User:पाटलिपुत्र

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This user has been on Wikipedia for 8 years and 16 days.

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Awards

		The Barnstar of Fine Arts
		Many thanks for improving the encyclopedia's coverage of art-related topics with your expansion of Central Asian art Johnbod (talk) 15:39, 18 February 2021 (UTC)

		The Afghanistan Star
		Dear पाटलिपुत्र, thank you for your contributions to Hadda, Afghanistan. Keep up the amazing work! You are making a huge contribution to our shared history! Blessings and regards PashtoPromoter (talk) 18:17, 19 March 2021 (UTC)

	The Original Barnstar
	Thank you for adding this intriguing little gem here. Uriel1022 (talk) 20:38, 3 May 2024 (UTC)

	The Writer's Barnstar
	Wow! Fantastic work on Kizil Caves. I am beyond impressed. Zakaria ښه راغلاست (talk) 16:22, 26 December 2020 (UTC)

	The Original Barnstar
	You've filled a lot of holes in antiquity related stuff, well done and thanks. HistoryofIran (talk) 23:56, 20 January 2019 (UTC)

	The Original Barnstar
	For your excellent work on Indian History related articles. Razer(talk) 10:21, 7 August 2017 (UTC)

	The Original Barnstar
	Kash 95 019 Hi, I've put the Kash picture you requested up, in full size so you can use it if you want. Dosseman (talk) 19:38, 6 February 2019 (UTC)

		The Epic Barnstar
		Great work on Awan (ancient city). Zakaria1978 عوامی نيشنل پارٹی زندہ باد (talk) 00:24, 9 September 2020 (UTC)

Another great article creation in Buddhist caves in India!
Regards, SshibumXZ (talk · contribs). 08:47, 20 September 2018 (UTC)

	Özgün Yıldız
	Improvements on Turk Shahis. Beshogur (talk) 11:14, 1 November 2020 (UTC)

	Özgün Yıldız
	Thanks for Hepthalite related contributions. Beshogur (talk) 15:28, 12 December 2021 (UTC)

	The Original Barnstar
	A special thank you for your major contribution towards articles related to pre-Islamic Afghanistan, especially the Turko-Hephtalite era. Keep on doing what you are doing, we need more people like you! Xerxes931 (talk) 15:35, 1 November 2020 (UTC)

	Sage of Bactria
	Thank you for creating and expanding a significant number of pages on the rulers of Bactria and Gandhara. You're input, including your excellent coin-derived reliefs, has covered a big knowledge gap in wikipedia for a fascinating time in history, from the Hellenistic states, to the Kushanshahs, to the last of the Hunic emperors! Alx_bio 16:41, 24 July 2017 (UTC)

	The Random Acts of Kindness Barnstar
	Thank you for being kind. I really appreciate it. Look forward in reading your awesome content creation. Zakaria1978 ښه راغلاست (talk) 17:00, 25 December 2020 (UTC)

	The Special Barnstar
	Thanks for adding a number of images from CNG coins to Commons. Post-Mauryan coinage of Gandhara looks interesting as well. Cpt.a.haddock (talk) (please ping when replying) 13:40, 28 June 2017 (UTC)

7&6=thirteen (☎) has given you a Dobos torte to enjoy! Seven layers of fun because you deserve it. 7&6=thirteen (☎) 17:25, 21 January 2022 (UTC)

1.5km
1mile

Mathura

Seven Deadly Sins

"Wealth without work
Pleasure without conscience
Science without humanity
Knowledge without character
Politics without principle
Commerce without morality
Worship without sacrifice."

- Mahatma Gandhi

Code, Links, etc...

Demis MAP server
REFERENCING:

