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Typhoon Man-yi (2024)

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This article is about the typhoon in 2024. For other storms of the same name, see List of storms named Man-yi and List of storms named Pepito.
Typhoon Man-yi (Pepito)
Typhoon Man-yi nearing landfall at peak intensity on November 16
Meteorological history
FormedNovember 9, 2024
Violent typhoon
10-minute sustained (JMA)
Highest winds195 km/h (120 mph)
Lowest pressure920 hPa (mbar); 27.17 inHg
Category 5-equivalent super typhoon
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC)
Highest winds260 km/h (160 mph)
Lowest pressure923 hPa (mbar); 27.26 inHg
Overall effects
InjuriesNone
DamageNone
Areas affectedPhilippines
Part of the 2024 Pacific typhoon season

Typhoon Man-yi, known in the Philippines as Super Typhoon Pepito, is an extremely powerful and active tropical cyclone that is about to make landfall in Catanduanes. Barring any forecast deviations, Man-yi is set to become the sixth consecutive tropical system to cross the country within a month, following Tropical Storm Trami and Typhoons Kong-rey, Yinxing, Toraji and Usagi. Additionally, it was the first time since records began in 1951 that four named storms had existed simultaneously in November.[1]

The twenty-fourth named storm, the third violent typhoon of the season, and the second Category 5 storm of the annual typhoon season. Man-yi originated from an area of convection 220 km (140 mi) east of Kwajalein Atoll on November 8. Satellite imagery showed a more organized low-level circulation center and persistent deep convection on the southwestern periphery. As the system moved northwestward, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) upgraded it to a tropical storm, naming it Man-yi, as the system passed Guam on November 13. Later, on November 15, the JMA upgraded it to a minimal typhoon, with the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) following shortly thereafter. Early the next day, the JMA reported that the storm reached its peak intensity with ten-minute sustained winds of 195 km/h (120 mph) and a central pressure of 920 hPa (27.17 inHg). It subsequently peaked as a Category 5-equivalent super typhoon on the Saffir-Simpson scale, with one-minute sustained winds of 260 km/h (160 mph).

A tropical storm watch was issued for the Mariana Islands, prompting Guam to declare a state of emergency in preparation for the storm's arrival, while a flood watch was also issued for parts of Guam and the Northern Marianas. PAGASA issued Tropical Cyclone Wind Signals for several areas, while PHIVOLCS issued warnings about potential lahar flows from Taal, Pinatubo, and Mayon volcanoes. Mandatory evacuations were ordered in vulnerable areas of Camarines Sur and Quezon. Panic-buying occurred in Tacloban, Ligao and Nabua, and in Virac, Catanduanes, long lines formed outside a hardware store distributing free plywood and other materials to reinforce against strong winds.

Meteorological history

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Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

Typhoon Man-yi emerged from an area of convection 220 km (140 mi) east of Kwajalein Atoll, with satellite imagery showing a more organized low-level circulation center and a persistent area of deep convection on the southwestern periphery on November 8.[2] By 09:00 UTC, the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) issued a tropical cyclone formation alert for the disturbance, noting a favorable environment for development due to low to moderate vertical wind shear, good divergence aloft, and warm sea surface temperatures of 29–30 °C (84–86 °F).[3] The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) designated the disturbance as a low-pressure area on the same day,[4] and the next day, it was upgraded to a tropical depression.[5] Later that same day, the JTWC assigned the system the designation 25W, noting that it was a consolidating system with formative bands wrapping in from the north and a deepening cold central core that was obscuring the low-level circulation.[6]

Four simultaneously active tropical cyclones on November 11. From left to right: Yinxing, Toraji, Usagi and Man-yi, the first occurrence since 1951.

