User:Ahmed NGS/sandbox
Bachir Gemayel بشير الجميّل | |
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| President-elect of Lebanon | |
| In role 23 August 1982 – 14 September 1982 | |
| Preceded by | Elias Sarkis |
| Succeeded by | Amine Gemayel |
| Leader of the Lebanese Forces | |
| In office 1976–1982 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 10 November 1947 Achrafieh, Beirut, Lebanon |
| Died | 14 September 1982 (aged 34) Achrafieh, Beirut, Lebanon |
| Political party | Kataeb Party |
| Spouse(s) | |
| Relations | Amine Gemayel (brother) |
| Children | Maya Gemayel (1978–1980) Youmna Gemayel Nadim Gemayel |
| Parent(s) | Pierre Gemayel Geneviève Gemayel |
| Education | Saint Joseph University |
| Occupation | Lawyer |
Sheikh Bachir Pierre Gemayel (Arabic: بشير بيار الجميّل) was a Lebanese Maronite Christian militia commander and politician who was elected as the President of Lebanon in 1982.
Born in Achrafieh to an influential political family, he was the of Pierre Gemayel, the founder of the Phalanges Party, which he joined in his youth, as well as its military wing, Kataeb Regulatory Forces. He also studied law at Saint Joseph University and worked as lawyer during the early 1970s.
- Born in Achrafieh
- Member of Gemayel family
- His father was Pierre Gemayel
- He was a member of Kataeb
- Worked as a lawyer
- He became the military leader of the party during the civil war
- Formed the Lebanese Forces and became it's leader
- United the Christian militias by forces
- Fought Syria and Palestinians
- Allied with Israel
- Was Elected President
- Assassinated by Habib Chartouni
- Controversial
Amine Gemayel أمين الجميٌل | |
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 Amine Gemayel in 1982 | |
| President of Lebanon | |
| In office 23 September 1982 – 22 September 1988 | |
| Prime Minister | Shafik Wazzan Rashid Karami Selim Hoss |
| Preceded by | Elias Sarkis Bachir Gemayel (elected) |
| Succeeded by | Michel Aoun |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 22 January 1942 Bikfaya, Greater Lebanon |
| Political party | Kataeb Party |
| Spouse | |
| Children | Nicole Pierre Samy |
| Alma mater | St. Joseph University |
| Website | Official website |
Sheikh Amine Gemayel (Arabic: أمين بيار الجميّل; born 22 January 1942) is Lebanese Maronite Christian politican who has served as the President of Lebanon from 1982 to 1988.
Born in Bikfaya,
- Born in Bikfaya
- Member of Gemayel
- Son of Pierre
- Joined Kataeb
- Was elected as deputy
- Was elected president after his brother Bachir assassination
- Fought in the Mountain War
- Completed 17 May agreement but couldn't varify it
- Formed a National Unity Government
- Dismissed the government and appointed Aoun
- His descision esculated the war
- Went to self emposed exile
- returned to Lebanon
- organized opposition for syria and kataeb
- joined Qornet Chehwan Gathering
- participated in the Cedar Revolution
- failed in the by election after the assassination of his son Pierre
- was elected as president of the falangist
- succeded by Samy
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Samir Geagea سمير جعجع | |
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| Executive Chairman of Lebanese Forces | |
| Assumed office 15 January 1986 | |
| Preceded by | Elie Hobeika |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 25 October 1952 Beirut, Lebanon |
| Political party | Lebanese Forces |
| Other political affiliations | Kataeb Party (until 1992) |
| Spouse | Sethrida Tawk |
| Alma mater | American University of Beirut Saint Joseph University |
| Signature |  |
Samir Farid Geagea (Arabic: سمير فريد جعجع) is Lebanese Maronite Christian politican and former militia commander who has been leading the Lebanese Forces since 1984.
