Wilmington District Brigade
| Wilmington District Brigade | |
|---|---|
| Active | 1776-1783 |
| Allegiance |  North Carolina |
| Branch | North Carolina militia |
| Type | infantry brigade |
| Engagements | see § Engagements |
| Commanders | |
| Notable commanders | |
The Wilmington District Brigade was an administrative division of the North Carolina militia during the American Revolutionary War (1776–1783). This unit was established by the North Carolina Provincial Congress on May 4, 1776, and disbanded at the end of the war.[1]
Leadership
[edit]Colonel John Ashe, Sr. was the first commander of the New Hannover County Regiment in 1775. He commanded the Wilmington District brigade from 1776 to 1778 when he was promoted on May 4, 1776 to Major General over all North Carolina militia and state troops until 1779.[1]
- Brigadier General John Ashe, Sr. (1776-1778)
- Brigadier General John Alexander Lillington (1779-1783)
- Brigadier General (Pro Tempore) James Kenan (1781)
Regiments
[edit]The following are the North Carolina militia regiments and subordination of the Wilmington District Brigade, along with the dates established and disestablished.[2][3][4][5][6][7]
| Unit | Subordinate Brigade | Created | Disbanded | Original Commander, Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| North Carolina Militia and State Troops | Governor | 1778 | 1783 | Ashe, John Sr., M.G. (1778–1779) |
| Wilmington District Brigade | North Carolina Militia | 1776 | 1783 | Ashe, John Sr., B.G. (1776–1778) |
| 1st Battalion of Militia | Wilmington | 1776 | 1776 | Brown, Thomas, Col (1776) |
| 2nd Battalion of Militia | Wilmington | 1776 | 1776 | Hawkins, Philemon, Jr., Col (declined to serve), Col Peter Dozier (1776)[8][9] |
| Bladen County Regiment | Salisbury | 1775 | 1783 | Robeson, Thomas, Jr., Col (1775–1789, 1781), [10] |
| Brunswick County Regiment | Wilmington | 1775 | 1783 | Howe, Robert, Col (1775) |
| Cumberland County Regiment | Wilmington | 1775 | 1783 | Rutherford, Thomas, Col (1775–1776) |
| Duplin County Regiment | Wilmington | 1775 | 1783 | Kenan, James, Col (1775–1783) |
| New Hanover County Regiment | Wilmington | 1775 | 1783 | Moore, James, Col (1775) |
| Onslow County Regiment | Wilmington | 1775 | 1783 | Cray, William, Col (1775–1778)[11] |
1st and 2nd Battalions of Militia
[edit]The 1st and 2nd Battalions of Militia were hastily established on May 7, 1776 because of the threat of British fleet off the coast of North Carolina at Cape Fear in March 1776. The British did not come ashore in any large number and intended to go to Charleston, South Carolina, instead. The Battalions were marched to Wilmington but saw no action. They saw no action and were disbanded on August 13, 1776. The troops were sent home.[12]
The 1st Battalion of Militia was commanded by Colonel Thomas Brown. The 2nd Battalion of Militia was commanded by Col. Peter Dauge. Col. Philemon Hawkins, Jr. had initially been appointed as commander of the 2nd Battalion but he declined the commission.[12][13]
Bladen County Regiment
[edit]The Bladen County Regiment established in Bladen County on July 16, 1775. It was authorized on September 9, 1775 by the Province of North Carolina Congress and commanded by Col. Thomas Robeson, Jr. (1775–1779, 1781), Col. Thomas Brown (1778–1782), and Col. Thomas Owen (1776–1783, 2nd colonel). The regiment was engaged in 16 known battles and skirmishes between 1776 and 1781. It was disbanded at the end of the war in 1783.[14][15][16][17]
Brunswick County Regiment
[edit]The Brunswick County Regiment was subordinated to the Wilmington District Brigade. It was established in March 1775. The first commander of the regiment was Colonel Robert Howe.[18][19]
Cumberland County Regiment
