French School of the Far East

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École française d'Extrême-Orient
EFEO
Established	20 January 1900 (1900-01-20)
Website	efeo.fr

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Transliteration of Chinese
Mandarin
Modern Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Gwoyeu Romatzyh Spelling conventions Latinxua Sin Wenz Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II Tongyong Pinyin Wade–Giles Yale romanization Lessing-Othmer Simplified Wade Comparison chart
Late imperial Mandarin Morrison romanization Legge romanization Postal romanization EFEO
Sichuanese Sichuanese Pinyin Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz
Wu
General Wu Romanization of Wu Chinese
Wenzhounese Wenzhounese romanization
Yue
Cantonese Jyutping Yale romanization Guangdong Romanization Hong Kong Government Macau Government Meyer–Wempe Sidney Lau S. L. Wong (phonetic symbols) S. L. Wong (romanization) Cantonese Pinyin Standard Romanization Barnett–Chao Comparison chart
Min
Hokkien Pe̍h-ōe-jī Modern Literal Taiwanese Phofsit Daibuun Habhunwe Latinxua Sin Bhundzi Bbánlám pìngyīm Daighi tongiong pingim TLPA Tâi-lô Comparison chart
Teochew Peng'im Pe̍h-ūe-jī
Fuzhounese Foochow Romanized Fuzhou Transliteration Scheme
Northern Min Kienning Colloquial Romanized
Pu-Xian Min Hinghwa Romanized
Hainanese Hainan Romanized (Haikou dialect) Hainanese Transliteration Scheme (Wenchang dialect)
Shao–Jiang Min Romanized Shaowu (Shaowu dialect)
Gan
Chang-Du Pinfa
Hakka
Meixian Pinfa Hagfa Pinyim
Sixian Pha̍k-fa-sṳ TLPA
Xiang
Chang–Yi Pinfa
Polylectal
General Chinese Romanized General Chinese
See also
Other transliterations Character-based General Chinese Cyrillization Xiao'erjing ʼPhags-pa script Bopomofo Taiwanese kana Taiwanese Phonetic Symbols Transcription into Chinese
By place Romanization in Hong Kong Romanization in Singapore Romanization in Taiwan
v t e

The French School of the Far East (French: École Française d'Extrême-Orient, pronounced [ekɔl fʁɑ̃sɛːz dɛkstʁɛm ɔʁjɑ̃]; also translated as The French School of Asian Studies^[1]), abbreviated EFEO, is an associated college of PSL University dedicated to the study of Asian societies. It was founded in 1900 with headquarters in Hanoi in what was then French Indochina. After the independence of Vietnam, its headquarters were transferred to Phnom Penh in 1957, and subsequently to Paris in 1975.^[2] Its main fields of research are archaeology, philology and the study of modern Asian societies. Since 1907, the EFEO has been in charge of conservation work at the archeological site of Angkor.^[3]

Paul Mus was a member of EFEO since 1927, and "returned to Hanoi in 1927 as a secretary and librarian with the Research Institute of the French School of the Far East until 1940."^[4]

EFEO romanization system

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A romanization system for Mandarin was developed by the EFEO. It shares a few similarities with Wade-Giles and Hanyu Pinyin. In modern times, it has been superseded by Hanyu Pinyin.

The differences between the three romanization systems are shown in the following table:

IPA	EFEO	WG	Pinyin
p	p	p	b
pʰ	p'	p'	p
t	t	t	d
tʰ	t'	t'	t
k	k	k	g
kʰ	k'	k'	k
ts	ts	ts	z
tsʰ	ts'	ts'	c
tʂ	tch	ch	zh
tʂʰ	tch'	ch'	ch
tɕ	k/ts	ch	j
tɕʰ	k'/ts'	ch'	q
ɕ	s/h	hs	x
w	ou/w	w	w
j	i/y	y	y
ɤ	ö/é	o/ê	e
ɚ	eul	êrh	er
ɹ̩	eu	û	i
ɻ̩	e	ih	i
y	u	ü	ü/u
u	ou	u	u
ən	en	ên	en
əŋ	eng	êng	eng
ie	ie	ieh	ie
ioʊ	ieou/iou	iu	iu
iɛn	ien	ien	ian
uo	ouo	o/uo	o/uo
uaɪ	ouai	uai	uai
ueɪ	ouei	ui	ui
uan	ouan	uan	uan
uən	ouen	un	un
ye	iue	üeh	üe/ue
io	io		üe/ue
yɛn	iuen	üan	üan/uan
yn	iun	ün	ün/un
iʊŋ	ioung	iung	iong

Directors

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Publications

[edit]

The catalog of EFEO Publications, of some 600 titles, includes works on a wide range of disciplines in the humanities and social sciences (archaeology, history, anthropology, literature, philology, etc.), centered on Asia, from India to Japan. These publications are directed at specialists and a wider public interested in Asian civilizations and societies.^[5]