Born in Ain el-Remmeneh Beirut,
- Born in Ain el-Remmeneh
- Studied Medicine for six years
- Joined Kataeb
- Was a prominent military personell in Lebanese Forces, which was allied with Israel against Syria and Palestinians
- Responsibility for Ehden Massacre
- after the assassination of Bachir, he fought in the Mountain War
- he organized a coup with Hobeika against Abou Nader
- opposed the triple agreement in Damascus , organized a second coup against Hobeika
- supported Aoun's government initially
- agreed to Taef, cooparated with Hrawi
- Clashed with Aoun
- dissolued the militia and formed the party
- He was charged with Our Lady of Deliverance bombing
- Imprisoned by Syria for 11 years, LF dissolued
- Supporters engaged with Cedar Revolution
- given amnesty by parliament
- His party joined the 14 March Alliance
- Participated in Doha agreement
- Ran for the presidency
- Backed Aoun after Maarab understanding
- Opposed his presidency
- participated in 2019-20 protests, alough not being welcomed by some
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Michel Aoun | |
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| ميشال نعيم عون | |
_2.jpg) Aoun during his meeting with Russian president Vladimir Putin in 2019 | |
| President of Lebanon | |
| Assumed office 31 October 2016 | |
| Prime Minister | Tammam Salam Saad Hariri Hassan Diab |
| Preceded by | Michel Sleiman |
| In office 22 September 1988 – 13 October 1990* Acting, disputed | |
| Prime Minister | Himself |
| Preceded by | Amine Gemayel |
| Succeeded by | Elias Hrawi |
| 28th Prime Minister of Lebanon Disputed | |
| In office 22 September 1988 – 13 October 1990* | |
| President | Himself |
| Preceded by | Selim Hoss |
| Succeeded by | Selim Hoss |
| Member of Parliament | |
| In office 20 April 2005 – 31 October 2016 | |
| Succeeded by | Chamel Roukoz |
| Constituency | Keserwan District |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Michel Naim Aoun 30 September 1933 Haret Hreik, Greater Lebanon |
| Political party | Free Patriotic Movement |
| Other political affiliations | March 8 Alliance |
| Spouse |
Nadia El-Chami (m. 1968) |
| Children |
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| Signature |  |
| Nickname | Jebrayel |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Lebanon |
| Branch/service | Lebanese Army |
| Years of service | 1958–1991 |
| Rank | General |
| Battles/wars | Lebanese Civil War |
| *Aoun's presidency was disputed by Selim Hoss, René Moawad and Elias Hrawi. **Aoun's premiership was disputed by Selim Hoss. | |
Michel Naim Aoun (Arabic: ميشال نعيم عون) is a Lebanese Maronite Christian politican and army general who has been serving as the President of Lebanon since 2016.
Born in Haret Hreik, Aoun joined the Military Academy in 1955 and graduated as an artillery officer in the Lebanese Army. In the Lebanese Civil War, he took part in the Siege of Tel al-Zaatar, and led the 8th Infantry Brigade during the Mountain War. He was allied with the Lebanese Front and the United States against Syria and the Palestinian factions. In 1984, he bacame the youngest Commander of the Army, at the age of 49 years.
In 1988, he was appointed as Prime Minister by the departing President Amine Gemayel, who formed a military government after the parliament failed to elect a new president, dismissing the current government by Selim Hoss. Supported by Syria, Hoss refused this decision, which caused the rise of two rival governments contending for power, with Aoun being supported by Christians and Iraq, while the other being supported by Muslims and Syria.
As Prime Minister, Aoun declared the War of Liberation on Syria in 1989, opposed the Taif Agreement, refused to refused to recognize the newly elected presidents René Moawad and Elias Hrawi, and clashed with the Lebanese Forces led by Samir Geagea. On 13 October 1990, the Syrian forces launched a decisive operation against him, invading his strongholds, including the Presidential Palace in Baabda, and killing hundreds of Lebanese soldiers and civilians. He fled to the French Embassy where he declared his surrender and was later granted asylum in France, where he lived in exile for 15 years.
In his exile, he founded the Free Patriotic Movement, and played a key role in the Syria Accountability Act by testifying in Congress in 2003. Following the assassination of Rafic Hariri in 2005, a chain of widespread demonstrations erupted in Lebanon and resulted in the withdrawal of Syrian troops from the country. Eleven days later, Aoun returned to Lebaon.
He won a seat in the Parliament in the 2005 general election, and headed the parliamentary bloc "Change and Reform", which was formed of 21 deputies. In 2006, he signed a memorandum of understanding with Hezbollah, and joined the March 8 Alliance. (اعتصام المعارضة واتفاق الدوحة). He also visited the Syrian President Bashar al-Assad in 2008, ending his rivalry with Syria.
, Aoun signed with Geagea after signing and was endorsed by the Lebanese Forces, Future Movement, Progressive Socialist Party as well as Hezbollah to become the thirteenth President of Lebanon. He is the oldest president, taking office at the age of 81 years. After his election, he was sworn in and succeded Michel Suleiman.
The country descended into chaos with a popular uprising, bringing millions of Lebanese in Lebanon and abroad to take to the streets, mainly caused by the liquidity crisis, political corruption and sectarianism.
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Nabih Berri نبيه بري | |
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 Berri in 2010 | |
| Speaker of the Parliament of Lebanon | |
| Assumed office 20 October 1992 | |
| President | Elias Hrawi Émile Lahoud Michel Sleiman Michel Aoun |
| Preceded by | Hussein el-Husseini |
| President of Amal Movement | |
| Assumed office 1980 | |
| Preceded by | Hussein el-Husseini |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 28 January 1938 Bo, Sierra Leone |
| Nationality | Lebanese |
| Political party | Amal Movement |
| Spouse | Randa Berri |
| Website | www |
Nabih Mostafa Berri (Arabic: نبيه مصطفى برّي) is a Lebanese Shia Muslim politican and former militia commander who has been serving as the Speaker of the Parliament of Lebanon since 1992.