As the system moved northwestward along the southern edge of a mid-level subtropical high, the JMA upgraded the system to a tropical storm named Man-yi at 06:00 UTC on the same day,[7] with satellite imagery revealing a very compact system and the low-level circulation center partially exposed on the northwestern edge of a small central dense overcast.[8] Man-yi wrapped around the northern and eastern quadrants of the circulation center, growing more intense as the vertical structure continued to align.[9] The system became disorganized, with convection displaced to the southeast, but it eventually consolidated,[10] as evidenced by cooling cloud tops in the central cold cover and a tightening wrap of the feeder band around the obscured circulation center,[11] as the system passed Guam on November 13.[12] Early the next day, the JMA upgraded it to a severe tropical storm, citing Dvorak technique—a method of determining a tropical cyclone's intensity based on satellite appearance.[13] It later moved into the Philippine Area of Responsibility, where PAGASA named it Pepito.[14] The storm displayed cooling cloud tops in its central cold region, with rain bands becoming more defined and tightening around the formation of a developing eye.[15] Later the same day, the JMA upgraded the storm to a minimal typhoon, and the JTWC followed suit,[16] with satellite imagery revealing a symmetric eyewall surrounding an oblong eye and spiral banding extending over the eastern semicircle.[17][18] Early the next day, the JTWC upgraded the system to super typhoon status, with estimated 1-minute maximum sustained winds of 260 km/h (160 mph), making it a Category 5-equivalent super typhoon.[19] Meanwhile, the JMA upgraded Man-yi to a violent typhoon, estimating its peak intensity with a minimum central pressure of 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) and 10-minute maximum sustained winds of 195 km/h (120 mph).[20]

Preparations

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Mariana Islands

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A tropical storm watch was in effect for the Mariana Islands on November 12,[21] with the Condition of Readiness at level 3 (COR 3), as Man-yi was located approximately 330 mi (530 km) east of Guam.[22] The Guam Department of Education canceled classes, and government agencies began preparing for the storm as Man-yi approached.[23] A state of emergency was declared as Guam prepared for the arrival of the storm.[24] A flood watch was issued for parts of Guam and the Northern Marianas.[25]

Philippines

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Beginning November 14, PAGASA issued Tropical Cyclone Wind Signal No. 1 for Catanduanes and Northern Samar as well as parts of Camarines Sur, Albay, Sorsogon, Samar and Eastern Samar.[14] The next day, Signal No. 2 was raised in Catanduanes and parts of Camarines Sur, Albay, Sorsogon, Samar, Northern Samar and Eastern Samar, while Signal No. 1 was extended to the entirety of Apayao, Batangas, Biliran, Cagayan, Romblon, as well as parts of Cebu (including Bantayan Islands), Iloilo, Occidental Mindoro (including Lubang Islands), Oriental Mindoro and remaining portions of Eastern Samar, Masbate, Northern Samar, Samar, and parts of Leyte, Southern Leyte and Dinagat Islands. On November 16, Signal No. 3 was issued over the whole province of and some portions of Albay, Sorsogon, Northern Samar, and Eastern Samar, indicating winds of up to 89 to 117 km/h in 18 hours.[26]

At 11:00 PHT, PAGASA further raised Signal No. 4 for some portions of Albay and Camarines Norte, and other parts of Camarines Sur. While Signal No. 3 were added for Aurora, Polillo Islands, eastern portions of and Camarines Norte, some parts of Laguna, Quezon, Northern Samar and Sorsogon, northern portion of Eastern Samar, eastern portion of Rizal, and the remainder portions of Albay and Camarines Sur. Moreover, Signal No. 2 were granted over the entirety of Abra, Bataan, Benguet, Bulacan, Burias Island, Cavite, Ifugao, Isabela, Kalinga, La Union, Marinduque, Metro Manila, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Quirino, Tarlac, Ticao Island, Zambales, central portion of Eastern Samar, northern portion of Samar, and the remaining portions of Northern Samar, Quezon, Rizal, and Sorsogon.[27] For the third time in this season, the agency issued Signal No. 5 for the whole province of Catanduanes and some portion of Camarines Sur, stated that winds of up to 185 km/h or higher were expected in 12 hours.[28] PAGASA also warned of storm surges affecting Cagayan Valley, Central Luzon, Calabarzon, Mimaropa, the Bicol Region and Eastern Visayas,[29] while PHIVOLCS warned of possible lahar flows from Mounts Taal, Pinatubo, and Mayon.[30]

The Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board ordered the suspension of overland commercial passenger and cargo traffic passing through the port of Matnog, which connects Luzon with Visayas and Mindanao. It also advised against non-essential travel to Bicol.[31] Mandatory evacuations were ordered in vulnerable areas of Camarines Sur[32] and Quezon,[33] while at least 1,010 people were evacuated in Eastern Samar.[34] Hundreds were also evacuated in Catanduanes.[35] At least 18 flights were cancelled[36] along with several ferries.[37] The Magat Dam continued to release water as a precaution.[38] The second day of the Grand Biniverse concert by Bini, which was scheduled on November 17 at the Araneta Coliseum in Quezon City, was instead moved to November 19.[39] Panic-buying occurred in Tacloban,[40] Ligao and Nabua,[41] while in Virac, Catanduanes, queues formed around a hardware store giving out free plywood and other materials to barricade against strong winds.[42] A code white alert was raised by the Department of Health.[43]

Impact

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Philippines

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The Office of Civil Defense reported that several areas in the Bicol Region were experiencing storm surges as Man-yi approached.[44]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Shackelford, Robert (2024-11-12). "Four storms churning the West Pacific at the same time mean more bad news for the Philippines". CNN. Retrieved 2024-11-12.
  2. ^ Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans, 01Z 8 November 2024 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 8 November 2024. Archived from the original on November 8, 2024. Retrieved 8 November 2024.
  3. ^ Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (Invest 93W) (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 8 November 2024. Archived from the original on November 9, 2024. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  4. ^ Warning and Summary 081800 (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. November 8, 2024. Archived from the original on November 9, 2024. Retrieved November 8, 2024.
  5. ^ Tropical Cyclone Advisory for tropical depression (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. November 9, 2024. Archived from the original on November 9, 2024. Retrieved November 9, 2024.
  6. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 25W (Twenty-Five) Warning No. 1 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 9 November 2024. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
  7. ^ Prognostic Reasoning No. 2 for TS Man-yi (2424) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. November 9, 2024. Archived from the original on November 9, 2024. Retrieved November 9, 2024.
  8. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 25W (Man-yi) Warning No. 3 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 9 November 2024. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
  9. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 25W (Man-yi) Warning No. 10 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 11 November 2024. Retrieved 11 November 2024.
  10. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 25W (Man-yi) Warning No. 20 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 13 November 2024. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
  11. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 25W (Man-yi) Warning No. 19 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 13 November 2024. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
  12. ^ Post, John O'Connor | The Guam Daily (2024-11-13). "Tropical storm spares Guam". The Guam Daily Post. Retrieved 2024-11-16.
  13. ^ Prognostic Reasoning No. 22 for STS Man-yi (2424) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. November 14, 2024. Archived from the original on November 14, 2024. Retrieved November 14, 2024.
