Jump to content

List of potentially habitable exoplanets

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from List of Goldilocks planets)

This article is one of a series on:
Life in the universe
Outline
Planetary habitability in the Solar System
Life outside the Solar System
Habitability of...

The following list includes some of the potentially habitable exoplanets discovered so far. It is mostly based on estimates of habitability by the Habitable Worlds Catalog (HWC), and data from the NASA Exoplanet Archive. The HWC is maintained by the Planetary Habitability Laboratory at the University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo.[1] There is also a speculative list being developed of superhabitable planets.

Surface planetary habitability is thought to require an orbit at the right distance from the host star for liquid surface water to be present, in addition to various geophysical and geodynamical aspects, atmospheric density, radiation type and intensity, and the host star's plasma environment.[2]

List

[edit]
This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

This is a list of exoplanets within the circumstellar habitable zone that are either under 10 Earth masses or smaller than 2.5 Earth radii, and thus have a chance of being rocky.[3][1] Note that inclusion on this list does not guarantee habitability, and in particular the larger planets are more unlikely to have a rocky composition.[4] Earth is included for both comparison and reference, while Venus and Mars are included for reference only.

Note that mass and radius values prefixed with "~" have not been measured, but are estimated from a mass-radius relationship.

Object Star Star type Mass (M⊕) Radius (R⊕) Density (g/cm3) Flux (F⊕) Teq (K) Period (days) Distance (ly) Refs/Notes
Earth
(reported for reference)		 Sun G2V 1.00 1.00 5.514 1.00 255 365.25 0 Only planet known to support life.
Venus
(reported for reference)		 Sun G2V 0.815 0.950 5.243 1.911 244.261 224.70 0.0000042 [5]
Mars
(reported for reference)		 Sun G2V 0.107 0.533 3.934 0.431 209.8 686.98 0.0000058 - 0.000042 [6]
Gliese 12 b Gliese 12 M4V 0.88+0.39
−0.26		 1.03±0.11 4.44 1.6±0.2 315 12.7 40 [7]
Gliese 163 c Gliese 163 M3V ≥6.80 — — 1.25 277 25.6 49 [1]
Gliese 180 c Gliese 180 M2V ≥6.40 — — 0.78 239 24.3 39 Not confirmed[1][8]
Gliese 180 d Gliese 180 M2V ≥7.56 — — 0.26 106.3 39 [1]
Gliese 229 Ac Gliese 229 A M1V ≥8.57 — — 0.44 216 121.9 18.8
Gliese 357 d Gliese 357 M2V ≥6.10 — — 0.38 200 55.7 31
Gliese 433 d Gliese 433 M2V ≥5.22 — — 1.06 36.1 29.6 [1]
Gliese 514 b Gliese 514 M1V ≥5.20 — — 0.28 (0.114−0.79) 202 140.4 25 Highly eccentric[9]
Gliese 555 b Gliese 555 M4V ≥5.46 — — 0.5 214 [10] 36.2 20.4 Probably a mini-Neptune or an ocean planet[11]
Gliese 625 b Gliese 625 M2V ≥2.82 — — 14.628 21.1 Only in HZ if very optimistic models used[12][13][14]
Gliese 667 Cc Gliese 667 C M1V ≥3.81 ~1.54 — 0.88 277 28.1 23.62 [15][1]
Gliese 1002 b Gliese 1002 M5V ≥1.08 ~1.03 — 0.67 231 10.3 15.8 [16]
Gliese 1002 c Gliese 1002 M5V ≥1.36 1.1 — 0.26 182 21.2 15.8 [16][17]
GJ 1061 c GJ 1061 M5V ≥1.74 ~1.18 — 1.45 275 6.7 12
GJ 1061 d GJ 1061 M5V ≥1.64 ~1.16 — 0.69 218 13.0 12
GJ 3293 d GJ 3293 M2V ≥7.60 — — 0.59 223 48.1 66 [1]
HD 20794 d HD 20794 G6V ≥6.6 — — 645 19.7 Orbits partially exterior to the HZ[18][19]
HD 40307 g HD 40307 K2V ≥7.09 — — 0.67 226 197.8 42 Not confirmed[1][20]
HD 216520 c HD 216520 K0V ≥9.44 — — 1.28 154.4 64 [1]
