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Following are all the selected anniversaries included in the United States Portal:

January

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United States January anniversaries

January • February • March • April • May • June • July • August • September • October • November • December

These are the selected anniversaries for January that appear on the United States portal.

The "edit" links edit the portal subpages that are displayed as sections here.
The layout design for these subpages is at Portal:United States/Anniversaries/Layout.

See also

Yearly "...in the United States" articles, such as 2024 in the United States.
United States history categories (Select [+] to view subcategories)

History of the United States

January 1

Portal:United States/Anniversaries/January/January 1

Today is New Year's Day.

1863 – The Emancipation Proclamation takes effect in Confederate territory.
1892 – Ellis Island opens to begin processing immigrants into the United States.
1898 – New York City annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York. The four initial boroughs, Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, and The Bronx, are joined on January 25 by Staten Island to create the modern city of five boroughs.
1934 – Alcatraz Island (pictured) becomes a United States federal prison.
1983 – The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) officially changes to using the Internet Protocol, creating the Internet.

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January 2

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1788 – Georgia becomes the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution
1791 – In what becomes known as the Big Bottom massacre, Delaware and Wyandot Indians attack a new settlement at the edge of the Muskingum River in the Ohio Country, marking the beginning of the Northwest Indian War.
1901 – Bob Marshall (pictured), author, government official, and one of the founders of The Wilderness Society, is born. Today he is considered largely responsible for the wilderness preservation movement in America.
1920 – The second Palmer Raid takes place, with 6,000 suspected communists and anarchists arrested and held without trial across several U.S. cities.
1942 – The Federal Bureau of Investigation convicts 33 members of a German spy ring headed by Fritz Joubert Duquesne in the largest espionage case in United States history.
1949 – Luis Muñoz Marín becomes the first democratically elected governor of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. All previous holders of the office were appointed, first by the King of Spain, then by the President of the United States.

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January 3

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1823 – Stephen F. Austin receives a grant of land in Texas from the government of Mexico.
1870 – The construction of the Brooklyn Bridge begins.
1888 – The James Lick telescope (pictured), a refracting telescope at the Lick Observatory in San Jose, California, is used for the first time. It was the largest refracting telescope in the world at the time.
1938 – The March of Dimes is established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
1957 – The Hamilton Watch Company introduces the first electric watch.
1959 – Alaska is admitted as the 49th U.S. State.

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January 4

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1777 – American general George Washington defeats British general Charles Cornwallis at the Battle of Princeton.
1865 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters, at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street in New York City.
1896 – Utah is admitted as the 45th U.S. state.
1903 – Topsy, an elephant, is electrocuted by the owners of Luna Park in Coney Island, New York City.
1965 – President Lyndon B. Johnson delivers a State of the Union address in which he outlines his "Great Society", a platform centered around the elimination of racial injustice and poverty.
2004 – Spirit (pictured), one of a pair of Mars Exploration Rovers sent to survey the geology of Mars, makes a successful landing. Its twin, Opportunity rover would land on the opposite side of the planet three weeks later.

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January 5

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1911 – Kappa Alpha Psi, the world's second oldest and largest black fraternity, is founded at Indiana University.
1914 – The Ford Motor Company announces an eight-hour workday and a minimum wage of $5 per day, double what it was previously paying.
1925 – Nellie Tayloe Ross (pictured) of Wyoming becomes the first female governor in the United States.
1933 – Construction of the Golden Gate Bridge begins in San Francisco Bay.
1957 – In a speech given to Congress, President Dwight D. Eisenhower announces the establishment of what will later be called the Eisenhower Doctrine.
2005 – Eris, the largest known dwarf planet in the Solar System, is discovered by the team of Michael E. Brown, Chad Trujillo, and David L. Rabinowitz using images originally taken on October 21, 2003 at the Palomar Observatory in California.

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January 6

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1838 – Samuel Morse successfully tests the electrical telegraph for the first time, at the Speedwell Ironworks near Morristown, New Jersey.
1893 – The Washington National Cathedral (pictured) is chartered by Congress. Construction would not begin until 1907, and would not end until 1990.
1910 – The Great White Fleet, a fleet of United States Navy battleships that completed a circumnavigation of the globe between 1907 and 1909, passes through the Suez Canal. It is the largest group of ships to pass through the canal up to that time.
1912 – New Mexico is admitted as the 47th U.S. state.
1941 – President Franklin Delano Roosevelt delivers his Four Freedoms Speech during the State of the Union Address.
1974 – In response to the 1973 energy crisis, daylight saving time commences nearly four months early in the United States.

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January 7

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1800 – Millard Fillmore (pictured), 13th President of the United States and the last member of the Whig Party to hold the office, is born.
1927 – The first transatlantic telephone service is established from New York City to London.
1952 – President Harry Truman announces that the United States has successfully detonated its first hydrogen bomb.
1954 – The Georgetown–IBM experiment, the first public demonstration of a machine translation system, is held in New York at the head office of IBM.
1968 – Surveyor 7, the last spacecraft in the Surveyor series, lifts off from Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 36A on its mission to explore the surface of the Moon.
1999 – The Senate trial in the impeachment of President Bill Clinton begins. He would later be acquitted of all charges.

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January 8

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1790 – George Washington delivers the first State of the Union Address in New York City.
1877 – Crazy Horse and his warriors fight their last battle against the United States Cavalry at Wolf Mountain, Montana Territory.
1918 – President Woodrow Wilson announces his "Fourteen Points" for the aftermath of World War I.
1935 – Elvis Presley (pictured), cultural icon and one of the most popular singers of the 20th century, was born.
1964 – President Lyndon B. Johnson declares a "War on Poverty" in the United States.
2011 – An attempted assassination of Arizona congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords and subsequent shooting in Casas Adobes, Arizona at a Safeway grocery store kills 6 people and wounds 13, including Giffords.

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January 9

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1788 – Connecticut becomes the fifth state to be admitted to the United States.
1863 – The Battle of Fort Hindman, part of the Vicksburg Campaign of the Civil War begins in Arkansas.
1894 – New England Telephone and Telegraph installs the first battery-operated telephone switchboard in Lexington, Massachusetts.
1913 – Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States, is born.
1945 – The United States invades Luzon (pictured) in the Philippines as part of the Pacific Theater of Operations of World War II.
1991 – Representatives from the United States and Iraq meet at the Geneva Peace Conference to try to find a peaceful resolution to the Iraqi invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

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January 10

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1901 – The first great Texas oil gusher is discovered at Spindletop (pictured) in Beaumont, Texas.
1920 – The Treaty of Versailles takes effect, officially ending World War I. The United States entered the war in 1917.
1946 – The United States Army Signal Corps successfully conducts Project Diana, bouncing radio waves off the moon and receiving the reflected signals.
1962 – NASA announces plans to build the C-5 rocket. Better known as the Saturn V, the rocket would serve as the launch vehicle for every Apollo Project mission, including those that landed on the Moon.
1990 – Time Warner is formed from the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications Inc.
2003 – Illinois Governor George Ryan commutes the death sentences of 167 prisoners on Illinois' death row after it is discovered that Chicago Police Department detective Jon Burge elicited several confessions through the use of torture. The move effectively ends the use of the death penalty in the state.

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January 11

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1755 or 1757 – Alexander Hamilton (pictured), Founding Father, economist, and political philosopher, main author of the Federalist Papers, and the first United States Secretary of the Treasury, is born.
1907 – Abraham Joshua Heschel, Warsaw-born American rabbi and one of the leading Jewish theologians and Jewish philosophers of the 20th century, is born.
1927 – Louis B. Mayer, head of film studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), announced the creation of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences at a banquet in Los Angeles, California.
1935 – Amelia Earhart becomes the first person to fly solo from Hawaii to California.
1964 – United States Surgeon General Dr. Luther Leonidas Terry, M.D., publishes a landmark report saying that smoking may be hazardous to health, sparking nation- and worldwide anti-smoking efforts.

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January 12

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1737 – John Hancock, Founding Father, 4th & 13th President of the Continental Congress, and 1st & 3rd Governor of Massachusetts, is born.
1921 – Acting to restore confidence in baseball after the Black Sox Scandal, Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis is elected as Major League Baseball's first commissioner.
1942 – As part of the mobilization for World War II, President Franklin Roosevelt reestablishes the National War Labor Board, an arbitration tribunal chartered with solving labor disputes in order to prevent work stoppages in areas critical to the war effort.
1986 – Congressman Bill Nelson (pictured) lifts off from Kennedy Space Center aboard the Space Shuttle Columbia on mission STS-61C as a Mission Specialist, becoming the second sitting Congressperson and the first sitting member of the House of Representatives to do so.
1991 – An act of Congress authorizes the use of military force to drive the military of Iraq out of Kuwait. The intervention would become known as the Gulf War.

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January 13

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January 14

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January 15

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January 16

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January 17

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1706 – Benjamin Franklin (pictured), who would become a leading author and printer, political theorist, politician, postmaster, scientist, inventor, satirist, civic activist, statesman, diplomat, and Founding Father of the United States, is born.
1899 – The United States takes possession of Wake Island in the Pacific Ocean.
1903 – El Yunque National Forest in Puerto Rico becomes part of the United States National Forest System as the Luquillo Forest Reserve.
1917 – The United States pays Denmark $25 million for the Virgin Islands.
1961 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower delivers a televised farewell address to the nation three days before leaving office, in which he warns against the accumulation of power by the "military–industrial complex".
1899 – Infamous American gangster Al Capone is born.

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January 18

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1933 – Ray Dolby, inventor of the Dolby noise-reduction system, co-inventor of video tape recording, and founder of Dolby Laboratories, is born.
1911 – Eugene B. Ely lands a fixed-wing aircraft on the deck of the USS Pennsylvania using a tailhook apparatus, the first successful landing of an aircraft on a ship (pictured).
1944 – The Metropolitan Opera House in New York City hosts a jazz concert for the first time. The performers are Louis Armstrong, Benny Goodman, Lionel Hampton, Artie Shaw, Roy Eldridge and Jack Teagarden.
1978 – The roof structure of the Hartford Civic Center (now known as the XL Center) in Hartford, Connecticut collapses after a significant snowfall.
1983 – Thirty years after his death, the International Olympic Committee restores Jim Thorpe's Olympic medals to his family. Thorpe won two gold medals in the 1912 Summer Olympics for the Pentathlon and Decathlon, which were controversially stripped of him in 1913.

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January 19

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1809 – Edgar Allan Poe, a poet and author best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre, is born. Poe was one of the earliest American practitioners of the short story and is considered the inventor of the detective fiction genre.
1862 – The Battle of Mill Springs concludes, handing the Confederacy their first significant defeat in the American Civil War.
1883 – The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires, built by Thomas Edison, begins service at Roselle, New Jersey.
1920 – The United States Senate votes against joining the League of Nations.
1977 – Snow falls in Miami, Florida. This is the only time in the history of the city that snow has fallen.
1981 – United States and Iranian officials sign an agreement to release 52 American hostages after 14 months of captivity, ending the Iran Hostage Crisis.

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January 20

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January 21

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January 22

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January 23

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January 24

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January 25

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January 26

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January 27

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1776 – American Revolutionary War: Henry Knox's "noble train of artillery" arrives in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
1785 – The University of Georgia is founded, the first public university in the United States.
1825 – The U.S. Congress approves Indian Territory (in what is present-day Oklahoma), clearing the way for forced relocation of the Eastern Indians on the "Trail of Tears".
1951 – Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site begins with a one-kiloton bomb dropped on Frenchman Flat.
1967 – Astronauts Gus Grissom, Edward White and Roger Chaffee are killed in a fire during a test of their Apollo 1 spacecraft at the Kennedy Space Center, Florida.
2003 – The first selections for the National Recording Registry are announced by the Library of Congress.

