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Hanoi Metro Line 3

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Line 3
Hanoi Metro Line 3
View of the metro line at Chùa Hà station
Overview
Native nameTuyến số 3
StatusCompleted (elevated section), 43.25% under construction (underground) as of August 8th 2024
OwnerVietnam Railways
Line number3
Termini
StationsPhase 1 (Nhon - Hanoi Station): 8 (current)[3]
Websitehanoimetro.net.vn
Service
TypeRapid transit
SystemHanoi Metro
Operator(s)Hanoi Metro Company (HMC)
Depot(s)Nhổn Depot
Rolling stock10 4-carriage Alstom Metropolis trains (40 carriages)[4]
Ridership8,600 passengers/hour/direction
History
Planned openingLate 2027 (entire route - Phase 1)
2028 (Hanoi - Hoàng Mai)
Opened8 August 2024; 3 months ago (2024-08-08) (elevated section) [5]
Technical
Line lengthPhase 1: 12.5 km (7.8 mi)
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
ElectrificationThird rail, 750 V DC
Operating speed35 km/h (22 mph)
80 km/h (50 mph) maximum [6]
Route map

Legend
Nhổn depot
T3-S01
 Nhổn
T3-S02
 Minh Khai
T3-S03
 Phú Diễn
Bắc Hồng–Văn Điển railway
Nhuệ River
T3-S04
 Cầu Diễn
T3-S05
 Lê Đức Thọ
Ringway 3
T3-S06
 National University
T3-S07
 Chùa Hà
Tô Lịch River
Ringway 2
T3-S08
 Cầu Giấy
T3-S09
 Kim Mã
Left arrow Yên Nghĩa
Hanoi Metro Line 2A
T3-S10
 Cát Linh
T3-S11
 Văn Miếu
Left arrow North–South railway
Hanoi–Đồng Đăng railway Right arrow
T3-S12
 Hà Nội
Left arrow Ngọc Hồi – Yên Viên Right arrow
Hanoi Metro Line 1
This diagram:

Hanoi Metro Line 3, also known as the Văn Miếu Line, is a medium-capacity rapid transit service of the Hanoi Metro network, operated by Hanoi Metro Company. Colored dark red on transit maps, the line currently runs from Nhổn, a suburb in Bắc Từ Liêm District, west of city center, to its current terminus in Cầu Giấy Bus Interchange, located in Cầu Giấy district. When fully operational, the line will continue eastbound toward Hanoi Station, providing a direct connection to downtown Hanoi and the city's main railway station. The line operates between 5.30 am and 10pm, with headways of 6 minutes during peak hours (7 am - 8.30 am and 4.30 pm to 6pm), and 10 minutes during off-peak hours. All trains on Line 3 operate with a 4-cars formation.

This line was the first to be built in Hanoi Metro network, starting construction in September 2010 with a expected completion date in late 2016, with a budget of 18 trillion VND[7] (1 billion USD in 2010) However, the project was plagued with delays and budget overrun, total about 34.532 trillion VND (1.46 billion USD) in 2022.

The line is divided into three segments: The first segment, which runs from Nhổn to Hanoi Station. This segment is 12.5 km long, consists of 12 stations in total,[8] with the first 8.5 km (between Nhổn and Cầu Giấy) running elevated, while the last 4 km (between Cầu Giấy) and Hanoi Station running underground. In addition, there have been plans for a southern extension (second segment), which will run from Hanoi Station to southern district of Hoàng Mai, and a northern extension (third segment) toward Sơn Tây. [9]Currently, only the elevated phase of first segment (between Nhổn and Cầu Giấy) is operational. About 20% of Hanoi's population in 6 districts Ba Đình, Cầu Giấy, Đống Đa, Hoàn Kiếm, Nam Từ Liêm and Bắc Từ Liêm can benefit from this line.