HIP 38594 b HIP 38594 M0V ≥8.10 — — 1.34 60.7 58 [1]
K2-9b K2-9 M2V — 2.25 — 1.45 279 18.4 270 [1][21]
K2-72e K2-72 M?V ~2.21 1.29 — 1.30 261 24.2 217 [22]
K2-332b K2-332 M?V — 2.20 — 1.17 17.7 402 [1]
K2-288Bb K2-288 B M3V 4.27 1.91 — 0.44 207 31.4 214 [23]
Kepler-22b (not really) Kepler-22 G5V — 2.38 — 1.10 261 289.9 635 Recent research theorizes that Kepler-22b could be a mini-Neptune or a water world with a global ocean 50 to 150 kilometers deep. [75]
Kepler-62e Kepler-62 K2V 4.5+14.2
−2.6		 1.61 — 1.15 264 122.4 981 [1][24]
Kepler-62f Kepler-62 K2V 2.8+0.4
−0.4		 1.41 — 0.41 204 267.3 981 [1][25]
Kepler-155c Kepler-155 M0V — 2.24 — 1.05 52.7 957 [1]
Kepler-174d Kepler-174 K3V — 2.19 — 0.59 206 247.4 1254 [1]
Kepler-186f Kepler-186 M1V 1.44+2.33
−1.12		 1.17 — 0.29 188 129.9 579 [1]
Kepler-283c Kepler-283 K5V — 1.82 — 0.89 248 92.7 1526 [1]
Kepler-296e Kepler-296 K7V 2.96 1.52 — 1.41 276 34.1 737 [1][26][27]
Kepler-296f Kepler-296 K7V — 1.80 — 0.44 225 63.3 737 [1][28]
Kepler-442b Kepler-442 K5V 2.36+5.9
−1.3		 1.35 — 0.70 233 112.3 1193 [1]
Kepler-440b Kepler-440 K6V — 1.91 — 1.44 273 101.1 981 [1]
Kepler-443b Kepler-443 K3V — 2.35 — 0.89 247 177.7 2615 [1]
Kepler-452b Kepler-452 G2V ~5 1.63 — 1.11 261 384.8 1799 Not confirmed[1][29][30][31][32]
Kepler-705b Kepler-705 M?V — 2.11 — 0.77 243 56.1 903
Kepler-1229b Kepler-1229 M?V 2.540 1.40 — 0.32 213 86.8 865 [1]
Kepler-1410b Kepler-1410 K?V — 1.78 — 1.07 274 60.9 1196
Kepler-1540b Kepler-1540 K?V — 2.49 — 0.78 250 125.4 799
Kepler-1544 b Kepler-1544 K2V — 1.78 — 0.84 248 168.8 1092 [1]
Kepler-1606b Kepler-1606 G?V — 2.07 — 1.64 277 196.4 2710 [33]
Kepler-1649c Kepler-1649 M5V 1.20 1.06 — 0.75 237 19.5 301 [34]
Kepler-1652b Kepler-1652 M?V — 1.60 — 0.84 244 38.1 822
Kepler-1653b Kepler-1653 K?V — 2.17 — 1.04 258 140.3 2461
Kepler-1701b Kepler-1701 K?V — 2.22 — 1.42 275 169.1 1904 [1][35]
L 98-59 f L 98-59 M3V ≥2.46 — — >1 ~280 23.15 34.6 Not confirmed[36]
LHS 1140 b LHS 1140 M4V 5.60 1.73 5.9±0.3 0.43 226 24.7 49 Likely ocean world or dense mini-Neptune[37]
LP 890-9 c LP 890-9 M6V — 1.37 — 0.91 272 8.46 105 [38]
Luyten b Luyten's Star M3V ≥2.89 ~1.35 — 1.06 258 18.65 12.3 [39]
Proxima Centauri b Proxima Centauri M5V ≥1.07 [40]: 16  1.17±0.23 — 0.70 228 11.186 4.25 Affected by solar flare, possibly affected by high radiation[41]
Ross 128 b Ross 128 M4V ≥1.40 ~1.80 — 1.48 280 9.87 11.0 [42]
Ross 508 b Ross 508 M4V ≥4.00 — — 1.32 10.8 37 [43]
Teegarden's Star b Teegarden's Star M7V ≥1.05 ~1.02 — 1.15 264 4.91 12.5 Radius is estimated[44][45]
Teegarden's Star c Teegarden's Star M7V ≥1.11 ~1.04 — 0.37 199 11.4 12.5 [44]
TOI-700 d TOI-700 M2V ~1.72 1.14 — 0.87 246 37.4 101
TOI-700 e TOI-700 M2V 0.82 0.95 — 1.27[46] 273 27.8 101 [47]
TOI-715 b TOI-715 M4V 3.02 1.55 — 0.67 234 19.29 137 [48] [49]
TOI-2257 b TOI-2257 M3V 5.712+4.288
−2.311 		2.20 — 0.57 (0.26−2.25) 256+61
−17		 35.2 188 Highly eccentric[1][50]
TRAPPIST-1d TRAPPIST-1 M8V 0.39 0.78 3.39 1.12 258 4.05 41 Confirmed to be rocky[51][52]
TRAPPIST-1e TRAPPIST-1 M8V 0.69 0.92 5.65 0.65 230 6.1 41 Confirmed to be rocky[51][52]
TRAPPIST-1f TRAPPIST-1 M8V 1.04 1.04 3.3 ± 0.9 0.37 200 9.2 41 Confirmed to be rocky[51][52]
TRAPPIST-1g TRAPPIST-1 M8V 1.32 1.13 4.186 0.25 182 12.4 41 Confirmed to be rocky[51][52]
Wolf 1069 b Wolf 1069 M5V ≥1.26 ~1.08 — 0.65 250 15.6 31.2 [53]
Wolf 1061c Wolf 1061 M3V ≥3.41 ~1.60 — 1.30 271 17.9 13.8 [1]