  14. ^ a b "Tropical Cyclone Bulletin #1 for Severe Tropical Storm 'Pepito' (Man-yi)" (PDF). PAGASA. 14 November 2024. Retrieved 14 November 2024.
  15. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 25W (Man-yi) Warning No. 24 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 14 November 2024. Retrieved 14 November 2024.
  16. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 25W (Man-yi) Warning No. 25 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 15 November 2024. Retrieved 15 November 2024.
  17. ^ Tropical Cyclone Advisory for TY Man-yi (2425) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. November 15, 2024. Archived from the original on November 15, 2024. Retrieved November 15, 2024.
  18. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 25W (Man-yi) Warning No. 27 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 15 November 2024. Retrieved 15 November 2024.
  19. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 25W (Man-yi) Warning No. 30 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 16 November 2024. Retrieved 16 November 2024.
  20. ^ Tropical Cyclone Advisory for TY Man-yi (2425) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. November 16, 2024. Archived from the original on November 16, 2024. Retrieved November 16, 2024.
  21. ^ "Marianas under tropical storm watch". Saipan Tribune. 2024-11-12. Retrieved 2024-11-16.
  22. ^ "Guam now in COR 3 as Tropical Storm Man-yi approaches, residents asked to prepare". guampdn.com. 2024-11-12. Retrieved 2024-11-16.
  23. ^ "Worst conditions from Man-yi may come midday Wednesday". The Guam Daily Post. 2024-11-12. Retrieved 2024-11-16.
  24. ^ "State of emergency declared due to Tropical Storm Man-yi". www.kuam.com. Retrieved 2024-11-16.
  25. ^ "Tropical Storm Man-yi to pass very close to Guam, multiple flights delayed or canceled". www.kuam.com. Retrieved 2024-11-16.
  26. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Bulletin #5 for Typhoon 'Pepito' (Man-yi)" (PDF). PAGASA. 15 November 2024. Retrieved 15 November 2024.
  27. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Bulletin #9 for Super Typhoon 'Pepito' (Man-yi)" (PDF). PAGASA. 16 November 2024. Retrieved 16 November 2024.
  28. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Bulletin #10 for Super Typhoon 'Pepito' (Man-yi)" (PDF). PAGASA. 16 November 2024. Retrieved 16 November 2024.
  29. ^ "Storm surge warning up in areas on Typhoon Pepito's path". ABS-CBN. 2024-11-15.
  30. ^ "Pepito may trigger lahar from Taal, Pinatubo, Mayon – Phivolcs". Philippine Daily Inquirer. 2024-11-15.
  31. ^ "Travel via Matnog Port suspended ahead of storm Pepito". ABS-CBN. 2024-11-15.
  32. ^ "Evacuations, travel suspension as PH braces for Pepito". ABS-CBN. 2024-11-15.
  33. ^ "Quezon residents told to evacuate, prepare for Pepito". GMA News. 2024-11-15.
  34. ^ "Evacuation isinagawa sa Can-avid, Eastern Samar dahil sa bagyong Pepito". ABS-CBN (in Filipino). 2024-11-15.
  35. ^ "Typhoon Man-yi bears down on Philippines still reeling from Usagi". France 24. 2024-11-15.
  36. ^ "18 local flights canceled in NAIA due to Typhoon Pepito". ABS-CBN. 2024-11-15.
  37. ^ "LIST: Canceled sea trips due to Typhoon Pepito". ABS-CBN. 2024-11-15.
  38. ^ "NIA-MARIIS pinaalalahanan ang publiko sa fake news video sa water releasing sa Magat Dam". Bombo Radyo (in Filipino). 2024-11-15.
  39. ^ "Nov. 17 'Grand BINIverse' concert to be moved due to 'Pepito'". ABS-CBN. 2024-11-15.
  40. ^ "Mga Taclobanon, namili ng suplay bago maramdaman ang bagyong Pepito". ABS-CBN (in Filipino). 2024-11-15.
  41. ^ "Dahil sa bagyo: Paninda sa Albay at Camarines Sur, nagkaubusan". ABS-CBN (in Filipino). 2024-11-15.
  42. ^ "Hardware store na namimigay ng plywood, sealant, pinilahan sa Catanduanes". GMA News (in Filipino). 2024-11-15.
  43. ^ "Hospitals on code white alert for Typhoon Pepito —DOH". GMA News. 2024-11-15.
  44. ^ "Storm surge affecting coastal areas in Region 5". GMA News Online. 2024-11-16. Retrieved 2024-11-16.
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