1 Source: {{cite journal |last1=Rawson |first1=Jessica |title=Chariotry and Prone Burials: Reassessing Late Shang China’s Relationship with Its Northern Neighbours |journal=Journal of World Prehistory |date=June 2020 |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=135–168 |doi=10.1007/s10963-020-09142-4}} ▶ ==Sources==
2 Raw ref: {{sfn|Rawson|2020|p=137|loc=Figure 2}} ▶ ==References=={{reflist}}
3 Quotes: {{efn|{{harvnb|Rawson|2020|p=137}}: "Alas, all these were either late or Punic, and came from Cyprus, from the ruins of Kition, from Malta, Sardinia, Athens, and Carthage, but not yet from the Phoenician homeland."}} ▶ ==Notes=={{notelist}}
4 Same quote several times: {{efn|name=R1|{{harvnb|Rawson|2020|p=137}}: "Alas, all these were either late or Punic, and came from Cyprus, from the ruins of Kition, from Malta, Sardinia, Athens, and Carthage, but not yet from the Phoenician homeland."}} and then {{efn|name=name=R1}}.... {{efn|name=R1}}.... {{efn|name=R1}}
5 Comments: {{efn|Clarification of interesting fact.{{sfn|Rawson|2020|p=137}}}} ▶ ==Notes=={{notelist}}
{{Sfn|Van Dyck|1864|p=67}}{{NoteTag| Lehmann wrote in 2013: "Alas, all these were either late or Punic, and came from Cyprus, from the ruins of Kition, from Malta, Sardinia, Athens, and Carthage, but not yet from the Phoenician homeland. The first Phoenician text as such was found as late as 1855, the Eshmunazor sarcophagus inscription from Sidon;"{{sfn|Lehmann|2013|p=213}}}}
{{sfn|Fitzhugh|2009|p=102}}
{{sfn|Fitzhugh|2009|p=102|loc="xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"}}
<ref>{{harvnb|Fitzhugh|2009|p=102}}:"xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"</ref>

Da Yu ding

Thumb image without border:
{{multiple image|border=infobox|width=150|align=right|image1=Da Yu ding.jpg|footer=[[Da Yu ding|''Da Yu'' ding]]}}
Better: [[File:Қарлұқтар.png|frameless|center|270px]]
Tagging Chinese language text: ({{zhi|t=古四分歷|s=古四分历}})

Per WP:RS "Self-published expert sources may be considered reliable when produced by an established expert on the subject matter, whose work in the relevant field has previously been published by reliable, independent publications."
Past worlds : the Times atlas of archaeology. Hamond, N.J. : Hammond. 1988. ISBN 978-0-7230-0306-9.

Dark Mode exemption: add the class="mw-no-invert" inside the span code, as in 500 to print 500 without the color being affected by the Dark Mode.

{{zh|t=喀喇契丹|s=哈剌契丹|p=Kālā Qìdān}} gives: simplified Chinese: 哈剌契丹; traditional Chinese: 喀喇契丹; pinyin: Kālā Qìdān

Gnecchi-Ruscone, Guido Alberto (14 April 2022). "Ancient genomes reveal origin and rapid trans-Eurasian migration of 7th century Avar elites". Cell. 185 (8): 1402–1413.e21. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2022.03.007. ISSN 0092-8674.
Jeong, Choongwon (12 November 2020). "A Dynamic 6,000-Year Genetic History of Eurasia's Eastern Steppe". Cell. 183 (4): 890–904.e29. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.015. ISSN 0092-8674.
Damgaard, Peter de Barros (May 2018). "137 ancient human genomes from across the Eurasian steppes". Nature. 557 (7705): 369–374. Bibcode:2018Natur.557..369D. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0094-2. hdl:1887/3202709. PMID 29743675. S2CID 13670282.

Hermitage Museum, room by room

Kokel Culture
{{sfn|author|2011|p=243, Fig.24|loc= xxxxxxxx}}
MOS:ETHNICITY relates to Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Biography

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Walter Art Museum [1] (CC0)
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Interlanguage links:
*{{ill|Matvey Gagarin|ru|Гагарин, Матвей Петрович}} gives: Matvey Gagarin [ru]
[[:zh:紫光阁功臣像|紫光阁功臣像]] simply links to the Chinese article: 紫光阁功臣像

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Rapin, Claude (26 July 2007). After Alexander: Central Asia Before Islam: Chapter 2 "Nomads and the shaping of Central Asia (from the early Iron Age to the Kushan period)". OUP/British Academy. ISBN 978-0-19-726384-6.
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Involved users should generally not close an RfC [3], per WP:NACINV

Wikipedia Library

== Disruptive editing == [[File:Stop hand nuvola.svg|30px|alt=Stop icon]] You may be '''[[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked from editing]] without further warning''' the next time you [[Wikipedia:Disruptive editing|disrupt]] Wikipedia, as you did at [[:Gautama Buddha]].  ~~~~