History

[edit]

Initial developments

[edit]
Further information: Hanoi Metro

Line 3 dated back to 1998, when the Vietnamese government approved the 2020 vision Master Plan, which prioritise the building of a rail transit system, with a target to build 5 metro lines. Line 3 was among one of the original line considered in the master plan. [10]

Two separate preliminary feasibility studies was conducted in 2004 and 2005 with the help of the Asian Development Bank to determine the viability of Line 3.[11]

Four options were originally considered:

  1. An elevated metro line running from Nhổn depot to Swedish Embassy on Kim Mã Avenue, then running underground to Hanoi Station;
  2. An at-grade tramway section between Nhổn and Ringway 3, then an elevated line to Swedish Embassy on Kim Mã Avenue, then running underground to Hanoi Station;
  3. Similar to option 2, but the at-grade tramway would be converted to a dedicated metro line;
  4. An at-grade tramway section between Nhổn and to Swedish Embassy on Kim Mã Avenue, then running underground to Hanoi Station.

Out of all options, options 2 and 3 were eliminated from further consideration due to congestion and performance issues associated with a mixed circulation tramway system. Option 4 was discounted from further consideration because even though it involved a system operating on a partially dedicated route, significant adverse changes to traffic management were required, particularly at intersections and pedestrian crossings and it would have resulted in reduced operating efficiencies and travel times. As a result, option 1, which was forecasted to carry up to 458,000 people daily,[12] was selected as the preferred option.[13]

The name and location of stations were finalized in the 2009 Final Feasibility Study. Based on this study, fifteen stations were reduced to 12 stations, 8 elevated and 4 underground. A twin bored tunnel concept using tunnel boring machines (TBM) was selected to tunnel 15 to 8 m underground and to utilize the centerline of existing surface roads. Two underground stations, Cát Linh and Văn Miếu, were relocated one block eastward to avoid cultural significant sites. [13]

Budget

[edit]

Beside 276 million euros from the Hanoi city's budget, the project also receives 726 million euros from the four donors - the French government (DGT), French Development Agency (AFD), Asian Development Bank (ADB),[14] and European Investment Bank (EIB).

Construction progress

[edit]

Implementation of the project is delayed by four years compared to the original schedule with completion expected in 2021. As of March 2017, the project has achieved 30% physical progress over the elapsed project life of 9 years. However, the project completion is expected to be delayed to 2027.[15] [16] [17] [18] [19]

Route

[edit]
Elevated section passing over Xuan Thuy road. Visible from left to right are: Chùa Hà, National University, Lê Đức Thọ stations.

Line 3: Nhổn - Hanoi Station section starts from Nhổn - to National Highway 32 - Cầu Diễn - Mai Dịch - Ring road 3 intersection - Cầu Giấy (ring road 2 intersection) - Kim Mã - Giang Vo - Cát Linh - Quốc Tử Giám and ends at Tran Hung Dao Street, in front of Hanoi Station.

Stations

[edit]

Phase 1

[edit]

The 1st phase of Line 3 has 12 stations including 8 elevated stations (Nhổn, Minh Khai, Phú Diễn, Cầu Diễn, Lê Đức Thọ, Vietnam National University, Chùa Hà, Cầu Giấy) and 4 underground stations (Kim Mã, Cát Linh, Văn Miếu, Hanoi Station), with concourse level, elevators and lifts. The railway platform is 109 m long.