The EFEO in publishes five scholarly journals on an annual or twice-yearly basis:

Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient - BEFEO (Bulletin of the French School of Asian Studies), published since 1901^[6]
Arts Asiatiques (Asian Arts), published jointly with the Musée Guimet and the CNRS
Cahiers d'Extrême-Asie (East Asian Journal), published in Kyoto
Aséanie (Southeast Asian Studies), published in Bangkok
Sinologie française [S: 法国汉学, T: 法國漢學, P: Fǎguó Hànxué] (French Sinology), published in Chinese in Beijing

References

[edit]

^ Preferred translation by EFEO staff. See EFEO official website.
^ "EFEO and a rare valuable bookstore about Vietnam". www.rfi.fr. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
^ "EFEO - Le centre de Siem Reap, Cambodge". www.efeo.fr. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
^ Paul Mus | Council On Southeast Asia Studies at Yale, archived from the original on 3 December 2023.
^ "Publications". EFEO. Retrieved 6 October 2012.
^ Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient. L'École. 1941.

External links

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to École française d'Extrême-Orient.

Official website
Writing in western European languages that deal with China Archived 27 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine

Public universities and Grandes Écoles in France (EPSCP)

Universities

Aix-Marseille Amiens Angers Antilles Artois Avignon Besançon Bordeaux Bordeaux Montaigne Brest Bretagne-Sud Caen Chambéry Corse Dijon Évry Le Havre Guyane Limoges Littoral Lyon Lyon 1 Lyon 2 Lyon 3 Le Mans Montpellier 3 Mulhouse Nîmes Nouvelle-Calédonie Orléans Paris Nanterre Panthéon-Sorbonne Sorbonne Sorbonne Nouvelle Sorbonne Paris North Paris 8 Paris-East Créteil Pau Perpignan Poitiers Polynésie française Reims Rennes Rennes 2 La Réunion La Rochelle Rouen Saint-Étienne Strasbourg Toulon Toulouse Jean Jaurès Paul Sabatier INPT Tours Versailles
Collegiate universities (EPE)	Paris Assas Cité Saclay Clermont-Ferrand Toulouse Capitole Lille Nantes Rennes Cergy Montpellier Nice Côte d'Azur Gustave Eiffel Polytechnic University of Hauts-de-France Polytechnic Institute of Paris
Grands établissements	PSL University Dauphine University University of Lorraine Grenoble Alpes University

Grandes écoles

Grands établissements	Institutes of Technology Grenoble Lorraine Toulouse Bordeaux Clermont-Auvergne Agro ParisTech Arts et Métiers ParisTech Collège de France Conservatoire national des arts et métiers CentraleSupélec École des ponts ParisTech École Nationale des Chartes ENSSIB École nationale supérieure maritime École pratique des hautes études EHESP INSEP Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris Institut Agro Dijon Montpellier Rennes-Angers Institut Mines-Télécom Paris Évry Albi Alès Saint-Étienne Brest-Rennes-Nantes-Toulouse Lille-Douai Institut national d'histoire de l'art Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales Institut supérieur de l'aéronautique et de l'espace VetAgro Sup National Museum of Natural History Oniris Nantes Paris Observatory School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences
Écoles centrales	École centrale de Lille École centrale de Lyon École centrale de Marseille École centrale de Nantes École Centrale Paris
Institut national des sciences appliquées	Centre Val-de-Loire Euro-Méditerranée Hauts-de-France Lyon Rennes Rouen Strasbourg Toulouse
Universities of Technology	Belfort-Montbéliard Compiègne Troyes
Écoles normales supérieures	École normale supérieure École normale supérieure Paris-Saclay École normale supérieure de Lyon École normale supérieure de Rennes
Institutes of Political Studies	Paris Aix-en-Provence Bordeaux Grenoble Lille Lyon Rennes Saint-Germain-en-Laye Strasbourg Toulouse Fontainebleau
École nationale d'ingénieurs de Saint-Etienne (ENISE) ENSAIT ENTPE Supméca

University systems (groups)

v t e French colonial architecture in Vietnam
Hanoi	Presidential Palace Grand Opera House St. Joseph's Cathedral Long Biên Bridge French School of the Far East Hôtel Metropole Grand Palais Tonkin Palace Hỏa Lò Prison Cửa Bắc Church Hàm Long Church Indochina Medical College Central Station Đồng Xuân Market Museum of Fine Arts Museum of Revolution Supreme Court State Bank National Library Ministry of Foreign Affairs Fatherland Front
Ho Chi Minh City	Post Office City Hall Municipal Theatre Notre-Dame Cathedral Tân Định Church Museum of Ho Chi Minh City Hotel Continental Saigon Hotel Majestic Bến Thành Market Ho Chi Minh City Museum of History
Other municipalities	Haiphong Opera House Museum of Cham Sculpture Dalat Palace Hotel Basilica of Immaculate Conception Tam Tòa Church Mằng Lăng Church