Wikipedia:WikiProject Islam/Did you know

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... that although Uzun-Hajji and Najmuddin of Gotzo (both pictured) were originally political allies, they later fought on opposing sides of the Russian Civil War?
... that Edi Rama and Baba Mondi plan to create the smallest nation in the world?
... that Abdul Ali Deobandi stipulated that women were prohibited from learning to read and write, even at home?
... that Fatimid vizier al-Ma'mun al-Bata'ihi helped empower Caliph al-Amir, only to be later imprisoned and executed by him?
... that George Krugers was circumcised so he could pass as Muslim and film The Great Mecca Feast?
... that Israel's systematic destruction of trees and farmland in Gaza has been described as an ecocide?
... that a ring-tailed monkey named Jenny threw billiard balls down a flight of stairs to alert firefighters to a fire in their own building?
... that Mohammad Saifullah Ozaki, an academic in Japan born to a Hindu family in Bangladesh, became a leader in the Islamic State?
... that the exhibition Heaven on Earth: Art from Islamic Lands included art from the 8th to 19th centuries (object pictured)?
... that Ibrahim al-Imam secretly orchestrated the Abbasid Revolution that toppled the Umayyad Caliphate, but was captured and died in prison shortly before the Abbasid army defeated the Umayyads?

... that Nigeria's Muslim–Muslim ticket challenges the norm of religious balance in politics?
... that in Zaydi Shi'ism, the imamate was not inherited or appointed but had to be claimed by public summons for allegiance or even leadership of an armed revolt?
... that some faqih have suggested that vegetarian Muslims should replace the Eid sacrifice with donations or fasting?
... that a 2000 documentary exposed the secret support of female genital mutilation by Norwegian imams?
... that a 2010 documentary claimed to expose how the Muslim Brotherhood infiltrates Western society from within?
... that Muslims believe that giving to the poor on the last Friday of Ramadan (prayers pictured) will bring them wealth and blessings during the year and in the future?
... that the Mosque of Ulmas al-Hajib has the first "flat" muqarnas vault (pictured) in Cairo?
... that Muhsin Hendricks of South Africa has been described as "the world's first openly gay imam"?
... that historians oppose the removal of a 150-year-old mosque in New Delhi for alleged traffic congestion, citing its cultural significance?
... that more than 150 years of documentary sources at the Central Archives of Gaza City were destroyed during the Israel–Hamas war?
... that most objects in the travelling exhibition Empire of the Sultans bore calligraphy (example pictured)?
... that Akram Nadwi addressed the lack of Islamic women scholars highlighted in a Time article by composing al-Wafa bi Asma al-Nisa, a 43-volume work with more than 10,000 entries?
... that the Uganda Muslim Supreme Council became the richest landlord in Uganda after inheriting land left behind by Asian Muslims expelled under Idi Amin?
... that as Malaysian prime minister, Mahathir Mohamad called the outcomes of the 1992 Earth Summit "eco-imperialism"?
... that Nusrati attributes the virtues of a good ruler to his patron Ali Adil Shah II in The Rose Garden of Love (manuscript scene pictured)?
... that authorities said the killing of Wadea al-Fayoume in Illinois was a response to the 2023 Israel–Hamas war?
... that opening a Falnama on a painting of the queen of the fairies (example pictured) meant a prediction of good fortune?
... that in his 2000 book, Michael Cook argues that the West prefers to "rescue" people after wrongdoing has occurred, while Muslims prefer to "forbid wrong"?
... that the Madrasa Ghaziuddin Khan is one of the few surviving madrasas dating from the Mughal Empire, and the oldest continuing school in Delhi, India?
... that the crusading movement defined concepts of warfare throughout medieval Europe?
... that the Book of Roads and Kingdoms includes illustrations so geometric that they are barely recognizable as maps (example pictured)?
... that in 930, the Qarmatians sacked Mecca, massacred Hajj pilgrims, plundered the Kaaba, and carried off the Black Stone to their homeland in Bahrayn?
... that the restricted life of the Shia imam Ali al-Hadi under Abbasid surveillance ended the imams' direct leadership of the Shia community?
... that Khalwa (pupils pictured) is an educational institute that tackles illiteracy in Sudan and neighbouring countries?
... that Urwa ibn al-Zubayr has been called the founder of Islamic historiography?
... that medieval Muslim historians blamed al-Amir bi-Ahkam Allah for the loss of much of Palestine to the crusaders but, in reality, he played no role in the Fatimid government during that period?
... that Musa va 'Uj (pictured) depicts figures from all three Abrahamic religions?
... that Muhammad al-Jawad was the ninth of the Twelve Imams and, with his unexplained death at about twenty-five, the shortest-lived?
... that Abdul Ghani Azhari wrote Qadim Tarikh-e-Gujjar in Urdu, detailing the ancient history of Gujjars in India?
... that according to some Shi'i Muslim authors who wrote under the name of al-Mufaddal ibn Umar al-Ju'fi, unbelievers will be reincarnated into animal, vegetable, or mineral bodies?
... that the last Fatimid caliph, al-Adid, came to the throne as a child, was dominated by his viziers, and died a few days after Saladin abolished the Fatimid regime?
... that the Uthmaniyya, the partisans of Uthman, the third Muslim caliph, killed his assassin Kinana ibn Bishr in the First Muslim Civil War?
... that the Fatimid boy caliph al-Fa'iz bi-Nasr Allah was raised to the throne by the vizier, who had killed his father and uncles?
... that a teenager planned to blow up the tomb of Islamic saint Habib Noh because he believed that it was un-Islamic?
... that the demolition of the Shrine of Husayn's Head, probably the most important Shi'a Muslim shrine in Israel, may have been related to efforts to transfer Palestinians out of the country?
... that the Kitab al-wadih bi-l-haqq is a critique of Islam written by a convert to Coptic Christianity during a period of persecution?
... that Adib Pishavari likened Britain to an old fox?
... that the British Museum's 2012 exhibition Hajj: Journey to the Heart of Islam included textiles from the Kaaba (example pictured) that were described as bringing "a visceral artistic buzz to the display"?
... that the Paradise of Wisdom, an early Islamic medical encyclopedia, describes an abortion-causing stone?
... that Rabab Al-Kadhimi was threatened with deportation from Egypt due to the political nature of her poetry?
... that Malabo Mosque cost about two billion Central African CFA francs to build?
... that Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Nasafi was the first theologian to introduce concepts from Neoplatonism into Isma'ili doctrine?
... that Fateh Muhammad Panipati has been called the al-Jazari of contemporary times?
... that the 14th-century Tashfiniya Madrasa in Tlemcen was demolished by French colonial authorities in 1876?
... that the Maizbhandari order of Sufism in Bangladesh is each year host to reportedly the fifth-largest gathering of Muslims in the world?
... that Rahmah el Yunusiyah founded four Islamic schools for women in Indonesia despite being made to leave school herself at the age of 16?
... that some women have left professional soccer because of the French Football Federation's ban on playing in hijab?
... that the 2022 Sweden riots stemmed from an anti-Islamic group burning a Quran during Ramadan with police permission?
... that the Storia de Mahometh contains the earliest Latin translation of any part of the Quran?
... that Iranian Sunni scholars condemned the Imam Reza shrine stabbings carried out by a Takfiri extremist?
... that Visigothic noblewoman Sara al-Qutiyya took back the land her uncle stole by travelling to Damascus and petitioning the caliph?
... that "What do you hope to achieve with this?" were the last words of the Nigerian college student Deborah Yakubu while being lynched for alleged blasphemy?
... that during the Qarmatian invasion of Iraq, the Abbasid Caliphate raised an army of more than 40,000 men to protect Baghdad, but did not engage the few thousand Qarmatians in battle?
... that the Göğceli Mosque (pictured) in Turkey, constructed in 1206 with stacked planks without using nails, is still in use?
... that Al-Wishah fi Fawa'id al-Nikah, a 15th-century Islamic sex manual by Egyptian writer Al-Suyuti, was based on both traditional hadith literature and material influenced by Indian erotology?
... that in the 960s, the Brethren of Purity wrote an epistle where Christians, Jews, and Muslims are sued by Quran-reading animals?
... that a call to prayer is a common feature to Christianity, Islam and Judaism?
... that messianic rebel Abu al-Umaytir's attempt to restore the Umayyad Caliphate in Damascus was defeated by the forces of the Abbasid loyalist Ibn Bayhas?
... that in the judgment of historians, the Fatimid caliph al-Musta'li "had no noteworthy life", as he was a puppet of his vizier, al-Afdal?
... that the Dar al-Kiswa in Egypt made ornamental curtains for the Kaaba in Mecca?
