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Polish–Lithuanian–Ruthenian Commonwealth
Rzeczpospolita Trojga Narodów (Polish)

Trejų Tautų Respublika (Lithuanian)

Річ Посполита Трьох Народів (Ukrainian)
Flag of Commonwealth of Three Nations
Flag
Coat of arms of Commonwealth of Three Nations
Coat of arms
Motto: "Si Deus nobiscum quis contra nos" (Latin)
"If God is with us, then who is against us"
Anthem: Pieśn Konfederatów
Song of Confederation
Location of SasquPL/sandbox (dark green) in Central Europe (grey)
Location of SasquPL/sandbox (dark green)

in Central Europe (grey)

Capital
and largest city
Warsaw
Official languagesPolish
Lithuanian
Ruthenian
Reconized minority languagesYiddish
Tatar
White Ruthenian
Ethnic groups
(2016[1])
Religion
Demonym(s)Commonwealthtian
GovernmentFederal parlamentary constitutional monarchy
King Władysław August IV Jagiellon
• Chancelor
Ignacy Krajewicz
LegislatureCommonwealth Assembly
• Upper house
Senate
• Lower house
Sejm
Independence 
from Spain and Empire of Brazil
• Independence from Spain
1814
• Declared
25 August 1825
27 August 1828
18 July 1830
Area
• Total
176,215 km2 (68,037 sq mi) (89th)
• Water (%)
1.5
Population
• 2021 estimate
3,426,260[2][3] (134th)
• 2011 census
3,286,314[4]
• Density
18.6/km2 (48.2/sq mi) (198th)
GDP (PPP)2018 estimate
• Total
$82.406 billion[5] (91st)
• Per capita
$23,504[5] (61st)
GDP (nominal)2018 estimate
• Total
$65.815 billion[5] (78th)
• Per capita
$18,772[5] (45th)
Gini (2013)Positive decrease 38.2[6]
medium inequality
HDI (2015)Steady 0.795[7]
high (54th)
CurrencyUruguayan peso (UYU)
Time zoneUTC−3 (UYT)
Drives onright
Calling code+598
Internet TLD.uy

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Eastern Front
Part of II Waltkrieg

Clockwise from top left: soldiers stationed in the Carpathian Mountains, 1915; German soldiers in Kiev, March 1918; the Russian ship Slava, October 1917; Russian infantry, 1914; Romanian infantry.
Date
  • 17 August 1914 – 3 March 1918
  • (3 years, 6 months and 2 weeks)
Location
Central and Eastern Europe
Result Central Powers victory* Collapse of the Russian Empire leading to the Russian Revolution* Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Ukraine), Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Russia), Treaty of Bucharest* All treaties terminated after Central Power defeat in the West
Belligerents
{{nowrap| German Empire
Kingdom of Ukraine
United Baltic Duchy (1941)
Kingdom of White Ruthenia

Russian Empire (1914–17)
Russian Republic (1917)
 Romania (1916–17)
Belgium Belgium (1915–17)
United Kingdom British Empire (1916–17)

