesser hairy-winged bat

Drawing of bat head

H. harpia
Temminck, 1840

Four subspecies
  • H. h. harpia
  • H. h. lasyurus
  • H. h. madrassius
  • H. h. rufulus
Southeastern Asia
Map of range 		Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest[5] 		 LC 


Unknown Population declining[5]

Genus Harpiola – Thomas, 1915 – two species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Formosan golden tube-nosed bat


H. isodon
Kuo, Fang, Csorba, & Lee, 2006 		Taiwan Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest, inland wetlands, and caves[6] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[6]

Peters's tube-nosed bat


H. grisea
Peters, 1872 		Northern and eastern India
Map of range 		Size: About 5 cm (2 in), plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest[7] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[7]

Genus Murina – Gray, 1842 – 32 species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Annam tube-nosed bat


M. annamitica
Francis & Eger, 2012 		Southeastern Asia
Map of range 		Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
2–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest and savanna[9] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[9]

Bala tube-nosed bat


M. balaensis
Soisook, Karapan, Satasook, & Bates, 2013 		Thailand
Map of range 		Size: About 3 cm (1 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
2–3 cm (1 in) arm/wing length[10]

Habitat: Forest[11] 		 CR 


Unknown Unknown[11]

Beelzebub's tube-nosed bat

Gray bat

M. beelzebub
Son, Furey, & Csorba, 2011 		Vietnam and Laos Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest[12] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[12]

Bicolored tube-nosed bat


M. bicolor
Kuo, Fang, Csorba, & Lee, 2009 		Taiwan Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest[13] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[13]

Bronze tube-nosed bat


M. aenea
Hill, 1964 		Malaysia
Map of range 		Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10]

Habitat: Forest[14] 		 VU 


Unknown Population declining[14]

Brown tube-nosed bat


M. suilla
Temminck, 1840

Two subspecies
  • M. s. canescens
  • M. s. suilla
Southeastern Asia
Map of range 		Size: 3–7 cm (1–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
2–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10]

Habitat: Forest[15] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[15]

Da Lat tube-nosed bat


M. harpioloides
Kruskop & Eger, 2008 		Vietnam Size: 3–4 cm (1–2 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail
about 3 cm (1 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest[16] 		 EN 


Unknown Population declining[16]

Dusky tube-nosed bat


M. fusca
Sowerby, 1922 		Northeastern China Size: About 6 cm (2 in), plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail
about 4 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Unknown[17] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[17]

Elery's tube-nosed bat


M. eleryi
Furey, Thong, Bates, & Csorba, 2009 		Southeastern Asia
Map of range 		Size: 3–4 cm (1–2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
2–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10]

Habitat: Forest[18] 		 LC 


Unknown Population declining[18]

Fea's tube-nosed bat

Gray bat

M. feae
Thomas, 1891 		Southeastern Asia Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
2–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest and caves[19] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[19]

Fiona's tube-nosed bat


M. fionae
Francis & Eger, 2012 		Southeastern Asia
Map of range 		Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10]

Habitat: Forest[20] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[20]

Flute-nosed bat


M. florium
Thomas, 1908

Three subspecies
  • M. f. florium
  • M. f. lanosa
  • M. f. toxopei
Southeastern Asia and Northern Australia (M. f. florium in red, M. f. lanosa in blue, and M. f. toxopei in green)
Map of range 		Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10]

Habitat: Forest and savanna[21] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[21]

Gilded tube-nosed bat


M. rozendaali
Hill & Francis, 1984 		Southeastern Asia
Map of range 		Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
2–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10]

Habitat: Forest[22] 		 VU 


Unknown Population declining[22]

Gloomy tube-nosed bat


M. tenebrosa
Yoshiyuki, 1970 		Tsushima Island in Japan Size: About 5 cm (2 in), plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail
about 3 cm (1 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Caves[23] 		 CR 


1 Unknown[23]

Golden-haired tube-nosed bat


M. chrysochaetes
Eger & Lim, 2011 		Southern China and northern Vietnam Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail
2–3 cm (1 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest[24] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[24]

Greater tube-nosed bat

Drawing of bat head

M. leucogaster
(A. Milne-Edwards, 1872)

Two subspecies
  • M. l. leucogaster
  • M. l. rubex
Eastern Asia Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest[25] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[25]

Harrison's tube-nosed bat


M. harrisoni
Csorba & Bates, 2005 		Southeastern Asia
Map of range 		Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest[26] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[26]