Station
symbol 		Station name Metro transfers Distance between stations Total distance Location
English Vietnamese District Ward
T3S01 Nhon[20][21][22][23] Nhổn Hanoi Metro Line 7 (planned) 0 km (0 mi) 0 km
(0 mi) 		Bắc Từ Liêm Minh Khai
T3S02 Minh Khai Minh Khai[24][25][26][27] 1.129 km (0.702 mi) 1.129 km
(0.702 mi)
T3S03 Phu Dien[28][29][30][31][32][33] Phú Diễn Hanoi Metro Line 6 Hanoi Metro Line 8 (planned) 1.174 km (0.729 mi) 2.303 km
(1.431 mi) 		Phúc Diễn
T3S04 Cau Dien[34] [35][36][37][38] Cầu Diễn 0.831 km (0.516 mi) 3.134 km
(1.947 mi) 		Nam Từ Liêm Cầu Diễn
T3S05 Le Duc Tho[39][40][41][42][43] Lê Đức Thọ 1.125 km (0.699 mi) 4.259 km
(2.646 mi) 		Cầu Giấy Mai Dịch
T3S06 National University[44][45][46][47][48] Đại học Quốc Gia Hanoi Metro Line 8 (planned) 1.03 km (0.64 mi) 5.289 km
(3.286 mi) 		Dịch Vọng Hậu
T3S07 Chua Ha[49][50][51][52][53] Chùa Hà Hanoi Metro Line 4 (planned) 1.225 km (0.761 mi) 6.514 km
(4.048 mi) 		Dịch Vọng
T3S08 Cau Giay Cầu Giấy 1.165 km (0.724 mi) 7.679 km
(4.772 mi) 		Ba Đình Ngọc Khánh
T3S09 Kim Ma[54][55][56][57] Kim Mã Hanoi Metro Line 5 (planned) 1.198 km (0.744 mi) 8.877 km
(5.516 mi)
T3S10 Cat Linh Cát Linh Hanoi Metro Line 2A 1.52 km (0.94 mi) 10.397 km
(6.460 mi) 		Đống Đa Cát Linh
T3S11 Van Mieu[58] Văn Miếu 0.871 km (0.541 mi) 11.268 km
(7.002 mi) 		Quốc Tử Giám
T3S12 Ha Noi Hà Nội Hanoi Metro Line 1 (planned) 0.701 km (0.436 mi) 11.969 km
(7.437 mi) 		Hoàn Kiếm Cửa Nam

[59]

  • Cau Giay station
    Cau Giay station
  • Chua Ha station
    Chua Ha station
  • Lê Đức Thọ station
    Lê Đức Thọ station
  • Vietnam National University station
    Vietnam National University station
  • Nhổn Station
    Nhổn Station

Phase 2

[edit]

The 2nd phase of Line 3 will have 7 more stations (Hàng Bài, Trần Thánh Tông, Kim Ngưu, Mai Động, Tân Mai, Tam Trinh, Yên Sở) all being completely underground with 1 depot located near Yên Sở Pumping Station. This section is 8786 m long (8.13 km underground, the remaining is for tunnel and on ground)

Station
symbol 		Station name Metro transfers Distance between stations Total distance from S01 Location
English Vietnamese District Ward
T3S13 Hang Bai Hàng Bài Hanoi Metro Line 2 (connects with Trần Hưng Đạo)
(planned) 		0.657 km (0.408 mi) 12.626 km
(7.845 mi) 		Hoàn Kiếm Hàng Bài
T3S14 Tran Thanh Tong Trần Thánh Tông 1.232 km (0.766 mi) 13.858 km
(8.611 mi) 		Hai Bà Trưng Phạm Đình Hổ
T3S15 Kim Nguu Kim Ngưu 0.981 km (0.610 mi) 14.839 km
(9.221 mi) 		Thanh Lương
T3S16 Mai Dong Mai Động 1.193 km (0.741 mi) 16.032 km
(9.962 mi) 		Hoàng Mai Mai Động
T3S17 Tan Mai Tân Mai Hanoi Metro Line 4 (planned) 1.353 km (0.841 mi) 17.385 km
(10.803 mi) 		Hoàng Văn Thụ
T3S18 Tam Trinh Tam Trinh 1.443 km (0.897 mi) 18.828 km
(11.699 mi) 		Yên Sở
T3S19 Yen So Yên Sở 0.869 km (0.540 mi) 19.697 km
(12.239 mi)

[60]

Fares

[edit]

Line 3.1's fares from 23 August 2024 are as follows:

Single journey ticket fares (VND)
Stations Nhổn Minh Khai Phú Diễn Cầu Diễn Lê Đức Thọ VNU Chùa Hà Cầu Giấy
Nhổn 8.000 9.000 9.000 10.000 11.000 11.000 12.000
Minh Khai 8.000 8.000 9.000 9.000 10.000 11.000 11.000
Phú Diễn 9.000 8.000 8.000 9.000 9.000 10.000 11.000
Cầu Diễn 9.000 9.000 8.000 8.000 9.000 9.000 10.000
Lê Đức Thọ 10.000 9.000 9.000 8.000 8.000 9.000 9.000
VNU 11.000 10.000 9.000 9.000 8.000 8.000 9.000
Chùa Hà 11.000 11.000 10.000 9.000 9.000 8.000 8.000
Cầu Giấy 12.000 11.000 11.000 10.000 9.000 9.000 8.000
Other tickets
Ticket types Price
Day ticket 24.000 VND/ticket/day
Monthly pass 200.000 VND/pass/30 days of use
Monthly pass for students and industrial zone workers 50% off
Monthly pass for groups over 30 people 30% off
Welfare ticket (for people with free bus passes) Free of charge

Social and environmental impacts

[edit]
  • Land acquisition and resettlement: To transform Hanoi's transport system, the government may acquire some land along segments of the line, and around Nhon depot. A Resettlement Plan has been prepared and updated for the project, which is consistent with the Asian Development Bank's Safeguards Policy Statement, and the updated Resettlement and Compensation Policies of the government of Vietnam.
  • Environmental management: The development of the line involves significant construction works, which can generate adverse environmental impacts. These have been assessed in an international standard environmental impact assessment. The most significant impacts affecting Hanoi citizens during construction may include excessive dust and noise, traffic disturbances, and the relocation of mature trees along the metro alignment. All contractors have developed and are implementing robust environmental management plans and engineering solutions to minimize environmental impacts, and respond to any event. Overall, environmental benefits including improved air quality, reduced greenhouse gas emission and enhanced community health and safety will significantly outweigh the adverse environmental impacts.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ (Phase 1)
  2. ^ Hanoi (once Phase 1 is complete)
  3. ^ 12 once Phase 1 is complete
  4. ^ "French consortium to deliver Hanoi Metro Line 3". Archived from the original on 2018-05-27. Retrieved 2017-05-23.
  5. ^ "Hà Nội leader wants Nhổn-Hà Nội Station metro to start commercial operations from August 8". 2024-08-06. Retrieved 2024-08-07.
  6. ^ "Trải nghiệm metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội: Khởi hành, dừng hơi 'giật cục', ban quản lý nói gì?" (in Vietnamese). 2024-08-07. Retrieved 2024-08-08.
  7. ^ "Khởi công xây dựng tuyến Metro Nhổn - Ga Hà Nội - Hasitec .,JSC". hasitec.com.vn. Retrieved 2024-08-07.
  8. ^ "Ha Noi Metro Rail System Project (Line 3: Nhon-Ha Noi Station Section)".
  9. ^ Tú -, Anh (2024-05-16). "Chuẩn bị đầu tư metro đi ngầm gần như hoàn toàn, tuyến số 3 đoạn ga Hà Nội - Hoàng Mai". Nhịp sống kinh tế Việt Nam & Thế giới (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-08-07.
  10. ^ thuvienphapluat.vn (2022-07-14). "Quyết định 108/1998/QĐ-TTg phê duyệt điều chỉnh quy hoạch chung Thủ đô Hà Nội đến năm 2020". THƯ VIỆN PHÁP LUẬT. Retrieved 2024-08-07.
  11. ^ ADB (December 2006). "Preparing the Hanoi Metro Rail System Project - Technical Assistance Report" (PDF). Asian Development Bank. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 7, 2024. Retrieved August 7, 2024.
  12. ^ ADB. "Economic Analysis: Hanoi Metro Line 3" (PDF). Asian Development Bank. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved August 7, 2024.
