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Mass Central Rail Trail—Wayside
Mass Central Rail Trail—Wayside after Eversource Phase 1 construction at former East Sudbury station site, October 2024
Length8.4 miles (13.5 km) open, 23 miles (37 km) when complete
LocationWaltham, Massachusetts to Berlin, Massachusetts
Began construction2005 Assabet River Rail Trail section, 2010 DCR lease for construction signed
UseHiking, bicycling, inline skating, wheelchairs, strollers, cross-country skiing, horseback riding
DifficultyEasy
SeasonYear-round
SurfacePaved, stone dust (to be paved), unimproved
Right of wayMBTA owned, former Massachusetts Central Railroad and later Central Mass Branch, former Marlborough Branch of Fitchburg Railroad
Maintained byDepartment of Conservation and Recreation, Hudson
Websitemass.gov/info-details/mass-central-rail-trail-wayside
finishtherailtrail.org
Trail map
Map
DCR's Mass Central Rail Trail—Wayside in progress
🟣 In design
🟠 Construction
🟢 Complete

The Mass Central Rail Trail—Wayside (MCRT—Wayside) is a partially completed rail trail in the municipalities of Waltham, Weston, Wayland, Sudbury, Marlborough, Stow, Hudson, Bolton, and Berlin. To date, 8.4 miles (13.5 km) have been opened, and it will be 23 miles (37 km) when complete. It runs along the right-of-way (ROW) of the former Massachusetts Central Railroad and later, former Central Mass Branch still owned by the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA). The Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation leased the right to build the State park in 2010. It is a section of the 104 miles (167 km) Mass Central Rail Trail.

History

[edit]

By 1971, passenger service on the Central Mass Branch west of Waltham, subsidized by the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) since 1964, had ended due to low ridership.[1]: 369–370, 373  In 1972, Governor Francis Sargent initiated a Commuter Rail Improvement Program which concluded that, while too early to restore service on the Central Mass Branch, acquisition from the Boston and Maine Railroad (B&M) to preserve the Central Mass Branch ROW and other ROWs would be prudent.[2]: 143  In 1976, the MBTA purchased from B&M various ROWs across Massachusetts, including the Central Mass Branch. B&M retained various freight rail service obligations over the ROWs for several more years.[3] By 1977, the MBTA had acquired title ownership of all of these ROWs in fee simple, a portion from the 1976 purchase and a portion by order of taking.[4][5] By 1980, a permanent discontinuance of the B&M's freight obligations for the Central Mass Branch west of Waltham was approved. The final train on the Central Mass Branch ROW, freight in Waltham between Bacon Street and Clematis Brook, ran in 1994.[2]: 137–138  In 1996, the MBTA produced the "Central Mass. Commuter Rail Feasibility Study", which advised reactivation of the Central Mass Branch between Berlin and Waltham would not be cost effective.[6] In 1997, a "Central Massachusetts Rail Trail Feasibility Study" was commissioned by the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority, which found construction of a 25 miles (40 km) trail to be feasible.[7] The proposed trail was quickly renamed the Wayside Rail Trail by the Wayside Rail Trail Committee, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit, as the Wayside Inn / Wayside Inn Railroad Waiting Room was a B&M station at the crossing with Dutton Road.[8] All seven municipalities from Berlin to Belmont (excepting Bolton, Stow, and Marlborough, as their shortest sections were expected to be bundled with their surrounding sections) initially approved the trail by large margins. However, a follow up Weston Special Town meeting voted 698 against and 410 in favor, which derailed progress on the Wayside Rail Trail for at least two decades.[9][10]: 23–24 [11][12] In 2006, theft of a section of rail was discovered in Berlin, which encouraged the MBTA to take a more active role maintaining the property.[13] By 2010, the DCR executed a 99-year lease with the MBTA to build what was finally renamed the Mass Central Rail Trail—Wayside, combining the Wayside name with the future vision of a trail from Boston to Northampton. The MCRT—Wayside lease is 23 miles (37 km) from Berlin to Waltham.[10]: 6  Under the terms of the lease, the MBTA retains the right to reactivate commuter rail.[14]: 4  This arrangement is not railbanking because the MBTA neither began the required precondition of abandonment nor consented to the optional process of railbanking.[15]: 6  In 2014, the Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs (EOEEA) determined the trail did not require further Massachusetts Environmental Policy Act review, simplifying permitting.[16]