Previous candidates

[edit]

Some exoplanet candidates detected by radial velocity that were originally thought to be potentially habitable were later found to most likely be artifacts of stellar activity. These include Gliese 581 d & g,[54][55][56] Gliese 667 Ce & f,[15][57] Gliese 682 b & c,[8] Kapteyn b,[58][59] and Gliese 832 c.[60]

HD 85512 b was initially estimated to be potentially habitable,[61][62] but updated models for the boundaries of the habitable zone placed the planet interior to the HZ,[63][64] and it is now considered non-habitable.[1] Kepler-69c has gone through a similar process; though initially estimated to be potentially habitable,[65] it was quickly realized that the planet is more likely to be similar to Venus,[66] and is thus no longer considered habitable.[1] Several other planets, such as Gliese 180 b, also appear to be examples of planets once considered potentially habitable but later found to be interior to the habitable zone.[1]

Similarly, Tau Ceti e and f were initially both considered potentially habitable,[67] but with improved models of the circumstellar habitable zone, as of 2022 PHL does not consider either planet potentially habitable.[1][failed verification] Kepler-438b was also initially considered potentially habitable; however, it was later found to be a subject of powerful flares that can strip a planet of its atmosphere, so it is now considered non-habitable.[1]

K2-3d and K2-18b were originally considered potentially habitable, and the latter remains listed in the HEC,[1] but recent studies have shown them to be gaseous sub-Neptunes and thus unlikely to be habitable.[68][69][70][71][72][73]

