Portal:Vietnam

Welcome to the Vietnam portal / Chào mừng bạn đến với Cổng thông tin Việt Nam

Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about 331,000 square kilometres (128,000 sq mi) and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's fifteenth-most populous country. One of the two Marxist–Leninist states in Southeast Asia, Vietnam shares land borders with China to the north, and Laos and Cambodia to the west. It shares maritime borders with Thailand through the Gulf of Thailand, and the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia through the South China Sea. Its capital is Hanoi and its largest city is Ho Chi Minh City (commonly known as Saigon).

Vietnam was inhabited by the Paleolithic age, with states established in the first millennium BC on the Red River Delta in modern-day northern Vietnam. The Han dynasty annexed Northern and Central Vietnam, which were subsequently under Chinese rule from 111 BC until the first dynasty emerged in 939. Successive monarchical dynasties absorbed Chinese influences through Confucianism and Buddhism, and expanded southward to the Mekong Delta, conquering Champa. During most of the 17th and 18th centuries, Vietnam was effectively divided into two domains of Đàng Trong and Đàng Ngoài. The Nguyễn—the last imperial dynasty—surrendered to France in 1883. In 1887, its territory was integrated into French Indochina as three separate regions. In the immediate aftermath of World War II, the nationalist coalition Viet Minh, led by the communist revolutionary Ho Chi Minh, launched the August Revolution and declared Vietnam's independence from the Empire of Japan in 1945.

Vietnam went through prolonged warfare in the 20th century. After World War II, France returned to reclaim colonial power in the First Indochina War, from which Vietnam emerged victorious in 1954. As a result of the treaties signed between the Viet Minh and France, Vietnam was also separated into two parts. The Vietnam War began shortly after, between the communist North Vietnam, supported by the Soviet Union and China, and the anti-communist South Vietnam, supported by the United States. Upon the North Vietnamese victory in 1975, Vietnam reunified as a unitary socialist state under the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) in 1976. An ineffective planned economy, a trade embargo by the West, and wars with Cambodia and China crippled the country further. In 1986, the CPV initiated economic and political reforms similar to the Chinese economic reform, transforming the country to a socialist-oriented market economy. The reforms facilitated Vietnamese reintegration into the global economy and politics.

Vietnam is a developing country with a lower-middle-income economy. It has high levels of corruption, censorship, environmental issues and a poor human rights record. It is part of international and intergovernmental institutions including the ASEAN, the APEC, the CPTPP, the Non-Aligned Movement, the OIF, and the WTO. It has assumed a seat on the United Nations Security Council twice. (Full article...)

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Operation Passage to Freedom was a term used by the United States Navy to describe the propaganda effort and the assistance in transporting in 310,000 Vietnamese civilians, soldiers and non-Vietnamese members of the French Army from communist North Vietnam (the Democratic Republic of Vietnam) to non-communist South Vietnam (the State of Vietnam, later to become the Republic of Vietnam) between the years 1954 and 1955. The French and other countries may have transported a further 500,000. In the wake of the French defeat at the Battle of Dien Bien Phu, the Geneva Accords of 1954 decided the fate of French Indochina after eight years of war between the French Union forces and the Viet Minh, which fought for Vietnamese independence under communist rule. The accords resulted in the partition of Vietnam at the 17th parallel north, with Ho Chi Minh's communist Viet Minh in control of the north and the French-backed State of Vietnam in the south. The agreements allowed a 300-day period of grace, ending on May 18, 1955, in which people could move freely between the two Vietnams before the border was sealed. The partition was intended to be temporary, pending elections in 1956 to reunify the country under a national government. Between 600,000 and one million people moved south, including more than 200,000 French citizens and soldiers in the French army while between 14,000 and 45,000 civilians and approximately 100,000 Viet Minh fighters moved in the opposite direction.

The 1954–1955 Great Migration of Northerners was facilitated primarily by the French Air Force and Navy. American naval vessels supplemented the French in evacuating northerners to Saigon, the southern capital. The operation was accompanied by a large humanitarian relief effort, bankrolled mainly by the United States government in an attempt to absorb a large tent city of refugees that had sprung up outside Saigon. For the US, the migration was a public relations coup, generating wide coverage of the flight of Vietnamese from the perceived oppression of communism to the "free world" in the south. The period was marked by a Central Intelligence Agency-backed propaganda campaign on behalf of South Vietnam's Roman Catholic Prime Minister Ngo Dinh Diem. The campaign was usually viewed to exhort Catholics to flee "impending religious persecution" under communism, and around 60% of the north's 1.14 million Catholics immigrated. The Viet Minh also tried to forcefully prevent would-be refugees from leaving, especially in rural areas where there were no French or American military forces. (Full article...)

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Image 1The painting depicts the retired emperor Trần Nhân Tông who has now become a monk and returned to Hanoi from his hermitage in Vũ Lâm.
Image 2Imperial City of Huế, recognized as a UNESCO Heritage site in 1993, was the former capital of Vietnam under the Nguyễn dynasty.
Image 3Wooden doors in the Imperial palace in Huế‎, Vietnam
Image 4A view of Mường Thanh Valley from Dien Bien Phu city, Vietnam
Image 5The train station at Da Lat
Image 6Thích Quảng Đức's self-immolation during the Buddhist crisis in Vietnam.
Image 7Dong Ho painting is a line of Vietnamese folk painting originating in Đông Hồ village (Song Hồ commune, Thuận Thành District, Bắc Ninh Province.
Image 8Hanging fishing nets in the Cu Đê River, just before it merges with Da Nang Bay
Image 9The sunset over Hanoi, after a rain
Image 10View of Ho Chi Minh City from Bitexco Financial Tower, Vietnam
Image 11The gate to Linh Ung Pagoda at Sơn Trà District, Da Nang, Vietnam
Image 12Making salt by evaporation of sea water near Ninh Hòa town, Khánh Hòa Province Vietnam
Image 13Hồ Chí Minh attended French Communist Congress in Marseilles in 1921 under the name Nguyễn Ái Quốc.
Image 14Water puppetry, lit. "Making puppets dance on water") is a tradition that dates back as far as the 11th century when it originated in the villages of the Red River Delta area of northern Vietnam.

