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| ARICNS = | EPE = | KIC = }}

J1433bSIMBADJ143317.78+101122.8b data--> -->

| ra = 10h 56m 38.6313170159s | dec = −22 52 56.081842250° | appmag_v = 16.0[1] }}

|}16h2i0i06a325l9743e0n3068t.spngM7sNgJ8ciq553p1198123671552 -->

A a B b C c Ç ç D d E e Ə ə F f
G g H h I i J j K k L l M m
N n O o Ɵ ɵ P p Q q Ƣ ƣ R r S s
T t U u V v X x Y y Z z Ƶ ƶ

Protoplanetary disks (fallback disks)

[edit]
Pulsar Protoplanetary disk Discovered
4U 0142+61 debris disk 2006
1E 2259+586 candidate debris disk 2009[2]

Disproven planets

[edit]
Pulsar Planet Mass Semimajor axis
(AU) 		Orbital period Announced
Geminga Geminga b 1.7 M🜨 3.3 5.1 years 1997
PSR B1829-10 PSR 1829-10 A 10 M🜨
PSR B1257+12 PSR B1257+12 D[3] 0.0004 M🜨
PSR B1828-10 PSR B1828-10 A 3 M🜨 0.93 384.3649 days 1992
PSR B1828-10 B 12 M🜨 1.32 493.077375 days 1992
PSR B1828-10 C 8 M🜨 ? ? 1992
PSR B0329+54 PSR B0329+54A 0.3 M🜨
PSR B0329+54B 2.2±0.002 M🜨
  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference MNRAS4-022 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Kaplan, David L.; Chakrabarty, Deepto; Wang, Zhongxiang; Wachter, Stefanie (July 2009). "A Mid-Infrared Counterpart to the Magnetar 1E 2259+586". Astrophysical Journal. 700 (1): 149–154. arXiv:0906.1604. Bibcode:2009ApJ...700..149K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/700/1/149. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 9937378.
  3. ^ Wolszczan, Alex (January 2012). "Discovery of pulsar planets". New Astronomy Reviews. 56 (1). Elsevier: 2–8. Bibcode:2012NewAR..56....2W. doi:10.1016/j.newar.2011.06.002.

e

[edit]
A a

[a]

B b

[b]

C c

[t͡sʰ]

C' c'

[t͡sʼ]

C° c°/Cw cw

[t͡ɕʷ]

C'° c'°/C'w c'w

[t͡ɕʷ’]

Č č

[t͡ʃʰ]

Č' č'

[t͡ʃʼ]

C̆ c̆

[t͡ʂʰ]

C̆' c̆'

[t͡ʂʼ]

D d

[d]

D° d°/Dw dw

[dʷ]

Dz dz

[d͡z]

Dz° dz°/Dzw dzw

[d͡ʑʷ]

Dž dž

[d͡ʐ]

Dzh dzh

[d͡ʒ]

E e

[e̞/aj/ja]

F f

[f]

G g

[ɡ]

Ǵ ǵ

[ɡʲ]

G° g°/Gw gw

[ɡʷ]

Ğ ğ

[ʁ]

Ğ́ ğ́

[ʁʲ]

Ğ° ğ°/Ğw ğw

[ʁʷ]

H h

[χ]

H́ h́

[χʲ]

H° h°/Hw hw

[χʷ]

ħ

[ħ]

° ħ°

[ħʷ]

I i

[i]

J j

[jə/əj]

K k

[kʰ]

Ḱ ḱ

[kʰʲ]

K° k°/Kw kw

[kʷʰ]

K' k'

[kʼ]

Ḱ' ḱ'

[kʼʲ]

К'° k'°/K'w k'w

[kʼʷ]

L l

[l]

M m

[m]

N n

[n]

O o

[o̞/aw/wa]

P p

[pʰ]

P' p'

[pʼ]

Q' q'

[qʼ]

Q́' q́'

[qʼʲ]

Q'° q'°/Q'w q'w

[qʼʷ]

R r

[r]

S s

[s]

