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Help:IPA/Tibetan

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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Standard Tibetan pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

IPA Tibetan English approximation
Consonants
b bog ([p] on a low tone)
c ཀྱ skew
ཁྱ གྱ cute
ɕ ཞ ཤ sheep
d dog ([t] on a low tone)
ɖ ~ ɖʐ གྲ draw ([ʈ]~[ʈʂ] on a low tone)
dz adz ([ts] on a low tone)
jeep ([tɕ] on a low tone)
ɡ gone ([k] on a low tone)
h head
j yes
ɟ གྱ argue ([c] on a low tone)
k scat
ཁ ག cat
l leap
ལྷ (voiceless l, like hl)
m moon
n noon
ɲ canyon
ŋ song
p spin
ཕ བ pin
ɹ the r in drink
ɹ̥ རྷ (voiceless r, like hr)
s ཟ ས song
ʂ ཧྲ like first part of shrew [ʂɹu]
t stop
ད ཐ top
ʈ ~ ʈʂ ཀྲ stream
ʈʰ ~ ʈʂʰ ཁྲ གྲ track
beach
tɕʰ ཇ ཆ cheer
ts cats
tsʰ ཛ ཚ tsunami
w water
z zoo ([s] on a low tone)
ʑ genre ([ɕ] on a low tone)
ʔ oh-oh!
ʎ ལྱ Spanish castilla
ɥ ཝཡ French huit (Between yet and wet)
ç ཧྱ similarly huge
IPA Tibetan English approximation
Vowels
a between fat and father
e ཨེ day
ɛ bed
i ཨི see
ɪ ཨི sit
o ཨོ story
ø ཨོ RP rural
ɔ ཨོ off
œ ཨོ furry
u ཨུ cool
ʊ ཨུ good
y ཨུ roughly like root (some dialects)[1]; French tu, German über
ʏ ཨུ like sit but with the lips rounded; German fünf
◌̃ nasal vowel
Tones
IPA Description
high level: si˥
high falling: si˥˧
low rising: si˩˧
low level: si˩

Notes

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  1. ^ These dialects include modern Received Pronunciation and most forms of English English (with some exceptions such as Yorkshire), Australian, New Zealand, White South African, Scottish, Ulster, Southern American, Midland American, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Western Pennsylvania and California English. Other dialects of English, such as Northern American, New York City, New England, African American Vernacular, Welsh and Republic of Ireland English, have no close equiavalent vowel.

See also

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