KOI-1686.01 was also considered a potentially habitable exoplanet after its detection in 2011, until proven a false positive by NASA in 2015.[74] Several other KOIs, like Kepler-577b and Kepler-1649b, were considered potentially habitable prior to confirmation, but with new data are no longer considered habitable.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj "The Habitable Worlds Catalog". Planetary Habitability Laboratory. University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo. Retrieved 11 June 2024.
  2. ^ Lammer, H.; Bredehöft, J. H.; Coustenis, A.; Khodachenko, M. L.; et al. (2009). "What makes a planet habitable?" (PDF). The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review. 17 (2): 181–249. Bibcode:2009A&ARv..17..181L. doi:10.1007/s00159-009-0019-z. S2CID 123220355. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-06-02. Retrieved 2016-05-03.
  3. ^ Méndez, A.; González-Espada, W. (2016). Searching for Habitable Worlds: An Introduction. IOP Concise Physics. Morgan & Claypool Publishers. p. 1. ISBN 978-1-68174-401-8. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  4. ^ Chen, Jingjing; Kipping, David (2017). "Probabilistic Forecasting of the Masses and Radii of Other Worlds". The Astrophysical Journal. 834 (1): 17. arXiv:1603.08614. Bibcode:2017ApJ...834...17C. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/834/1/17. S2CID 119114880.
  5. ^ "NASA Venus Fact Sheet". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
  6. ^ "NASA Mars Fact Sheet". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/. Retrieved 2024-10-25.
  7. ^ Dholakia, Shishir; Palethorpe, Larissa; Venner, Alexander; Mortier, Annelies; Wilson, Thomas G.; Huang, Chelsea X.; Rice, Ken; Van Eylen, Vincent; Nabbie, Emma (2024-05-21), "Gliese 12 b, A Temperate Earth-sized Planet at 12 Parsecs Discovered with TESS and CHEOPS", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 531 (1): 1276, arXiv:2405.13118, Bibcode:2024MNRAS.531.1276D, doi:10.1093/mnras/stae1152
  8. ^ a b Feng, Fabo; et al. (8 January 2020). "Search for Nearby Earth Analogs. II. Detection of Five New Planets, Eight Planet Candidates, and Confirmation of Three Planets around Nine Nearby M Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 246 (1): 11. arXiv:2001.02577. Bibcode:2020ApJS..246...11F. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ab5e7c. S2CID 210064560.
  9. ^ Damasso, M.; et al. (2022), "A quarter century of spectroscopic monitoring of the nearby M dwarf Gl 514", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 666: A187, arXiv:2204.06376, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243522, S2CID 248157318
  10. ^ "HN Lib b". www.exoplanetkyoto.org. Retrieved 2024-07-28.
  11. ^ Ribas, I.; Reiners, A.; et al. (February 2023). "The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Guaranteed time observations Data Release 1 (2016-2020)". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 670: A139. arXiv:2302.10528. Bibcode:2023A&A...670A.139R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244879.
  12. ^ Suárez Mascareño, A.; et al. (2017). "HADES RV Programme with HARPS-N at TNG. V. A super-Earth on the inner edge of the habitable zone of the nearby M dwarf GJ 625". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 605. A92. arXiv:1705.06537. Bibcode:2017A&A...605A..92S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201730957. S2CID 119003137.
  13. ^ LePage, Andrew (22 May 2017). "Habitable Planet Reality Check: Is GJ 625b a Super-Earth or a Super-Venus?". drewexmachina.com. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  14. ^ "GJ 625". hzgallery.org. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  15. ^ a b Feroz, F.; Hobson, M. P. (2014). "Bayesian analysis of radial velocity data of GJ667C with correlated noise: evidence for only two planets". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 437 (4): 3540–3549. arXiv:1307.6984. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.437.3540F. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt2148. S2CID 119287992.