  13. ^ a b ADB (August 2010). "Ha Noi Pilot Metro Light Metro Line, section Nhon - Ha Noi Railway Station (MRT3): Environmental Assessment Report (Draft)" (PDF). Asian Development Bank. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 4, 2023. Retrieved August 7, 2024.
  14. ^ "Financing of metro line 3: Nhổn - Hanoi Station section}". Asian Development Bank.
  15. ^ "Sluggish Hanoi metro defers Line 3 launch to 2023".
  16. ^ "Đường sắt trên cao Nhổn - ga Hà Nội dự kiến khai thác khi nào?" [When is the Nhon-Hanoi station elevated railway expected to operate?]. VOV.VN (in Vietnamese). 2023-09-20. Retrieved 2024-05-21.
  17. ^ "Hiện trạng đường sắt Nhổn - Ga Hà Nội lùi tiến độ hoàn thành vào năm 2027" [Current status of Nhon - Hanoi Railway Station delayed completion to 2027]. Archived from the original on 2023-11-24. Retrieved 2023-11-24.
  18. ^ TUOI TRE ONLINE (2024-01-26). "Tháng 6-2024 chạy tuyến metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội sau gần 14 năm" [In June 2024, the Nhổn–Hanoi station metro line will run after nearly 14 years]. TUOI TRE ONLINE (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-05-22.
  19. ^ hanoimoi.vn (2023-09-03). "Khám phá các nhà ga trên cao tuyến Metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội" [Explore elevated stations on Metro Nhổn–Hanoi station]. hanoimoi.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-05-22.
  20. ^ "Đường sắt trên cao Nhổn - ga Hà Nội dự kiến khai thác khi nào?" [When is the Nhon-Hanoi station elevated railway expected to operate?]. VOV.VN (in Vietnamese). 2023-09-20. Retrieved 2024-05-21.
  21. ^ "Hiện trạng đường sắt Nhổn - Ga Hà Nội lùi tiến độ hoàn thành vào năm 2027" [Current status of Nhon - Hanoi Railway Station delayed completion to 2027]. Archived from the original on 2023-11-24. Retrieved 2023-11-24.
  22. ^ TUOI TRE ONLINE (2024-01-26). "Tháng 6-2024 chạy tuyến metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội sau gần 14 năm" [In June 2024, the Nhon-Hanoi station metro line will run after nearly 14 years]. TUOI TRE ONLINE (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-05-22.
  23. ^ hanoimoi.vn (2023-09-03). "Khám phá các nhà ga trên cao tuyến Metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội" [Explore elevated stations on Metro Nhon - Hanoi station]. hanoimoi.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-05-22.
  24. ^ "Đường sắt trên cao Nhổn - ga Hà Nội dự kiến khai thác khi nào?" [When is the Nhon-Hanoi station elevated railway expected to operate?]. VOV.VN (in Vietnamese). 2023-09-20. Retrieved 2024-05-21.
  25. ^ "Hiện trạng đường sắt Nhổn - Ga Hà Nội lùi tiến độ hoàn thành vào năm 2027" [Current status of Nhon - Hanoi Railway Station delayed completion to 2027]. Archived from the original on 2023-11-24. Retrieved 2023-11-24.
  26. ^ TUOI TRE ONLINE (2024-01-26). "Tháng 6-2024 chạy tuyến metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội sau gần 14 năm" [In June 2024, the Nhon-Hanoi station metro line will run after nearly 14 years]. TUOI TRE ONLINE (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-05-22.
  27. ^ hanoimoi.vn (2023-09-03). "Khám phá các nhà ga trên cao tuyến Metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội" [Explore elevated stations on Metro Nhon - Hanoi station]. hanoimoi.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-05-22.
  28. ^ "Nhân viên chạy tàu vi phạm nồng độ cồn tại ga Phú Diễn (Hà Nội)" [Train staff violates alcohol concentration at Phu Dien station (Hanoi)]. Báo Pháp luật Việt Nam điện tử (Vietnam Electronic Law Newspaper) (in Vietnamese). 2023-10-13. Retrieved 2024-05-21.