Code for Bactrian script. Example: {{lang|xbc-Grek|ϸανιο}}

[[wiktionary:𑀢𑀼𑀭𑀫𑀸𑀬#Ashokan_Prakrit|𑀢𑀼𑀭𑀫𑀸𑀬]] or just [[wikt:𑀢𑀼𑀭𑀫𑀸𑀬#Ashokan_Prakrit|𑀢𑀼𑀭𑀫𑀸𑀬]]
S- 𑀲𑁆 Sti𑀲𑁆𑀢𑀺 Sva 𑀲𑁆𑀯 D- 𑀤𑁆 Dba 𑀤𑁆𑀩𑀸 T- 𑀢𑁆 TTa 𑀢𑁆𑀢 Tra 𑀢𑁆𑀭 Tpa 𑀢𑁆𑀧 M- 𑀫𑁆 Mha 𑀫𑁆𑀳 B- 𑀩𑁆 Bra 𑀩𑁆𑀭 P- 𑀧𑁆 Pr 𑀧𑁆𑀭 Ppa 𑀧𑁆𑀧 ṭ- 𑀝𑁆 ṭṭa 𑀝𑁆𑀝 g- 𑀕𑁆 gga 𑀕𑁆𑀕 k- 𑀓𑁆 kka 𑀓𑁆𑀓 v- 𑀯𑁆 vra 𑀯𑁆𑀭 Dh- 𑀥𑁆 Dhra 𑀥𑁆𑀭
RfC notice: {{subst:rfc notice|NAME|DISCUSSION PAGE#SECTION NAME}} ~~~~

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Rowland, Benjamin (1975). The art of Central Asia. New York, Crown.
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Alphabetical list of all Unicode cuneiform signs
Sumerian dictionnary
Year names
Cdli ED documents
CDLI search
"Image captions should be referenced as appropriate just like any other part of the article" in Wikipedia:Citing sources
Frayne, Douglas (1993). Sargonic and Gutian Periods. University of Toronto Press.
𒈣𒉌𒌇𒆳𒋫𒄘𒄑𒈬-𒅅
Articles by size
{{Annotated image}} see Khwarezm
{{Annotated image | caption = Map of Khwarazm during the early Islamic period | image = Map of Khwarazm in the Islamic period, before the Mongol invasion.svg | annotations = {{Annotation|120|53|[[Sakas|SAKAS]]|text-align=center|font-weight=bold|font-style=normal|font-size=7|color=#000000}} }}
𒈣ma2 𒉌𒌇dilmun𒆳kur𒋫ta𒄘gu2 𒄑gesz mu𒈬-gal2𒅅
Transparent note: 
Bhagwan Lal Indraji
For separate blocks of refs inside a Talk Page: {{reflist-talk}}
Merneptah Stele
Hui Chao, Memoir of the pilgrimage to the five kingdoms of India
History of Egypt
British Museum contributor:User:Prioryman
India National Museums
WIT
Flickr to Commons
Egypt-Mesopotamia
The Paleography of Brahmi script
Module:Location map/data/West Asia
Cleveland Museum of Art
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Video to Commons [4]
Kizil images
{{free access}}
PLOS
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Naqada dates
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{{sfn|Dandekar|1977|p=9499}} Dandekar (1977), "Vaishnavism: an overview", in Jones, Lindsay (ed.), MacMillan Encyclopedia of Religion, MacMillan (Reprinted in 2005), ISBN 978-0028657332

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ANS search
Non-Commons pre-1923 as in File:The Elephant Celebes.jpg
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{{CC-notice|cc=by4|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page|author(s)=John, Ringo, George and Paul}}
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<ref name="AH">{{cite book |last1=Stokstad |first1=Marilyn |last2=Cothren |first2=Michael W. |title=Art History (5th Edition) Chapter 10: Art Of South And Southeast Asia Before 1200 |date=2013 |publisher=Pearson |isbn=978-0205873487 |pages=306-308 |url=https://archive.org/details/ArtHistory5thEditionCH10ArtOfSouthAndSoutheastAsiaBefore1200/page/n11 |language=English}}</ref>

Photographs by Carole Raddato
Achaemenid Cyprus
Cyprus in the Achaemenid period
Fair use rationale 2 3
Robinson projections
Transliteration of Ancient Egyptian
Livius Indus civilization http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/philostorgius_fn.htm#43
Achaemenids in India
Udayagari caves
Sircar: Ashokan studies
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Street view

Google Books: .com .de .bg .co.uk .nl? .dk .ru .it .fr .in? .sw?