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January 28

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1878 – Yale Daily News becomes the first daily college newspaper in the United States.
1909 – United States troops leave Cuba with the exception of Guantanamo Bay Naval Base after being there since the Spanish–American War.
1915 – An act of the U.S. Congress creates the United States Coast Guard.
1964 – An unarmed USAF T-39 Sabreliner on a training mission is shot down over Erfurt, East Germany, by a Soviet MiG-19.
1982 – US Army general James L. Dozier is rescued by Italian anti-terrorism forces from captivity by the Red Brigades.
1986 – Space Shuttle program: STS-51-L mission – Space Shuttle Challenger breaks apart after liftoff killing all seven astronauts on board.

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January 29

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January 30

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1806 – The original Lower Trenton Bridge (also called the Trenton Makes the World Takes Bridge), which spans the Delaware River between Morrisville, Pennsylvania and Trenton, New Jersey, is opened.
1835 – In the first assassination attempt against a President of the United States, Richard Lawrence attempts to shoot president Andrew Jackson, but fails and is subdued by a crowd, including several congressmen as well as Jackson himself.
1847 – Yerba Buena, California is renamed San Francisco, California.
1862 – The first American ironclad warship, the USS Monitor is launched.
1911 – The destroyer USS Terry makes the first airplane rescue at sea saving the life of Douglas McCurdy ten miles from Havana, Cuba.
1989 – The American embassy in Kabul, Afghanistan is closed.

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January 31

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February

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United States February anniversaries

January • February • March • April • May • June • July • August • September • October • November • December

These are the selected anniversaries for February that appear on the United States portal.

The "edit" links edit the portal subpages that are displayed as sections here.
The layout design for these subpages is at Portal:United States/Anniversaries/Layout.

See also

Yearly "...in the United States" articles, such as 2024 in the United States.
United States history categories (Select [+] to view subcategories)

History of the United States

February 1

Portal:United States/Anniversaries/February/February 1

George W. Bush on the Columbia disaster

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1790 – In New York City, the Supreme Court of the United States convenes for the first time.
1861 – Texas secedes from the United States as part of the American Civil War.
1865 – President Abraham Lincoln signs the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which officially abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime.
1893 – Thomas A. Edison finishes construction of the first motion picture studio, the Black Maria in West Orange, New Jersey.
1942 – Voice of America, the official external radio and television service of the United States federal government, begins broadcasting with programs aimed at areas controlled by the Axis powers.
2003 – Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrates during reentry into the Earth's atmosphere, killing all seven astronauts aboard.

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February 2

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Cover of the exchange copy of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.

Today is Groundhog Day in the United States and Canada.

1653 – New Amsterdam (later renamed The City of New York) is incorporated.
1848 – The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (pictured) is signed. Its ratification by the Senate a month later would end the Mexican–American War.
1848 – The first ship with Chinese immigrants, lured to the United States by the California Gold Rush, arrives in San Francisco.
1861 – Solomon R. Guggenheim, American art collector and philanthropist, is born.
1980 – Reports surface that the FBI was targeting allegedly corrupt Congressmen in the Abscam operation.

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February 3

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1783 – Spain recognizes United States independence from Britain as part of the American Revolutionary War.
1809 – The Illinois Territory (pictured) is created.
1870 – The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing voting rights to citizens regardless of race.
1913 – The Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, authorizing the Federal government to impose and collect an income tax.
1917 – The United States breaks off diplomatic relations with Germany a day after the latter announced a new policy of unrestricted submarine warfare during World War I.
1959 – In what would be termed The Day the Music Died, three American rock and roll musicians, Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and J. P. "The Big Bopper" Richardson, were killed in a plane crash.

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February 4

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1789 – George Washington is unanimously elected as the first President of the United States by the U.S. Electoral College.
1801 – John Marshall (pictured) is sworn in as the 4th Chief Justice of the United States.
1825 – The Ohio Legislature authorizes the construction of the Ohio and Erie Canal and the Miami and Erie Canal.
1846 – The first Mormon pioneers make their exodus from Nauvoo, Illinois, westward towards Utah Territory.
1861 – In Montgomery, Alabama, delegates from six break-away U.S. states meet and form the Confederate States of America.
1899 – The Philippine–American War begins.

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February 5

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1778 – South Carolina becomes the first state to ratify the Articles of Confederation.
1900 – The United States and the United Kingdom sign a treaty for the Panama Canal
1917 – The Congress of the United States passes the Immigration Act of 1917 over President Woodrow Wilson's veto. Also known as the Asiatic Barred Zone Act, it forbade immigration from nearly all of south and southeast Asia.
1918 – Stephen W. Thompson shoots down a German airplane. It is the first aerial victory by the U.S. military.
1958 – A hydrogen bomb known as the Tybee Bomb is lost by the US Air Force off the coast of Savannah, Georgia, never to be recovered.
1971 – Astronauts land on the moon in the Apollo 14 (insignia pictured) mission.

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February 6

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1778 – The Treaty of Alliance and the Treaty of Amity and Commerce are signed by the United States and France in Paris. The two treaties served as official recognition of the new republic by France, and became a key turning point in the American Revolutionary War.
1788 – Massachusetts becomes the sixth state to ratify the United States Constitution.
1899 – The Treaty of Paris, a peace treaty between the United States and Spain, is ratified by the United States Senate, ending the Spanish–American War (signing ceremony pictured).
1933 – The 20th Amendment to the United States Constitution, establishing the beginning and ending of the terms of the elected federal offices, goes into effect.

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February 7

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1894 – The Cripple Creek miner's strike, led by the Western Federation of Miners, begins in Cripple Creek, Colorado.
1904 – A fire in Baltimore, Maryland destroys over 1,500 buildings in 30 hours.
1940 – The second full length animated Walt Disney film, Pinocchio, premieres.
1962 – The United States bans all Cuban imports and exports.
1984 – During the Space Shuttle program mission STS-41-B, Astronauts Bruce McCandless II and Robert L. Stewart make the first untethered space walk using the Manned Maneuvering Unit (pictured).

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February 8

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1693 – The College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia is granted a charter by King William III and Queen Mary II. It is the second-oldest institution of higher education in the United States after Harvard University.
1820 – William Tecumseh Sherman (pictured), the American Union Army general who was later recognized by military historians as "the first modern general", is born.
1837 – Richard Johnson becomes the first Vice President of the United States chosen by the United States Senate.
1910 – The Boy Scouts of America is incorporated by William D. Boyce.
1922 – President Warren G. Harding introduces the first radio in the White House.
1960 – The first eight brass star plaques are installed in the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

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February 9

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1825 – After no presidential candidate receives a majority of electoral votes in the election of 1824, the United States House of Representatives elects John Quincy Adams President of the United States.
1870 – The U.S. Weather Bureau is established.
1889 – The United States Department of Agriculture (seal pictured) is established as a Cabinet-level agency.
1942 – Top United States military leaders hold their first formal meeting to discuss the American military strategy for World War II.
1950 – Senator Joseph McCarthy, a key actor in the Second Red Scare, accuses the United States Department of State of being filled with Communists.

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February 10

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1763 – The French and Indian War, which was partially fought in the American colonies, ends with the signing of the Treaty of Paris.
1933 – The New York City-based Postal Telegraph Company introduces the first singing telegram.
1954 – President Dwight Eisenhower warns against United States intervention in Vietnam.
1962 – Captured American U2 spy-plane pilot Gary Powers is exchanged for captured Soviet spy Rudolf Abel.
1967 – The 25th Amendment to the United States Constitution (first page pictured) is ratified.
1996 – The IBM supercomputer Deep Blue defeats Garry Kasparov for the first time.

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February 11

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1752 – Pennsylvania Hospital, the first hospital in the United States, is opened by Benjamin Franklin.
1790 – The Religious Society of Friends, also known as Quakers, petitions U.S. Congress for abolition of slavery.
1794 – The first session of the United States Senate open to the public is held.
1942 – The first gold record is presented to Glenn Miller for "Chattanooga Choo Choo".
1943 – General Dwight Eisenhower (pictured) is selected to command the allied armies in Europe as part of World War II.
1997 – Space Shuttle Discovery is launched on a mission to service the Hubble Space Telescope.

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February 12

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1809 – Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States, is born three miles south of Hodgenville, Kentucky.
1914 – In Washington, D.C., the first stone of the Lincoln Memorial (pictured) is put into place.
1946 – African American United States Army veteran Isaac Woodard is severely beaten by a South Carolina police officer to the point where he loses his vision in both eyes. The incident later galvanizes the Civil Rights Movement and partially inspires Orson Welles' film Touch of Evil.
1999 – President Bill Clinton is acquitted by the United States Senate in his impeachment trial.
2004 – The city of San Francisco begins issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples in response to a directive from Mayor Gavin Newsom.

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February 13

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1920 – The Negro National League is formed.
1960 – Black college students stage the first of the Nashville sit-ins (pictured) at three lunch counters in Nashville, Tennessee.
1935 – A jury in Flemington, New Jersey finds Bruno Hauptmann guilty of the 1932 kidnapping and murder of the infant son of Charles Lindbergh.
1954 – Frank Selvy becomes the only NCAA Division I basketball player ever to score 100 points in a single game.
1981 – A series of sewer explosions destroys more than two miles of streets in Louisville, Kentucky.
2000 – The last original "Peanuts" comic strip appears in newspapers one day after Charles M. Schulz dies.

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February 14

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1849 - In New York City, James Knox Polk becomes the first President of the United States to have his photograph taken.
1854 - Texas linked by telegraph with the rest of the United States, with the completion of a connection between New Orleans and Marshall, Texas.
1859 - Oregon (seal pictured) admitted as the 33rd U.S. state.
1876 - Alexander Graham Bell applies for a patent for the telephone, as does Elisha Gray.

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February 15

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1879 – American President Rutherford B. Hayes signs a bill allowing female attorneys to argue cases before the Supreme Court of the United States.
1892 – James Forrestal, American civil servant, 47th United States Secretary of the Navy and 1st United States Secretary of Defense was born.
1898 – Spanish–American War: The USS Maine (pictured) explodes and sinks in Havana harbor in Cuba, killing more than 260. This event leads the United States to declare war on Spain.
1929 – James Schlesinger, American politician, 12th United States Secretary of Defense, 9th Director of Central Intelligence, and 1st Secretary of Energy was born.
1933 – In Miami, Giuseppe Zangara attempts to assassinate President-elect Franklin D. Roosevelt, but instead shoots Chicago mayor Anton J. Cermak, who dies of his wounds on March 6, 1933.

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February 16

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1960 – The U.S. Navy submarine USS Triton (pictured) begins Operation Sandblast, setting sail from New London, Connecticut, to begin the first submerged circumnavigation of the globe.
1961 – The DuSable Museum of African American History is chartered.
2005 – The National Hockey League cancels the entire 2004-2005 regular season and playoffs, becoming the first major sports league in North America to do so over a labor dispute.
2006 – The last Mobile Army Surgical Hospital (MASH) is decommissioned by the United States Army.

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February 17

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1819 – The United States House of Representatives passes the Missouri Compromise (illustration pictured).
1933 – The magazine Newsweek is published for the first time.
1933 – The Blaine Act ends Prohibition in the United States.
1963 – Michael Jordan, considered one of the greatest basketball players of all time, is born.
1965 – The Ranger 8 probe, part of Project Ranger, launches on its mission to photograph the Mare Tranquillitatis region of the Moon in preparation for the manned Apollo missions. Mare Tranquillitatis or the "Sea of Tranquility" would become the site chosen for the Apollo 11 lunar landing.
1992 – A court in Milwaukee, Wisconsin sentences serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer to life in prison.