... that Abd al-Rahim ibn Ilyas, heir apparent of the Fatimid Caliphate, was arrested after the caliph's death and died in captivity under unclear circumstances?
... that Baha al-Din Qaraqush built the Cairo Citadel (pictured) on behalf of the sultan, Saladin?
... that the northernmost mosque in the Western Hemisphere (pictured) was built in Winnipeg and shipped to Inuvik by barge and truck?
... that Qadi al-Fadil began his career under the Fatimids, became Saladin's chief minister, and was renowned for the elegance of his epistolary writing?
... that during the Battle of the Blacks in August 1169, Saladin ordered his forces to attack and torch his opponents' quarters, where their wives and children had been left?
... that Da'ud, the heir apparent of the last Fatimid caliph, spent almost his entire life imprisoned by the succeeding Ayyubid dynasty?
... that the 13th-century Iplikçi Mosque in Konya, Turkey, contains a mihrab with traces of mosaic tiling which is the oldest extant example of Anatolian Seljuk art?
... that the Iraqi paramilitary Saraya Awliya al-Dam has a Telegram account?
... that most of the Timurid 15th-century Musalla complex (remains pictured) was destroyed in 1885 by the British and the Emir of Afghanistan, Abdul Rahman Khan?
... that Muhammad Sadiq's photographs were the first ever taken of the Islamic holy sites in Mecca and Medina?
... that in his 1683 work Qingzhen Zhinan, Chinese Islamic scholar Ma Zhu recommended the "official persecution" of Sufis?
... that the Taliban secured victory in the Battle of Lashkargah soon after suicide–car-bombing the police headquarters, a crucial chokepoint of the city's defense?
... that the Islamic website Askimam has been called more comprehensive, influential and wide-ranging than the web resources of al-Azhar and its sympathisers put together?
... that Abul Kalam Qasmi translated E. M. Forster's Aspects of the Novel into Urdu?
... that Muhammad Ali Mungeri was the prime founder of Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama, a major Islamic seminary in India?
... that the Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind divided into two factions in March 2008 due to differences between Arshad Madani and his nephew Mahmood Madani?
... that many Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant fighters were able to reunite with their kidnapped families after the 2021 Battle of Sambisa Forest?
... that Darul Uloom Deoband's first edict against terrorism in 2008 was signed by Habibur Rahman Khairabadi?
... that a 17th-century illustrated manuscript of the Anis Al-Hujjaj shows pilgrims sailing from the Indian subcontinent to Arabia (pictured)?
... that the first translation of the Quran into the Gojri language was authored by Mufti Faizul Waheed?
... that the Khalili Collection of Islamic Art includes an exceptionally large 17th-century astrolabe (pictured) commissioned by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan?
... that, on arriving at Mecca with a pilgrim caravan, the mahmal was given an elaborate fabric covering?
... that the Kharijites were the first sect to arise in Islam?
... that the basic design for the sitaras that decorate the Kaaba dates back to the 16th century?
... that Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai is considered the greatest Sufi poet in the Sindhi language?
... that four members of the Usmani family were co-founders of the Darul Uloom Deoband seminary, where the Deobandi movement began?
... that the ornamental dome of the Great Mosque of Tlemcen is considered one of the most exceptional examples of Almoravid architecture?
... that the Khalili Collection of Hajj and the Arts of Pilgrimage has a 16th-century manuscript (pictured) showing Alexander the Great praying at the Kaaba?
... that the Kharijite leader Abu Bilal Mirdas defeated a 2,000-strong Umayyad army with his band of forty?
... that Mus'ab ibn al-Zubayr, the Zubayrid governor of Iraq during the Second Fitna (680–692), fought the Umayyad army at the Battle of Maskin almost alone?
... that Kirka Sharif houses the cloak of the Prophet Muhammad, the founder of Islam?
... that 50 books from a total of over 150 books authored by Pakistani historian Abu Salman Shahjahanpuri are about the Indian scholar and independence activist Abul Kalam Azad?
... that the tomb of Muhammad Ahmad in Sudan was desecrated by British forces after the Battle of Omdurman in 1898?
... that Kafilur Rahman Nishat Usmani translated the Islamic law book Fatawa 'Alamgiri from Arabic into Urdu?
... that the 9th-century Abbasid caliph al-Wathiq, whose five-year reign is considered by historians to be unremarkable, was heavily fictionalized in the 18th-century Gothic fantasy novel Vathek?
... that the jibba (pictured), a Sudanese coat, symbolised a dedication to a religious way of life and denoted the military rank of the wearer?
... that in Islamic art, the shamsa is found in places as diverse as on carpets, inside domes (example pictured), and forming the frontispiece of books?
... that Mauree Turner is the first publicly non-binary individual elected to a U.S. state legislature?
... that the minbar of the Ibrahimi Mosque in the Cave of the Patriarchs in Hebron was originally made for a Fatimid shrine in Ashkelon?
... that according to local legend, the catfish that inhabit the reservoir at the Shah Jalal Dargah (grave pictured) are the cursed and reincarnated soldiers of Gour Govinda?
... that Japanese occupying forces reportedly sentenced Fatah Jasin to death, but Japan surrendered and Indonesia became independent before he could be executed?
... that Jewish homes in the Diaspora often feature a mizrah wall hanging (example pictured) to indicate the direction of prayer towards Jerusalem?
... that despite an extensive history of Islam in the Arctic, the first mosque (pictured) in the Canadian Arctic was only built in 2010?
... that Christians belonging to the Oriental Orthodox Churches pray at seven fixed prayer times?
... that one of the survivors of the Battle of Fakhkh, Idris ibn Abdallah, went on to establish his own dynasty in Morocco?
... that when the wealthy Abbasid prince Muhammad ibn Sulayman died in 789, government agents found vast quantities of spoilt food in his palace, and dumped it on the street outside?
... that Muhammad al-Qunawi wrote a Turkish edition of Al-Khalili's tables because, according to him, "some of our sons wanted, from this poor man, to learn about sine tables"?
... that the Isma'ili leader Ibn Hawshab had to surrender his son as hostage to a rival, who returned him after a year with a golden necklace as a gift?
... that when his enemy Alfonso XI succumbed to the Black Death while besieging Gibraltar, Yusuf I of Granada (coin pictured) ordered his forces not to attack Alfonso's army as they carried the body home?
... that astronomer Mustafa ibn Ali wrote mostly in Ottoman Turkish rather than Arabic, in order to make his field more accessible in the Ottoman Empire?
... that today at 09:27 UTC, the direction to Mecca can be determined by looking at the shadow cast by a stick (diagram pictured)?
... that the Nizari (Assassin) garrison of Gerdkuh resisted the siege of Mongol invaders for 13 more years after the surrender of their leaders?
... that Dragut built the Sidi Darghut Mosque (pictured) in Tripoli on the site of a Hospitaller church, and was later buried there after being killed whilst attacking the Hospitallers in the Great Siege of Malta?
... that during the 1985 Gujarat riots, police in Ahmedabad attacked and burned down the offices of a newspaper?
... that in 1324, Ismail I of Granada likely directed the first use of cannons in the Iberian Peninsula?
... that the deaths of the leading Muslim commanders in Syria from the plague of Amwas in 639 paved the way for the establishment of the Umayyad Caliphate?
... that Muhammad and his followers in Medina originally faced Jerusalem as their direction for prayer?
... that Muhammad al-Riquti taught Muslims, Christians, and Jews at his school under the patronage of the future Alfonso X of Castile?
... that religious timekeepers employed by the Umayyad Mosque (pictured) in Damascus included a 14th-century astronomer who proposed geocentric models mathematically identical to those later proposed by Copernicus?
... that the Fatimid military commander Dirgham abandoned his pupil Ruzzik ibn Tala'i, the vizier, to be deposed and killed by Shawar, only to overthrow the latter a few months later?
... that in 1138–39, Fatimid vizier Ridwan ibn Walakhshi attempted to overthrow the Isma'ili caliphate and replace it with a Sunni regime headed by himself?
... that the bypassing of Nizar in the Fatimid caliphal succession, and his subsequent revolt and execution, led to a split in the Isma'ili branch of Shia Islam that lasts to this day?
... that although afarit are not necessarily components of a person, but independent entities, a common belief in Islamic Egypt associates them with part of a human's soul?
... that the Fatimid Caliphate prepared their conquest of Egypt in 969 through a long and patient propaganda effort, resulting in it being swift and almost unopposed?
... that the Khalili Collections (manuscript folio shown) comprise some 35,000 works of art assembled by Nasser D. Khalili over five decades?
... that after leading a failed rebellion in his native Morocco, Uthman ibn Abi al-Ula led the Volunteers of the Faith in Granada, where he became a major political figure?