  16. ^ a b Suárez Mascareño, A.; González-Alvarez, E.; et al. (November 2022). "Two temperate Earth-mass planets orbiting the nearby star GJ 1002". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 670: A5. arXiv:2212.07332. Bibcode:2023A&A...670A...5S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244991. S2CID 254353639.
  17. ^ "Exoplanet-catalog". Exoplanet Exploration: Planets Beyond our Solar System. Retrieved 2024-01-30.
  18. ^ Cretignier, M.; Dumusque, X.; et al. (August 2023). "YARARA V2: Reaching sub-m s−1 precision over a decade using PCA on line-by-line radial velocities". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 678: A2. arXiv:2308.11812. Bibcode:2023A&A...678A...2C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202347232. S2CID 261076243.
  19. ^ Nari, N.; Dumusque, X.; Hara, N. C.; Mascareño, A. Suárez; Cretignier, M.; Hernández, J. I. González; Stefanov, A. K.; Passegger, V. M.; Rebolo, R.; Pepe, F.; Santos, N. C.; Cristiani, S.; Faria, J. P.; Figueira, P.; Sozzetti, A. (2024-11-04). "Revisiting the multi-planetary system of the nearby star HD 20794. Confirmation of a low-mass planet in the habitable zone of a nearby G-dwarf". Astronomy & Astrophysics. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202451769. ISSN 0004-6361.
  20. ^ Díaz, Rodrigo F.; et al. (2016). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 585: A134. arXiv:1510.06446. Bibcode:2016A&A...585A.134D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526729. S2CID 118531921.
  21. ^ "Confirmed Planet Overview Page: K2-9b". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  22. ^ "Exoplanet-catalog". Exoplanet Exploration: Planets Beyond our Solar System. Retrieved 2021-01-29.
  23. ^ "K2-288 B b - NASA Science".
  24. ^ "Confirmed Planet Overview Page: Kepler-62e". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  25. ^ "Confirmed Planet Overview Page: Kepler-62f". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  26. ^ "Confirmed Planet Overview Page: Kepler-296e". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  27. ^ Barclay, Thomas; Quintana, Elisa V; Adams, Fred C; Ciardi, David R; Huber, Daniel; Foreman-Mackey, Daniel; Montet, Benjamin T; Caldwell, Douglas (2015). "The Five Planets in the Kepler-296 Binary System All Orbit the Primary: A Statistical and Analytical Analysis". The Astrophysical Journal. 809 (1): 7. arXiv:1505.01845. Bibcode:2015ApJ...809....7B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/809/1/7. S2CID 37742564.
  28. ^ "Confirmed Planet Overview Page: Kepler-296 f". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  29. ^ "Confirmed Planet Overview Page: Kepler-452 b". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  30. ^ "Targets of Note: Kepler-452 b". NASA Exoplanet Archive. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  31. ^ Mullally, Fergal; Thompson, Susan E.; Coughlin, Jeffrey L.; Burke, Christopher J.; Rowe, Jason F. (2018). "Kepler's Earth-like Planets Should Not be Confirmed without Independent Detection: The Case of Kepler-452b". The Astronomical Journal. 155 (5): 210. arXiv:1803.11307. Bibcode:2018AJ....155..210M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aabae3. S2CID 55481591.
  32. ^ Burke, Christopher J.; Mullally, F.; Thompson, Susan E.; Coughlin, Jeffrey L.; Rowe, Jason F. (2019). "Re-evaluating Small Long-period Confirmed Planets from Kepler". The Astronomical Journal. 157 (4): 143. arXiv:1901.00506. Bibcode:2019AJ....157..143B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aafb79. S2CID 119047713.