In Wayland and Weston, by 1952, the Boston Edison Company (BECo) acquired an easement along this section of the B&M's ROW and built overhead power lines.[17]: 3  In 2016, BECo's successor, Eversource, filed permits to build a gravel access road for the power lines over what had become the MBTA's ROW. This included a trail section running from Cochituate Road in Wayland to before the bridge over the MBTA Fitchburg Line in Weston.[10]: 27–28  This significantly reduced construction costs of the trail, and in partnership, the DCR made the decision in January 2017 to build the trail by paving the access road and installing safe road crossings, which completed in 2019.[18][19] Eversource approached Weston for cooperation, sparking Weston's decision to participate, reversing the negative 1997 Town vote. Weston assisted by forming a Rail Trail Committee and made recommendations, constructed the Conant Road underpass not included with DCR's funding, officially stated thanks to DCR and Eversource for their contributions to the trail, and now supports the completion of the entire MCRT.[20]: 44–45 [21][22]

In Hudson, Stow, Marlborough, and Sudbury, in 2015 ISO New England issued a Greater Boston area needs assessment, directing utility companies to investigate a series of transmission projects to improve electrical grid reliability, including a connection of the Eversource substation in Sudbury to Hudson Light & Power.[23]: 16  In January 2015, Sudbury officials noted the potential Sudbury to Hudson Transmission Reliability Project was an opportunity for construction of the MCRT—Wayside at no cost to the town, as the MBTA ROW was the most direct route between the substations.[24] Prior efforts for a locally funded trail had already lost momentum, and with the news of a possibility to build the trail without local funding, Sudbury officials and a Town vote decided against continuing local funding efforts to accelerate a proposed trail build with a crushed stone surface first.[25][26]: 85  By November 2015, Sudbury and Hudson officials requested Eversource consider undergrounding the transmission lines along the MBTA ROW. By February 2016, Eversource identified an underground design under the MBTA ROW and under Hudson roads.[27]: 4, 6  By January 2017, the MBTA negotiated an options agreement with Eversource for this underground route only, at the cost of forgoing approximately $2 million compared to an overhead option, and requiring Eversource to work with DCR to create a trail.[28] In turn, in April 2017, when Eversource sought project approval from the Massachusetts Energy Facilities Siting Board (EFSB), Eversource preferred such an underground MBTA ROW route, though as part of the approval process, Eversource was required to evaluate alternative options. Only the preferred, underground MBTA ROW route was endorsed by the DCR, as the transmission project had the benefit of substantially reducing trail construction costs, and the underground route required Eversource to make several bridge improvements the trail required.[29] The preferred underground MBTA ROW route was approved by the EFSB in 2019. The EFSB decision noted the associated benefits of the trail, but stated the EFSB's approval of the transmission project was independent of the trail benefits.[23]: 163–164  Designed and permitted in partnership with the DCR, the project built a gravel sub-base for the future trail and grass shoulders, restored or rebuilt three trail bridges, built a trail tunnel under Chestnut Street in Hudson, and completed various restorative works such as mechanical removal of all invasive plants, thousands of native plantings, and wetland replication on the MBTA property at a 2:1 ratio of wetland located in the construction area (Phase 1). After the Eversource work, the DCR will pave the trail surface, install safe road crossings, add signage, and restore selected historical railroad features (Phase 2).[30][31][32] Phase 1 construction was originally expected to complete in December 2019, however the start of construction was pushed to October 2022 and will complete by the end of 2024, due to an unexpectedly lengthy permitting process.[33][34]