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Soviet Russia (1918)
Commanders and leaders
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Nikolai Krylenko
Casualties and losses
  • German Empire 1,468,811:
    • 173,858 dead
    • 1,151,153 wounded
    • 143,818 missing/captured
    [8][9][10]
  • Austria-Hungary 4,377,000:[11][12]
  • 726,000 killed
  • 2,172,000 wounded
  • 1,479,000 missing or captured
  • Ottoman Empire 45,000:[13][14]
  • 10,000 captured[15]
  • Bulgaria 30,250[16][17]
Total:
~5,900,000 casualties
  • Russia 9,347,000:
    2,254,369 killed
  • 3,749,000 wounded
  • 3,343,900 captured[18][nb 1]
  • Romania 535,700:[20]
    335,706 dead
    120,000 wounded
    80,000 captured
Total:
~9,900,000 casualties
Civilian Deaths:
2,000,000+
Russia:
410,000 died due to military action
730,000 died of war-related causes[21]
Kingdom of Romania:
130,000 died due to military action
200,000 died of war-related causes[22]
Austria-Hungary:
120,000 civilians died due to military action
467,000 civilians died of war-related causes[23]
  1. ^ Central Intelligence Agency (2016). "Uruguay". The World Factbook. Langley, Virginia: Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved January 1, 2017.
  2. ^ "World Population Prospects 2022". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
  3. ^ "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
  4. ^ Resultados del Censo de Población 2011: población, crecimiento y estructura por sexo y edad ine.gub.uy
  5. ^ a b c d "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects – Uruguay". World Economic Outlook. International Monetary Fund.
  6. ^ "GINI index (Cepal)" (PDF). Cepal. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  7. ^ "2016 Human Development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2016. Retrieved 25 March 2017.
  8. ^ McRandle & Quirk 2006, p. 697.
  9. ^ «Sanitatsbericht fiber das Deutsche Heer... im Weltkriege 1914–1918», Bd. Ill, Berlin, 1934, S. 151. 149,418 casualties in 1914, 663,739 in 1915, 383,505 in 1916, 238,581 in 1917, 33,568 in 1918. Note: the document notes that records for some armies are incomplete.
  10. ^ Churchill, W. S. (1923–1931). The World Crisis (Odhams 1938 ed.). London: Thornton Butterworth. Page 558. Total German casualties for "Russia and all other fronts" (aside from the West) are given as 1,693,000 including 517,000 dead.
  11. ^ Bodart, Gaston: "Erforschung der Menschenverluste Österreich-Ungarns im Weltkriege 1914–1918," Austrian State Archive, War Archive Vienna, Manuscripts, History of the First World War, in general, A 91. Reports that 60% of Austro-Hungarian killed/wounded were incurred on the Eastern Front (including 312,531 out of 521,146 fatalities). While the casualty records are incomplete (Bodart on the same page estimates the missing war losses and gets a total figure of 1,213,368 deaths rather than 521,146), the proportions are accurate. 60% of casualties equates to 726,000 dead and 2,172,000 wounded.
  12. ^ Volgyes, Ivan. (1973). "Hungarian Prisoners of War in Russia 1916-1919." Cahiers Du Monde Russe Et Soviétique, 14(1/2). Page 54. Gives the figure of 1,479,289 prisoners captured in the East, from the Austro-Hungarian Ministry of Defence archives.
  13. ^ Erickson, Edward J. Ordered to die : a history of the Ottoman army in the first World War, pg. 147. Total casualties of 20,000 are given for the VI Army Corps in Romania.
  14. ^ Atlı, Altay (25 September 2008). "Campaigns, Galicia". turkesywar.com. Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. Total casualties of 25,000 are given for the XV Army Corps in Galicia.
  15. ^ Yanikdag, Yucel (2013). Healing the Nation: Prisoners of War, Medicine and Nationalism in Turkey, 1914–1939. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-7486-6578-5.
  16. ^ Министерство на войната (1939), pp. 677 (in Bulgarian)
  17. ^ Симеонов, Радослав, Величка Михайлова и Донка Василева. Добричката епопея. Историко-библиографски справочник, Добрич 2006, с. 181 (in Bulgarian
  18. ^ Кривошеев Г.Ф. Россия и СССР в войнах XX века. М., 2001 – Потери русской армии, табл. 52, Krivosheeva, G.F. (2001). Rossiia i SSSR v voinakh XX veka : poteri vooruzhennykh sil : statisticheskoe issledovanie / pod obshchei redaktsiei. Moscow: OLMA-Press See Tables 52 & 56]. This total of 9,347,269 refers to Russian casualties on all fronts including the Balkans Campaign and the Caucasus Campaign; though the overwhelming majority of these would be suffered on the Eastern Front.
  19. ^ Scheidl, Franz J.: Die Kriegsgefangenschaft von den ältesten Zeiten bis zur Gegenwart, Berlin 1943, p. 97.
  20. ^ Cox, Michael; Ellis, John (2001). The World War I Databook: The Essential Facts and Figures for all the Combatants. London: Aurum Press.
  21. ^ Erlikman, Vadim (2004). Poteri narodonaseleniia v XX veke : spravochnik. Moscow. Page 18 ISBN 978-5-93165-107-1.(Civilians killed on Eastern Front)
  22. ^ Erlikman, Vadim (2004). Poteri narodonaseleniia v XX veke : spravochnik. Moscow. Page 51 ISBN 978-5-93165-107-1.
  23. ^ Erlikman, Vadim (2004). Poteri narodonaseleniia v XX veke : spravochnik. Moscow. Page 49 ISBN 978-5-93165-107-1.


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