City of Kushinagar

Conjectural reconstruction of the main gate of Kusinagara circa 500 BCE adapted from a relief at Sanchi.

City of Kushinagar in the 5th century BCE according to a 1st-century BCE frieze in Sanchi Stupa 1 Southern Gate.

City of Kushinagar

Conjectural reconstruction of the main gate of Kusinagara circa 500 BCE adapted from a relief at Sanchi.

City of Kushinagar in the 5th century BCE according to a 1st-century BCE frieze in Sanchi Stupa 1 Southern Gate.

Books

EARLY BUDDHIST ART OF CHINA AND CENTRAL ASIA Volume 1 (Rhie) [5] The Styles Of Ornament From Prehistoric Times To The Middle Of The XIXth Century
Catalogue of coins in the Panjab Museum, Lahore
Inscriptions of Ashoka
A history of India/ Priprawa vase
The Jesuits in India
Catalogue of the coins in the Indian Museum, Calcutta Vol.1
Catalogue of the coins in the Indian Museum, Calcutta Vol.2
The coins of India
Coins of Ancient India from the Earliest Times Down to the Seventh Century A.D. Source of Indian history: Coins, by Cunningham
Cambridge History of India
A history of fine art in India and Ceylon

PD-ART for frescoes [6]
沙箱

General location of the Pazyryk culture

Saketa

class=notpageimage|

Location of Saketa/ Ayodhya in India.

Sack of Kausambi

Find spots of inscriptions related to local control by the Alchon Huns (map of India)^[4]

Modern gravestone of Justus

Justus was the fourth archbishop of Canterbury. Pope Gregory the Great sent Justus to England on a mission to Christianise the Anglo-Saxons, probably arriving with the second group of missionaries despatched in 601. Justus became the first bishop of Rochester in 604 and signed a letter to the Irish bishops urging them to adopt the Roman method of calculating the date of Easter. He also attended a church council in Paris in 614. Following the death of King Æthelberht of Kent in 616, Justus was forced to flee to Gaul but was reinstated in his diocese the following year. In 624, Justus became Archbishop of Canterbury, overseeing the despatch of missionaries to Northumbria. He died on 10 November, probably sometime between 627 and 631. After his death, he was revered as a saint and had a shrine in St Augustine's Abbey in Canterbury, to which his remains were translated in the 1090s (gravestone pictured). (This article is part of a featured topic: Members of the Gregorian mission.)

Recently featured:

The Gandharvas [or Gandharas], the Sindhus, and the Sauviras fight best with their nails and lances. They are brave and endowed with great strength. Their armies are capable of vanquishing all forces. The Usinaras possess great strength and are skilled in all kinds of weapons. The Easterners are skilled in fighting from the backs of war elephants and are proficient with alternate fighting methods. The Yavanas, the Kamvojas, and those that dwell around Mathura are well skilled in fighting with bare arms. The Southerners are skilled in fighting sword in hand. (12:101)^[5]

Territorial evolution of the Mauryan Empire
The approximate extent of the Magadha state in the 5th century BCE. The Maurya Empire when it was first founded by Chandragupta Maurya c. 320 BCE, after conquering the Nanda Empire when he was only about 20 years old. Chandragupta extended the borders of the Maurya Empire towards Seleucid Persia after defeating Seleucus c. 305 BCE.^[6] Bindusara extended the borders of the empire southward into the Deccan Plateau c. 300 BCE.^[7] Ashoka extended into Kalinga during the Kalinga War c. 265 BCE, and established superiority over the southern kingdoms.

Maurya structures and decorations (3rd century BCE)
Approximate reconstitution of the Great Stupa under the Mauryas.	Remains of the Ashokan Pillar in polished stone, to the right of the Southern Gateway. Remains of the shaft of the pillar of Ashoka, under a shed near the Southern Gateway. Part of an Edict of Ashoka (partly burried),^[8] and later Gupta inscription (top), on a portion of the pillar. Another Mauryan pillar capital fragment, Stupa 1.^[9] The capital with its Dharmachakra wheel (reconstitution).