From 2017-2022, many lawsuits and petitions were filed by the Town of Sudbury and various abutters alleging the overlapping and jointly permitted construction suffered from varied legal defects, including allegations that the MBTA-DCR trail easement was unlawful and void.[15]: 1 [35]: 4, 6  However, in every ruling, all judges determined all plaintiffs could not succeed with any claim.[36][37][4][38][39][15][35] In 2022 and 2023, abutters sued the MBTA in Massachusetts Land Court twice alleging property rights over the MBTA's Central Mass Branch property in furtherance of such allegations, but withdrew both cases before a judicial ruling.[35]: 6 [40][41] In 2024, Hudson Town meeting voters rejected four citizen petitions to sell or lease the MBTA's Central Mass Branch property.[42]: 3, 27–28 [43]: 3 

In Hudson, a 0.75 miles (1.21 km) section of the MCRT—Wayside is shared with the Assabet River Rail Trail along the former Marlborough Branch of the Fitchburg Railroad.[44] Like this trail section, the predecessor railroads also shared this ROW, as some B&M Central Mass passenger trains were run via the Marlborough Branch starting in 1902. This was reduced to Hudson station in 1958, and while subsidized by the MBTA starting in 1964, the final passenger train on the Marlborough Branch ran in 1965.[1]: 369–370 [2]: 161  The MBTA's 1976/1977 purchase/acquisition of various ROWS included the Marlborough Branch along with the Central Mass Branch.[45]: 375–376 [4] B&M ran the final freight train to Hudson on the Marlborough Branch in 1980.[2]: 137 

Trail details

[edit]

All 23 miles (37 km) of the Wayside trail, once built, form a state park maintained by the DCR, except a section shared with the Assabet River Rail Trail, which is maintained by the Town of Hudson.[30][20]: 9  All completed sections of the Wayside trail are paved, and DCR plans to pave both all sections under construction and the only section that is currently stone dust in Wayland.[46][20]: 45  While the MBTA ROW is 50 to 100 feet (15 to 30 m) wide, DCR leased trail sections are 19 feet (5.8 m) wide, known as the "Path Development Corridor", consisting of a paved path, typically 10 or 12 feet (3.0 or 3.7 m) wide, with grass shoulders, grading, and additional side clearance.[47]: 8 [48]: 5 [49]: 11–7, 11–8 

Sections are marked 🟣 in design, 🟠 construction, or 🟢 complete.

🟣 2.3 miles (3.7 km) from Coburn Road, Berlin to the Bolton/Hudson Town line remains unimproved and overgrown with some missing bridges. In 2024, a MassTrails grant for preliminary design of the MCRT—Wayside from Colburn Road Berlin, through Bolton, to the Hudson border was awarded, as well as a feasibility study for all of the MCRT in Berlin to the Clinton border.[50]: 2  The Bolton section is 100 feet (30 m).[16]: 2  There is no known ETA for construction.

🟣 2.6 miles (4.2 km) from the Bolton/Hudson Town line to Priest Street, Hudson is unimproved.[51]: 10  A 2023 MassTrails grant was awarded for design of this section.[52]: 6  This section includes a timber trestle bridge over Bruce's Pond used by pedestrians but unimproved.[53]: 17–18 

MCRT—Wayside & Assabet River Rail Trail at the former location of Gleason Junction station, Hudson

🟢 0.75 miles (1.21 km) from Priest Street, Hudson to Wilkins Street, Hudson, is complete and shared with the Assabet River Rail Trail (ARRT). This section of the ARRT opened in 2005 and is maintained by the Town of Hudson. The trail sharing arraignment is a cost saving measure for the build of the MCRT—Wayside, including eliminating the cost of rehabilitating a timber trestle bridge over the Assabet River to the northwest of the section.[51]: 11 [53]: 19–21  The unimproved ROW, intersecting the completed trail at the former Gleason Junction, runs northwest and southeast.