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February 18

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1841 – The first ongoing filibuster in the United States Senate begins and lasts until March 11.
1856 – The American Party (Know-Nothings) convene in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to nominate their first Presidential candidate, former President Millard Fillmore.
1861 – In Montgomery, Alabama, Jefferson Davis is inaugurated as the provisional President of the Confederate States of America.
1878 – The Lincoln County War begins in Lincoln County, New Mexico.
1885 – Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is published for the first time.
1929 – First Academy Awards are announced.
1930 – While studying photographs taken in January, Clyde Tombaugh discovers Pluto.
2001 – NASCAR legend Ralph Dale Earnhardt is killed in a crash during the last lap of the Daytona 500.

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February 19

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1846 – In Austin, Texas, the newly-formed Texas state government is officially installed. The Republic of Texas government officially transfers power to the State of Texas (seal pictured) government following Texas' annexation by the United States.
1878 – Thomas Edison patents the phonograph.
1881 – Kansas became the first U.S. state to prohibit all alcoholic beverages.
1945 – The Battle of Iwo Jima begins with the landing of about 30,000 United States Marines.
1942 – President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the executive order 9066, allowing the United States military to relocate Japanese-Americans to Japanese internment camps.
1976 – President Gerald R. Ford's Proclamation 4417 rescinds Executive Order 9066.

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February 20

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1792 – The Postal Service Act, establishing the United States Post Office Department, is signed by President George Washington.
1872 – The Metropolitan Museum of Art opens in New York City.
1901 – The legislature of Hawaii Territory convenes for the first time.
1962 – While aboard Friendship 7, part of the Mercury program, John Glenn orbits the Earth three times in 4 hours, 55 minutes, becoming the first American to orbit the Earth.
1992 – Ross Perot (pictured) announces his intention to run in the 1992 U.S. presidential election on CNN's Larry King Live.
2001 – FBI agent Robert Hanssen is arrested and charged with spying for Russia for 15 years.

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February 21

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1885 – The newly completed Washington Monument is dedicated.
1925 – The New Yorker publishes its first issue.
1948 – NASCAR is incorporated.
1953 – Francis Crick and James D. Watson discover the structure of the DNA molecule.
1965 – Malcolm X is assassinated at the Audubon Ballroom in New York City by members of the Nation of Islam.
1972 – President Richard Nixon visits the People's Republic of China to normalize Sino-American relations (pictured).

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February 22

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1732 – George Washington (pictured), who would become one of the founding fathers and the first President of the United States, is born on his family estate in Westmoreland County, Virginia.
1856 – The Republican Party opens its first national meeting in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
1862 – Jefferson Davis is officially inaugurated for a six-year term as the President of the Confederate States of America in Richmond, Virginia. He was previously inaugurated as a provisional president on February 18, 1861.
1872 – The Prohibition Party holds its first national convention in Columbus, Ohio, nominating James Black as its presidential nominee.
1889 – President Grover Cleveland signs a bill admitting North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana and Washington as U.S. states.
1974 – Samuel Byck tries and fails to assassinate U.S. President Richard Nixon.
1980 – In what would be called the Miracle on Ice, the United States hockey team defeats the Soviet Union hockey team 4-3 at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York.

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February 23

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1904 – The United States purchases control of the Panama Canal Zone for $10 million.
1905 – Chicago attorney Paul Harris and three other businessmen meet for lunch to form the Rotary Club (logo pictured), the world's first service club.
1927 – The Federal Radio Commission (later renamed the Federal Communications Commission) begins to regulate the use of radio frequencies in the United States.
1954 – The first mass inoculation of children against polio with the Salk vaccine begins in Pittsburgh.
1991 – Ground troops cross the Saudi Arabian border and enter Iraq, thus beginning the ground phase of the first Gulf War.

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February 24

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1863 – Arizona is organized as a United States territory.
1868 – Andrew Johnson (pictured) becomes the first President of the United States to be impeached by the United States House of Representatives. He is later acquitted in the Senate.
1917 – The U.S. ambassador to the United Kingdom is given the Zimmermann Telegram, in which Germany pledges to ensure the return of New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona to Mexico if that country declares war on the United States as part of World War I.
1942 – The Voice of America begins broadcasting.
1980 – The United States Olympic Hockey team completes their Miracle on Ice by defeating Finland 4-2 to win the gold medal at the 1980 Olympic Winter Games.
1983 – A special commission of the U.S. Congress releases a report that condemns the practice of Japanese internment during World War II.

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February 25

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1870 – Hiram Rhodes Revels (pictured), a Republican from Mississippi, is sworn into the United States Senate, becoming the first African American ever to sit in the U.S. Congress.
1888 – John Foster Dulles, American politician, former United States Senator from New York, and 52nd United States Secretary of State, is born.
1919 – Oregon places a 1 cent per U.S. gallon tax on gasoline, becoming the first U.S. state to levy a gasoline tax.
1928 – Charles Jenkins Laboratories of Washington, DC becomes the first holder of a television license from the Federal Radio Commission.
1933 – The USS Ranger is launched. It is the first US Navy ship to be built solely as an aircraft carrier.

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February 26

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1870 – In New York City, the first pneumatic subway opens.
1919 – An act of the U.S. Congress establishes most of the Grand Canyon (pictured) as a United States National Park (see Grand Canyon National Park).
1966 – NASA's Apollo Program launches AS-201 (pictured), the first flight of the Saturn IB rocket.
1984 – US troops withdraw from Beirut. President Ronald Reagan had sent the troops in as a peacekeeping force in August 1982.
1993 – World Trade Center bombing: In New York City, a truck bomb parked below the North Tower of the World Trade Center goes off, killing 6 and injuring over a thousand.

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February 27

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1801 - Washington, DC (pictured) is placed under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Congress.
1922 - A challenge to the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, allowing women the right to vote, is rebuffed by the Supreme Court of the United States in Leser v. Garnett.
1951 - The Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution, limiting Presidents to two terms, is ratified.
1973 - The American Indian Movement occupies Wounded Knee, South Dakota.
1974 - People magazine is published for the first time.
1991 - Gulf War: U.S. President George H. W. Bush announces that "Kuwait is liberated."

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February 28

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1827 – The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad is incorporated, becoming the first railroad in the United States offering commercial transportation of both people and freight.
1854 – The Republican Party of the United States is organized in Ripon, Wisconsin.
1861 – Colorado is organized as a United States territory.
1940 – Basketball is televised for the first time, broadcasting a game between Fordham University and the University of Pittsburgh in Madison Square Garden.
1972 – The United States and People's Republic of China sign the Shanghai Communiqué in Shanghai, China (signing hall pictured), a key early step in the renormalization of Sino-American relations.
1993 – Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms agents raid the Branch Davidian church in Waco, Texas with a warrant to arrest the group's leader David Koresh. Four BATF agents and five Davidians die in the initial raid, starting a 51-day standoff.

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February 29

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1864 – The American Civil War] Kilpatrick-Dahlgren Raid, a plan to free 15,000 Union soldiers being held near Richmond, Virginia, fails.
1904 – Jazz clarinetist and Big Band leader Jimmy Dorsey is born.
1920 – Two-time Poet Laureate and Pulitzer Prize for Poetry winner Howard Nemerov is born.
1940 – For her role as Mammy in Gone with the Wind, Hattie McDaniel (pictured) becomes the first African American to win an Academy Award.
1972 – Hank Aaron becomes the first player in the history of Major League Baseball to sign a $200,000 contract.

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March

edit

United States March anniversaries

January • February • March • April • May • June • July • August • September • October • November • December

These are the selected anniversaries for March that appear on the United States portal.

The "edit" links edit the portal subpages that are displayed as sections here.
The layout design for these subpages is at Portal:United States/Anniversaries/Layout.

See also

Yearly "...in the United States" articles, such as 2024 in the United States.
United States history categories (Select [+] to view subcategories)

History of the United States

March 1

Portal:United States/Anniversaries/March/March 1

1781 – The Continental Congress adopts the Articles of Confederation.
1790 – The first United States census is authorized.
1803 – Ohio is admitted as the 17th U.S. state.
1845 – President John Tyler signs a bill authorizing the United States to annex the Republic of Texas.
1867 – Nebraska becomes the 37th U.S. state; Lancaster, Nebraska is renamed Lincoln and becomes the state capital.
1872 – Yellowstone National Park (pictured) is established as the world's first national park.
1961 – President of the United States John F. Kennedy establishes the Peace Corps.

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March 2

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1861 – Nevada Territory and Dakota Territory are organized as political divisions of the United States.
1901 – Congress passes the Platt Amendment, limiting the autonomy of Cuba as a condition for the withdrawal of American troops.
1917 – The enactment of the Jones–Shafroth Act grants Puerto Ricans United States citizenship.
1949 – The first automatic street light was installed in New Milford, Conn.
1953 – The Academy Awards are first broadcast on television by NBC.
1962 – In Hershey, Pennsylvania, Wilt Chamberlain (pictured) of the Philadelphia Warriors scores 100 points against the New York Knicks, breaking several National Basketball Association records.

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March 3

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1817 – The Alabama Territory is created by splitting the Mississippi Territory.
1820 – The U.S. Congress passes the Missouri Compromise.
1845 – Florida is admitted as the 27th U.S. state.
1849 – Minnesota Territory organizes as a political division of the United States.
1863 – Idaho Territory organizes as a political division of the United States.
1877 – Rutherford B. Hayes (pictured) is privately inaugurated as the 19th President of the United States (his public inauguration coming on March 5).

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March 4

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1681 – Charles II of England grants a land charter to William Penn (pictured) for the area that will later become Pennsylvania.
1778 – The Continental Congress voted to ratify both the Treaty of Amity and Commerce and the Treaty of Alliance with France. The two treaties were the first entered into by the United States government.
1789 – In New York City, the first U.S. Congress meets and declares the new Constitution of the United States is in effect.
1791 – Vermont is admitted as the 14th U.S. state.
1863 – Territory of Idaho established.
1925 – Calvin Coolidge becomes the first President of the United States to have his inauguration broadcast on radio.

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March 5

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1766 – Antonio de Ulloa, the first Spanish governor of Louisiana, arrives in New Orleans.
1770 – Boston Massacre: Five Americans, including a black slave named Crispus Attucks, and a boy are killed by British troops in an event that would help start the American Revolutionary War five years later.
1861 – The "Stars and Bars" (pictured) is adopted as the flag of the Confederate States of America.
1868 – A court of impeachment is organized in the United States Senate to hear charges against President Andrew Johnson.
1933 – As part of the Great Depression, President Franklin D. Roosevelt declares a "bank holiday", closing all United States banks and freezing all financial transactions.
1998 – NASA announces that the Clementine probe orbiting the Moon has found enough water to support a human colony.

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March 6

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1820 – The Missouri Compromise is signed into law by President James Monroe. The compromise allows Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state, but makes the rest of the northern part of the Louisiana Purchase territory slavery-free.
1836 – After a 13-day siege by an army of 3,000 Mexican troops, the 187 Texas volunteers defending the Alamo are defeated and the fort taken, concluding the Battle of the Alamo.
1948 – USS Newport News, the first air-conditioned naval ship, is launched from Newport News, Virginia.
1951 – The trial of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg (pictured) on the charge of conspiracy to commit espionage begins. Both were executed on June 19, 1953 after bring found guilty of attempting to pass American nuclear secrets to the Soviet Union.
1981 – After 19 years presenting the CBS Evening News, Walter Cronkite signs off for the last time.

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March 7

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1848 – The Great Māhele (land division) is signed in Hawaii.
1850 – United States Senator Daniel Webster gives his "Seventh of March" speech in which he endorses the Compromise of 1850 in order to prevent a possible civil war.
1876 – Alexander Graham Bell (pictured) is granted a patent for an invention he calls the telephone (patent # 174,465).
1965 – In Selma, Alabama, state troopers and local law enforcement forcefully break up a group of 600 civil rights marchers. The event was televised and was dubbed Bloody Sunday.
1994 – The Supreme Court of the United States rules in Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc. that parodies of an original work are generally covered by the doctrine of fair use.
2006 – Apple Inc. is granted the patent to the iPod.