  29. ^ "Hiện trạng đường sắt Nhổn - Ga Hà Nội lùi tiến độ hoàn thành vào năm 2027" [Current status of Nhon - Hanoi Railway Station delayed completion to 2027]. Archived from the original on 2023-11-24. Retrieved 2023-11-24.
  30. ^ "Đường sắt trên cao Nhổn - ga Hà Nội dự kiến khai thác khi nào?" [When is the Nhon - Hanoi station elevated railway expected to operate?]. VOV.VN (in Vietnamese). 20 September 2023. Archived from the original on 2023-11-16. Retrieved 2023-11-16.
  31. ^ TUOI TRE ONLINE (2024-01-26). "Tháng 6-2024 chạy tuyến metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội sau gần 14 năm" [In June 2024, the Nhon-Hanoi station metro line will run after nearly 14 years]. TUOI TRE ONLINE (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-05-22.
  32. ^ hanoimoi.vn (2023-09-03). "Khám phá các nhà ga trên cao tuyến Metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội" [Explore elevated stations on Metro Nhon - Hanoi station]. hanoimoi.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-05-22.
  33. ^ "Eight elevated stations of Nhon-Hanoi Station Urban Railway completed".
  34. ^ "Đường sắt trên cao Nhổn - ga Hà Nội dự kiến khai thác khi nào?" [When is the Nhon-Hanoi station elevated railway expected to operate?]. VOV.VN (in Vietnamese). 2023-09-20. Retrieved 2024-05-21.
  35. ^ TUOI TRE ONLINE (2024-01-26). "Tháng 6-2024 chạy tuyến metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội sau gần 14 năm" [In June 2024, the Nhon metro line - Hanoi station will run after nearly 14 years.]. TUOI TRE ONLINE (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-03-27.
  36. ^ "Hiện trạng đường sắt Nhổn - Ga Hà Nội lùi tiến độ hoàn thành vào năm 2027" [Current status of Nhon - Hanoi Railway Station delayed completion to 2027]. Archived from the original on 2023-11-24. Retrieved 2023-11-24.
  37. ^ "Đường sắt trên cao Nhổn - ga Hà Nội dự kiến khai thác khi nào?" [When is the Nhon - Hanoi station elevated railway expected to operate?]. VOV.VN (in Vietnamese). 20 September 2023. Archived from the original on 2023-11-16. Retrieved 2023-11-16.
  38. ^ hanoimoi.vn (2023-09-03). "Khám phá các nhà ga trên cao tuyến Metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội" [Explore elevated stations on Metro Nhon - Hanoi station]. hanoimoi.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-05-22.
  39. ^ "Eight elevated stations of Nhon-Hanoi Station Urban Railway completed". vietnamnet.vn.
  40. ^ "Hiện trạng đường sắt Nhổn - Ga Hà Nội lùi tiến độ hoàn thành vào năm 2027" [Current status of Nhon - Hanoi Railway Station delayed completion to 2027]. Archived from the original on 2023-11-24. Retrieved 2023-11-24.
  41. ^ "Đường sắt trên cao Nhổn - ga Hà Nội dự kiến khai thác khi nào?" [When is the Nhon - Hanoi station elevated railway expected to operate?]. VOV.VN (in Vietnamese). 20 September 2023. Archived from the original on 2023-11-16. Retrieved 2023-11-16.
  42. ^ TUOI TRE ONLINE (2024-01-26). "Tháng 6-2024 chạy tuyến metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội sau gần 14 năm" [In June 2024, the Nhon-Hanoi station metro line will run after nearly 14 years]. TUOI TRE ONLINE (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-05-22.
  43. ^ hanoimoi.vn (2023-09-03). "Khám phá các nhà ga trên cao tuyến Metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội" [Explore elevated stations on Metro Nhon - Hanoi station]. hanoimoi.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-05-22.
  44. ^ "Eight elevated stations of Nhon-Hanoi Station Urban Railway completed".
  45. ^ "Hiện trạng đường sắt Nhổn - Ga Hà Nội lùi tiến độ hoàn thành vào năm 2027" [Current status of Nhon - Hanoi Railway Station delayed completion to 2027]. Archived from the original on 2023-11-24. Retrieved 2023-11-24.