MCRT—Wayside Phase 1 and Bruce Freeman Rail Trail Phase 2D construction, Sudbury

🟠 7.6 miles (12.2 km) from Wilkins Street, Hudson to the Sudbury Substation are under construction, passing thought the towns in the order Hudson-Stow-Hudson-Marlborough-Sudbury. Phase 1 construction, including the pedestrian bridges and a gravel access road, is ongoing. Bridge 127 in Sudbury was a riveted plate deck girder bridge, built in 1881. Over time, it had submerged into Hop Brook, damaging the piers and steel. Bridge 130 over Fort Meadow Brook in Hudson was a timber trestle bridge, destroyed by fire in 2019. Both bridges were replaced by prefabricated structural steel truss bridges in 2024. Bridge 128, also over Hop Brook in Sudbury, was built in 1881. It is a riveted plate deck girder bridge with granite abutments and timber piers.[53]: 10–14, 25–27  It received a new timber deck and railing, preserving the girders, piers, cross frames, and the majority of the abutments.[54]: 4–5  A new precast arch pedestrian tunnel was installed under Chestnut Street in Hudson.[55] This section passes by South Sudbury station adjacent to the former railroad crossing, with tracks forming a diamond to be preserved inside a new trail rotary, and the historic Sudbury Section Tool House.[56] The Stow section is 327 feet (100 m) between Wilkins St Hudson and Chestnut St Hudson.[16]: 2  The Marlborough section is several feet to the center of the trail, forming a tripoint with the Hudson and Sudbury borders. It is accessible from Marlborough by the Old Concord Road hiking path.[57] The Wayside Inn Railroad Waiting Room was a B&M station at the Dutton Road crossing for which the MCRT—Wayside is named.[8] The ETA of Phase 2 construction is Spring 2025.[30]

🟣 1.4 miles (2.3 km) from the Sudbury substation to Route 20, Wayland are unimproved. This section is currently at 25% design and funded to construct a paved trail.[46]: 15  The ETA for the start of construction is Spring 2027.[58] There is a timber trestle bridge over the Sudbury River in Great Meadows Wildlife Refuge.[53]: 22–24 

Wayland Station

🟢 0.5 miles (0.80 km) from Route 20, Wayland to Cochituate Road, Wayland is complete with a stone dust surface. It was installed as a stone dust trail by the Town of Wayland in 2017, and includes a historic railway turntable to be preserved.[10]: 56 [46]: 26  It will be improved in the Spring 2027 Sudbury-Wayland construction project with paving. This section passes by Wayland station.

The Town of Weston built the Conant Road underpass in 2019

🟢 4.4 miles (7.1 km) from Cochituate Road, Wayland to before the bridge over MBTA Fitchburg Line, Weston are complete. The DCR paved the access road and installed safe road crossings in 2019.[59] This section passes by the historic Wayland Freight House and Weston station.[60]

Lattice truss bridge over Fitchburg Line in Weston, unimproved

🟠 0.3 miles (0.48 km) from before the bridge over MBTA Fitchburg Line, Weston to Jones Road, Waltham is under construction, known as Mass Central Rail Trail Waltham-Weston, Phase 1. This section will rehabilitate the existing bridge over the MBTA Fitchburg Line. The bridge was built in 1896 and is a riveted lattice truss bridge on stone abutments.[61] Construction funding was announced in 2023 and DCR issued a notice to proceed with construction in 2024.[62][63] Construction is estimated to complete summer 2025.[30]

