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This is a record of material that was recently featured on the Main Page as part of Did you know (DYK). Recently created new articles, greatly expanded former stub articles and recently promoted good articles are eligible; you can submit them for consideration.

Archives are generally grouped by month of Main Page appearance. (Currently, DYK hooks are archived according to the date and time that they were taken off the Main Page.) To find which archive contains the fact that appeared on Did you know, go to article's talk page and follow the archive link in the DYK talk page message box.

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Did you know...

...that the monks of the Ross Errilly Friary (pictured) in Ireland were evicted six times in the span of 118 years, but kept moving back in?
...that Texas produces the most helium in the United States, all of which is won from the Cliffside gas field near Amarillo?
...that the 144 km long Salso River, named for its saline content, is the longest river in Sicily?
...that the CornerShot is a gun that can shoot around corners?
...that the American Meat Institute and the Federal Meat Inspection Act celebrate their hundredth anniversary this year?
...that The Mystery of Al Capone's Vault was a live television special in which Al Capone's secret vault was opened and shown to only contain a bottle of moonshine?
...that Piotr Włostowic, a 12th century voivode of the Kingdom of Poland, managed to break the alliance between Władysław II the Exile and Rus' princes while blinded, muted and exiled?

...that supernumerary body parts (pictured) can include fingers, toes, and ribs, or in some rare cases, additional sex organs or heads?
...that the Turtle Back Zoo in West Orange, New Jersey, is the only zoo in the world that has a pair of Malaysian "black dragon" monitor lizards on display?
...that the Worek Plan, a submarine operation by the Polish Navy in the early days of the Polish September Campaign, was a failure as the submarines did not manage to sink a single German vessel?
...that the Kiev tram was the first electric tramway in the Russian Empire, and the second one in Europe, after the Berlin Straßenbahn?
...that Saint Gilbert of Dornoch was the last Scot to appear in the Calendar of Saints?
...that the number of Jewish partisans during World War II exceeded 20,000?

Foire du Valais in Martigny, Switzerland

...that cow fighting (pictured), unlike bull fighting, is a sport that does not have human participants but is fought between cows, and that it often does not include any physical contact?
...that Russian composer Boris Sobinov was abducted from the Berlin American Zone by the NKVD and condemned to ten years in prison in the Soviet Union?
...that Wogan Philipps was the only member of the Communist Party of Great Britain to sit in the House of Lords?
...that prior to the 1916 college football season, John R. Bender and Hall-of-Famer Zora G. Clevenger in effect traded jobs as head coach at Kansas State University and the University of Tennessee?
...that Ash Lawn-Highland, the former home of U.S. President James Monroe, has been transformed into a 535-acre working farm, museum, and site for the performing arts?
...that the Chamber of Nationalities is a now-defunct chamber of the bicameral parliament of Myanmar?

... that Operation Dewey Canyon (pictured) was the last major U.S. Marine Corps offensive of the Vietnam War?
...that Yuktibhasa, written by Indian astronomer Jyeshtadeva, is considered to be the first mathematical treatise on calculus?
...that the satirical German radio programme The Gerd Show reached no. 1 in Germany's 2002 Christmas single charts with a parody of "The Ketchup Song" which attacked Gerhard Schröder's tax policies?
...that the River Banksia (Banksia seminuda) was originally considered a subspecies of the Swamp Banksia (Banksia littoralis), as they share many similar characteristics?
...that homes in the Los Angeles neighborhood of Beverly Park average 20,000-30,000 ft², and that the homeowners association requires all dwellings to be larger than 5,000 ft²?
...that the Grodno Sejm of 1793, the last Sejm of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, passed the Second Partition of Poland with deputies bribed or coerced by the Russian Empire's army?

...that one architectural style of 18th-century Spanish Baroque (pictured) was named after a candy made from egg whites and sugar?
... that That Summer Day is the first television drama for children about the bombings of the London public transport system on July 7, 2005?
...that the Florida mangroves are vital to an estimated 75 percent of the game fish and 90 percent of the commercial fish species in South Florida?
...that openly gay novelist Gordon Merrick's book The Lord Won't Mind spent 16 weeks on the New York Times best-seller list in 1970, at a time when most authors would not write about homosexual themes for a mass audience?
...that there is a long history of animals in sport, ranging from common horse racing and fox hunting events to the more unusual rabbit show jumping and camel wrestling competitions?
...that the T-18 tank, first produced in 1928, was the first tank designed and built in the Soviet Union, and that its design was based on the French Renault FT-17 of the First World War?

...that Józef Kossakowski (pictured ), bishop and writer, was one of several prominent Polish politicians sentenced to hanging as traitors in the aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising?
...that the Palmeral of Elche is the largest plantation of palm trees in Europe, with date palms covering over 3.5 square kilometres in and around the Spanish city of Elche?
...that loans made by Seattle brothel-owner Lou Graham saved some of the city's most prestigious families from bankruptcy after the Panic of 1893?
...that composer Veniamin Fleishman was killed early in WWII before he could complete his opera Rothschild's Violin, but that his teacher Dmitri Shostakovich rescued his sketches from besieged Leningrad, and completed the opera?
...that the Directive Principles in India, which are guidelines for the government while framing laws and policies, were inspired by the Irish nationalist movement?

Jules Brunet, former French advisors, and Matsudaira Taro. 1869.

...that in the 1869 Battle of Hakodate in Japan, French soldiers fought side-by-side with rebel samurai against the newly formed Imperial government, in an episode reminiscent of the movie The Last Samurai? (pictured: French and Japanese soldiers)
... that William T. Perkins, Jr., a United States Marine who covered an exploding hand grenade with his body, is the only combat photographer to be awarded the Medal of Honor?
...that the starting point for the History of Australia is usually taken to be the first undisputed sighting of Australia by the Dutch in 1606, although many researchers alleged that other sightings took place a hundred years earlier?
...that administrative law in mainland China has been used unsuccessfully by Chinese dissidents to sue the Communist Party of China?
...that Helene Hayman, Baroness Hayman, elected the first Lord Speaker of the House of Lords in 2006, was the first woman to give birth while serving as a British Member of Parliament in the 1970s, and is reported to have been the first woman to breast feed at the Palace of Westminster?
...that the Esopus Wars led to the creation of the boundaries of Native American lands in 17th century New York?
...that the Polaris Music Prize is awarded annually to the best Canadian album, regardless of genre, sales, or record label?

...that the Cripple Creek miners' strike of 1894 (pictured) is the only time in American history when a governor used the state militia to support rather than suppress a strike?
...that Baskett Slough National Wildlife Refuge supports the largest surviving population of the endangered Fender's blue Butterfly which feeds upon the threatened Kincaid's lupine?
...that Thai boxer Pongsaklek Wonjongkam holds the flyweight division records for fastest knockout (34 seconds) and consecutive title defenses (15)?
...that rainwater tanks may be made from polyethylene, concrete, or galvanised steel, but not from clear plastic, because it would allow in sunlight, leading to algal blooms?
...that the Abbey of Fontenay, near Dijon in France, was founded by Saint Bernard of Clairvaux in 1118 and is one of the oldest and most complete Cistercian abbeys in Europe?