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March 8

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1765 – The British House of Lords passes the Stamp Act to tax the American colonies.
1817 – The New York Stock Exchange is founded.
1884 – Susan B. Anthony (pictured) addresses the U.S. House Judiciary Committee arguing for an amendment to the U.S. Constitution granting women the right to vote. Anthony's argument came 16 years after legislators had first introduced a federal women's suffrage amendment.
1936 – The first stock car race is held in Daytona Beach, Florida.
1965 – 3,500 United States Marines arrive in South Vietnam, becoming the first American combat troops in Vietnam during the Vietnam War.
1999 – The Supreme Court of the United States upholds the murder convictions of Timothy McVeigh for the Oklahoma City bombing.

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March 9

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1841 – The Supreme Court of the United States rules in United States v. The Amistad that a group of Africans who seized control of the slave-trading ship carrying them had been taken into slavery illegally.
1862 – In the American Civil War, the first battle between two ironclad warships, a five-hour battle near Hampton Roads, Virginia between the USS Monitor and the CSS Virginia, results in a draw.
1932 – The first Ford Flathead engine leaves the assembly line at Ford Motor Company.
1933 – Congress begins enacting New Deal legislation after President Franklin Delano Roosevelt submits the Emergency Banking Act in an effort to halt the Great Depression.
1959 – The Barbie doll (pictured) debuts.
2007 – The US Justice Department releases an internal audit that finds that the FBI illegally used the USA Patriot Act to secretly obtain personal information about American citizens.

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March 10

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1804 – In St. Louis, a formal ceremony is conducted to transfer ownership of Louisiana Territory from France to the United States, as part of a deal known as the Louisiana Purchase.
1848 – The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is ratified by the United States Senate, ending the Mexican–American War.
1880 – Members of the London-based Salvation Army charitable organization land in the United States and begin operations.
1945 – The Army Air Force firebombs Tokyo, resulting in a conflagration that kills more than 100,000 people, mostly civilians.
2000 – The NASDAQ stock market index peaks at 5132.52, signaling the beginning of the end of the dot-com boom.
2006 – Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (pictured) arrives at Mars.

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March 11

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1779 – Army Corps of Engineers is authorized by Congress.
1824 – The United States War Department creates the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
1861 – The Constitution of the Confederate States of America is adopted.
1959 – The original Broadway production of A Raisin in the Sun opens at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre in New York City.
1977 – More than 130 hostages held in Washington, D.C., by Hanafi Muslims are set free after ambassadors from three Islamic nations join negotiations.
1993 – Janet Reno (pictured) is confirmed by the United States Senate and sworn-in the next day, becoming the first female Attorney General of the United States.

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March 12

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1664 – New Jersey becomes a colony of Britain.
1894 – Coca-Cola (pictured) is sold in bottles for the first time.
1912 – The Girl Guides (later renamed the Girl Scouts of the USA) are founded.
1928 – In California, the St. Francis Dam fails, killing 400 people.
1933 – Franklin D. Roosevelt addresses the nation for the first time as President of the United States. This would bring about a tradition of televised "Fireside Chats" delivered by President Roosevelt during the Great Depression era.
1947 – The Truman Doctrine is proclaimed to help stem the spread of Communism.

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March 13

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1639 – Harvard College, originally named "New College", is renamed in honor deceased clergyman John Harvard, who left for the institution his entire library and a sum of money equal to half of his estate."
1862 – The federal government forbids all Union army officers from returning fugitive slaves to their masters, thus effectively annulling the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 and setting the stage for the Emancipation Proclamation.
1969 – Apollo 9 returns safely to Earth after testing the Lunar Module (pictured).
1986 – Microsoft offers stock to the public for the first time.
1991 – The United States Justice Department announces that Exxon has agreed to pay $1 billion for the clean-up of the Exxon Valdez oil spill in Alaska.

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March 14

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1794 – Eli Whitney (pictured) is granted a patent for the cotton gin.
1900 – The Gold Standard Act is ratified, placing United States currency on the gold standard.
1903 – The Hay–Herrán Treaty, granting the United States the right to build the Panama Canal, is ratified by the United States Senate. The Colombian Senate would later reject the treaty.
1942 – John Bumstead and Orvan Hess became the first in the world to successfully treat a patient, Anne Miller, using penicillin.
1964 – A jury in Dallas, Texas finds Jack Ruby guilty of killing Lee Harvey Oswald, the assassin of President John F. Kennedy.
1995 – Astronaut Norman Thagard becomes the first American astronaut to ride to space on board a Russian launch vehicle.

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March 15

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1767 – Andrew Jackson, 7th President of the United States, is born
1776 – South Carolina became the first American colony to declare its independence from Great Britain and set up its own government.
1820 – Maine becomes the 23rd U.S. state.
1916 – President Woodrow Wilson sends 12,000 United States troops over the U.S.-Mexico border to pursue Pancho Villa.
1919 – The American Legion forms in Paris.
1989 – The United States Department of Veterans Affairs (seal pictured) is established.

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March 16

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1802 – The United States Military Academy West Point is established.
1945 – The Battle of Iwo Jima, one of the biggest confrontations between American and Japanese forces fighting in the Pacific Theatre of World War II, officially ends. Small pockets of Japanese resistance persist.
1958 – Ford Motor Company produces its 50 millionth automobile, the Thunderbird (pictured), averaging almost a million cars a year since the company's founding.
1968 – In the My Lai massacre, between 350 and 500 Vietnamese villagers are killed by American troops in one of the worst atrocities of the Vietnam War.
1984 – William Buckley, the CIA station chief in Beirut, Lebanon, is kidnapped by Islamic fundamentalists and later dies in captivity.
1988 – Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North and Vice Admiral John Poindexter are indicted on charges of conspiracy to defraud the United States as part of the Iran–Contra affair.

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March 17

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Today is Saint Patrick's Day, a public holiday in Ireland that is widely celebrated in the United States, especially so in Boston and the New England area. It is also Evacuation Day in Suffolk County, Massachusetts.

1910 – Luther Gulick and his wife Charlotte found Camp Fire Girls (now Camp Fire USA) (formally announced in 1912).
1941 – In Washington, DC, the National Gallery of Art (logo pictured) is officially opened by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
1950 – University of California, Berkeley researchers announce the creation of element 98, which they name "Californium".
1960 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs the National Security Council directive on the anti-Cuban covert action program that will ultimately lead to the Bay of Pigs Invasion.

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March 18

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1837 – Grover Cleveland, the 22nd and 24th President of the United States, is born.
1850 – American Express is founded by Henry Wells & William Fargo.
1865 – The Congress of the Confederate States of America, government of the South during the American Civil War, adjourns for the last time.
1959 – American President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs a bill into law allowing for Hawaiian statehood, which would become official on August 21.
1968 – The U.S. Congress repeals the requirement for a gold reserve to back US currency, ending the practice of the Gold standard.
1990 – In the largest art theft in US history, 12 paintings, collectively worth around $300 million, are stolen from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum (pictured) in Boston, Massachusetts.

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March 19

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1918 – Congress establishes time zones and approves daylight saving time.
1920 – The Senate rejects the Treaty of Versailles, one of the treaties ending World War I, for the second time.
1931 – Gambling is legalized in Nevada.
1941 – The 99th Pursuit Squadron, one of several units associated with the Tuskegee Airmen (pictured), is activated. The Tuskegee Airmen were the first all-black units of the Army Air Corp, and became one of the most successful and awarded units of World War II.
1979 – The United States House of Representatives begins broadcasting its day-to-day business via the cable television network C-SPAN.
1987 – Televangelist Jim Bakker resigns as head of the PTL Club due to a brewing sex scandal; he hands over control to Jerry Falwell.

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March 20

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The first edition cover of Uncle Tom's Cabin.

1852 – Harriet Beecher Stowe's anti-slavery novel Uncle Tom's Cabin is published.
1899 – At Sing Sing prison, Martha M. Place is sentenced to become the first woman executed in an electric chair.
1914 – In New Haven, Connecticut, the first international figure skating championship takes place.
1922 – The USS Langley is commissioned as the first United States Navy aircraft carrier.
1928 – Fred Rogers, host of the long running children's television show Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, is born.
1923 – The Arts Club of Chicago, an early proponent of modern art in the United States, hosts the opening of Pablo Picasso's first United States showing, entitled Original Drawings by Pablo Picasso.
1942 – In Terowie, South Australia, General Douglas MacArthur makes his famous speech regarding the fall of the Philippines, in which he says "I came out of Bataan and I shall return".

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March 21

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1859 – The Zoological Society of Philadelphia, the first such society in the United States, isincorporated.
1952 – Alan Freed presents the Moondog Coronation Ball, the first rock and roll concert, in Cleveland, Ohio.
1963 – Alcatraz (pictured), a federal penitentiary on an island in San Francisco Bay, closes.
1965 – Martin Luther King Jr. leads 3,200 people on the start of the third civil rights march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama.
1970 – The first Earth Day proclamation is issued by San Francisco Mayor Joseph Alioto.
1980 – President Jimmy Carter announces a United States boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow to protest the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan.

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March 22

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1621 – The Pilgrims of Plymouth Colony sign a peace treaty with Massasoit of the Wampanoags.
1622 – Algonquian Indians kill 347 settlers around Jamestown, Virginia, a third of the colony's population, in the Jamestown massacre.
1765 – The British Parliament passes the Stamp Act that introduces a tax to be levied directly on its American colonies.
1871 – In North Carolina, William Woods Holden becomes the first governor of a U.S. state to be removed from office by impeachment.
1933 – President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signs into law a bill legalizing the sale of beer and wine.
1941 – Washington State's Grand Coulee Dam (pictured) begins to generate electricity.
1960 – Arthur Leonard Schawlow and Charles Hard Townes receive the first patent for a laser.

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March 23

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1775 – Patrick Henry (pictured) delivers the famous line "Give me Liberty, or give me Death!" in a speech at St. John's Church in Richmond, Virginia.
1806 – After traveling through the Louisiana Purchase and reaching the Pacific Ocean, explorers Lewis and Clark and their "Corps of Discovery" begin their arduous journey home.
1857 – The first elevator with a fail-safe for a failure of the main cord, designed by Elisha Otis, is installed at 488 Broadway in New York City.
1903 – The Wright Brothers apply for a patent on their invention of one of the first successful airplanes.
1965 – Gemini 3, the NASA's first two-man space flight, is launched. It is crewed by Gus Grissom and John W. Young.
1983 – President Ronald Reagan makes his initial proposal to develop technology to intercept enemy missiles, the Strategic Defense Initiative.

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March 24

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1765 – During the American Revolutionary War the Kingdom of Great Britain passes the Quartering Act, which required residents of the Thirteen Colonies to house British troops.
1832 – In Hiram, Ohio a group of men beat, tar and feather Mormon leader Joseph Smith (pictured).
1900 – New York City Mayor Robert Anderson Van Wyck breaks ground for a new underground "Rapid Transit Railroad" that would link Manhattan and Brooklyn.
1934 – U.S. Congress passes the Tydings–McDuffie Act allowing the Philippines to become a self-governing commonwealth.
1965 – NASA spacecraft Ranger 9, equipped to convert its signals into a form suitable for showing on domestic television sets, brings images of the Moon into ordinary homes before crash-landing.
1989 – In Alaska's Prince William Sound the Exxon Valdez spills 240,000 barrels (42,000 m³) of petroleum after running aground. Known as the Exxon Valdez oil spill, it remains one of the worst environmental disasters in American history.

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March 25

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1634 – The first settlers arrive in Maryland.
1894 – Coxey's Army, the first significant American protest march, departs Massillon, Ohio for Washington D.C..
1955 – United States Customs seizes copies of Allen Ginsberg's poem "Howl" as obscene.
1965 – Civil rights activists led by Martin Luther King Jr. successfully complete their 4-day 50-mile march from Selma to the capitol in Montgomery, Alabama.
1979 – The first fully functional Space Shuttle orbiter, Columbia (pictured), is delivered to the John F. Kennedy Space Center to be prepared for its first launch.
1996 – An 81-day-long standoff between the anti-government group Montana Freemen and law enforcement near Jordan, Montana, begins.