🟣 0.5 miles (0.80 km) from Jones Road, Waltham to Hillside Road, Waltham is unimproved, known as Mass Central Rail Trail Waltham-Weston, Phase 2. This section will rehabilitate the existing bridge over Rt. 128. The bridge was built in 1960 and is a two-span plate girder bridge on concrete abutments and pier.[53]: 6–7  This section is at 25% design.[61] It will be designed in coordination with the 1265 Main Street Phase 2 mixed use development and roadway improvements project. The roadway improvement portion of the 1265 Main project will occur first, is planned for 2025, and will create a new shared use path on Route 117 and Green Street. DCR notes this roadwork will establish the first connection between the neighboring MCRT sections, prior to the more direct 128 Bridge rehabilitation route.[61][64] The 1265 Main project also considers relocating the Kendal Green MBTA commuter rail station to Jones Road to create a multi-modal center integrated with the trail.[65]: 9  Construction is estimated to start in 2024 for the Green Street / 117 shared use path, with the 128 Bridge work to be determined, to follow MCRT Waltham-Weston, Phase 1.[66]: 124 [64]

🟢 0.3 miles (0.48 km) from Hillside Road, Waltham to after Border Street, Waltham, is the first completed section of the Wayside trail. It was built in 2014 in partnership with the 1265 Main Street Phase 1 development.[67]

🟢 2.75 miles (4.43 km) from after Border Street, Waltham to Beaver Street, Waltham, at the location of the former Clemantis Brook Station location, is complete.[16]: 3  Waltham funded the approximately $9 million cost of construction of its section from City revenues.[68] Construction began in 2022 and was substantially complete by September 2023.[69][70] However, the Linden Street bridge rehabilitation has not begun, and therefore the two completed sections are not continuous. The timber trestle bridge over Clemantis Brook was rehabilitated with new decking and timber bridge railings, stone abutments, and concrete piles. This section passes by Waltham Highlands station. Past Linden Street, it is an example of rails with trails with the MBTA Fitchburg Line.

🟠 120 feet (37 m) of the Linden Street bridge rehabilitation in-between the completed main Waltham section has not begun. Waltham received matching MassTrails grants in 2022 and 2023 to fund construction, however DCR eventually decided to reconstruct the bridge.[71]: 9 [52]: 11 [30] It was built in 1894 and is a riveted lattice truss bridge on granite abutments. The Linden Street bridge project also includes sidewalk and railroad crossing improvements at Beaver Street. Construction bid was awarded, and construction is estimated to begin in spring 2025.[30]

Connecting trails

[edit]

In Hudson, the MCRT—Wayside connects with the Assabet River Rail Trail in Hudson. In Sudbury, it connects with the Bruce Freeman Rail Trail Phase 2D which is under construction, and the two trails will connect at the site of the Sudbury "diamond". There are also many connections to hiking trails including the Assabet River National Wildlife Refuge, the City of Marlborough Desert Natural Area, the Town of Sudbury Hop Brook Marsh Conservation Land, and Sudbury Valley Trustees Memorial Forest.[72] In Wayland, a portion of the trail is shared with the Bay Circuit Trail and the East Coast Greenway. In Weston, there are many connections to hiking trails including Jericho Town Forest and Sears Conservation Land.[73] In Waltham, there is a connection to the hiking trails in Prospect Hill Park. The Western Greenway to MCRT connection received a 2023 MassTrails grant for design and permitting.[52]: 11 [74]

References

[edit]
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  69. ^ "Waltham's Wayside Trail Project". City of Waltham, Massachusetts. Retrieved 2023-08-24.
  70. ^ "Design of the Waltham Component of the Mass Central Rail Trail – Wayside Branch". Pare Corporation. Retrieved 2024-03-19.
  71. ^ Cite error: The named reference 2022awards was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  72. ^ "Memorial Forest". Sudbury Valley Trustees. Retrieved 2024-10-16.
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rocketwidget/Mass Central Rail Trail—Wayside.


Mass Central Rail Trail—Wayside

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Berlin, Bolton, Hudson, Stow, Marlborough, Sudbury, Wayland, Weston, Waltham
See also: Mass Central Rail Trail—Wayside
Map
DCR's Mass Central Rail Trail—Wayside in progress
🟣 In design
🟠 Construction
🟢 Complete
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