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This is a record of material that was recently featured on the Main Page as part of Did you know (DYK). Recently created new articles, greatly expanded former stub articles and recently promoted good articles are eligible; you can submit them for consideration.

Archives are generally grouped by month of Main Page appearance. (Currently, DYK hooks are archived according to the date and time that they were taken off the Main Page.) To find which archive contains the fact that appeared on Did you know, go to article's talk page and follow the archive link in the DYK talk page message box.

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Did you know...

...that English-born cricketer Arthur Wood (pictured) had to satisfy a five year residency requirement before he was allowed to play with the Philadelphians?
...that the "100,000-year problem" is among the biggest mysteries facing those attempting to reconstruct past climates today?
...that the Hungarian Gold Train was a 1944 Nazi operated freight train that carried stolen Hungarian valuables to Berlin, but never reached its destination?
...that Australian chef Tobie Puttock is the godfather of Daisy Boo Oliver, the youngest daughter of British celebrity chef Jamie Oliver?
...that Pakistani Sufi singer Sain Zahoor (pictured) cut his first record in 2006, was nominated for the BBC World Music awards by word of mouth, and was the winner for the Asia/Pacific region that year?
...that due to the reputation of its founder, Jan Groenveld, the Cult Awareness and Information Centre of Australia became used as a resource in publications on cults soon after its founding?
...that George Hennet built and operated depots on behalf of the South Devon Railway after it was short of money?
...that members of the Lingbao School of Taoism believed their spirits would be refined in heaven after death and then reincarnated on Earth?
...that Moldavia's Prince Grigore Alexandru Ghica (pictured) ordered the abolition of slavery after being shocked by the suicide of a Roma cook?
...that a Hocktide initiation ceremony in Hungerford, England involves a blacksmith driving a nail into the initiate's shoe?
...that Margaret Singer was mandated to attend a PSI Seminars course by a United States federal court order?
...that Russian television implied that Filipp Kirkorov won the Eurovision Song Contest 1995 with "Kolibelnaya Dlya Vulkana" when he in fact only came 17th?
...that British Labour politician Margaret Hodge defeated five challengers in the Parliamentary Barking by-election in 1994, including Conservative Theresa May and UKIP's Gerard Batten?
...that the oldest ornamental water tower in the world is the Louisville Water Tower, which is even older than the famed Chicago Water Tower?
...that the main threat to Pisonia brunoniana (pictured) in New Zealand is cutting by people trying to prevent small songbirds from getting trapped by its very sticky seeds?
...that out of 60 four-star generals in the history of the U.S. Marine Corps, 17 were promoted upon retirement in recognition of combat citations, and one was promoted posthumously?
...that Thurman Tucker did not commit a single error during the Cleveland Indians' 1948 World Series-winning season, finishing with a perfect fielding percentage?
...that former Manitoba MLA John Moore Robinson established the soft fruit industry in British Columbia's Okanagan Valley in the late 1800s, along with the region's first corporate water management system to irrigate it?
...that Edward Manning Bigelow (pictured) is known as the "father of Pittsburgh's parks"?
...that Leo Arnaud is the composer of the well-known Olympic theme "Bugler's Dream?"
...that the nearly neutral theory of molecular evolution explains why the rates of molecular clocks are generally independent of population size?
...that Reginald Hugh Hickling drafted Malaysia's Internal Security Act, but did not expect it to be used against political opponents?
...that Mussolini's Quota 90 fixed the lira exchange rate against the pound sterling at the prevailing rate from five years earlier, when he assumed power?
...that Nazi officer Reiner Stahel commanded the garrison of Warsaw during the uprising of 1944?
...that Oliver Granger was a licenced methodist preacher before becomming an early leader of the Latter Day Saint movement?
...that the Stairs Expedition to Katanga was the winner in a race between two Victorian-era imperial powers to seize a vast mineral-rich territory in central Africa, which it achieved by assassinating the African king Msiri?
...that Dougherty Valley High School will be, upon its opening, the first real-estate developer-built high school in the San Ramon Valley Unified School District?
...that not only did Jim Harrison play for the Ireland cricket team, but so did his three brothers, his brother-in-law, and his nephew?
...that during World War II, Pierre-Marie Cardinal Gerlier asked that religious orders take Jewish children into hiding to avoid Nazi death camps?
...that as a young man, Fang Xuanling correctly predicted the downfall of the Sui Dynasty after the death of Emperor Wen of Sui?
...that Georgia was the home of prehistoric humans more than one and a half million years ago?
...that housetruckers in New Zealand live in old trucks and school buses (pictured) that have been converted into mobile homes?
...that former Boston Red Sox player Matt Young was only the second pitcher to throw a complete game no-hitter and lose, accomplishing the feat against the Cleveland Indians in 1992?
...that the current constitution of Nicaragua, the ninth in the country's history, was the final step in the institutionalization of the Sandinista regime?