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March 26

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1945 – US forces declare Iwo Jima, one of the most harshly contested battlegrounds of the Pacific Theatre of World War II, as "secure."
1953 – Jonas Salk (pictured) announces his polio vaccine.
1967 – Ten thousand people gather in New York City for the Central Park be-in.
1979 – Anwar Sadat, Menachem Begin, and Jimmy Carter sign the Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty in Washington, D.C.
1982 – A groundbreaking ceremony for the Vietnam Veterans Memorial is held in Washington, D.C.
1999 – A jury in Michigan finds physician and assisted suicide advocate Jack Kevorkian guilty of second-degree murder for administering a lethal injection to a terminally ill man.

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March 27

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1794 – The government of the United States establishes a permanent United States Navy and authorizes the building of six frigates.
1814 – In central Alabama, United States forces under General Andrew Jackson defeat the Creek at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend.
1886 – Famous Apache warrior, Geronimo (pictured), surrenders to the U.S. Army, ending the main phase of the Apache Wars.
1964 – The Good Friday earthquake, the most powerful earthquake in U.S. history at a magnitude of 9.2, strikes South Central Alaska, killing 125 people and inflicting massive damage to the city of Anchorage.
1998 – The Food and Drug Administration approves Viagra for use as a treatment for male impotence, the first pill to be approved for this condition in the United States.

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March 28

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1834 – The United States Senate censures President Andrew Jackson for his actions in defunding the Second Bank of the United States.
1862 – In New Mexico, Union forces succeed in stopping the Confederate invasion of New Mexico territory in the Battle of Glorieta Pass. The battle began on March 26.
1946 – The United States State Department releases the Acheson–Lilienthal Report, outlining a plan for the international control of nuclear power.
1979 – In Pennsylvania, a pump in the reactor cooling system of a nuclear reactor at Three Mile Island accident (pictured) fails, resulting in the evaporation of some contaminated water causing a nuclear meltdown.
1990 – President George H. W. Bush posthumously awards track and field athlete Jesse Owens the Congressional Gold Medal.

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March 29

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1799 – New York passes a law aimed at gradually abolishing slavery in the state.
1806 – Construction authorized of the Great National Pike, better known as the Cumberland Road, the first United States federal highway.
1886 – Dr. John Pemberton (pictured) brews the first batch of Coca-Cola in a backyard in Atlanta.
1961 – The Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, allowing residents of Washington, D.C. to vote in presidential elections.
1971 – A Los Angeles jury recommends the death penalty for cult leader Charles Manson and three female followers.
1973 – The last United States soldiers leave South Vietnam, ending American involvement in the Vietnam War.

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March 30

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1822 – The Florida Territory is formed under the control of the United States after the East Florida territory and part of the West Florida territory were ceded to the U.S. by the Kingdom of Spain as part of the Adams–Onís Treaty.
1842 – Anesthesia is used for the first time in an operation by Dr. Crawford Long.
1858 – Hymen Lipman patents a pencil with an attached eraser.
1867 – Alaska is purchased for $7.2 million, about 2 cent/acre ($4.19/km²), by United States Secretary of State William H. Seward (pictured). The news media of the day call the transaction Seward's Folly.
1870 – Texas is readmitted to the Union following Reconstruction.
1981 – President Ronald Reagan is shot in the chest outside a Washington, D.C., hotel by John Hinckley, Jr..

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March 31

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1774 – In a response to the Boston Tea Party, the parliament of Britain passes the Boston Port Act, which orders the port of Boston, Massachusetts to be closed.
1906 – The Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (later National Collegiate Athletic Association) is established to set rules for amateur sports in the United States.
1930 – The Motion Pictures Production Code is instituted, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of sex, crime, religion and violence in motion pictures for the next thirty eight years.
1933 – The Civilian Conservation Corps, a New Deal public work relief program, is established to help relieve rampant unemployment.
1992 – USS Missouri (BB-63) (pictured), the last active Battleship in the United States Navy, is decommissioned at Long Beach, California.
1998 – Netscape releases the code base of its browser under an open-source license agreement; the project is given the code name Mozilla and would eventually be spun off into the non-profit Mozilla Foundation.

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April

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United States April anniversaries

January • February • March • April • May • June • July • August • September • October • November • December

These are the selected anniversaries for April that appear on the United States portal.

The "edit" links edit the portal subpages that are displayed as sections here.
The layout design for these subpages is at Portal:United States/Anniversaries/Layout.

See also

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United States history categories (Select [+] to view subcategories)

History of the United States

April 1

Portal:United States/Anniversaries/April/April 1

1789 – In New York City, the House of Representatives holds its first quorum and elects Frederick Muhlenberg of Pennsylvania as its first House Speaker.
1826 – Samuel Morey patents the internal combustion engine.
1891 – The Wrigley Company is founded in Chicago, Illinois.
1954 – President Dwight D. Eisenhower authorizes the creation of the United States Air Force Academy (pictured) in Colorado.
1970 – President Richard Nixon signs the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act into law, requiring surgeon general's warnings on tobacco products and banning cigarette advertisements on television and radio in the United States.
1976 – Apple Computer is formed by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak.

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April 2

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1513 – Juan Ponce de León sets foot on Florida, becoming the first European known to do so.
1792 – The Coinage Act is passed, establishing the United States Mint.
1900 – The Foraker Act passes through Congress, giving Puerto Ricans limited self-rule.
1917 – President Woodrow Wilson asks Congress for a declaration of war on Germany, beginning American involvement in World War I.
1917 – The first woman elected to the Congress, Jeannette Rankin (pictured), takes her seat as a representative from Montana.
1972 – Actor Charlie Chaplin returns to the United States for the first time since being labeled a communist during the Red Scare in the early 1950s.

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April 3

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1865 – In a major turning point of the American Civil War, Union forces capture Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederate States of America.
1948 – President Harry S. Truman signs the Marshall Plan, authorizing $5 billion in aid for 16 countries.
1955 – The American Civil Liberties Union announces it will defend Allen Ginsberg's book Howl against obscenity charges.
1968 – Martin Luther King Jr. delivers his "I've Been to the Mountaintop" speech.
1973 – The first portable cell phone call is made in New York City, United States.
1996 – Suspected "Unabomber" Theodore Kaczynski is arrested at his cabin in Montana, United States.
2000 – In the case of United States v. Microsoft (testimony pictured), a federal judge rules that Microsoft violated United States antitrust laws by keeping "an oppressive thumb" on its competitors, and orders the corporation be split into two separate units.

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April 4

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1818 – Congress adopts the flag of the United States with 13 red and white stripes and one star for each state (then 20).
1841 – William Henry Harrison (pictured) dies of pneumonia, becoming the first President to die in office, and President with the shortest term served.
1887 – Argonia, Kansas elects Susanna M. Salter as the first female mayor in the United States.
1949 – Twelve nations, led by the United States, sign the North Atlantic Treaty creating the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation.
1968 – Martin Luther King Jr. is assassinated by James Earl Ray at a motel in Memphis, Tennessee.
1984 – President Ronald Reagan calls for an international ban on chemical weapons.

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April 5

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1614 – In Virginia, Native American Pocahontas marries English colonist John Rolfe.
1792 – U.S. President George Washington exercises his authority to veto a bill, the first time this power is used in the United States.
1933 – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs Executive Order 6102 "forbidding the Hoarding of Gold Coin, Gold Bullion, and Gold Certificates" by U.S. citizens.
1937 – Colin Powell (pictured), U.S. Army General, 12th Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and 65th Secretary of State, is born.
1949 – A fire in a hospital in Effingham, Illinois, kills 77 people and leads to nationwide fire code improvements in the United States.

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April 6

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Today is Tartan Day.

1808 – John Jacob Astor incorporates the American Fur Company, eventually leading him to become America's first millionaire.
1830 – The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints is organized by Joseph Smith, Jr. (pictured) and others at Fayette or Manchester, New York.
1862 – The Battle of Shiloh begins when forces under Union General Ulysses S. Grant meet Confederate troops led by General Albert Sidney Johnston in Tennessee. The battle claims almost 25,000 lives.
1865 – The American Civil War Battle of Sayler's Creek begins. Confederate General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia fights its last major battle while in retreat from Richmond, Virginia.
1917 – The United States declares war on Germany, beginning its official involvement in World War I.

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April 7

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1788 – American Pioneers to the Northwest Territory arrive at the confluence of the Ohio and Muskingum rivers, establishing Marietta, Ohio as the first permanent American settlement of the Northwest Territory.
1890 – Marjory Stoneman Douglas, conservationist and writer whose book The Everglades: River of Grass redefined popular perception of the Florida Everglades and was instrumental in ensuring their preservation, was born.
1940 – Booker T. Washington becomes the first African American to be depicted on a United States postage stamp (pictured).
1954 – President Dwight D. Eisenhower gives his "domino theory" speech during a news conference.
2001 – NASA launches the robotic spacecraft Mars Odyssey, an orbiter designed to hunt for evidence of past or present water or volcanic activity on Mars.

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April 8

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1513 – Explorer Juan Ponce de León declares Florida a territory of Spain.
1808 – The Roman Catholic Diocese of Baltimore is promoted to an archdiocese, with the founding of the dioceses of New York, Philadelphia, Boston, and Bardstown (now Louisville) by Pope Pius VII.
1913 – The Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, requiring direct election of Senators, becomes law.
1935 – The Works Progress Administration (logo pictured) is formed when the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 becomes law.
1943 – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, in an attempt to check inflation, freezes wages and prices, prohibits workers from changing jobs unless the war effort would be aided thereby, and bars rate increases by common carriers and public utilities.
1952 – U.S. President Harry Truman calls for the seizure of all domestic steel mills to prevent a nationwide strike.

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April 9

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1865 – Robert E. Lee surrenders the Army of Northern Virginia (26,765 troops) to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia, effectively ending the American Civil War.
1867 – Passing by a single vote, the United States Senate ratifies a treaty with Russia for the purchase of Alaska.
1909 – The U.S. Congress passes the Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act.
1945 – The United States Atomic Energy Commission is formed.
1959 – NASA announces the selection of the United States' first seven astronauts, whom the news media quickly dub the "Mercury Seven" (pictured).
1992 – A United States Federal Court finds former Panamanian dictator Manuel Noriega guilty of drug and racketeering charges. He is sentenced to 30 years in prison.

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April 10

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1606 – The Charter of the Virginia Company of London is established by royal charter by James I of England with the purpose of establishing colonial settlements in North America.
1816 – The United States Government approves the creation of the Second Bank of the United States (pictured).
1866 – The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) is founded in New York City by Henry Bergh.
1874 – The first Arbor Day is celebrated in Nebraska.
1925 – The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald is first published in New York City, by Charles Scribner's Sons.
1971 – In an attempt to thaw relations with the United States, the People's Republic of China hosts the U.S. table tennis team for a weeklong visit. The visit gained the moniker ping-pong diplomacy.

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April 11

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Lyndon B. Johnson signing the Civil Rights Act of 1968

1865 – President Abraham Lincoln makes his last public speech.
1899 – Spain cedes Puerto Rico to the United States.
1945 – American forces liberate the Buchenwald concentration camp.
1951 – President Harry Truman relieves General Douglas MacArthur of overall command in Korea.
1968 – President Lyndon B. Johnson signs (ceremony pictured) the Civil Rights Act of 1968, prohibiting discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of housing.