Š š

[ʂ]

Š° š°/Šw šw

[ʃʷ]

Sh sh

[ʃ]

T t

[tʰ]

T° t°/Tw tw

[tʷʰ]

T' t'

[tʼ]

T'° t'°/T'w t'w

[tʼʷ]

U u

[u]

W w

[wə/əw]

Ɥ ɥ

[ɥ/ɥˤ]

V v

[v]

Y y

[ə]

Z z

[z]

Ž ž

[ʐ]

Zh zh

[ʒ]

Ž° ž°/Žw žw

[ʒʷ]

(◌́)

[ʲ]

(°/w)

[ʷ]

-->-->

additional latin

[edit]

|-

! colspan="26" |

Additional Latin letters

|-
|style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Æ æ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ɑ ɑ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ʌ ʌ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ꞵ ꞵ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ð ð |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ɛ ɛ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ə ə |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ǝ ə |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ɣ ɣ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ɩ ɩ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ɥ ɥ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |λ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ŋ ŋ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Œ œ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ɔ ɔ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |ɤ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Kʼ ĸ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ʀ ʀ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |ẞ ß |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ʃ ʃ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ɯ ɯ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ʊ ʊ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ꞷ ꞷ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ʋ ʋ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |ϴ θ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ʒ ʒ |-
|style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ƹ ƹ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Þ þ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ȣ ȣ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ꭓ ꭓ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |Ɂ ʔ ɂ |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" | |style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;" |

2

[edit]

etnos

[edit]
Orbits of 2013 AZ60, 1996 PW, (87269) 2000 OO67, 2002 RN109, 474640 Alicanto, 2005 VX3, (308933) 2006 SQ372, 2007 DA61, (523622) 2007 TG422, (418993) 2009 MS9, 2010 BK118, 2010 GB174, (336756) 2010 NV1, 2011 OR17, 2012 DR30, 2012 VP113, 2013 BL76, 2013 FT28, 2013 GW141, 2013 RA109, 2013 RF98, 2013 SY99, 2014 FE72, 2014 GR53, (523719) 2014 LM28, 2015 BP519, (472651) 2015 DB216, 2015 FK37, 2015 GT50, 2015 KG163, 2015 RX245, 2017 MB7, 2018 MP8, 2020 YR3 541132 Leleākūhonua, 90377 Sedna and the hypothetical "Planet Nine".[1]

Objets transneptuniens extrêmes


Tumʔi language

[edit]
Tumʔi
Native toSouth Africa
RegionPrieska
Native speakers
3 (2020)
unclassified (Khoe-Kwadi? Tuu?)
  • Tumʔi
Language codes
ISO 639-3–
GlottologNone

hottentots taal (formerly)

[2]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ I︠A︡rt︠s︡eva, V. N.; Volodin, A. P.; Institut i︠a︡zykoznanii︠a︡ (Rossiĭskai︠a︡ akademii︠a︡ nauk), eds. (1997). I︠A︡zyki mira. Paleoaziatskie i︠a︡zyki (PDF). Moskva: Indrik. ISBN 978-5-85759-046-1.
  2. ^ Killian, Kelly (January 2020). TumɁi: A Phonetic & Phonological Analysis of a Khoisan Variety (Master thesis thesis). University of Calgary.

Tuha language

[edit]
Tuha
Uighur Uryangkhai, Khövsgöl Uryangkhay
Tuha
Pronunciation[tuʰha]
Native toMongolia
RegionTsagaan-Üür, Khövsgöl
Ethnicity600 Tuha
Native speakers
<10 (2019)
Turkic
Language codes
ISO 639-3None (mis)
ELPTuha
Khövsgöl Uryangkhay is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger[1]

Tuha, also called Uighur Uryangkhai and Khövsgöl Uryangkhay, is a moribund variety of Tofa[2] or an independent language[3] spoken in northern Mongolia by less than 10 people.[2][4]


It ias preserved archaic features lost elsewhere in Sayan Turkic.[4]

  1. ^ UNESCO Interactive Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger Archived 22 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ a b Ragagnin, Elisabetta. "A rediscovered low-land Tofan variety. Turkic Languages 13, 225-245". Turkic Languages.
  3. ^ Eriksson, Tom. On the Phonology and Morphology of the Taiga-Sayan Tuha Language. The 4th International Turkish Research Symposium.
  4. ^ a b "A preliminary archive of language and cultural material from the Tuhan people of northern Mongolia | Endangered Languages Archive". www.elararchive.org. Retrieved 2024-07-05.