  33. ^ "Exoplanet-catalog-Exoplanet exploration-Kepler-1606b".
  34. ^ "Earth-Size, Habitable Zone Planet Found Hidden in Early NASA Kepler Data". Exoplanet Exploration: Planets Beyond our Solar System. Retrieved 2021-01-02.
  35. ^ "Exoplanet catalog-Exoplanet exploration-Kepler-1701b".
  36. ^ "Comparison of the L 98-59 exoplanet system with the inner Solar System". www.eso.org. Retrieved 2021-08-09.
  37. ^ Cadieux, Charles; Plotnykov, Mykhaylo; et al. (2024). "New Mass and Radius Constraints on the LHS 1140 Planets -- LHS 1140 b is Either a Temperate Mini-Neptune or a Water World". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 960 (1): L3. arXiv:2310.15490. Bibcode:2024ApJ...960L...3C. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad1691.
  38. ^ Delrez, L.; Murray, C. A.; et al. (September 2022). "Two temperate super-Earths transiting a nearby late-type M dwarf". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 667: A59. arXiv:2209.02831. Bibcode:2022A&A...667A..59D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244041. S2CID 252110654.
  39. ^ Astudillo-Defru, Nicola; Forveille, Thierry; Bonfils, Xavier; Ségransan, Damien; Bouchy, François; Delfosse, Xavier; et al. (2017). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets. XLI. A dozen planets around the M dwarfs GJ 3138, GJ 3323, GJ 273, GJ 628, and GJ 3293". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 602. A88. arXiv:1703.05386. Bibcode:2017A&A...602A..88A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201630153. S2CID 119418595.
  40. ^ Faria, J. P.; Mascareño, A. Suárez; Figueira, P.; Silva, A. M.; Damasso, M.; Demangeon, O.; Pepe, F.; Santos, N. C.; Rebolo, R.; Cristiani, S.; Adibekyan, V.; Alibert, Y.; Allart, R.; Barros, S. C. C.; Cabral, A.; D’Odorico, V.; Marcantonio, P. Di; Dumusque, X.; Ehrenreich, D.; Hernández, J. I. González; Hara, N.; Lillo-Box, J.; Curto, G. Lo; Lovis, C.; Martins, C. J. a. P.; Mégevand, D.; Mehner, A.; Micela, G.; Molaro, P.; Nunes, N. J.; Pallé, E.; Poretti, E.; Sousa, S. G.; Sozzetti, A.; Tabernero, H.; Udry, S.; Osorio, M. R. Zapatero (1 February 2022). "A candidate short-period sub-Earth orbiting Proxima Centauri". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 658: A115. arXiv:2202.05188. Bibcode:2022A&A...658A.115F. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142337. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 246706321.
  41. ^ Anglada-Escudé, Guillem; Amado, Pedro J.; Barnes, John; et al. (2016). "A terrestrial planet candidate in a temperate orbit around Proxima Centauri". Nature. 536 (7617): 437–440. arXiv:1609.03449. Bibcode:2016Natur.536..437A. doi:10.1038/nature19106. PMID 27558064. S2CID 4451513.
  42. ^ Wenz, John (15 November 2017). "A potentially habitable planet has been discovered just 11 light-years away". Astronomy. Archived from the original on 21 February 2018. Retrieved 19 November 2017.
  43. ^ Harakawa, Hiroki; et al. (2022). "A super-Earth orbiting near the inner edge of the habitable zone around the M4.5 dwarf Ross 508". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 74 (4): 904–922. arXiv:2205.11986. Bibcode:2022PASJ...74..904H. doi:10.1093/pasj/psac044.
  44. ^ a b Caballero, J. A.; Reiners, Ansgar; Ribas, I.; Dreizler, S.; Zechmeister, M.; et al. (12 June 2019). "The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Two temperate Earth-mass planet candidates around Teegarden's Star" (PDF). Astronomy & Astrophysics. 627: A49. arXiv:1906.07196. Bibcode:2019A&A...627A..49Z. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935460. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 189999121.
  45. ^ "Exoplanet-catalog". Exoplanet Exploration: Planets Beyond our Solar System. Retrieved 2021-12-05.