... that when Osama bin Laden issued his 1998 fatwa proclaiming jihad against the U.S. and its allies, many Islamic jurists stressed that he was not qualified either to proclaim jihad or to issue a fatwa?
... that Ziyad ibn Abi Sufyan (dirhams pictured), the first governor of a unified Iraqi province, restarted the Muslim conquests in Khurasan?
... that Chinese Muslim scholar Yu Zhengui worked as a laogai labourer during the Cultural Revolution?
... that a former member of ISIS who was arrested in 2016 and released in 2017 attacked a police and army patrol in Tripoli, killing four people, in 2019?
... that the anti-Muslim Ełk riots in Poland led to the launch of the ironic The Kebab War website, which listed attacks on kebab eateries?
... that the historic wooden Kruszyniany Mosque (pictured) was targeted in 2014 during a wave of attacks on mosques in Poland?
... that the Qutb Minar complex, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Delhi, houses the tomb (pictured) of one of Muhammad's descendants?
... that after the 1924 abolition of the Caliphate (illustration shown), numerous leaders vied unsuccessfully to resurrect the title of caliph for themselves?
... that Raja ibn Haywa, an adviser to the Umayyad caliphs, supervised the financing for the construction of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem?
... that the name of the Afsarwala tomb (pictured) translates as 'officer's tomb', but the identity of the occupant is unknown?
... that an inscription at the tomb of Isa Khan claims that it is an "asylum of paradise"?
... that the tomb of Sultan Alauddin Khalji (pictured) was built inside an Islamic school in Delhi, India?
... that the new Djamaa el Djazaïr mosque (pictured) is the tallest building in Africa?
... that 11th-century scholar Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Naysaburi, an authority on the early history of Isma'ilism, composed the first official genealogy of the Fatimid dynasty?
... that al-Muhallab ibn Abi Sufra is credited with introducing iron stirrups to the warhorses of early Muslim armies?
... that the fatwa against insulting revered Sunni figures issued by Ayatollah Ali Khamenei was described as winning "widespread praise"?
... that the Babri Masjid, a mosque built in 1528, was demolished in 1992 after a political rally turned violent?
... that Salahuddin Wahid had a public newspaper debate with his brother on their father's vision for Indonesia?
... that the 1938 book Composite Nationalism and Islam by Hussain Ahmed Madani argued that different religions do not constitute different nationalities?
... that Church Fathers such as Irenaeus, Justin Martyr, Clement of Alexandria, and Lactantius accepted the association of the angelic descent myth with the "sons of God" passage in Genesis 6?
... that in 684–85, Caliph Marwan I reestablished Umayyad authority in Syria and Egypt after its collapse across the caliphate?
... that the All India Azad Muslim Conference represented several Islamic organisations that opposed the partition of India?
... that activist Linda Sarsour (pictured) was a leader of the 2017 Women's March and the 2019 Women's March?
... that the 2019 Khash–Zahedan suicide bombing, which killed 27 of the Iranian Revolutionary Guards Corps, has been reported as one of the deadliest attacks in Iran in years?
... that former prime minister of India Manmohan Singh called the events of the First War of Indian Independence in 1857 a testimony to Hindu–Muslim unity?
... that the Qarmatian movement began when Hamdan Qarmat denounced the claims of Abdallah, the future founder of the Fatimid Caliphate, to be the Islamic Messiah?
... that Sir Harry Luke called the Turkish Military Cemetery and the adjacent Jewish Cemetery in Marsa, Malta, "the only place in the world where Arabs and Jews lie peacefully together"?
... that the followers of Abu Sa'id al-Jannabi, the founder of the Qarmatian state in Bahrayn, believed that he would return after his death, and kept a saddled horse at the entrance of his tomb?
... that as an ally of the Mamluk Sultanate, the Kingdom of al-Abwab provided an Assassin to watch over the Mamluk puppet king in Dongola?
... that the Throne Hall of Dongola (pictured) is the oldest preserved mosque in Sudan?
... that a small group of besieged Nizari Ismailis in the fortress of Shahdiz refused an offer of a safe withdrawal and fought against the Seljuk army from tower to tower in a last stand?
... that a letter authored by Ali, the first Shia Imam, to Malik al-Ashtar, governor of Egypt, includes a model for governing based on justice for every place and every time?
... that a ruling by the European Court of Justice allowing employers to ban staff from wearing the hijab has been described as a normalization of hijabophobia?
... that Averroes wrote on subjects as diverse as philosophy, Islamic jurisprudence, medicine, and astronomy?
... that a passage in Al-Ahqaf is used by some Islamic jurists to argue that the lower limit of fetal viability in Islamic law is 25 weeks?
... that the term sharia is mentioned only once in the Quran, in a verse in its 45th chapter?
... that the Quranic chapter Al-Mumtahanah (manuscript pictured) declares that marriages between Muslims and polytheists are invalid according to Islamic law?
... that while most Indonesians do not speak Arabic, they learn to read the Quran using a textbook called Iqro?
... that Satan frequently appeared as a comic relief figure in late medieval mystery plays, in which he "frolicked, fell, and farted in the background"?
... that many modern Bible scholars consider the story of the prophet Jonah a work of satire?
... that though the Saleh Kamboh Mosque of Lahore was built during Mughal emperor Aurangzeb's reign, it has architectural features of the Shah Jahani era?
... that after the unsuccessful Mudéjar revolt of 1264–66, Castile expelled the surviving Muslims?
... that Khufiyya (shrine complex pictured) is the oldest of the four Sufi orders established in China?
... that Frederica Wilson suggested that President Donald Trump's response to the deaths of four American soldiers in the Tongo Tongo ambush in Niger might become his Benghazi incident?
... that Nakhl Gardani (pictured) is a ritual in which a woody structure symbolizing Husayn ibn Ali's coffin is carried on the day of Ashura?
... that though Mohsin Raza was made the Minority Affairs Minister of an Indian state, he was neither a member of the state legislative assembly or the legislative council?
... that Seyyed Abdollah Behbahani, a Shia theologian and leader of the constitutional movement, was assassinated in Iran and buried in Iraq?
... that the 58th chapter of the Quran explains how Muhammad's original position on the legal status of divorced women was overruled?
... that the 32nd chapter of the Quran is known by the name "The Prostration", and alternatively, "The Beds"?
... that the Indian legislator Siddiqullah Chowdhury is critical of the Sheikh Hasina-led government of Bangladesh?
... that Muhammad I of Granada (pictured), founder of the last Muslim state in Spain, helped Castile take Córdoba and Seville from the Muslims?
... that the Islamic prophet Muhammad was reported to have said that whoever recited the Quranic chapter Al-Waqi'a every night would "never be afflicted by need"?
... that the 34th chapter of the Quran was named after Sheba, but does not talk about the Queen of Sheba?
... that the 49th chapter of the Quran compares backbiting, a sin in Islam, to "eating the flesh of one's brother"?
... that one of the last Quranic chapters revealed in Mecca, called "The Sundering", talks about the Day of Judgment?
... that according to Abu Hurairah, the Islamic prophet Muhammad often recited the Quranic chapter Al-Insan on Friday during the early morning prayer?
... that the tenth chapter of the Quran is named after Jonah, even though only 1 of its 109 verses mentions him?
... that the Kurşunlu Mosque and Complex hosts a museum that exhibits handmade meerschaum pipes?
... that Muhammad's first wife Khadija and uncle Abu Talib died in the same year, traditionally known as the Year of Sorrow?
... that Charles V ordered the conversion of his Muslim subjects in the Crown of Aragon, despite having sworn an oath not to do so?
... that Indonesian Muslim cleric Hasyim Muzadi said that the September 11 attacks were a "tragedy of humanity" and must not be turned into a religious conflict?
... that in 2016, the Parliament of Canada passed a motion condemning Islamophobia?
... that when the Islamic State captured Qandala in 2016, the group hoisted its flag on the building in which Somali folk hero Ali Fahiye Gedi had been imprisoned for burning the Italian flag in 1914?
... that Avicenna made an argument to prove the existence of God which became known as the "Proof of the Truthful"?
... that according to Haddad-Adel in The Culture of Nakedness and the Nakedness of Culture, Western clothes are different from those of the Easterners due to their different viewpoints towards "humankind"?
... that last year, the Indonesian province of Aceh processed 324 court cases and carried out at least 100 caning sentences under its Islamic criminal code?
... that Qard al-Hasan is considered a "beautiful loan" in Islam, because the borrower is Allah and not the person who receives the loan?
... that the six-year reign of the caliph al-Muktafi saw the Abbasid Caliphate recover the territories of Egypt and Syria, marking the last revival in its fortunes before its collapse?