Hidden tube-nosed bat

Brown bat

M. recondita
Kuo, Fang, Csorba, & Lee, 2009 		Taiwan Size: Unknown length
2–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10]

Habitat: Forest[27] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[27]

Hilgendorf's tube-nosed bat

Gray bat

M. hilgendorfi
Peters, 1880 		Eastern Asia
Map of range 		Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Caves and forest[28] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[28]

Hutton's tube-nosed bat


M. huttoni
(Peters, 1872)

Two subspecies
  • M. h. huttoni
  • M. h. rubella
Southern and southeastern Asia
Map of range 		Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest[29] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[29]

Jaintia tube-nosed bat


M. jaintiana
Ruedi, Biswas, & Csorba, 2012 		India and Myanmar Size: About 4 cm (2 in), plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail
2–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest[30] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[30]

Little tube-nosed bat


M. aurata
A. Milne-Edwards, 1872 		Southern and eastern Asia Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
2–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest[31] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[31]

Lorelie's tube-nosed bat


M. lorelieae
Eger & Lim, 2011 		Southern China Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest[32] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[32]

Rainforest tube-nosed bat


M. pluvialis
Ruedi, Biswas, & Csorba, 2012 		India Size: About 4 cm (2 in), plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail
about 3 cm (1 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest[33] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[33]

Round-eared tube-nosed bat

Drawing of bat head

M. cyclotis
Dobson, 1872

Three subspecies
  • M. c. cyclotis
  • M. c. eileenae
  • M. c. peninsularis
Southern and southeastern Asia
Map of range 		Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
2–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10]

Habitat: Forest and caves[34] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[34]

Ryukyu tube-nosed bat


M. ryukyuana
Maeda & Matsumura, 1998 		Japan Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest[35] 		 EN 


Unknown Population declining[35]

Scully's tube-nosed bat


M. tubinaris
Scully, 1881 		Central Asia Size: About 5 cm (2 in), plus about 4 cm (2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10]

Habitat: Forest[36] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[36]

Shuipu tube-nosed bat


M. shuipuensis
Eger & Lim, 2011 		Southern China Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Unknown[37] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[37]

Slender tube-nosed bat


M. gracilis
Kuo, Fang, Csorba, & Lee, 2009 		Taiwan Size: Unknown length
2–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[38]

Habitat: Forest[39] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[39]

Taiwan tube-nosed bat


M. puta
Kishida, 1924 		Taiwan Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest[40] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[40]

Ussuri tube-nosed bat

Brown bat

M. ussuriensis
Ogniov, 1913 		Eastern Asia
Map of range 		Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
2–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest and caves[41] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[41]