Born in Bo, Sierra Leone,
- Born in Seirra Leone
- Worked as a lawyer
- Joined Amal
- Husseini became Amal leader after Sadr dissaperance, resigned, berri succeded him
- Amal and LRR joined the war
- Allied with Syria and Jumblatt against government and Palestinians
- fought in the battle of khalde
- fought in mountain war
- fought in the war of camps
- organized intifada in opposition of 17 May
- joined National Unity gov
- fought in the war of brothers
- agreed to taef
- elected mp and speaker
- participated in doha
- opposed 14 march and hariri trial
- joined 8 march
- opposed Aoun
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Walid Jumblatt وليد جنبلاط | |
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 Walid Jumblatt in 2010 | |
| Born | 7 August 1949 |
| Nationality | Lebanese |
| Other names | Walid beyk |
| Occupation | Politician |
| Office | Head of the Jumblatt family |
| Predecessor | Kamal Jumblatt |
| Successor | Taymour Jumblatt |
| Political party | Progressive Socialist Party |
| Spouse | Nora Jumblatt |
| Children | Taymour (born 1982) Aslan (born 1983) Dalia (born 1989) |
| Parent(s) | Kamal Beyk Jumblatt Emira May Arslan |
| Relatives | Emir Shakib Arslan (grandfather) |
Walid Kamal Jumblatt (Arabic: وليد جنبلاط), also refered to as Walid Bey, is a Lebanese Druze politican and former militia commander who has been leading the Progressive Socialist Party since 1977.
- He was born in Moukhtara
- He is a member of a historical politcal family in the country
- His father was Kamal Jumblatt, the founder of Progressive Socialist Party and its military wing People's Liberation Army.
- He succeded his father after his assassination
historical political family in Lebanon, he succeded his father, Kamal Jumblatt, in heading both the party and the sect, after his assassination during the Lebanese Civil War. Unlike him, he allied with Syria, establisheing the Lebanese National Resistance Front, which he led to vicotry in the Mountain War between 1983 and 1984.
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Bechara el Khoury | |
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 Sheikh Bechara El Khoury's Presidential portrait, 1943. | |
| President of Lebanon | |
| In office 22 November 1943 – 18 September 1952 | |
| Prime Minister | Riad Al Solh Abdul Hamid Karami Sami as-Solh Saadi Al Munla Hussein Al Oweini Abdallah El-Yafi Nazem Akkari Saeb Salam |
| Succeeded by | Camille Chamoun |
| In office 21 September 1943 – 11 November 1943 | |
| Preceded by | Petro Trad |
| Succeeded by | Émile Eddé |
| Prime Minister of Lebanon | |
| In office 5 May 1927 – 10 August 1928 | |
| Preceded by | Auguste Adib Pacha |
| Succeeded by | Habib Pacha Es-Saad |
| In office 9 May 1929 – 11 October 1929 | |
| Preceded by | Habib Pacha Es-Saad |
| Succeeded by | Émile Eddé |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 10 August 1890 Rechmaya, Aley District, Ottoman Lebanon |
| Died | 11 January 1964 (aged 73) Beirut, Lebanon |
| Citizenship | Ottoman Empire (1890–1918) Arab Kingdom of Syria (1918–1920) Greater Lebanon (1920–1943) Lebanon (1943–1964) |
| Political party | Constitutional Bloc |
| Spouse | Laure Shiha |
| Children | 3, including Huguette Caland |
| Residence | Cairo (1914–1919) |
Bechara Khalil El Khoury (Arabic: بشارة خليل الخوري) was a Lebanese Maronite Christian lawyer and politican who has served as the President of Lebanon from 1943 to 1952.
Born in Rechmaya,
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Émile Eddé | |
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 Portrait of Émile Eddé | |
| President of Lebanon | |
Disputed | |
| In office 11 November 1943 – 22 November 1943 | |
| Preceded by | Bechara El Khoury |
| Succeeded by | Bechara El Khoury |
| In office 20 January 1936 – 4 April 1941 | |
| Prime Minister | Khayreddin al-Ahdab Khaled Chehab Abdallah Yafi Abdallah Beyhum |
| Preceded by | Habib Pacha Saad |
| Succeeded by | Alfred Georges Naccache |
| Prime Minister of Lebanon | |
| In office 11 October 1929 – 25 March 1930 | |
| President | Charles Debbas |
| Preceded by | Bechara El Khoury |
| Succeeded by | Auguste Adib Pacha |
| Speaker of the Parliament of Lebanon | |
| In office 21 October 1924 – 13 January 1925 | |
| President | Charles Debbas |
| Preceded by | Naum Labaki |
| Succeeded by | Moussa Namour |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 5 May 1883 Damascus, Syria Vilayet |
| Died | 27 September 1949 Sawfar, Lebanon |
| Citizenship | Ottoman Empire (1883–1918) Arab Kingdom of Syria (1918–1920) Greater Lebanon (1920–1943) Lebanon (1943–1949) |
| Political party | National Bloc |
| Children | 3, icluding Raymond |
| Residence | Alexandria (1915–1918) |
| Education | Saint Joseph University Aix-Marseille University (PhD in law) |
Émile Ibrahim Eddé (Arabic: إميل إبراهيم إدّه; 5 May 1886 – 28 September 1949) was a Lebanese Maronite Christian lawyer and politican who has served as the President of Lebanon from 1943 to 1952.
Born in Damascus, Syria,
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The XXXX Lebanese presidential election was the xxxx presidential election, held on xx xxxx xxxx. The (party) (position) (name) (defeated) (party) (position) (name)