... that al-Makzun al-Sinjari is "perhaps the most prominent individual in Alawite history"?
... that Sheikh Morteza Ansari's Makasib, authored more than 150 years ago, is still taught in Shia seminaries?
... that the Islamic State claimed responsibility for the 2016 Al-Karak attack against the "apostate Jordanian security forces"?
... that Ibrahim ibn al-Ashtar killed Umayyad commander Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad at the Battle of Khazir?
... that 14 Muslim female athletes won medals at the 2016 Olympic Games?
... that according to a hadith by the Islamic prophet Muhammad, sadaqa removes seventy gates of evil?
... that in 1951, Prime Minister of Iran Haj Ali Razmara was shot dead by a religious fanatic while attending a memorial service at Tehran's Shah Mosque (pictured)?
... that the 1994 bomb explosion in the Imam Reza shrine in Mashhad left at least 25 dead and 70 to 300 injured?
... that al-Baqi cemetery, former site of the mausoleum of four Shi'a Imams (pictured), was leveled to the ground by Wahhabis in 1806 and in the mid-1920s?
... that the Women's Antifascist Front of Bosnia and Herzegovina's 1947 campaign against the face veil was supported by the Grand Mufti Ibrahim Fejić, who called it an obstacle to gender equality?
... that after 12,000 Wahhabis from the first Saudi State sacked Karbala and killed at least 2,000 people, they left the city with 4,000 camels carrying their plunder?
... that Omar Mateen, who in June 2016 committed the deadliest mass shooting in the United States by a single gunman, previously appeared in the documentary film The Big Fix?
... that the İskender Pasha Mosque in Fatih, Istanbul, became the center of an Islamic religious order to which several prominent Turkish politicians belonged?
... that Husayn ibn Ruh, the third deputy of Muhammad al-Mahdi, was from the Nawbakhti family who had high position in the Abbasid court?
... that the late 15th-century Evliya Kasim Pasha Mosque in Edirne, Turkey, has not been used since 1950 due to its separation from the city by a levee of the Tunca River?
... that Druze chieftain Ismail al-Atrash established his own sheikhdom out of territory he captured from the Hamdan clan?
... that Narjis converted to Islam on the request of Mary, the mother of Jesus, and Fatimah, the daughter of Muhammad, whom she saw in her dreams?
... that Kashf al-Asrar (The Unveiling of Secrets) was written by Ruhollah Khomeini to answer the criticisms of Shia Islam published in a pamphlet titled The Thousand-Year Secrets?
... that the interior of the Jami Masjid, Khambhat, (pictured) has an open courtyard with 100 columns built from ruins of Hindu and Jain temples?
... that the Hotel Amalo suicide car bombing was perpetrated by a 60-year-old Norwegian Labour Party supporter and Al-Shabaab member?
... that the imam of Norway's largest mosque has spoken at rallies in support of a self-confessed convicted murderer?
... that after death of Muhammad al-Mahdi's father, al-Mahdi appointed Uthman ibn Sa'id al-Asadi as his representative, making al-Asadi the main link between al-Mahdi and the Shia community?
... that Morisco crypto-Muslim author Young Man of Arévalo adapted passages from The Imitation of Christ in his Islamic devotional works?
... that Ibn Muljam assassinated the fourth caliph Ali at the request of his lover whose father and brother were killed by Ali's forces at the Battle of Nahrawan?
... that at the end of the reconquista, Islamic jurist Ahmad al-Wansharisi argued that it was compulsory for Spanish Muslims under Christian rule to emigrate to Muslim lands?
... that shortly after the forced conversions of Muslims in Castile, a fatwa was issued which allowed outward practice of Christianity while secretly keeping the Islamic faith?
... that Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid, a 10th-century Shia jurist and theologian, was said to be so persuasive in debate that he could convince his opponents "that a wooden column was actually gold"?
... that Islamic law scholar Ahmad ibn Abi Jum'ah likely did not issue the commonly named Oran fatwa in the city of Oran, but rather in Fez?
... that the Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra (pictured) mosque in India was constructed on the remains of a Sanskrit college?
... that the Forty Hadith authored by Ayatollah Khomeini is a collection of personal interpretations of 40 traditions attributed to the prophet Muhammad and The Twelve Imams?
... that Al-Masjid an-Nabawi (pictured), the second holiest mosque of Islam, was built by Muhammad partly on a burial ground?
... that the minaret adjoining the Malé Friday Mosque has a wide base like a ship's funnel and resembles a wedding cake?
... that the mihrab in the Kabuli Bagh Mosque has an epigraph which includes the "Throne Verse from the Quran"?
... that Singaporean women's rights activist Khatijun Nissa Siraj pressed for the creation of a Syariah Court and served as its first caseworker?
... that Al-Istibsar is one of the four major works of Shiite Islamic traditions authored by Shaykh Tusi, a Shia scholar?
... that Du'a Arafah is a Du'a that was narrated by Husayn ibn Ali, the third Imam of Shia?
... that Arba'een Pilgrimage, the world's largest annual gathering, is held every year 40 days after Ashura for the commemoration of Husayn ibn Ali's death?
... that the Pakistani politician, ex-colonel, and ex-commander of the 13th Lancers Shuja Khanzada was recently assassinated by suicide bombers?
... that the supplication of Abu Hamza al-Thumali was recited by Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin, the fourth Shia Imam, on every night or dawn of Ramadan?
... that the suspect who was subdued by six men during the train attack heading to Paris was shown on television in handcuffs at trial (prior to conviction), which is illegal in France?
... that Shia Muslims believe a future ruler of Yemen, named al-Yamani, will appear as one of the signs of the reappearance of Muhammad al-Mahdi?
... that 20th-century Indian Islamic scholar Asaf Ali Asghar Fyzee advocated the need to incorporate modern reforms in Islamic law without compromising on the "essential spirit of Islam"?
... that, in the view of both Shia and Sunni scholars, the Quran's Verse of Wilayah (5:55) was revealed in honour of Ali?
... that under the Ottomans, descendants of Muhammad would be tried and sentenced by a naqib al-ashraf instead of in regular court?
... that proposals to build a Muslim cemetery in Farmersville, Texas, have been met by death threats against city officials and threats to desecrate the site with pigs' blood?
... that the story of the People of Ditch, mentioned in the Quran, occurred in 520 or 523 A.D in the time of Dhu Nuwas, the last Himyarite king?
... that Supreme Leader of Iran Ayatollah Ali Khamenei issued a fatwa banning acquisition, development, and use of nuclear weapons?
... that Abbasid caliph al-Mu'tasim founded the new capital of Samarra to avoid clashes between his foreign troops and the populace of Baghdad?
... that the newly discovered Birmingham Quran manuscript (pictured) comprises fragments of an ancient Quran that may date to near Muhammad's lifetime?
... that the Alamgir Mosque, Varanasi, built in the 17th century over the ruins of a Hindu temple, has been described as "like a fist thrust in the face of Hinduism"?
... that at an Air Products factory in Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, a perpetrator beheaded the manager and then crashed the victim's van into gas cylinders, causing an explosion that injured two people?
... that the medieval Arab philosopher and skeptic al-Ma'arri wrote that religion consisted of ancient fables used to exploit the popular masses?
... that the Arab nobleman Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn al-Ash'ath led a major rebellion against the Umayyad Caliphate in 700–703?
... that Saladin's brother Tughtakin ibn Ayyub solidified Ayyubid control over Yemen in the late 12th century?
... that after the attack at the Curtis Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, the mother of one of the gunmen said her son had been brainwashed and she did not blame the police for killing him during the event?
... that several secularist writers and bloggers have been hacked to death in Bangladesh since 2013 by Islamist extremists?
... that Ahmadiyya in the United States was the most influential Muslim community in African American Islam until the 1950s?
... that the Badshahi Mosque (pictured) function as both a mosque and an idgah?
... that the Qila-i-Kuhna Mosque in Purana Qila, Delhi, was originally intended to be built in marble, but as it ran out of supply, red sandstone had to be used?
... that at least 15 people were killed and 70 injured during the Lahore church bombings?
... that the Great Mosque of Asmara (pictured) was built in 1938 on the initiative of Benito Mussolini to impress the local Muslim population?
... that the architectural design of the Moorish Mosque, Kapurthala is patterned after the Koutoubia Mosque in Marrakesh in Morocco?
... that the British wanted to destroy the Jama Masjid (pictured) after the Revolt of 1857?
... that the Press Association won a court case stating that it was within the public interest to know that five girls who had been given travel bans attended the same school as three who had recently joined ISIL?
... that in S.A.S. v. France, the European Court of Human Rights ruled that a ban on face covering did not violate the European Convention on Human Rights?