...that two of the four known species of the worm-eating shrewlike rats from Luzon Island, Philippines were first described in April, 2007?
...that the Kent Music Report was a weekly table of Australian music singles and albums which was the primary record chart in that market from 1974 to 1988?
...that Monomohun Ghose became the first Indian practicing barrister in 1867?
...that Jan Stanisławski, a Polish modernist painter, had his portrait (pictured) painted by another icon of Polish Modernism, Stanisław Wyspiański?
...that potato tubers grow at the end of stolons?
...that Sir Sassoon Eskell is regarded in Iraq as the Father of Parliament?
...that in one type of trial by ordeal according to Anglo-Saxon law, the accused attempted to establish innocence by swallowing a morsel of bread and cheese, the corsned, without choking?
...that the speed of sound and temperature in the atmosphere can be remotely sensed by bouncing a radar signal off of sound waves in a RASS system?
...that some irregular troops in the Khyber Pass region during World War II were issued Khyber Pass Copy rifles because of concerns they would steal higher-quality ones and desert with them?
...that Vulcana (pictured) was a Welsh strongwoman who traveled the world with her husband, performing as The Atlas and Vulcana Group of Society Athletes?
...that Beatus of Lungern, a first century Christian missionary to Switzerland, is often depicted as a monk fighting a dragon?
...that Edward F. Boyd pioneered the concept of niche marketing in the United States by avoiding ethnic stereotypes in advertising for Pepsi?
...that flora and fauna of the Indian state of Karnataka include a species of ant newly discovered on the campus of the Indian Institute of Science?
...that though no fossil grasses have been discovered, the earliest-known grassland ecosystem, the 30+ million-year-old Tinguiririca fauna of Chile, can be detected through the grazers' teeth?
...that baseball player Jimmy Brown led all St. Louis Cardinals hitters in batting average with .300 en route to their 1942 World Series victory?
...that the Judenplatz Holocaust Memorial (pictured) in Vienna commemorates the 65,000 Austrian Jews who were victims of the Holocaust?
...that Francis Bacon described antiquities as "remnants of history which have casually escaped the shipwreck of time"?
...that during the Hardin County onion pickers strike in 1934, anti-union vigilantes seized control of the town of McGuffey, Ohio, for a day?
...that William Campbell was the first acknowledged discoverer of gold in the Australian state of Victoria in 1850, but kept his discovery secret for fear a gold rush would disrupt his pastoral interests?
...that Richard Polwhele's polemic poem The Unsex'd Females deplored the female pastime of amateur botany due to the impropriety of learning about the reproduction of plants?
...that Jean Balukas (pictured) began her record-setting streak of seven consecutive U.S. Open straight pool championships when only 13 years old?
...that the well-known Parthenon building in Athens replaced an Older Parthenon on the same site?
...that the United Kingdom's most reported UFO incident was observed at RAF West Freugh?
...that Lewis Sperry Chafer was a budding musician at Oberlin College but became a leader in the dispensationalist movement and founded Dallas Theological Seminary?
...that despite his lack of surgical training, Gerónimo Lluberas once successfully removed a foreign object embedded in the cornea of an eight-year-old boy's eye?
...that the 32nd Indiana Monument, currently at Cave Hill National Cemetery in Louisville, Kentucky, is the oldest surviving American Civil War memorial?
...that the first windowed envelope (pictured) was designed in 1901 by Americus Callahan ?
...that Edward Lipiński was one of the most prominent Polish economists of the 20th century?
...that Mongolian barbecue is neither Mongolian nor barbecue but is a restaurant style of stir-frying based on teppanyaki that originated in Taiwan?
...that Triptych, May-June 1973 is the second of Francis Bacon's three "Black Triptychs" painted in commemoration of the suicide of his lover George Dyer?
...that the Oriental Seminary, established in 1829, was the earliest privately run modern school in Kolkata?
...that the AFL-CIO Organizing Institute has trained over 10,000 trade union organizers since its 1989 founding?
...that the first feature film of director Paul Verhoeven is Business Is Business, a 1971 comedy film about two prostitutes in Amsterdam?
...that Australian Broadcasting Corporation cult film reviewer and war correspondent John Hinde (pictured) bequeathed AU$1 million to start a new Australian literary prize?
...that the catfish genus Hemiancistrus currently includes species of two other undescribed genera?
...that the early 1980s recession was the most serious recession in the United States since the Great Depression?
...that plastic surgeons use body shaping to remove large amounts of hanging skin from the bodies of men and women who have lost as much as 35 to 136 kg (100 to 300 pounds)?
...that Elias Zoghby, a Melkite Catholic archbishop, attempted to re-establish communion between the Melkite Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church while maintaining communion with the Roman Catholic Church?
...that baseball player Jack Clements was the first person to catch 1,000 games in Major League Baseball and the last regular catcher to throw left-handed?
...that the precise status of the Florida Maple (Acer barbatum) as an independent species, or a subspecies of Sugar Maple (A. saccharum) is not clear?