Koibalkyshtym language

[edit]
Koibalkyshtym
Koibal
Native toRussia
Regionupper Yenisey
EthnicityKoibal(kyshtym)
Extinctearly 18th century
Dené–Yeniseian?
Language codes
ISO 639-3zkb Koibal (retired)
zkb
GlottologNone

The Koibalkyshtym language is an extinct Yeniseian language spoken by the Koibalkyshtym people, a subdivision of the Koibal people. It is believed to have gone extinct after the early 18th century, when many Yeniseian languages were documented.[1]

Northern Dargwa language

[edit]
Northern Dargwa
дарган мез (literary Dargwa)
Native toRussia
RegionDagestan
EthnicityDargwa people
Native speakers
133,000 in traditional areas (2010)
Northeast Caucasian
  • Dargin
    • North-Central
      • Northern Dargwa
Standard forms
Dialects
Cyrillic
Language codes
ISO 639-2dar (literary Dargwa only)
ISO 639-3dar (literary Dargwa only)
Glottolognucl1774  Nuclear North Dargwa
  Northern Dargwa

Northern Dargwa is a Dargin language, sometimes referred to as a language family,[2] spoken by over 133,000 people[3] in south-central Dagestan. The standard written variety of the language is based on the Aqusha and Urakhi dialects of it, and is not mutually intelligible with other varieties.[4]

Classification

[edit]

The Northern Dargwa language is the largest member of the north-central group of the Dargin languages.

Dialects

[edit]

The dialects of Northern Dargwa are Aqusha, Urakhi, Upper Mulebki, Murego-Gubden, Mugi, and Kadar.

Phonology

[edit]
Main articles: Dargwa language § Phonology, and Dargin languages § Phonology

Grammar

[edit]
Main article: Dargwa language § Grammar

Orthography

[edit]
Main article: Dargin writing

The following orthography is that of the literary variety based on Aqusha and Urakhi.

А а Б б В в Г г Гъ гъ Гь гь Гӏ гӏ Д д Е е Ё ё Ж ж З з
И и Й й К к Къ къ Кь кь Кӏ кӏ Л л М м Н н О о П п Пӏ пӏ
Р р С с Т т Тӏ тӏ У у Ф ф Х х Хъ хъ Хь хь Хӏ хӏ Ц ц Цӏ цӏ
Ч ч Чӏ чӏ Ш ш Щ щ Ъ ъ Ы ы Ь ь Э э Ю ю Я я

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "[.m] masterhost - профессиональный хостинг сайтаwww.philology.ru". www.philology.ru. Retrieved 2024-10-27.
  2. ^ Kori︠a︡kov, I︠U︡ B. (2006). Atlas kavkazskikh i︠a︡zykov: s prilozheniem polnogo reestra i︠a︡zykov Атлас кавказских языков (in Russian). Institut i︠a︡zykoznanii︠a︡ (Rossiĭskai︠a︡ akademii︠a︡ nauk). Moskva: Piligrim. ISBN 978-5-9900772-1-8.
  3. ^ Koryakov, Yuri (2021-01-01). "Коряков (2021) Даргинские языки и их классификация [Dargwa languages and their classification]". Дурхъаси хазна. Сборник статей к 60-летию Р. О. Муталова / Ред. Т. А. Майсак, Н. Р. Сумбатова, Я. Г. Тестелец. М.: Буки Веди, 2021. — 480 с. — ISBN 978-5-6045633-5-9.
  4. ^ "Languages". DOBES. Retrieved 2024-08-22.
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