... that Ahmadiyya in Indonesia has played an influential role in the religious development of the country, yet in recent decades Ahmadis have faced persecution from religious establishments?
... that thousands of sacred monkeys (example pictured) inhabit the area around Saka Tunggal Mosque?
... that in the downloadable expansion, Crusader Kings II: Sword of Islam, players can send their characters on the Hajj to Mecca?
... that the production team on the downloadable expansion Crusader Kings II: Sons of Abraham wanted the expulsion of Jews to hurt players in the long run?
... that Iran's Supreme Leader, Khamenei, is alleged to be the first senior Islamic cleric directly addressing western youth about his religion?
... that the Sahifah of al-Ridha is a collection of 240 hadiths narrated by Ali ibn Musa al-Ridha, the eighth Shia Imam?
... that the Great Mosque of Salé (pictured) was temporarily closed during the French protectorate in Morocco to prevent it being used as a place to awaken awareness of Moroccan nationalism?
... that The Fifteen Whispered Prayers by Imam Zayn al-Abidin contains different prayers to be recited in accordance with one's present mood?
... that Germany used the Half Moon Camp to recruit fighters for a jihad against England and France?
... that the American jihadists Troy Kastigar (died in Somalia, 2009) and Douglas McCain (died in Syria, 2014) both hailed from the Twin Cities area in Minnesota and attended the same high school?
... that the c. 8th-century medical text Al-Risalah al-Dhahabiah, attributed to Ali al-Ridha, is also known as the "Golden Treatise"?
... that in 2013 Malek Fahd Islamic School was the largest Islamic school in Australia?
... that allegations that lepers, Jews and Muslims were conspiring against the Christians of Europe sparked international hysteria in June 1321?
... that the U.S. House Select Committee on Events Surrounding the 2012 Terrorist Attack in Benghazi is the fifth House committee to investigate this matter?
... that the Kota Kinabalu City Mosque is home to a fish farm?
... that due to the alleged Operation Trojan Horse, Birmingham City Council has put a temporary freeze on appointing new school governors?
... that although Lafran Pane is considered the founder of the Muslim Students' Association, members sometimes did not recognize him or considered him a government spy?
... that after the February 2014 suicide bombing of a tourist bus in Taba, Ansar Bait al-Maqdis threatened to attack tourists who did not leave Egypt within four days?
... that Muneer Awad successfully sued the state of Oklahoma to prevent it from forbidding state judges to decide cases using Islamic law?
... that the Grand Mosque of Constanța was the first structure in Romania to be constructed with reinforced concrete?
... that the 1981 Iraqi embassy bombing in Beirut is considered by some to be the first modern suicide bombing?
... that publication of The Diary of Malcolm X is being held up by a legal dispute between the publisher and some of Malcolm X's daughters?
... that when the Alid Muhammad the Pure Soul launched his abortive uprising against the Abbasids, Caliph al-Mansur is said to have remarked that at last he had "enticed the fox out of his hole"?
... that there are an estimated 90,000 Muslims in Angola?
... that the Kharijite uprising that began in the Jazira in 866, would last for 30 years before being suppressed by the Abbasid government?
... that Larabanga Mosque (pictured) is one of the eight ancient mosques in Ghana, and is considered the "Mecca of West Africa"?
... that Yazd's Amir Chakhmaq Complex (pictured) contains a bathhouse, caravanserai, confectionary, mosque, and tekyeh?
... that the Caliph al-Mu'tadid managed to halt the decline of the Abbasid Caliphate during his reign, but at the cost of a huge bureaucracy and some 80 percent of expenditure going to the army?
... that the stoning of Aisha Ibrahim Duhulow drew outrage from the human rights group Amnesty International?
... that the 1970 Bhiwandi Riots caused the deaths of 250 people?
... that the majority of instances of anti-Muslim violence in India have occurred in the northern and western states of India?
... that while medieval popes ordered Europeans to kill them, cats are so revered in Islam for their neatness and Muhammad's love for them that an Egyptian sultan set up a charitable trust for them?
... that the 2006 Vadodara riots were caused by the demolition of the shrine of a medieval Sufi saint?
... that the Muhafiz Khan Mosque is considered to be an excellent example of Mughal architecture?
... that most foreign fighters for the opposition during the Syrian civil war were Libyan, following their own Libyan civil war?
... that non-Muslims are not allowed to enter the Grand Mosque of Dubai, except the minaret from where photography is permitted?
... that Disgraced is a Pulitzer Prize-winning play that depicts the challenges for upwardly mobile Muslim Americans in the post-9/11 America?
... that the Blue Qur'an is written in gold and silver on parchment colored with indigo?
... that the Muslim conquest of Sicily lasted from 827 to 902 AD?
... that the Atiq Mosque (pictured) in Libya is lit and ventilated by openings in its conical domes?
... that the Lulua Mosque in Cairo, built in 1015–16 during Caliph al-Hakim's reign, partially collapsed in 1919 and was restored in 1998 by the Dawoodi Bohras, a community of Indian Muslims?
... that the Iraqi government issued an arrest warrant for Wathiq al-Battat, the head of a new Shi'a Iraqi militia group called the Mukhtar Army?
... that Hasan ibn Zayd, the founder of the Zaydid emirate of Tabaristan, was succeeded by his brother Muhammad, who lost it to the Samanids?
... that during the Siege of Mecca by the Umayyads in 683, the Kaaba (pictured) caught fire and burned down?
... that the Saleh Mosque (pictured), built in Sana'a in 2008 at a cost of US$60 million, was considered too expensive in relation to the 42% of Yemeni who live in poverty?
... that the Sana'a manuscript (pictured) was discovered in the attic of the Great Mosque in 1972?
... that the followers of the rebel al-Harith ibn Surayj tried to persuade their opponents to join them through moral and religious arguments even during battles?
... that Moorish Gibraltar was known as the City of Victory and lasted for over 725 years, far longer than Spanish or British Gibraltar?
... that according to an Islamic tradition regarded as fabricated, Ya`fūr was a talking donkey owned by the Prophet Muhammad that was descended from Jesus's donkey (pictured)?
... that while researching In the Shadow of the Sword, Tom Holland found that the oldest biography of Mohammed was written two hundred years after he had died?
... that the Khalid ibn al-Walid Mosque in Homs contains the mausoleum of Khalid ibn al-Walid, an ornate dome with interiors which depict over 50 victorious battles that he commanded?
... that in the Naroda Patiya massacre, 97 Muslims were killed by a mob of approximately 5000 people?
... that the Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park contains dozens of monuments, including the Bawaman, Jama (pictured), Kevada, Lila Gumbaj, and Nagina mosques, as well as the Kalika Mata Temple atop Pavagadh Hill?
... that the Koutoubia Mosque, or "Bookseller's Mosque", was named after the bookselling trade practiced in the nearby souk (mosque and souk pictured)?
... that the British garrison of Gibraltar relied on water from the medieval Nun's Well for making their supply of beer?
... that Channel 4 cancelled a public screening of Islam: The Untold Story because of security concerns?
... that the minaret (pictured) of Hassan II Mosque, the world's tallest at 210 m (689 ft), is fitted at the top with an electronic laser directing rays towards Mecca?
... that entry into the Druze faith has been prohibited since Al-Muqtana Baha'uddin ended the Divine call in 1043 CE?
... that a year after capturing Ahlat, Arjish and Van in Anatolia, the Ayyubid prince al-Awhad Ayyub faced revolts in each of those cities?
... that after pressure from his mamluks, the Burji sultan Sayf ad-Din Inal supported James II with a naval fleet in his attempt to gain the throne of Cyprus?
... that the Faizrakhmanist sect, including 27 children, was discovered to be living underground in catacomb-like chambers in Kazan in Tatarstan?
... that opponents of the new mosque of the Islamic Center of Murfreesboro tried to block its construction by arguing in court that Islam was not a religion?
... that Mus`ab ibn `Umair, a sahabi (companion) of Mohammad, was the first ambassador of Islam?
... that the National Hero of Indonesia Mas Mansoer declared interest forbidden?
... that the Mahkamah Mosque in Gaza was originally built as a madrasa in 1455 until the Ottomans converted it into a courthouse, hence the name mahkamah?
... that critics denounced Indonesian Muslim leader Fakih Usman as the "Dutchman with the black ass"?
... that the 10th-century Hamdanid prince Sayf al-Dawla is said to have fought against the Byzantines in over 40 battles?
... that the Ganting Grand Mosque in Padang was used as a place of refuge by Indonesian President Sukarno?
... that there were calls for Alexander Aan to be executed for posting on Facebook?
... that Ottoman architect Mimar Sinan erected a Koranic school and an elementary school near the Ese Kapi Mosque in Istanbul?