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April 12

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Official White House portrait of Harry Truman

1776 – With the Halifax Resolves, the North Carolina Provincial Congress authorizes its delegation to the Second Continental Congress to vote for independence from Britain.
1861 – The first battle of the American Civil War begins with Confederate forces firing on Fort Sumter, in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina.
1865 – Mobile, Alabama, falls to the Union Army.
1934 – The Auto-Lite Strike begins, culminating in a five-day melee between Ohio National Guard troops and 6,000 strikers and picketers.
1945 – President Franklin D. Roosevelt dies while in office; vice-president Harry Truman (pictured) is sworn in as the 33rd President.
1981 – The Space Shuttle Columbia launches on the STS-1 mission, the first manned mission of the STS program.

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April 13

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1743 – Thomas Jefferson (pictured), principal author of the U.S. Declaration of Independence, 1st Secretary of State, 2nd Vice President, and 3rd President of the United States, is born.
1861 – Fort Sumter surrenders to Confederate forces during the American Civil War.
1943 – The Jefferson Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C., on the 200th anniversary of Jefferson birth.
1953 – CIA director Allen Dulles launches the mind-control program MKULTRA.
1970 – An oxygen tank aboard Apollo 13 explodes, putting the crew in great danger and causing major damage to the spacecraft while it is en route to the Moon.
1974 – Western Union (in cooperation with NASA and Hughes Aircraft) launches the United States' first commercial geosynchronous communications satellite, Westar 1.

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April 14

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1828 – Noah Webster copyrights the first edition of his dictionary.
1860 – The first Pony Express rider reaches Sacramento, California.
1865 – U.S. President Abraham Lincoln is shot in Ford's Theatre (pictured) by John Wilkes Booth.
1894 – Thomas Edison demonstrates the kinetoscope, a device for peep-show viewing using photographs that flip in sequence, a precursor to movies.
1956 – Videotape is first demonstrated at the 1956 NARTB (now NAB) convention in Chicago, Illinois.
1981 – The first operational Space Shuttle, Columbia, lands at Edwards Air Force Base, California after its first test flight.

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April 15

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1783 – Preliminary articles of peace ending Revolutionary War ratified.
1865 – Abraham Lincoln dies after being shot the previous evening by John Wilkes Booth and Andrew Johnson becomes the 17th President of the United States.
1924 – Rand McNally publishes its first road atlas.
1927 – Douglas Fairbanks, Mary Pickford and Norma and Constance Talmadge become the first celebrities to leave their footprints in concrete at Grauman's Chinese Theater in Hollywood.
1947 – Jackie Robinson (pictured) debuts for the Brooklyn Dodgers baseball team, breaking that sport's color line.
1955 – Ray Kroc opens his first franchise of McDonald's restaurant in Des Plaines, Illinois.

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April 16

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1862 – A bill ending slavery in the District of Columbia becomes law.
1947 – Bernard Baruch coins the term "Cold War" to describe the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union.
1963 – Martin Luther King Jr. pens his famous Letter from Birmingham Jail while incarcerated in Birmingham, Alabama for protesting against segregation.
1972 – Apollo 16 launches towards the Moon from Cape Canaveral, Florida.
2007 – The deadliest mass shooting in modern American history, the Virginia Tech massacre (memorial ceremony pictured), occurs. A gunman shoots 32 people to death and injures 23 others before committing suicide.

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April 17

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1861 – Virginia secedes from the Union during the American Civil War.
1865 – Mary Surratt is arrested as a conspirator in the assassination of Abraham Lincoln.
1907 – The Ellis Island immigration center (pictured) processes 11,747 people, more than any other day.
1961 – In what became known as the Bay of Pigs Invasion, a group of CIA financed and trained Cuban refugees lands at the Bay of Pigs in Cuba with the aim of ousting Fidel Castro.
1969 – Sirhan Sirhan is convicted of assassinating Robert F. Kennedy.
1970 – The ill-fated Apollo 13 spacecraft returns to Earth safely.

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April 18

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1906 – An earthquake with an estimated magnitude of 7.9 destroys much of San Francisco, California.
1906 – A Los Angeles Times story on the Azusa Street Revival launches Pentecostalism as a worldwide movement.
1923 – The original Yankee Stadium (pictured), which served as the home of the New York Yankees until 2008, opens.
1983 – A suicide bomber destroys the United States embassy in Beirut, Lebanon, killing 63 people.
1988 – The United States launches Operation Praying Mantis against Iranian naval forces in the largest naval battle since World War II.
1949 – The aircraft carrier USS United States (CVA-58) is laid down at Newport News Drydock and Shipbuilding. However, the United States is canceled five days later, resulting in the Revolt of the Admirals.

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April 19

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The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building two days after the bombing

1775 – The first battles of the American Revolution, the Battles of Lexington and Concord begin. Paul Revere (pictured) and other riders warn the countryside of the troop movements.
1892 – Charles Duryea claims to have driven the first automobile in the United States, in Springfield, Massachusetts.
1961 – The Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba ends with the defeat of the CIA backed guerrillas by forces loyal to Fidel Castro.
1971 – Charles Manson is sentenced to life in prison for the Sharon Tate murders.
1995 – Oklahoma City bombing: The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building (pictured) in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma is bombed by Timothy McVeigh, killing 168.
1993 – The 51-day siege of the Branch Davidian building outside Waco, Texas, ends when a fire breaks out. Eighty-one people die.

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April 20

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1657 – Freedom of religion is granted to the Jews of New Amsterdam (later New York City).
1836 – U.S. Congress passes an act creating the Wisconsin Territory.
1912 – Opening day for baseball stadiums Tiger Stadium in Detroit, Michigan, and Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts.
1926 – Western Electric and Warner Bros. announce Vitaphone, a process to add sound to film.
1999 – Columbine High School massacre: Two gunmen kill 13 people and injure 24 others before committing suicide at Columbine High School located in Jefferson County, Colorado.
2010 – The Deepwater Horizon drilling rig explodes (pictured), killing 11 and initiating a massive oil discharge in the Gulf of Mexico.

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April 21

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1836 – In the Battle of San Jacinto, Republic of Texas forces under Sam Houston (pictured) defeat troops under Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna.
1898 – Congress recognizes this day as the beginning of the Spanish–American War, in a session taking place on April 25.
1952 – Secretary's Day (now Administrative Professionals' Day) is first celebrated.
1962 – The Seattle World's Fair (Century 21 Exposition) opens. It is the first World's Fair in the U.S. since World War II.
1982 – Rollie Fingers of the Milwaukee Brewers becomes the first pitcher to record 300 saves.

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April 22

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1864 – The U.S. Congress passes the Coinage Act which mandates that the inscription "In God We Trust" (pictured) be placed on all coins minted as United States currency.
1876 – The Boston Red Stockings defeat the Philadelphia Athletics 6-5 in the first National League Baseball game.
1889 – At high noon, thousands rush to claim land in the Land Rush of 1889. Within hours the cities of Oklahoma City and Guthrie are formed with populations of at least 10,000.
1930 – The United Kingdom, Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty regulating submarine warfare and limiting shipbuilding.
1954 – The Army–McCarthy hearings begin. MrCarthy's hunt for communists within the government was a core component of the Red Scare.
1970 – First Earth Day celebrated.

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April 23

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1635 – The first public school in the United States, Boston Latin School (pictured), is founded in Boston, Massachusetts.
1791 – James Buchanan, 15th President of the United States, is born.
1910 – Theodore Roosevelt makes his The Man in the Arena speech.
1968 – Student protesting the Vietnam War take over administration buildings and shut down Columbia University in New York City.
1985 – Coca-Cola changes its formula and releases New Coke. The response is overwhelmingly negative, and the original formula is back on the market in less than 3 months.

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April 24

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1704 – The first regular newspaper in the Thirteen Colonies, the Boston New-Letter, is published.
1800 – The United States Library of Congress is established when President John Adams signs legislation to appropriate US$5,000 to purchase "such books as may be necessary for the use of Congress".
1913 – The skyscraper Woolworth Building in New York City was opened.
1990 – During NASA's STS-31 mission, the Hubble Space Telescope is launched by the Space Shuttle Discovery (pictured).
1996 – The Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 is introduced.
2004 – The United States lifts economic sanctions imposed on Libya 18 years previously, as a reward for its cooperation in eliminating weapons of mass destruction.

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April 25

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1846 – In what becomes known as the Thornton Affair, open conflict begins over the disputed border of Texas, triggering the Mexican–American War.
1898 – The United States congress officially declares war on Spain. Combat in the Spanish–American War, however, had begun four days prior.
1938 – U.S. Supreme Court delivers opinion in Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins that overturns a century of federal common law.
1944 – The United Negro College Fund is incorporated.
1953 – Francis Crick and James D. Watson publish Molecular structure of nucleic acids: a structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid describing the double helix structure of DNA (pictured).
1959 – The St. Lawrence Seaway, linking the North American Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean, officially opens to shipping.

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April 26

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Recreated Powhatan village at the Jamestown Settlement

1607 – English colonists of the Jamestown Settlement (recreation pictured) make landfall at Cape Henry, Virginia.
1865 – Union cavalry troopers corner and shoot dead John Wilkes Booth, President Lincoln's assassin, in Virginia.
1865 – Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston surrenders his army to General William Tecumseh Sherman at the Bennett Place near Durham, North Carolina.
1956 – The first container ship leaves Port Newark, New Jersey for Houston, Texas.
1991 – Seventy tornadoes break out in the central United States. Before its end, Andover, Kansas would be devastated by the year's only F5 tornado.

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April 27

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1805 – United States Marines and Berbers attack the Tripolitan city of Derna during the First Barbary War. The line "shores of Tripoli" in the Marines' hymn is a reference to the battle.
1861 – President Abraham Lincoln suspends the writ of habeas corpus.
1865 – The New York State Senate creates Cornell University (pictured) as the state's land grant institution.
1911 – Following the resignation and death of William P. Frye, a compromise is reached to rotate the office of President pro tempore of the United States Senate.
1981 – Xerox PARC introduces the computer mouse.
2006 – Construction begins on the Freedom Tower for the new World Trade Center in New York City.

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April 28

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1758 – James Monroe, 5th President of the United States, is born.
1788 – Maryland becomes the seventh state to ratify the Constitution of the United States.
1952 – The United States occupation of Japan ends.
1965 – United States troops land in the Dominican Republic to "forestall establishment of a Communist dictatorship" and to evacuate U.S. citizens.
1970 – President Richard M. Nixon formally authorizes American combat troops to fight communist sanctuaries in Cambodia, violating a United Nations convention put in place to prevent the spread of the Vietnam War into neighboring states.
2001 – Millionaire Dennis Tito (pictured) becomes the world's first space tourist.

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April 29

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1945 – The Dachau concentration camp is liberated by United States troops.
1967 – After refusing induction into the United States Army the day before, citing religious reasons, Muhammad Ali (pictured) is stripped of his boxing title.
1974 – President Richard Nixon announces the release of edited transcripts of White House tape recordings related to the Watergate Scandal.
1975 – Operation Frequent Wind, an evacuation the last American citizens from Saigon prior to an expected North Vietnamese takeover, is commenced. United States involvement in the Vietnam War comes to an end.
1992 – Riots in Los Angeles, California, follow the acquittal of police officers charged with excessive force in the beating of Rodney King. Over the next three days 54 people are killed and hundreds of buildings are destroyed.
2004 – Oldsmobile builds its final car, ending 107 years of production.

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April 30

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1789 – On the balcony of Federal Hall on Wall Street in New York City, George Washington takes the oath of office to become the first elected President of the United States.
1803 – The United States purchases the Louisiana Territory from France for $15 million, more than doubling the size of the nation overnight.
1812 – The Territory of Orleans becomes the 18th U.S. state under the name Louisiana.
1900 – Hawaii becomes a territory of the United States, with Sanford B. Dole (pictured) serving as its first governor.
1939 – Franklin D. Roosevelt becomes the first President of the United States to appear on television, during a broadcast of the opening ceremonies of the 1939 New York World's Fair.
1973 – President Richard Nixon announces that top White House aids H.R. Haldeman, John Ehrlichman, and others have resigned over the Watergate Scandal.