  46. ^ "TOI-700 | NASA Exoplanet Archive". exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-25.
  47. ^ Kazmierczak, Jeanette; Center, NASA's Goddard Spaceflight (2023-01-11). "NASA Planet Hunter Discovers Second Habitable, Earth-Size World in TOI 700 System". SciTechDaily. Retrieved 2024-05-25.
  48. ^ Dransfield, Georgina; Timmermans, Mathilde; Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.; Dévora-Pajares, Martín; Aganze, Christian; Barkaoui, Khalid; Burgasser, Adam J.; Collins, Karen A.; Cointepas, Marion; Ducrot, Elsa; Günther, Maximilian N.; Howell, Steve B.; Murray, Catriona A.; Niraula, Prajwal; Rackham, Benjamin V. (2023-10-28). "A 1.55 R$_{\oplus}$ habitable-zone planet hosted by TOI-715, an M4 star near the ecliptic South Pole". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 527 (1): 35–52. arXiv:2305.06206. doi:10.1093/mnras/stad1439. ISSN 0035-8711.
  49. ^ "TOI-715 b - NASA Science".
  50. ^ Schanche, N.; et al. (2022). "TOI-2257 b: A highly eccentric long-period sub-Neptune transiting a nearby M dwarf". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 657: A45. arXiv:2111.01749. Bibcode:2022A&A...657A..45S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142280. S2CID 240419956.
  51. ^ a b c d Delrez, Laetitia; et al. (9 January 2018). "Early 2017 observations of TRAPPIST-1 with Spitzer". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 475 (3): 3577–3597. arXiv:1801.02554. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.475.3577D. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty051. S2CID 54649681.
  52. ^ a b c d Grimm, Simon L.; et al. (5 February 2018). "The nature of the TRAPPIST-1 exoplanets". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 613: A68. arXiv:1802.01377. Bibcode:2018A&A...613A..68G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201732233. S2CID 3441829.
  53. ^ Kossakowski, D.; Kürster, M.; et al. (January 2023). "The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs, Wolf 1069 b: Earth-mass planet in the habitable zone of a nearby, very low-mass star". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 670: A84. arXiv:2301.02477. Bibcode:2023A&A...670A..84K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202245322.
  54. ^ Robertson, Paul; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Endl, Michael; Roy, Arpita (3 July 2014). "Stellar activity masquerading as planets in the habitable zone of the M dwarf Gliese 581". Science. 345 (6195): 440–444. arXiv:1407.1049. Bibcode:2014Sci...345..440R. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.767.2071. doi:10.1126/science.1253253. PMID 24993348. S2CID 206556796.
  55. ^ Hatzes, A. P. (2016). "Periodic Hαvariations in GL 581: Further evidence for an activity origin to GL 581d". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 585: A144. arXiv:1512.00878. Bibcode:2016A&A...585A.144H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527135. S2CID 55623630.
  56. ^ Dodson-Robinson, Sarah E.; Delgado, Victor Ramirez; Harrell, Justin; Haley, Charlotte L. (2022). "Magnitude-squared Coherence: A Powerful Tool for Disentangling Doppler Planet Discoveries from Stellar Activity". The Astronomical Journal. 163 (4): 169. arXiv:2201.13342. Bibcode:2022AJ....163..169D. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac52ed. S2CID 246430514.
  57. ^ Robertson, Paul; Mahadevan, Suvrath (October 2014). "Disentangling Planets and Stellar Activity for Gliese 667C". The Astrophysical Journal. 793 (2): L24. arXiv:1409.0021. Bibcode:2014ApJ...793L..24R. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/793/2/L24. S2CID 118404871.
  58. ^ Robertson, Paul (11 May 2015). "Stellar activity mimics a habitable-zone planet around Kapteyn's star". The Astrophysical Journal. 805 (2): L22. arXiv:1505.02778. Bibcode:2015ApJ...805L..22R. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/805/2/L22. S2CID 117871083.