... that the Balaban Aga Mosque in Istanbul, built in the Byzantine era, was demolished in 1930 because it stood in the way of a new road?
... that Tajul Muluk, whose home and boarding school were burnt down by opponents of his preaching Shia Islam, was arrested for blasphemy?
... that the Toklu Dede Mosque (pictured) in Istanbul, a former Byzantine Church, was destroyed with its frescoes by its owner in 1929?
... that following the 2011 civil war in Libya, the Muslim Brotherhood founded the Justice and Development Party, which is said to be the country's most organised political force?
... that before its restoration the Kasim Ağa Mosque in Istanbul was used as a shanty?
... that Ali al-Sulayhi, originally an Ismaili missionary, brought all of Yemen under the control of his Sulayhid dynasty before capturing Mecca in 1063?
... that Aqsunqur Mosque (pictured) gained the name "Blue Mosque" following its decoration with blue tiles over 300 years after the mosque's construction in 1347?
... that Zaskia Adya Mecca found her pregnancy "perfect" for playing the role of Siti Walidah in The Enlightener, despite the fact the character was not pregnant?
... that al-Jawali Mosque was built in 1320 to enlarge the prayer space of the Ibrahimi Mosque in Hebron?
... that Shia Sheikh Nimr al-Nimr called for Saudi protestors to use "the roar of the word" in response to police bullets?
... that Iznik-tiled lunette panels believed to have been removed from Istanbul's Piyale Pasha Mosque in the 19th century are currently on display in various museums such as the Louvre and the V&A?
... that the Great Mosque of Central Java (pictured) has six hydraulic umbrellas to represent the six tenets of iman?
... that girih tiling patterns used by medieval Islamic artisans (example pictured) in some cases exhibited quasicrystalline tiling, five centuries before Penrose tilings were discovered in Europe?
... that ablaq is an Arabic term for the use in stonework of alternating or fluctuating rows of light and dark color stone (pictured)?
... that Al-Ashraf Musa's defection from the Mongol coalition was critical for the Mamluks' victory during the Battle of Ain Jalut?
... that the medieval Islamic brickwork technique of banna'i was used to cover whole buildings with names of Allah, Muhammad and Ali?
... that in the 16th century the Church of St. Mary of Constantinople (pictured) in Istanbul was the center of a quarter mainly inhabited by Italians deported from the city of Caffa in Crimea?
... that the Obedient Wives Club is the publisher of a book called Islamic Sex, Fighting Against Jews To Return Islamic Sex To The World?
... that a hilya (example pictured) in Islamic calligraphy contains a description of the prophet Muhammad?
... that in 1945 the British government denied that it supported Abd al-Rahman al-Mahdi becoming king of Sudan?
... that the short story "Langit Makin Mendung" was banned in Indonesia partly because a character wore glasses?
... that the album Ballad of Salah, released as an act of charity during Ramadan, includes songs based on the Quran and the life of Muhammad?
... that Muslim Mosque, Inc., which was founded by Malcolm X, was awarded 35 scholarships to send students to Al-Azhar University and the Islamic University of Madinah?
... that according to an Islamic tradition, the Invasion of Banu Qaynuqa was caused by a Jewish jeweler allegedly stripping a Muslim woman?
... that the leaning minaret (pictured) of the Great Mosque of al-Nuri in Mosul, Iraq, reputedly gained its tilt after it bowed to the prophet Muhammad?
... that Muslim Indian South African and communist anti-Apartheid activist Yusuf Dadoo was buried in Highgate Cemetery near Karl Marx's grave?
... that in the 2011 Manhattan terrorism plot, two Arab-Americans allegedly planned to attack a synagogue, and one of the suspects expressed interest in blowing up the Empire State Building?
... that the Sixty Pillar Mosque located in Bagergat in south Bangladesh is one of the oldest mosques in the country described as "historic mosque representing the Golden Era of Muslim Bengal"?
... that the Pisa Griffin (pictured) is the largest known medieval Islamic metal sculpture, and may have been designed to emit noises?
... that destinations for jihadi tourism have included a mosque in Hamburg and Somali terrorist training sites?
... that Osama bin Laden's hideout compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan is known locally as the Waziristan Haveli mansion?
... that a 17th-century Yemeni Orphans' Decree requiring the conversion of orphans to Islam was still being enforced as late as 1948?
... that M. A. Muqtedar Khan calls Jewish rabbi Mukhayriq "the first Jewish martyr of Islam" and "a true Islamic hero"?
... that so called Gyanvapi Mosque in Varanasi, India, built on the site of the original Kashi Vishwanath Temple, still shows evidence of the temple in its foundation, columns, and rear?
... that The Islamic Society of Greater Manchester is building the first mosque in New Hampshire?
... that Murad Pasha Mosque in Damascus, Syria, served as a center for the Naqshbandi Sufi order?
... that three 14th-century Mamluk mosque lamps in enamelled and gilded glass sold for a total of just under US$5 million in 2000?
... that Ṭūsī was the first one to recognize that, if a declarative sentence that declares itself being false, is false, this does not necessitate it being true?
... that, in 1984, John Butt became the first–and only–Westerner to graduate from the noted Darul Uloom Deoband Islamic Madrasah since its foundation in 1866?
... that the man arrested in the parking lot of an American mosque with explosives in his car was a former commercial bush pilot in Indonesia?
... that the Umm al-Qura Mosque in Baghdad, Iraq, has minarets in the shape of Scud missiles and Kalashnikov rifle barrels?
... that the Blood Qur'an, formerly displayed in the Mother Of All Battles mosque in Baghdad (pictured), was written in over 20 litres of Saddam Hussein's blood?
... that over 30,000 eggs were used to prepare the paint and glaze that went into the elaborate decorations of the Šarena Džamija of Tetovo?
... that the Great Mosque of Algiers (pictured) is the oldest mosque in Algiers and is said to be the second oldest mosque in Algeria?
... that Ketchaoua Mosque (pictured) in Algiers is a "mosque-turned-cathedral-turned-mosque"?
... that Menara Kudus Mosque is the only mosque in Java known to have a Majapahit-style Hindu drum tower?
... that in response to the banning of the niqāb in Egypt, students protested by wearing protective face masks?
... that the Manastır Mosque (pictured) in Istanbul is one of the few surviving Byzantine religious buildings of Constantinople whose dedication remains uncertain?
... that the Mudawana is the only section of Moroccan law that relies primarily on Islamic sources rather than Spanish or French civil codes?
... that after the Third Anglo-Afghan War in 1919, Amir Amanullah announced Afghanistan's independence at the Id Gah Mosque (pictured) in Kabul?
... that Calgary's new mayor Naheed Nenshi used social media extensively in his surprise win in the 2010 municipal election, which made him the first Muslim mayor of a major Canadian city?
... that the Umayyad general Maslamah ibn Abd al-Malik, who led the second Arab siege of Constantinople, was also ascribed the construction of the city's first mosque in popular legend?
... that the Sack of Amorium (pictured) in 838 by the Abbasids discredited Byzantine Iconoclasm and led to the restoration of the veneration of icons?
... that Fathi Osman's 1997 book Concepts of the Quran: A Topical Reading, in which he explained concepts in Islam for non-Muslims, was nearly 1,000 pages long?
... that the Islamization of the Gaza Strip includes government campaigns against playing cards and dating?
... that Japanese surgeon Hanaoka Seishū (illustrated) performed the world's first operation under general anesthesia in 1804?
... that American blogger Pamela Geller has strongly defended former Serbian dictator Slobodan Milosevic and denied the existence of Serbian concentration camps?
... that Jobar, a suburb of Damascus, is home to the 2,000-year-old Jobar Synagogue?
... that in 2005, Raheel Raza became the first woman to lead mixed-gender Muslim prayers in Canada?
... that the Sinan Pasha Mosque of Prizren was built in 1615, but still conserves its original stone flooring and carpentry?
... that while Mayor Michael Bloomberg said it was a "very appropriate place" to build it, 64% of polled Americans felt it was wrong to build the Cordoba House mosque near Ground Zero?
... that the Lead Mosque of Shkodër, Albania, received its name from once having cupolas covered in lead?
... that thousands of Muslims from Myanmar and Thailand who have migrated to Taiwan were descendants of nationalist soldiers that fled Yunnan when the communists took over mainland China?
... that the historical Bibi-Heybat Mosque near Baku, Azerbaijan, (pictured), destroyed in 1934 as result of the Soviet anti-religious campaign, was reopened in 1997 at the same location after the country gained independence?
... that the earliest settlements of Shiites in the Netherlands date back to the 1960s?