[edit]The Cumberland County Regiment was subordinate to the Wilmington District Brigade. The regiment was established on September 9, 1775. The first commander was Colonel Thomas Rutherford.[20]
Duplin County Regiment
[edit]The Duplin County Regiment was subordinate to the Wilmington District Brigade. The regiment was established on September 9, 1775. The first commander was Colonel James Kenan.[21]
New Hanover County Regiment
[edit]The New Hannover County Regiment was subordinated to the Wilmington District Brigade. The regiment was established in March 1775. The initial commander was Colonel James Moore.[22][23]
Onslow County Regiment
[edit]The Onslow County Regiment was subordinate to the Wilmington Districgt Brigade. It was established on September 9, 1775. The first commander of the regiment was Colonel William Cray.[24][25]
Engagements
[edit]Regiments of the Wilmington District Brigade were involved in 49 known engagements (battles, sieges, and skirmishes), including one in Georgia, 9 in South Carolina, 39 in North Carolina. The 1st and 2nd Battalion of Militia did not see any action. One or more companies of these regiments were involved in each engagement.[1]
| Order | Date | Battle | State | Bladen |
Brunswick |
Cumberland |
Duplin |
New Hanover |
Onslow
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 7/18/1775 | Battle of Fort Johnston #1 | NC | x | |||||
| 2 | 11/16/1775 to 11/21/1775 | Battle of Fort Johnston #2 | NC | x | |||||
| 3 | 1/27/1776 to 1/28/1776 | Battle of Fort Johnston #3 | NC | x | |||||
| 4 | 2/10/1776 | Battle of Cape Fear River | NC | x | |||||
| 5 | 2/27/1776 | Battle of Moore's Creek Bridge | NC | x | x | x | x | x | |
| 6 | 3/8/1776 to 3/12/1776 | Battle of Fort Johnston #4 | NC | x | |||||
| 7 | 4/6/1776 | Battle of Brunswick Town #1 | NC | x | |||||
| 8 | 5/1/1776 to 5/3/1776 | Battle of Fort Johnston #5 | NC | x | |||||
| 9 | 5/17/1776 | Battle of Brunswick Town #2 | NC | x | |||||
| 10 | 5/23/1776 | Battle of Fort Johnston #6 | NC | x | |||||
| 11 | 6/28/1776 | Battle of Fort Moultrie #1 | SC | x | |||||
| 12 | 3/3/1779 | Battle of Briar Creek | GA | x | x | x | x | x | |
| 13 | 6/20/1779 | Battle of Stono Ferry | SC | x | x | x | x | ||
| 14 | 1/30/1780 | Battle of Heron's Bridge | NC | x | x | x | x | x | |
| 15 | 3/28/1780 to 5/12/1780 | Siege of Charleston 1780 | SC | x | x | x | x | x | |
| 16 | 3/29/1780 to 3/30/1780 | Battle of Gibbes' Plantation | SC | x | |||||
| 17 | 8/11/1780 | Battle of Little Lynches Creek | SC | x | x | ||||
| 18 | 8/16/1780 | Battle of Camden | SC | x | x | x | x | x | |
| 19 | 10/14/1780 | Battle of Shallow Ford | NC | x | |||||
| 20 | 10/1/1780 to 10/30/1780 | Battle of Myhand's Bridge #1 | NC | x | |||||
| 21 | 10/7/1780 | Battle of Kings Mountain | SC | x | |||||
| 22 | 10/30/1780 | Battle of Bear Swamp | SC | x | |||||
| 23 | 1/28/1781 | Battle of Wilmington #1 | NC | x | |||||
| 24 | 2/1/1781 to 2/28/1781 | Battle of Bacon's Inlet | NC | x | |||||
| 25 | 3/1/1781 | Battle of Cole's Bridge | NC | x | |||||
| 26 | 3/1/1781 to 3/31/1780 | Battle of Rouse's Tavern | NC | x | |||||
| 27 | 3/15/1781 | Battle of Guilford Court House | NC | x | x | x | |||
| 28 | 3/27/1781 | Battle of Barbeque Church | NC | x | |||||
| 29 | 5/11/1781 | Battle of Cohera Swamp | NC | x | |||||
| 30 | 5/13/1781 | Battle of Legat's Bridge | NC | x | |||||
| 31 | 5/13/1781 | Battle of Myhand's Bridge #2 | NC | x | |||||
| 32 | 5/16/1781 | Battle of Portevent's Mill | NC | x | |||||
| 33 | 7/1/1781 to 7/31/1781 | Battle of Ray's Mill Creek | NC | x | |||||
| 34 | 7/4/1781 | Battle of Wilmington #2 | NC | x | |||||
| 35 | 7/26/1781 | Battle of Stewart's Creek #2 | NC | x | x | ||||
| 36 | 7/29/1781 | Battle of House in the Horseshoe | NC | x | |||||