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May

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United States May anniversaries

January • February • March • April • May • June • July • August • September • October • November • December

These are the selected anniversaries for May that appear on the United States portal.

The "edit" links edit the portal subpages that are displayed as sections here.
The layout design for these subpages is at Portal:United States/Anniversaries/Layout.

See also

Yearly "...in the United States" articles, such as 2024 in the United States.
United States history categories (Select [+] to view subcategories)

History of the United States

May 1

Portal:United States/Anniversaries/May/May 1

1886 – A nationwide general strike begins, which eventually wins the eight–hour workday in the United States. Most industrialized countries commemorate the day as May Day or Labor Day.
1931 – The Empire State Building (pictured) is dedicated in New York City.
1956 – The polio vaccine developed by Jonas Salk is made available to the public.
1960 – Francis Gary Powers, in a Lockheed U-2 spyplane, is shot down over the Soviet Union, America's Cold War rival, sparking off a diplomatic crisis.
1971 – Amtrak, the National Railroad Passenger Corporation, is formed to take over United States passenger rail service.

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May 2

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1670 – King Charles II of England grants a permanent charter to the Hudson's Bay Company to open up the fur trade in North America.
1885 – Good Housekeeping magazine goes on sale for the first time.
1918 – General Motors acquires the Chevrolet Motor Company of Delaware.
1920 – The first game of the Negro National League baseball is played in Indianapolis, Indiana.
1955 – Tennessee Williams (pictured) wins the Pulitzer Prize for Drama for Cat on a Hot Tin Roof.
2000 – Bill Clinton announces that accurate GPS access would no longer be restricted to the United States military.

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May 3

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1802 – Washington, D.C. is incorporated as a city.
1921 – West Virginia imposes the first state sales tax.
1933 – Nellie Tayloe Ross becomes the first woman to head the United States Mint.
1937 – Gone with the Wind, a novel by Margaret Mitchell (pictured), wins the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction.
1959 – The first Grammy Awards are announced.
1963 – The police force in Birmingham, Alabama switches tactics and responds with violent force to stop the "Birmingham campaign" protestors. Images of the violent suppression are transmitted worldwide, bringing newfound attention to the Civil Rights Movement.

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May 4

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1626 – Dutch explorer Peter Minuit arrives in New Netherland (present day Manhattan Island) aboard the ship See Meeuw.
1776 – Rhode Island becomes the first American colony to renounce allegiance to King George III of the United Kingdom.
1865 – Abraham Lincoln buried in Springfield, Illinois, three weeks after his assassination.
1904 – Construction begins by the United States on the Panama Canal.
1961 – The "Freedom Riders" (member pictured) begin a bus trip through the South.
1970 – The Ohio National Guard are sent to Kent State University after the ROTC building was burnt down, and subsequently open fire on students protesting at the American invasion of Cambodia. Four students are killed and nine are wounded.

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May 5

Portal:United States/Anniversaries/May/May 5

1809 – For her technique of weaving straw with silk and thread, Mary Kies becomes the first woman awarded a United States patent.
1865 – In North Bend, Ohio, a suburb of Cincinnati, the first train robbery in the United States takes place.
1893 – A crash on the New York Stock Exchange starts an economic depression.
1925 – John T. Scopes is served an arrest warrant for teaching evolution in violation of the Butler Act.
1961 – Alan Shepard (pictured) becomes the first American to travel into space, making a sub-orbital flight of 15 minutes as part of the Mercury-Redstone 3 mission.
1992 – The 27th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is ratified 203 years after its initial submission in 1789.

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May 6

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1877 – Chief Crazy Horse of the Oglala Sioux surrenders to United States troops in Nebraska.
1882 – Congress pass the Chinese Exclusion Act, which barred Chinese from immigrating to the United States.
1935 – Executive Order 7034 creates the New Deal era Works Progress Administration.
1937 – The German zeppelin Hindenburg (pictured) catches fire and is destroyed within a minute while attempting to dock at Lakehurst, New Jersey. Thirty-six people are killed.
1940 – John Steinbeck is awarded the Pulitzer Prize for his novel The Grapes of Wrath.
1981 – A jury of architects and sculptors unanimously selects Maya Ying Lin's design for the Vietnam Veterans Memorial from 1,421 other entries.

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May 7

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1846 – The Cambridge Chronicle, America's oldest surviving weekly newspaper, is published for the first time in Cambridge, Massachusetts
1847 – In Philadelphia, the American Medical Association (AMA) is founded.
1915 – A German submarine, SM U-20, sinks the RMS Lusitania, killing 1,198 people, including 128 Americans. The German policy of unrestricted submarine warfare contributed to the United States' entry into World War I.
1960 – Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev announces that his nation is holding American U-2 pilot Gary Powers (pictured).
1992 – Space Shuttle Endeavour is launched on its maiden voyage (STS-49).
1998 – Mercedes-Benz buys Chrysler for US$40 billion and forms DaimlerChrysler in the largest industrial merger in history.

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May 8

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1861 – Richmond, Virginia is named the capital of the Confederate States of America.
1877 – At Gilmore's Gardens in New York City, the first Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show opens.
1884 – Harry S. Truman (pictured), 33rd President of the United States, is born.
1886 – Pharmacist John Styth Pemberton first sells a carbonated beverage named "Coca-Cola" as a patent medicine.
1970 – The Hard Hat Riot occurs in the Wall Street area of New York City as blue-collar construction workers clash with demonstrators protesting the Vietnam War.
1973 – A 71-day standoff between federal authorities and the American Indian Movement members occupying the Pine Ridge Reservation at Wounded Knee, South Dakota ends with the surrender of the militants.

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May 9

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1868 – The city of Reno, Nevada (city landmark pictured), is founded.
1955 – Sam and Friends debuts on a local United States television channel, marking the first television appearance of both Jim Henson and what would become Kermit the Frog and The Muppets.
1960 – The FDA announces it will approve birth control as an additional indication for Searle's Enovid, making Enovid the world's first approved oral contraceptive pill.
1970 – In Washington, D.C., 75,000 to 100,000 protesters demonstrate in front of the White House against the Vietnam War.
1974 – The United States House of Representatives Judiciary Committee opens formal and public impeachment hearings against President Richard Nixon in regards to the Watergate Scandal.

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May 10

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1775 – Representatives from the Thirteen Colonies begin the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia.
1801 – The Barbary pirates of Tripoli declare war on the United States of America.
1872 – Victoria Woodhull becomes the first woman nominated for President of the United States.
1893 – The Supreme Court of the United States rules in Nix v. Hedden that a tomato (pictured) is a vegetable, not a fruit, under the Tariff Act of 1883.
1908 – Mother's Day is observed for the first time in the United States, in Grafton, West Virginia.
1954 – Bill Haley & His Comets release "Rock Around the Clock", the first rock and roll record to reach number one on the Billboard charts.

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May 11

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1647 – Peter Stuyvesant arrives in New Amsterdam to replace Willem Kieft as Director-General of New Netherland, the Dutch colonial settlement in present-day New York City.
1858 – Minnesota is admitted as the 32nd U.S. State.
1894 – The Pullman strike occurs. Four thousand Pullman Palace Car Company workers go on a wildcat strike in Illinois.
1910 – An act of the U.S. Congress establishes Glacier National Park (pictured) in Montana.
1927 – The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences is founded.

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May 12

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1932 – Ten weeks after his abduction Charles Jr., the infant son of Charles Lindbergh is found dead in Hopewell, New Jersey, just a few miles from the Lindberghs' home.
1955 – The last section of the Interborough Rapid Transit Company Third Avenue Elevated line in Manhattan closes.
1958 – A formal agreement is signed between the United States and Canada to create the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) (logo pictured).
1962 – Douglas MacArthur delivers his Duty, Honor, Country valedictory speech at the United States Military Academy.
2002 – Former US President Jimmy Carter arrives in Cuba for a five-day visit with Fidel Castro becoming the first President of the United States, in or out of office, to visit the island since Castro's 1959 revolution.

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May 13

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1780 – The Cumberland Compact is signed by leaders of the settlers in early Tennessee.
1846 – The United States declares war on Mexico.
1880 – In Menlo Park, New Jersey, Thomas Edison (pictured) performs the first test of his electric railway.
1939 – The first commercial FM radio station in the United States is launched in Bloomfield, Connecticut. The station later becomes WDRC-FM.
1958 – During a visit to Caracas, Venezuela, Vice President Richard Nixon's car is attacked by anti-American demonstrators.
1985 – Police storm MOVE headquarters in Philadelphia to end a stand-off, killing 11 MOVE members and destroying the homes of 250 city residents.

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May 14

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1607 – Jamestown, Virginia is settled as an English colony.
1804 – The Lewis and Clark Expedition departs from Camp Dubois and begin their historic journey by traveling up the Missouri River.
1913 – New York Governor William Sulzer approves the charter for the Rockefeller Foundation, which begins operations with a $100 million donation from John D. Rockefeller.
1961 – The Freedom Riders bus is fire-bombed near Anniston, Alabama, and the civil rights protesters are beaten by an angry mob.
1973 – Skylab (pictured), the United States' first space station, is launched. Its launch marked the last time a Saturn V rocket was used in spaceflight.
1998 – The finale of the long running sit-com Seinfeld airs on NBC, with 76 million viewers tuning in.

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May 15

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1776 – The Virginia Convention instructs its Continental Congress delegation to propose a resolution of independence from Great Britain, paving the way for the United States Declaration of Independence.
1817 – Opening of the first private mental health hospital in the United States, the Asylum for the Relief of Persons Deprived of the Use of Their Reason (now Friends Hospital) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1862 – President Abraham Lincoln signs a bill into law creating the United States Bureau of Agriculture (later renamed the United States Department of Agriculture, or USDA.)
1869 – In New York, Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton (both pictured) form the National Woman Suffrage Association.
1928 – Mickey Mouse premiers in his first cartoon, Plane Crazy.
1970 – President Richard Nixon appoints Anna Mae Hays and Elizabeth P. Hoisington the first female United States Army Generals.

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May 16

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1843 – The first major wagon train heading for the Pacific Northwest sets out on the Oregon Trail with one thousand pioneers from Elm Grove, Missouri.
1866 – The U.S. Congress eliminates the half dime coin and replaces it with the five cent piece, or nickel.
1868 – President Andrew Johnson is acquitted in his impeachment trial by one vote in the United States Senate.
1910 – Congress authorizes the creation of the United States Bureau of Mines (seal pictured).
1918 – The Sedition Act of 1918 is passed by the U.S. Congress, making criticism of the government an imprisonable offense.
1991 – Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom addressed a joint session of the United States Congress. She is the first British monarch to address the U.S. Congress.

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May 17

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1775 – The Continental Congress bans trade with British colony of Canada.
1792 – The New York Stock Exchange is formed.
1873 – El Paso, Texas is established by charter from the Texas Legislature.
1943 – The United States Army contracts with the University of Pennsylvania's Moore School to develop ENIAC (pictured), the first general-purpose electronic computer.
1954 – The United States Supreme Court hands down a unanimous decision in Brown v. Board of Education, which declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional.
2004 – Massachusetts becomes the first United States state to legalize same-sex marriage.

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May 18

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1631 – In Dorchester, Massachusetts, John Winthrop takes the oath of office and becomes the first Governor of Massachusetts.
1652 – Rhode Island passes the first law in North America making slavery illegal.
1869 – The Public Credit Act is passed by Ulysses S. Grant, one of his first actions as President of the United States. The Act endorsed the payment of the national debt after the American Civil War in gold currency instead of greenbacks.
1896 – The United States Supreme Court rules in Plessy v. Ferguson that the "separate but equal" doctrine is constitutional.
1933 – President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs an act creating the Tennessee Valley Authority.
1980 – Mount St. Helens erupts (pictured) in Washington, United States, killing 57 people and causing $3 billion in damage.