... that in response to Pakistan banning Facebook after the Everybody Draw Mohammed Day controversy MillatFacebook was founded to cater primarily to Muslims?
... that Nidal Malik Hasan and Jihad Jane were said to have started out as a "jihobbyists", also known as "eHadis"?
... that journalist Michael C. Moynihan announced he would support the protest movement Everybody Draw Mohammed Day and post his favorite entries to the Reason magazine website?
... that during the opening sequence of "The Squirt and the Whale", The Simpsons addressed the controversy surrounding censorship of the South Park episode "201"?
... that during "Boobquake", thousands of women tested a hypothesis that they could start earthquakes by dressing immodestly?
... that the Islamist group Revolution Muslim posted a warning about possible consequences on their website against South Park creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone for their portrayal of Muhammad in the episode "200"?
... that the Yalbugha Mosque was built in 1264 by Mamluk princes in Damascus, Syria?
... that citizen volunteers at The Jawa Report notified the FBI about the threat posed by Jihad Jane?
... that Colleen LaRose, also known as "JihadJane", was living in suburban Pennsylvania when she was arrested for recruiting Islamic terrorists and plotting the murder of Swedish artist Lars Vilks?
... that Abū Muḥammad al-Rāmahurmuzī was one of the first authors to write a comprehensive book of hadith terminology?
... that Sufyan ibn `Uyaynah performed the Hajj 70 times in his life?
Chinese influences on Islamic pottery (article's talk page missing blurb)
... that Richard Reid, who in 2001 attempted to detonate a bomb hidden in his shoes aboard an aeroplane, used to attend the Brixton Mosque in London, England?
... that Christian references in Islamic art include the Annunciation, the birth of Jesus and his baptism?
... that Abdul Ghaffar Khan, a colleague of Mahatma Gandhi, was hailed as an example of pacifism in Islam for his leadership of non-violent resistance?
... that Islamic influences on Christian art are visible in Christian paintings, cult objects, and most of all architecture (example pictured)?
... that demonstrations in Oslo, Norway in 2009, held by Arne Tumyr and the organization Stop the Islamisation of Norway, developed into street clashes?
... that al-Azhar Mosque (pictured) was the first mosque founded in Cairo?
... that the British anti-Islamist group Stop the Islamification of Europe was inspired by a Danish group of the same name?
... that Tunisian philosopher Youssef Seddik attempted to publish a Qur'an in the form of seven volumes of comics in 1992?
... that Hijron Ka Khanqah (pictured) is a pre-Mughal period monument of the fifteenth century where some Hijras (eunuchs) of Delhi were buried during the Lodi dynasty's reign?
... that in Jamali Kamali Mosque and Tomb (pictured), the tomb chamber has two graves, one of Jamali the poet, and another of an unknown Kamali, who might have been chosen because his name rhymes with Jamali?
... that the 15th-century mosque Atala Masjid, Jaunpur, India (pictured) exists at the site of the Atala Devi Hindu temple?
... that in 1953 the Eritrean Moslem League of the Western Province proposed the creation of an independent Beja state out of parts of Eritrea and Sudan, but failed to secure British support for the idea?
... that Daniel Boyd is accused of leading a jihadist terrorist cell in North Carolina?
... that much of the Mahmoudiya Mosque in Jaffa was built during the Ottoman era using construction materials acquired from Roman columns?
... that Muhammad is said to have forbidden his followers to collect his sayings, there is considerable criticism of such collections which have been said to form the basis of Islamic law?
... that since Zaynab bint Khuzayma died shortly after her marriage, less is known about her than any of Muhammad's other wives?
... that the NYPD has charged four men with attempting to blow up two Bronx synagogues and shoot down military aircraft?
... that the Khirki Masjid mosque and the Satpula weir were both built during the time of the Tughlaq dynasty in 14th century Delhi?
... that al-Mansur Ibrahim, the Ayyubid governor of Hims, ended Khwarezmid power in Syria after defeating them in a battle near Lake Hims?
... that an alliance was formed in the 8th century between the Abbasid Caliphate and the Frankish Carolingian Empire against the Byzantine Empire and the Muslim Umayyads of Spain?
... that The Hate That Hate Produced, a documentary critical of the Nation of Islam, caused the group's membership to double?
... that Moth Ki Masjid (pictured) was a new type of mosque built in 1505 by Miya Bhoiya, Prime Minister during Sikander Lodi's reign in the fourth city of medieval Delhi of Delhi Sultanate?
... that Islam and Protestantism have an early history of mutual support against Catholicism, and share some common attitudes to faith, such as textual criticism and iconoclasm?
... that the new Shia Family Law of Afghanistan has attracted criticism for including clauses that some analysts believe encourage spousal rape?
... that the Islamic Cultural Center of New York (pictured), which opened in 1991, was the first purpose-built mosque in New York City?
... that Al-Firdaws Madrasa, established in 1236 under the patronage of Malik az-Zahir's wife, Dayfa Khatun, is the largest and best known of the Ayyubid madrasas in Aleppo?
... that Muzzammil Hassan is the CEO of Bridges TV, the first American Muslim television network to broadcast in English?
... that the Tekkiye Mosque (pictured), built by the architect Sinan, has been described as "the finest example in Damascus of Ottoman architecture"?
... that the Great Mosque of Al-Zaytuna, the oldest mosque in Tunis, Tunisia, was partly built using materials from the ruins of the ancient city of Carthage?
... that during the 1927 Nagpur riots in India, in which 22 people were killed, the house of Hindu nationalist leader K. B. Hedgewar (pictured) was stoned?
... that according to tradition, al-Khadra Mosque (pictured) in present-day Nablus is situated at the site where Jacob, a biblical patriarch, was presented with a blood-soaked tunic belonging to his lost son Joseph?
... that the al-Muallaq Mosque, also known as the Mosque of Dhaher al-Omar in Acre, Israel, is located on the site of the town's ancient synagogue?
... that 14th-century Turkish polymath Al-Taftazani completed one of his best-known works at the age of 16?
... that the Palestinian village of Nabi Samwil, near Jerusalem, is regarded by Muslims, Jews and Christians alike as a holy site for containing the tomb of Samuel?
... that the Great Mosque of Aleppo, built by the Umayyads in 717, is the oldest mosque in Aleppo, Syria?
... that the Dome of the Chain (pictured), a free-standing dome functioning as a prayer house on the Temple Mount, was possibly used as a building model for the adjacent Dome of the Rock?
... that the Dome of the Prophet was built by the Ottomans on the spot where some believe Islamic prophet Muhammad prayed on the night of Isra and Mi'raj?
... that the 2008 Congo football riots were sparked by accusations of witchcraft?
... that in 1935, the Supreme Muslim Council built the an-Nasr Mosque in the Palestinian city of Nablus after an earthquake in 1927 completely destroyed the previous structure on the site?
... that both Christians and Muslims ritually sacrifice lambs during the Feast of Saint George in the Palestinian town of al-Khader near Bethlehem?
... that the Great Mosque of Gaza (pictured), completed by the Mamluks in 1344, is the largest and one of the oldest mosques in the Gaza Strip?
... that the Sultan Bayezid II Mosque is the oldest surviving Ottoman imperial mosque complex in Istanbul, Turkey?
... that through Khitan, the Islamic rite of male circumcision, Muslims are the largest single religious group to circumcise males?
... that the Istanbul landmark Mihrimah Mosque was constructed in the 16th century for Suleiman the Magnificent's daughter?
... that Sancaktar Hayrettin Mosque had been an Eastern Orthodox monastery until it was converted after the Fall of Constantinople?
... that shukr is the Islamic virtue of gratitude?
... that Muhammad al-Shaybani, a jurist of the Hanafi school of thought, was the student of Abu Hanifa and Abu Yusuf?
... that the Shrine of Hazrat Ali, said to be the burial place of Ali, also gave the city of Mazari Sharif its name?
... that the Mosque of the Cloak of the Prophet Mohammed, in Kandahar, has been described as the "heart of Afghanistan"?
... that Islam: The Straight Path by John L. Esposito is an introductory text on Islam that devotes half its content to the development of Islam in modern and reformist times?
... that the khutbah is the sermon delivered before the Muslim congregational Friday prayers and after the congregational prayers on each of the two annual Muslim festivals?
... that the military prowess of the Tulunid dynasty of Arab Egypt was due to its multi-ethnic army composed of Turkish people, Sudanese, and Greek soldiers?
... that Sabr is the Islamic virtue of patience and endurance?
... that Moti Masjid, built by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan, was turned into a gemstone repository during the Sikh rule of Punjab?
... that the Islamic Emirate of Bari in Southern Italy was conquered in 871 by Frankish and Lombard ground forces under Louis II of Italy, together with a Croatian fleet?