  59. ^ Bortle, Anna; et al. (2021). "A Gaussian Process Regression Reveals No Evidence for Planets Orbiting Kapteyn's Star". The Astronomical Journal. 161 (5): 230. arXiv:2103.02709. Bibcode:2021AJ....161..230B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abec89. S2CID 232110395.
  60. ^ Gorrini, P.; et al. (2022). "Detailed stellar activity analysis and modelling of GJ 832". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 664: A64. arXiv:2206.07552. Bibcode:2022A&A...664A..64G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243063. S2CID 249674385.
  61. ^ Kaltenegger, L.; Udry, S.; Pepe, F. (2011). "A Habitable Planet around HD 85512?". arXiv:1108.3561 [astro-ph.EP].
  62. ^ Mendez, Abel (1 August 2012). "Five Potential Habitable Exoplanets Now" (Press release). Planetary Habitability Laboratory @ UPR Arecibo. Archived from the original on 27 February 2021. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  63. ^ Kopparapu, Ravi Kumar; et al. (2013). "Habitable Zones Around Main-Sequence Stars: New Estimates". The Astrophysical Journal. 765 (2): 131. arXiv:1301.6674. Bibcode:2013ApJ...765..131K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/765/2/131. S2CID 76651902.
  64. ^ Mendez, Abel (29 January 2013). "A New Habitable Zone" (Press release). Planetary Habitability Laboratory @ UPR Arecibo. Archived from the original on 11 December 2019. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  65. ^ Barclay, Thomas; et al. (2013). "A super-Earth-sized planet orbiting in or near the habitable zone around Sun-like star". The Astrophysical Journal. 768 (2): 101. arXiv:1304.4941. Bibcode:2013ApJ...768..101B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/768/2/101. S2CID 51490784.
  66. ^ Kane, Stephen R.; et al. (2013). "A Potential Super-Venus in the Kepler-69 System". The Astrophysical Journal. 770 (2): L20. arXiv:1305.2933. Bibcode:2013ApJ...770L..20K. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/770/2/L20. S2CID 9808447.
  67. ^ Mendez, Abel (28 December 2012). "Two Nearby Habitable Worlds?" (Press release). Planetary Habitability Laboratory @ UPR Arecibo. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  68. ^ "Confirmed Planet Overview Page: K2-3d". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  69. ^ "Confirmed Planet Overview Page: K2-18 b". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  70. ^ Garner, Rob (2019-09-11). "Hubble Finds Water Vapor on Habitable-Zone Exoplanet for 1st Time". NASA. Retrieved 2019-12-06.
  71. ^ Damasso, Mario; et al. (2018). "Eyes on K2-3: A system of three likely sub-Neptunes characterized with HARPS-N and HARPS". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 615. A69. arXiv:1802.08320. Bibcode:2018A&A...615A..69D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201732459. S2CID 58923147.
  72. ^ Kosiarek, Molly R.; et al. (2019). "Bright Opportunities for Atmospheric Characterization of Small Planets: Masses and Radii of K2-3 b, c, and d and GJ3470 b from Radial Velocity Measurements and Spitzer Transits". The Astronomical Journal. 157 (3): 97. arXiv:1812.08241. Bibcode:2019AJ....157...97K. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaf79c. S2CID 119440420.
  73. ^ Benneke, Björn; et al. (2019). "Water Vapor and Clouds on the Habitable-zone Sub-Neptune Exoplanet K2-18b". The Astrophysical Journal. 887 (1): L14. arXiv:1909.04642. Bibcode:2019ApJ...887L..14B. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab59dc. S2CID 209324670.
  74. ^ "Kepler Candidate Overview Page: KOI-1686.01". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_potentially_habitable_exoplanets&oldid=1258001082"