8–12

𒈨𒁲 𒈗𒆧𒆠𒆤 𒅗 𒀭𒅗𒁲𒈾𒋫 𒂠 𒃷 𒁉𒊏 𒆠𒁀 𒈾 𒉈𒆕
me-silim lugal kiš^ki-ke₄ inim ^dištaran-na-ta eš₂ gana₂ be₂-ra ki-ba na bi₂-ru₂

"Mesilim, king of Kiš, at the command of Ištaran, measured the field and set up a stele there."

Extract from the Cone of Enmetena, Room 236 Reference AO 3004, Louvre Museum.^[10]^[11]

Evolution and chronology of the Chaitya Caves of Western India^[12]
Kondivite Cave 9 with stupa. (1st c. BCE). Ajanta Cave 10 (1st c. BCE) Pitalkhora Cave 3 Kondana Cave 1 Ajanta Cave 9 (1st century CE) Nasik cave 18 Bedse Cave 7 Karla Cave 8 (circa 120 CE) Kanheri Cave 3 (circa 170 CE). Ajanta Cave 19 (5th century CE). Ajanta Cave 26 (5th century CE).

You do not really understand something unless you can explain it to your grandmother.
— Albert Einstein (more Einstein quotes)

Religion, a medieval form of unreason, when combined with modern weaponry becomes a real threat to our freedoms.
— Salman Rushdie

References

^ Coatsworth, John; Cole, Juan; Hanagan, Michael P.; Perdue, Peter C.; Tilly, Charles; Tilly, Louise (16 March 2015). Global Connections: Volume 1, To 1500: Politics, Exchange, and Social Life in World History. Cambridge University Press. p. 138. ISBN 978-1-316-29777-3.
^ Atlas of World History. Oxford University Press. 2002. p. 51. ISBN 978-0-19-521921-0.
^ Fauve, Jeroen (2021). The European Handbook of Central Asian Studies. p. 403. ISBN 978-3-8382-1518-1.
^ Hans Bakker 24th Gonda lecture
^ "The Mahabharata, Book 12: Santi Parva: Rajadharmanusasana Parva: Section 101". Internet Sacred Text Archive. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
^ Majumdar 2003, p. 105.
^ Mookerji 1988, p. 39.
^ Asoka, Mookerji Radhakumud, Motilal Banarsidass Publishe, 1962 p.204
^ British Library Online
^ "Cone of Enmetena, king of Lagash". 2020.
^ "CDLI-Found Texts". cdli.ucla.edu. Retrieved 2018-03-12.
^ Le, Huu Phuoc (2010). Buddhist Architecture. Grafikol. p. 108. ISBN 9780984404308.

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[1] Coatsworth, John; Cole, Juan; Hanagan, Michael P.; Perdue, Peter C.; Tilly, Charles; Tilly, Louise (16 March 2015). Global Connections: Volume 1, To 1500: Politics, Exchange, and Social Life in World History. Cambridge University Press. p. 138. ISBN 978-1-316-29777-3.

[2] Atlas of World History. Oxford University Press. 2002. p. 51. ISBN 978-0-19-521921-0.

[3] Fauve, Jeroen (2021). The European Handbook of Central Asian Studies. p. 403. ISBN 978-3-8382-1518-1.

[4] Hans Bakker 24th Gonda lecture

[5] "The Mahabharata, Book 12: Santi Parva: Rajadharmanusasana Parva: Section 101". Internet Sacred Text Archive. Retrieved 13 September 2015.

[FOOTNOTEMajumdar2003105-6] Majumdar 2003, p. 105.

[FOOTNOTEMookerji198839-7] Mookerji 1988, p. 39.

[8] Asoka, Mookerji Radhakumud, Motilal Banarsidass Publishe, 1962 p.204

[BLO-9] British Library Online

[10] "Cone of Enmetena, king of Lagash". 2020.

[11] "CDLI-Found Texts". cdli.ucla.edu. Retrieved 2018-03-12.

[Le_108-12] Le, Huu Phuoc (2010). Buddhist Architecture. Grafikol. p. 108. ISBN 9780984404308.

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