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... that Nothgottes, a pilgrimage destination in the Rheingau since the 14th century, is a monastery of Cistercians from Vietnam?
... that the statue of Trần Hưng Đạo in Mê Linh Square was erected by the South Vietnamese Navy, who regarded him as a patron saint?
... that Australian communist Harry Stein was personally invited by Prime Minister Nguyễn Cao Kỳ to tour South Vietnam?
... that fourteenth-century Buddhist monk Tuệ Tĩnh is referred to as a founding father of traditional Vietnamese medicine?
... that "Arnold's Christmas", now considered one of the most memorable episodes from the animated series Hey Arnold!, was almost rejected by network executives because it depicted the Vietnam War?
... that a U.S. soldier who killed a Vietnamese woman after raping her was dubbed a "double veteran"?

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The following are images from various Vietnam-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Empress Nam Phương wearing áo nhật bình and khăn vành dây (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 2Vietnamese statues depicting the traditional practice of teeth blackening (nhuộm răng đen) (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 3Silk painting of Trịnh Đình Kiên (1715-1786) in the 18th century, exhibited in Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 4Traditionally, people wore white clothes along with white turbans during funerals. Vietnamese officials Hồ Đắc Trung, Tôn Thất Hân, Nguyễn Hữu Bài and Đoàn Đình Duyệt depicted during the funeral of emperor Khải Định. (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 5A lantern procession during Tết Trung Thu in Vietnam, which is also celebrated as "Children's Festival". (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 6Vietnam map of Köppen climate classification (from Geography of Vietnam)
Image 719th-century manuscript of "Mysterious tales of the Southern Realm" (Lĩnh Nam chích quái), a copy of 15th-century original tale. (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 8Ceremonial procession of Thành hoàng, 19th century (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 9Vietnamese New Year in Châu Đốc, Vietnam. (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 10Hanoi's One Pillar Pagoda, a historic Buddhist temple (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 11Ba tầm hat, a popular type of women's hat in northern Vietnam (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 12A Kinh Vietnamese woman with blackened teeth. (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 13A trio of Vietnamese musicians performing together. The man on the far left plays kèn đám ma, the man in the middle plays the đàn nhị and the man on the right plays the trống chầu. (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 14Water puppet theatre in Hanoi (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 15Portrait of Nguyễn Quý Đức (1648-1720) wearing áo giao lĩnh (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 16Court attires of Nguyễn Dynasty (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 17Vietnamese calligraphy depicting people on a boat, the calligraphy says, "Thuyền nhân" (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 18Typical Đông Hồ folk woodblock print of a carp (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 19Vietnamese painting depicting a funeral during the Nguyễn dynasty (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 20Handwritten Vietnamese (from Culture of Vietnam)

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Vietnam News

Wikinews Vietnam portal

21 October 2024 –: The National Assembly of Vietnam appoints army general Lương Cường as the country's president, succeeding Communist Party General Secretary Tô Lâm. (VOA) (AP) (VnExpress)
17 October 2024 –: A court in Vietnam sentences tycoon Trương Mỹ Lan to life in prison for fraud, in addition to a death sentence that Lan received in April for embezzlement. (Radio Free Asia)
13 September 2024 – 2024 Pacific typhoon season: The death toll from Typhoon Yagi in northern Vietnam increases to 233 people, with more than 820 others injured, and 103 people still missing. (AP)
11 September 2024 – 2024 Pacific typhoon season: The death toll from Typhoon Yagi in northern Vietnam increases to 179 people, with 145 others still missing. The majority of the victims were killed by floods and landslides in Lào Cai, Yên Bái, and Cao Bằng provinces. (AP) (Al Jazeera)
9 September 2024 – 2024 Pacific typhoon season: The death toll from Typhoon Yagi in northern Vietnam increases to more than 64 people, with 24 others still missing. (Al Jazeera) (AP News)
7 September 2024 – 2024 Pacific typhoon season: Four people are killed and at least 78 people are injured by Typhoon Yagi in Hải Dương and Quảng Ninh province, Vietnam, as it makes landfall in Hanoi. (BBC News)

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WikiProject Vietnam

WikiProject Countries
- WikiProject Southeast Asia
  - WikiProject Vietnam

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Vietnamese Wikipedia

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Things you can do

In rough order of importance, by type of task.

Tagging and assessment

Tag the talk pages of all Vietnam-related articles that are not already tagged with {{WPVN}}.
Assess all of our unknown-quality and unknown-importance articles.

Article improvement

Expand and improve our Top-importance Vietnam articles, especially those that are rated Start-class or Stub-class.
Add references to Vietnam-related BLPs that lack them.
Improve the articles in our cleanup listing (some of these have been tagged since 2006).
Standardize and improve the articles on Vietnam's regions, provinces, districts and populated places (some are just one sentence).
Translate, create or expand articles listed under Requested articles.
Take care of requests at Category:Wikipedia requested maps in Vietnam (474 as of October 2012).
Take care of requests at Category:Wikipedia requested photographs in Vietnam (461 as of October 2012).
Expand and improve the articles on all 54 officially recognized ethnic groups in Vietnam.
Determine and add etymologies of the district names for each district listed at Category:Districts of Vietnam.