...that most of the dogs seen in the 2007 Thai film, Ma-Mha, were strays rescued from shelters and trained specifically for the film?
...hammered oak piles used during the Medieval construction of pile bridges have remained solid for up to 750 years?
...that among people on stamps of Azerbaijan, featured in 1995 are eight female astronauts?
...that Boans, a department store in Perth, Australia, was once the country's largest private employer?
...that the Duquesne Spy Ring consisted of 33 Nazi spies (one pictured) arrested by the FBI in 1941 and sentenced to serve a total of over 300 years in prison in what is the largest spy ring conviction in the history of the United States?
...that although Duraiappah stadium mass grave was unearthed in the northern city of Jaffna, Sri Lanka in April 1999, the 24 victims have not been identified yet?
...that the Chief Justice of Chester presided over a court independent of the rest of the English judiciary until 1830?
...that the phage group was an informal network of biologists centered around Max Delbrück that contributed heavily to the origins of molecular biology?
...that American diplomat and attorney Adrian S. Fisher was a leading negotiator of the earliest international nuclear test ban and non-proliferation treaties?
...that the Rule 184 cellular automaton (examples pictured) can simultaneously model the behavior of cars moving in traffic, the accumulation of particles on a surface, and particle-antiparticle annihilation reactions?
...that Archbishop of Toledo Pedro Segura y Sáenz had to leave the city during the Spanish Civil War, because he denounced the Republican government and extolled monarchy?
...that Dwarkin developed the hand-held harmonium, a western instrument, to make it suitable for use with Indian music?
...that the grey colored Achelous-class landing craft repair ship USS Askari was painted green during the Vietnam War, reflecting her assignment to the brown-water navy?
...that Antonio Ricaurte immolated himself in 1814 to prevent the Spanish Crown from taking over the San Mateo estate in Venezuela?
...that Four Plays in One is a Jacobean stage play by John Fletcher and his collaborators containing four shorter plays written between 1590 and 1607?
...that the Jagiellonian Library (pictured) of Kraków, dating back to the 14th century, is the largest Polish collection of pre-19th century texts?
...that the Calvinist philosopher and New Testament scholar Vern Poythress argues that mathematics is the rhyme of the universe?
...that the travel narrative The Malay Archipelago, by biologist Alfred Russel Wallace, was used by Joseph Conrad as a reference for his novel Lord Jim?
...that Olympic Greco-Roman wrestler Raatbek Sanatbayev was running for President of the National Olympic Committee of Kyrgyzstan, when he was assassinated, as the previous head of the Committee had been?
...that Flamingo, a stabile by Alexander Calder located in Chicago, was the first piece of art commissioned by the General Services Administration under its Percent for Art program?
...that sandwich board-wearing human billboards (pictured) gave rise to the term "sandwich man"?
...that Brazilian indie singer-songwriter CéU was the first international artist chosen for promotion through the Starbucks Hear Music Debut CD series?
...that the non-fiction book Gifts of Deceit described Koreagate, and the United States Congressional investigation of the Unification Church?
...that the regional newspaper of Wagga Wagga, The Daily Advertiser was first published in 1868, making it one of the oldest in Australia?
...that the valleys of the Minnesota and Upper Mississippi Rivers were carved by Glacial River Warren, an enormous river which drained Glacial Lake Agassiz in central North America?
...that sailors and shipowners would refuse to sail when Moll Pitcher (pictured), an eighteenth-century fortune-teller famous throughout New England, predicted disaster?
...that President Bush has indicated he may use the third veto of his Presidency on the Matthew Shepard Act?
...that the world's third largest statue under cover, The Statue of the Republic, is housed in El Capitolio, in Havana?
...that José María Morelos, a mule driver and priest from Michoacán, won 22 straight battles against the Spanish in the Mexican War of Independence?
...that Sir Brian Smedley was named a High Court judge only a few years after overruling Government attempts to keep key evidence secret in the 1992 Matrix Churchill trial?
...that 2007 International Motorsports Hall of Fame inductee Bruton Smith went to bankruptcy court before he became one of the 400 richest Americans?
...that the original version of the Gettysburg Cyclorama (detail pictured), a cylindrical painting of almost 300 feet (91 m) in length, recently sold for an undisclosed amount?
...that Ray Davies of The Kinks began having an identity crisis when people walked up to him singing "Oh yes he is" after "Dedicated Follower Of Fashion" became a hit?
...that the football stadium Nya Gamla Ullevi which is under construction in Gothenburg, Sweden, is only the second Swedish top league stadium built since 1966?
...that the Romanian Skete Prodromos on Mount Athos shelters an icon of Theotokos considered in the Eastern Orthodox world to have been miraculously painted?
...that Jacobean play The Atheist's Tragedy is the only dramatic work recognized by the consensus of modern scholarship as the undisputed work of Cyril Tourneur?
...that Ganendranath Tagore established the Jorasanko Natyasala, a private theatre in his own household, in Kolkata in 1865?