| 37 | 8/2/1781 | Battle of Rockfish Creek | NC | x | x | ||||
| 38 | 8/4/1781 | Battle of Beatti's Bridge | NC | x | |||||
| 39 | 8/14/1781 | Battle of Cumberland County Court House | NC | x | |||||
| 40 | 8/19/1781 | Battle of New Bern | NC | x | |||||
| 41 | 8/27/1781 | Battle of Tory Hole[26] | NC | x | x | ||||
| 42 | 9/1/1781 | Battle of Little Raft Swamp | NC | x | |||||
| 43 | 9/1/1781 to 9/30/1781 | Battle of Brown Marsh | NC | x | x | x | |||
| 44 | 9/1/1781 to 9/30/1781 | Battle of Hood's Creek | NC | x | x | ||||
| 45 | 9/8/1781 | Battle of Eutaw Springs | SC | x | |||||
| 46 | 9/13/1781 | Battle of Lindley's Mill | NC | x | x | ||||
| 47 | 10/15/1781 | Battle of Raft Swamp | NC | x | |||||
| 48 | 11/18/1781 | Evacuation of Wilmington | NC | x | x | x | |||
| 49 | 12/1/1781 to 12/31/1781 | Battle of Big Juniper Creek | NC | x |
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Lewis, J.D. "The American Revolution in North Carolina, Wilmington District Brigade of militia". Retrieved March 9, 2019.
- ^ Howard, Josh. "NCPedia, North Carolina in the US Revolution". Retrieved March 5, 2019.
- ^ Crow, Jeffrey J. (1975). A Chronicle of North Carolina During the American Revolution, 1763–1789. Raleigh: North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources, Division of Archives and History.
- ^ Durham, J. Lloyd. "Outfitting an American Revolutionary Soldier, Equipment of a Militiaman". NCPedia. Retrieved March 9, 2019.
- ^ Howard, Josh. "North Carolina in the US Revolution". NCPedia. Retrieved March 9, 2019.
- ^ Lewis, J.D. "The American Revolution in North Carolina, Militia". Retrieved March 8, 2019.
- ^ Towles, Louis P. (2006). "Colonial Militia". NCPedia. Retrieved March 9, 2019.
- ^ Maupin, Armistead Jones (1988). "Philemon Hawkins". NCPedia.
- ^ Fry, Claudia A. (1986). "Peter Dauge-Dozier". Retrieved April 20, 2019.
- ^ Smith, Maud Thomas (1994). "Thomas Robeson". NCPedia.
- ^ Littleton, Tucker Reed (1979). "William Cray". NCPedia.
- ^ a b Lewis, J.D. "NC 2nd Battalion". The American Revolution in North Carolina. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
- ^ Lewis, J.D. "NC 1st Battalion". The American Revolution in North Carolina. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
- ^ Lewis, J.D. "Bladen County Regiment". The American Revolution in North Carolina. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
- ^ Smith, Maud Thomas (1994). "Thomas Robeson". NCPedia. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
- ^ Snow, Claude H. Jr. (1979). "Thomas Brown". NCPedia. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
- ^ Powell, Williams S. (1991). "Thomas Owen". NCPedia. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
- ^ Lewis, J.D. "Brunswick County Regiment". carolana.com. Retrieved December 16, 2019.
- ^ Rankin, Hugh F. (1988). "Howe, Robert | NCpedia". NCPEDIA. Retrieved December 17, 2019.
- ^ Lewis, J.D. "North Carolina Cumberland County Regiment". carolana.com. Retrieved December 16, 2019.
- ^ Lewis, J.D. "Duplin County Regiment". carolana.com. Retrieved December 16, 2019.
- ^ Lewis, J.D. "New Hanover County Regiment". carolana.com. Retrieved December 16, 2019.
- ^ Troxler, George (1991). "Moore, James". In Powell, William S. (ed.). Dictionary of North Carolina Biography. Vol. 4 (L-O). Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-1918-0.
- ^ Lewis, J.D. "Onslow County Regiment". carolana.com. Retrieved December 16, 2019.
- ^ Littleton, Tucker Reed (1979). "William Cray". NCPEDIA. Retrieved December 17, 2019.
- ^ Tetterton, Beverly (2006). "Battle of Elizabethtown, Tory Hole". NCPedia.
- Paul David Nelson. William Tryon and the Course of Empire. Chapel Hill, NC: Univ of North Carolina Press, 1990. pp. 42-43.