... that a biography of Saladin, the 12th-century sultan of Egypt and Syria, written by his friend and confidant Baha ad-Din ibn Shaddad, is still in print after seven centuries?
... that the Forum Against Islamophobia and Racism is a Muslim advocacy group which monitors media coverage of Islam and Muslims in the U.K.?
... that the Upper Brook Street Chapel in Manchester, designed by Sir Charles Barry shortly before he designed the Palace of Westminster, is said to be the first neogothic Nonconformist chapel?
... that Thursday of the Dead is a springtime feast day shared by Muslims and Christians in the Levant that involves colouring eggs, visiting the cemetery and distributing food to the poor?
... that the book Description of Africa by the Muslim slave Joannes Leo Africanus was an important source of information on the North African Islamic civilization during the European Renaissance?
... that the Persian political-philosophical treatise, the Siyasatnama, provides evidence for the survival of pre-Islamic traditions within the Seljuq empire?
... that Sherefudin's White Mosque, where the mihrab, minbar and minarets have a folk art character subtly enhanced by the avant-garde geometries of their setting, won the 1983 Aga Khan Award for Architecture?
... that a large number of Rwandans converted to Islam after the 1994 Genocide?
... that the map (pictured) by Piri Reis, a 16th century Islamic cartographer, is the oldest surviving Turkish map to show the Americas?
... that the Islamic prophet Muhammad, while in Mecca, was a merchant involved in trade between the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea?
... that upon completion, the Mausoleum of Khomeini (pictured), under construction since Ayatollah Khomeini died, will have a tourist center, a university and a shopping mall?
... that the Mosque of Omar (pictured) is Bethlehem's only mosque, named after the Caliph Omar ibn al-Khattab, who prayed at the location of the mosque?
... that one of the most important advances in medieval Islamic psychology was the establishment of the first psychiatric hospitals?
... that the church of Hagia Thekla in Constantinople, now a mosque, was rebuilt by Emperor Isaac I Komnenos as thanks for surviving a hunting accident?
... that the Koca Mustafa Pasha Mosque in Istanbul features a cypress tree with a chain that was swung between two people who gave contradictory statements to determine which one was telling the truth?
... that Hilf al-Fudul was a 7th-century alliance created by various Meccans, most notably Muhammad, to establish fair commercial dealing?
... that the White Mosque is the oldest mosque in Nazareth?
... that the Mosque of the Rose in Istanbul is so named because on the day of the Fall of Constantinople the building was adorned with garlands of roses?
... that the mosque of Hirami Ahmet Pasha (pictured) in Istanbul is the smallest Byzantine church of Constantinople still extant?
... that the annual Global Peace and Unity conference held at the ExCeL Exhibition Centre in London is the largest Muslim event in Europe?
... that the Mourning of Muharram, observed by Shi'a Muslims, commemorates the anniversary of the death of Imam Husayn ibn Ali at the Battle of Karbala in 680?
... that the Muslim Revolution of Agriculture industrialized sugar production, building the first sugar refineries and sugar plantations in the 8th century?
... that Silma Ihram decided to found Al-Noori Muslim Primary School in Greenacre, New South Wales after Presbyterian Ladies' College would not allow her daughters to wear hijabs in school?
... that an edition of Alpin, a supplement of the Bangladeshi newspaper Prothom Alo, was banned by the caretaker government for publishing a controversial cartoon in relation to the Islamic prophet Muhammad?
... that the Mosque of Amr in Fustat, originally built in 642 CE, was the first mosque ever built in Egypt?
... that the Amman Message was a statement issued by King Abdullah II of Jordan calling for tolerance and unity in the Muslim world?
... that the Alfathi brand of red meat from Nortura combines the strict Islamic rules concerning food preparation for slaughter with Norwegian cuisine?
... that the Mosque of Kefeli in Istanbul was used jointly as a church by Roman Catholic and Armenian believers before becoming a mosque?
... that Istanbul's Vefa Kilise Mosque (pictured) is an example of a Byzantine church since converted into an Ottoman mosque?
... that in the Islamic tradition, Bahira (pictured) was a Christian monk who foretold to the adolescent Muhammad his future prophetic career?
... that despite being a key building of middle byzantine Architecture, the mosque of Eski Imaret (pictured) is still one among the least studied monuments of Istanbul?
... that the Mosque of Bodrum (pictured) in Istanbul represents the first example of a private burial church of a Byzantine Emperor?
... that 12th-century Muslim scientist Al-Khazini, who proposed a theory of gravitation long before Isaac Newton, was, in his early life, a slave of the Seljuq Turks?
... that the Indonesian Association of Muslim Intellectuals was a leading Islamic political group, founded in 1990 by senior politician and later president of Indonesia, B. J. Habibie?
... that the mosque of Kalenderhane (pictured) in Istanbul contained the most ancient cycle of frescoes portraying Saint Francis of Assisi still extant?
... that the founder of the Caucasus branch of the Qadiriyyah Tariqah, Kunta-haji (pictured) is often referred as the "Chechen Gandhi" because of his doctrine of nonviolence?
... that Maniam Moorthy, a member of the first team of Malaysians to summit Mount Everest, fell during army training a year later and became a paraplegic?
... that Zhang Chengzhi, who formed China's first group of Red Guards while a student at Tsinghua University Middle School, converted to Islam?
... that in 2005 the then 28-year-old Murat Yusuf became the youngest ever Mufti of Romania?
... that the Fenari Isa Mosque (pictured) in Istanbul represents one of the first examples of edifices with a quincuncial plan in Byzantine architecture?
... that the view that Jesus and John were lovers, considered a blasphemy, evolved during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries?
... that in Islamic law, a mukataba is a contract of manumission according to which the slave buys his freedom from his master?
... that Mujahedeen KOMPAK has diverted charitable donations from Australia to produce recruitment videos for militant Islamic groups?
... that Tombo Ati, a traditional Javanese song based on a popular hadith of the prophet Muhammad, is still popular five centuries after its composition?
... that between 1955 and 1998, under Article 19 of the Greek Citizenship Code which entitled the Greek government to strip non-ethnic Greeks who left the country of their citizenship, 46,638 members of the officially recognized Muslim minority of Greece lost their citizenship?
... that casually shaking either one of the minarets at the Sidi Bashir mosque (pictured) in Ahmedabad causes the other minaret to vibrate a few seconds later?
... that Muhammad had engaged as a diplomat for a time during his call to Islam?
... that most of the Muslims in Fiji are descended from those brought to the islands from India as indentured labourers between 1879 and 1916?
... that the Kadam Rasul shrines are believed to display stone imprints of the footprints of Muhammad?
... that the Indonesian Muslim organization Muhammadiyah has over 29 million members and manages several universities?
... that the Cheraman Juma Masjid, the oldest mosque in India, was originally constructed in traditional Hindu architectural style?
... that Maulana Mehmud Hasan organised an armed rebellion against the British Raj with Turkish support but was arrested just before his return to India?
... that Wojciech Bobowski was one of the most important musicians of the Ottoman Empire, and the author of the Bible translation into the Ottoman Turkish language?
... that Muhammad had the Jewish tribe Banu Nadir expelled from Medina, their men killed, and their wives and property divided among his followers, choosing for himself the widow of the tribe's slain treasurer?
... that the Crusade cycle is an Old French cycle of chansons de geste concerning the First Crusade and its aftermath?
... that in Persia, non-Muslims were considered to be najis (ritually unclean) by Shi'a Muslims, and were not allowed to go outside in rain or snow for fear that some impurity could be washed from them onto a Muslim?
... that Masjid Omar Kampong Melaka is the oldest mosque in Singapore and was established in 1820, just a year after the British set up a trading post in Singapore?
... that Islam in Poland traces its history to the 13th century, with the advent of Tartar settlers?
... that Lex Mahumet pseudoprophete (English: Law of Muhammad the pseudo-prophet) was the first Qur'an translation into a Western language and often regarded as one of the sloppiest?
... that the Peul preacher and social reformer Seku Amadu led a jihad against the Bambara Empire of nineteenth-century West Africa to found his own theocratic Massina Empire?
... that in the 1850s, El Hadj Umar Tall founded a short-lived Islamic empire covering modern day Guinea, Senegal, and Mali?
... that the 1318 Mamluk Qala'un Mosque was considered the most glamorous mosque in Cairo until its wooden dome collapsed in the 16th century?
... that the symbol of Fatima's hands, while widespread in Middle Eastern Islamic societies, is not officially condoned by Islam?
... that the Fifth and Sixth Crusades were turned back by Al-Kamil, a nephew of Saladin?
... that devout Catholics believe in the Perpetual Virginity of Mary?