  46. ^ "Đường sắt trên cao Nhổn - ga Hà Nội dự kiến khai thác khi nào?" [When is the Nhon - Hanoi station elevated railway expected to operate?]. VOV.VN (in Vietnamese). 20 September 2023. Archived from the original on 2023-11-16. Retrieved 2023-11-16.
  47. ^ TUOI TRE ONLINE (2024-01-26). "Tháng 6-2024 chạy tuyến metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội sau gần 14 năm" [In June 2024, the Nhon-Hanoi station metro line will run after nearly 14 years]. TUOI TRE ONLINE (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-05-22.
  48. ^ hanoimoi.vn (2023-09-03). "Khám phá các nhà ga trên cao tuyến Metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội" [Explore elevated stations on Metro Nhon - Hanoi station]. hanoimoi.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-05-22.
  49. ^ "Eight elevated stations of Nhon-Hanoi Station Urban Railway completed".
  50. ^ "Hiện trạng đường sắt Nhổn - Ga Hà Nội lùi tiến độ hoàn thành vào năm 2027" [Current status of Nhon - Hanoi Railway Station delayed completion to 2027]. Archived from the original on 2023-11-24. Retrieved 2023-11-24.
  51. ^ "Đường sắt trên cao Nhổn - ga Hà Nội dự kiến khai thác khi nào?" [When is the Nhon - Hanoi station elevated railway expected to operate?]. VOV.VN (in Vietnamese). 20 September 2023. Archived from the original on 2023-11-16. Retrieved 2023-11-16.
  52. ^ TUOI TRE ONLINE (2024-01-26). "Tháng 6-2024 chạy tuyến metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội sau gần 14 năm" [In June 2024, the Nhon-Hanoi station metro line will run after nearly 14 years]. TUOI TRE ONLINE (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-05-22.
  53. ^ hanoimoi.vn (2023-09-03). "Khám phá các nhà ga trên cao tuyến Metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội" [Explore elevated stations on Metro Nhon - Hanoi station]. hanoimoi.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-05-22.
  54. ^ "Đường sắt trên cao Nhổn - ga Hà Nội dự kiến khai thác khi nào?" [When is the Nhon-Hanoi station elevated railway expected to operate?]. VOV.VN (in Vietnamese). 2023-09-20. Retrieved 2024-05-21.
  55. ^ "Hiện trạng đường sắt Nhổn - Ga Hà Nội lùi tiến độ hoàn thành vào năm 2027" [Current status of Nhon - Hanoi Railway Station delayed completion to 2027]. Archived from the original on 2023-11-24. Retrieved 2023-11-24.
  56. ^ TUOI TRE ONLINE (2024-01-26). "Tháng 6-2024 chạy tuyến metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội sau gần 14 năm" [In June 2024, the Nhon-Hanoi station metro line will run after nearly 14 years]. TUOI TRE ONLINE (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-05-22.
  57. ^ hanoimoi.vn (2023-09-03). "Khám phá các nhà ga trên cao tuyến Metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội" [Explore elevated stations on Metro Nhon - Hanoi station]. hanoimoi.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-05-22.
  58. ^ Đường sắt trên cao Nhổn - ga Hà Nội dự kiến khai thác khi nào?
  59. ^ "List of Line 3 stations, their locations, distance and construction progress (in Đề xuất cấp giấy phép môi trường cho metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội)" [Proposal to issue an environmental permit for Nhon - Hanoi station metro line]. dantri.com.vn - image provided by Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (in Vietnamese). 2024-07-17. Retrieved 2024-07-17.
  60. ^ "Đề xuất phê duyệt dự án tuyến Metro ga Hà Nội - Hoàng Mai". tapchicongthuong.vn (in Vietnamese). 2024-09-19. Retrieved 2024-09-23.
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