Walston's tube-nosed bat

Brown bat

M. walstoni
Furey, Csorba, & Son, 2011 		Southeastern Asia
Map of range 		Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
2–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest[42] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[42]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Nowak, pp. 184–186
  2. ^ "Fossilworks: Murina". Paleobiology Database. University of Wisconsin–Madison. Archived from the original on November 26, 2024. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
  3. ^ Wilson, Reeder, pp. 522–524
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, p. 553
  5. ^ a b Csorba, G.; Bumrungsri, S.; Francis, C.; Bates, P.; Rosell-Ambal, R. G. B.; Tabaranza, B.; Heaney, L.; Molur, S.; Srinivasulu, C. (2019). "Harpiocephalus harpia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T99711843A22045367. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T99711843A22045367.en.
  6. ^ a b Kuo, H.; Huang, J. C. -C. (2020). "Harpiola isodon". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136445A21983827. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136445A21983827.en.
  7. ^ a b Csorba, G.; Molur, S.; Srinivasulu, C.; Chakravarty, R. (2016). "Harpiola grisea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T13941A22093890. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13941A22093890.en.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, p. 554
  9. ^ a b Francis, C. M. (2020). "Murina annamitica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T84487907A84487915. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T84487907A84487915.en.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, p. 555
  11. ^ a b Soisook, P. (2017). "Murina balaensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T84487939A84487985. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T84487939A84487985.en.
  12. ^ a b Csorba, G.; Furey, N.; Son, N.; Görföl, T. (2019). "Murina beelzebub". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T84488085A84488093. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T84488085A84488093.en.
  13. ^ a b Lee, L.; Kuo, H. (2017). "Murina bicolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T84488443A84488449. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T84488443A84488449.en.
  14. ^ a b Azhar, M. I.; Rossiter, S. J. (2020). "Murina aenea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T13936A22091750. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T13936A22091750.en.
  15. ^ a b Azhar, M. I.; Rossiter, S. J. (2020). "Murina suilla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T13947A22096800. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T13947A22096800.en.
  16. ^ a b Kruskop, S. V. (2020). "Murina harpioloides". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T84562293A84562296. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T84562293A84562296.en.
  17. ^ a b Wu, Y.; Yu, W. (2020). "Murina fusca". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T13940A22094085. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T13940A22094085.en.
  18. ^ a b Furey, N.; Csorba, G. (2021). "Murina eleryi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T84557696A84557699. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T84557696A84557699.en.
  19. ^ a b Csorba, G. (2020). "Murina feae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T84561002A84561005. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T84561002A84561005.en.
  20. ^ a b Francis, C. M. (2020). "Murina fionae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T84500852A84500855. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T84500852A84500855.en.
  21. ^ a b Pennay, M. (2021). "Murina florium". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T13939A22094567. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T13939A22094567.en.
  22. ^ a b Khan, F. A. A.; Rosli, Q. (2020). "Murina rozendaali". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T13945A22097407. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T13945A22097407.en.
  23. ^ a b Fukui, D.; Sano, A. (2019). "Murina tenebrosa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T13948A22096705. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T13948A22096705.en.
  24. ^ a b Bouillard, N. (2021). "Murina chrysochaetes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T84500863A84500868. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T84500863A84500868.en.
  25. ^ a b Stubbe, M.; Ariunbold, J.; Buuveibaatar, V.; Dorjderem, S.; Monkhzul, T.; Otgonbaatar, M.; Tsogbadrakh, M.; Francis, C. M.; Bates, P. J. J.; Csorba, G. (2016). "Murina leucogaster". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T13943A22093328. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13943A22093328.en.
  26. ^ a b Csorba, G.; Bates, P. J. J.; Francis, C. M. (2016). "Murina harrisoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T99712630A21995130. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T99712630A21995130.en.
  27. ^ a b Lee, L.; Kuo, H. (2017). "Murina recondita". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T84500842A84500845. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T84500842A84500845.en.
  28. ^ a b Fukui, D.; Sano, A.; Kruskop, S. V. (2019). "Murina hilgendorfi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T136409A22017193. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T136409A22017193.en.
  29. ^ a b Csorba, G.; Srinivasulu, B.; Srinivasulu, C. (2019). "Murina huttoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T13942A22093516. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T13942A22093516.en.
  30. ^ a b Ruedi, M.; Csorba, G. (2017). "Murina jaintiana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T84547975A84547978. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T84547975A84547978.en.
  31. ^ a b Yu, W.; Wu, Y. (2020). "Murina aurata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T13937A22095123. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T13937A22095123.en.
  32. ^ a b Yu, W.; Wu, Y. (2020). "Murina lorelieae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T84500876A84500879. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T84500876A84500879.en.
  33. ^ a b Ruedi, M.; Csorba, G. (2017). "Murina pluvialis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T84548064A84548082. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T84548064A84548082.en.
  34. ^ a b Csorba, G.; Bates, P. J. J.; Francis, C. M.; Rosell-Ambal, R. G. B.; Tabaranza, B.; Heaney, L.; Molur, S.; Srinivasulu, C. (2020). "Murina cyclotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T154196798A22094685. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T154196798A22094685.en.
  35. ^ a b Fukui, D.; Sano, A. (2019). "Murina ryukyuana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T29485A22066512. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T29485A22066512.en.
  36. ^ a b Srinivasulu, C.; Srinivasulu, B. (2019). "Murina tubinaris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T84560827A22096188. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T84560827A22096188.en.
  37. ^ a b Yu, W.; Wu, Y. (2020). "Murina shuipuensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T84501698A84501702. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T84501698A84501702.en.
  38. ^ Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, p. 556
  39. ^ a b Lee, L.; Kuo, H. (2017). "Murina gracilis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T84500832A84500835. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T84500832A84500835.en.
  40. ^ a b Huang, J. C. -C.; Lee, Y.; Ho, Y.; Chou, C.; Cheng, H.-C. (2019). "Murina puta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T13944A22093018. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T13944A22093018.en.
  41. ^ a b Fukui, D.; Sano, A.; Kruskop, S. V. (2019). "Murina ussuriensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T84562332A22095832. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T84562332A22095832.en.
  42. ^ a b Csorba, G.; Furey, N.; Görföl, T. (2020). "Murina walstoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T84562267A84562270. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T84562267A84562270.en.

Sources

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