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May 19

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1749 – King George II of Great Britain grants the Ohio Company a charter of land around the forks of the Ohio River.
1828 – President John Quincy Adams signs the Tariff of 1828 into law, protecting wool manufacturers in the United States.
1848 – Mexico ratifies the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thus ending the Mexican–American War and ceding California, Nevada, Utah and parts of five other modern-day states to the United States for US$15 million (prewar map pictured).
1921 – The Congress passes the Emergency Quota Act, establishing national quotas on immigration.
1962 – A birthday salute to President John F. Kennedy takes place at Madison Square Garden, New York. The highlight is Marilyn Monroe's infamous rendition of Happy Birthday.

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May 20

Portal:United States/Anniversaries/May/May 20

Today is Emancipation Day in the state of Florida.

1862 – President Abraham Lincoln signs the Homestead Act into law.
1873 – Levi Strauss and Jacob Davis receive a U.S. patent for blue jeans with copper rivets.
1927 – At 07:52 Charles Lindbergh (pictured) takes off from Roosevelt Field in Long Island, New York, on the world's first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean, touching down at Le Bourget Field in Paris at 22:22 the next day.
1932 – Amelia Earhart takes off from Newfoundland to begin the world's first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean by a female pilot, landing in Ireland the next day.
1996 – The Supreme Court of the United States rules in Romer v. Evans against an amendment to the Colorado state constitution that prevented protected status from being given to homosexuals or bisexuals.

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May 21

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1881 – The American Red Cross (logo pictured) is established by Clara Barton.
1934 – Oskaloosa, Iowa, becomes the first municipality in the United States to fingerprint each of its citizens.
1863 – The Seventh-day Adventist Church is organized in Battle Creek, Michigan.
1956 – In the Pacific Ocean, Bikini Atoll is nearly obliterated by the first airborne explosion of a hydrogen bomb.
1961 – Alabama Governor John Malcolm Patterson declares martial law in an attempt to restore order after race riots break out as part of the civil rights movement.
1979 – In San Francisco the White Night riots break out following the manslaughter conviction of Dan White for the assassinations of George Moscone and Harvey Milk.

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May 22

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1807 – A grand jury indicts former Vice President Aaron Burr (pictured) on a charge of treason.
1819 – The SS Savannah leaves port at Savannah, Georgia, United States, on a voyage to become the first steamship to cross the Atlantic Ocean. The ship arrived at Liverpool, England on June 20.
1906 – The Wright brothers are granted U.S. patent number 821,393 for their "Flying-Machine".
1915 – Lassen Peak erupts, it is the only mountain to other than Mount St. Helens to erupt in the continental United States during the 20th century.
1947 – In an effort to fight the spread of Communism, President Harry S. Truman signs an act into law that will later be called the Truman Doctrine. The act grants $400 million in military and economic aid to Turkey and Greece.
1967 – Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, the longest running children's series on U.S. television, airs its first episode.

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May 23

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1863 – The Seventh-day Adventist Church is organized in Battle Creek, Michigan.
1900 – American Civil War soldier Sergeant William Harvey Carney becomes the first African American to be awarded the Medal of Honor, for his heroism in the Assault on the Battery Wagner in 1863.
1911 – The New York Public Library is dedicated.
1929 – The first talking cartoon of Mickey Mouse, The Karnival Kid, was released.
1934 – American bank robbers Bonnie and Clyde (pictured) were ambushed by police and killed in Black Lake, Louisiana.
1934 – The Auto-Lite strike culminated in the "Battle of Toledo," a five-day melee between 1,300 troops of the Ohio National Guard and 6,000 picketers.

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May 24

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1626 – Peter Minuit purchases the island of Manhattan from Native Americans.
1830 – The nursery rhyme Mary Had a Little Lamb, penned by Sarah Josepha Hale, is published.
1844 – Samuel Morse (pictured) sends the message "What hath God wrought" (a biblical quotation, Numbers 23:23) from the Old Supreme Court Chamber in the United States Capitol to his assistant, Alfred Vail, in Baltimore, Maryland to inaugurate the first telegraph line.
1941 – Bob Dylan, the singer-songwriter whose music became anthems for the American civil rights and anti-war movements, was born.
1962 – As part of Project Mercury, astronaut Scott Carpenter orbits the Earth three times in the Aurora 7 space capsule.
1976 – The Judgment of Paris takes place in France, launching California as a worldwide force in the production of quality wine.

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May 25

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1738 – A treaty between Pennsylvania and Maryland ends the Conojocular War with settlement of a boundary dispute and exchange of prisoners.
1803 – Ralph Waldo Emerson, philosopher, lecturer, essayist, poet, champion of individualism, and leader of the Transcendentalist movement, is born.
1925 – John T. Scopes (pictured) is indicted for teaching Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, beginning the Scopes Trial.
1961 – President John F. Kennedy announces before a special joint session of the Congress his goal to initiate a project to put a "man on the Moon" before the end of the decade.
1977 – Star Wars (retitled Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope in 1981) is released in theaters.

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May 26

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1647 – Alse Young, is hung in Hartford, Connecticut, becoming the first person executed for witchcraft in the American colonies.
1830 – The Indian Removal Act is passed by Congress; It is signed into law by President Andrew Jackson two days later.
1868 – The impeachment trial of President Andrew Johnson ends with Johnson being found not guilty by a one vote margin.
1896 – Charles Dow publishes the first edition of the Dow Jones Industrial Average.
1938 – The House Un-American Activities Committee begins its first session.
1948 – The U.S. Congress passes Public Law 557, which permanently establishes the Civil Air Patrol (seal pictured) as an auxiliary of the United States Air Force.

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May 27

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1923 – Henry Kissinger, Secretary of State under Presidents Nixon and Ford and one of the chief architects of United States foreign policy during the Cold War, was born.
1927 – The Ford Motor Company ceases manufacture of the Ford Model T and begins to retool plants to make the Ford Model A.
1930 – The 1,046 feet (319 m) Chrysler Building in New York City, the tallest man-made structure at the time, opens to the public.
1933 – The Century of Progress World's Fair (poster pictured) opens in Chicago, Illinois.
1967 – The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS John F. Kennedy is launched by Jacqueline Kennedy and her daughter Caroline.

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May 28

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1754 – In the first engagement of the French and Indian War, the Virginia militia, under 22-year-old Lieutenant Colonel George Washington, defeat a French reconnaissance party in the Battle of Jumonville Glen in what is now Fayette County in southwestern Pennsylvania.
1863 – The 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, the first African American regiment in the American Civil War, leaves Boston, Massachusetts, to fight for the Union.
1888 – Jim Thorpe (also known as Wa-Tho-Huk), considered one of the most versatile athletes in modern history, was born. Thorpe won Olympic gold medals for the pentathlon and decathlon and played professional American football, baseball, and basketball.
1892 – In San Francisco, California, John Muir organizes the Sierra Club.
2002 – NASA's Mars Odyssey robotic spacecraft finds signs of large ice deposits on the planet Mars (mission patch pictured).

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May 29

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1736 – Patrick Henry, first and sixth Governor of Virginia, Founding Father, and orator remembered most for his "Give me Liberty, or give me Death!" speech, was born.
1917 – John F. Kennedy (pictured), 35th President of the United States and Pulitzer Prize winner, was born.
1932 – World War I veterans begin to assemble in Washington, D.C., forming what would be called the Bonus Army, to demand immediate cash-payment redemption of their service certificates. The movement would be violently dispersed just under two months later.
1942 – Bing Crosby, the Ken Darby Singers and the John Scott Trotter Orchestra record Irving Berlin's "White Christmas", the best-selling Christmas single in history, for Decca Records in Los Angeles.
1999 – Space Shuttle Discovery completes the first docking with the International Space Station.
2004 – The World War II Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C.

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May 30

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1539 – In Florida, Hernando de Soto lands at Tampa Bay with 600 soldiers with the goal of finding gold.
1879 – New York City's Gilmores Garden is renamed Madison Square Garden by William Henry Vanderbilt and is opened to the public.
1922 – In Washington, D.C., the Lincoln Memorial is officially dedicated.
1948 – A dike along the flooding Columbia River breaks, obliterating Vanport, Oregon within minutes. Fifteen people die and tens of thousands are left homeless.
1958 – The remains of two unidentified American servicemen, one killed in action during World War II and the other in the Korean War, are buried at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (pictured) in Arlington National Cemetery.

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May 31

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1790 – The United States enacts its first copyright statute, the Copyright Act of 1790.
1909 – The National Negro Committee, forerunner to the NAACP, convenes for the first time.
1918 – Poet, essayist, and journalist Walt Whitman (pictured) is born. Often called the father of free verse, Whitman ranks among the most influential poets in the American canon.
1921 – The Tulsa Race Riot breaks out in Tulsa, Oklahoma.
1971 – In accordance with the Uniform Monday Holiday Act passed by Congress in 1968, observation of Memorial Day occurs on the last Monday in May for the first time, rather than on the previously fixed date of May 30.
1977 – The Trans-Alaska Pipeline System completed.

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June

edit

United States June anniversaries

January • February • March • April • May • June • July • August • September • October • November • December

These are the selected anniversaries for June that appear on the United States portal.

The "edit" links edit the portal subpages that are displayed as sections here.
The layout design for these subpages is at Portal:United States/Anniversaries/Layout.

See also

Yearly "...in the United States" articles, such as 2024 in the United States.
United States history categories (Select [+] to view subcategories)

History of the United States

June 1

Portal:United States/Anniversaries/June/June 1

1792 – Kentucky is admitted as the 15th state of the United States.
1796 – Tennessee is admitted as the 16th U.S. state.
1812 – President James Madison asks Congress to declare war on the United Kingdom.
1868 – The Treaty of Bosque Redondo is signed, allowing the Navajo people to return to their lands in Arizona and New Mexico.
1926 – Marilyn Monroe (pictured), actress, singer, model, pop culture icon, eminent sex symbol, and reported mistress of President John F. Kennedy, is born.
1990 – George H. W. Bush and Mikhail Gorbachev sign a treaty to end chemical weapon production.

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June 2

Portal:United States/Anniversaries/June/June 2

1855 – The Portland Rum Riot, which broke out in response to an 1851 law that outlawed the manufacture and sale of alcohol in the state of Maine, broke out.
1886 – President Grover Cleveland marries Frances Folsom in the White House, becoming the only president to wed in the executive mansion (pictured).
1924 – President Calvin Coolidge signs Indian Citizenship Act into law, granting citizenship to all Native Americans born within the territorial limits of the United States.
1966 – Surveyor 1 lands in Oceanus Procellarum on the Moon, becoming the first U.S. spacecraft to soft land on another world.
1997 – In Denver, Colorado, Timothy McVeigh is convicted on 15 counts of murder and conspiracy for his role in the 1995 terrorist bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
2004 – Ken Jennings begins his 74 game winning streak on the syndicated game show Jeopardy!.

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June 3

Portal:United States/Anniversaries/June/June 3

1539 – Hernando de Soto claims Florida for Spain.
1808 – Jefferson Davis (pictured), the first and only President of the Confederate States of America, was born.
1889 – The first long distance electric power transmission line in the United States is completed, running 14 miles between a generator at Willamette Falls and downtown Portland, Oregon.
1916 – The National Defense Act is signed into law, increasing the size of the United States National Guard by 450,000 men.
1943 – In Los Angeles, California, white U.S. Navy sailors and Marines clash with Latino youths in the Zoot Suit Riots.
1968 – Valerie Solanas, author of SCUM Manifesto, attempts to assassinate artist Andy Warhol by shooting him three times.

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June 4

Portal:United States/Anniversaries/June/June 4

1792 – Captain George Vancouver claims Puget Sound for Great Britain. Roanoke Colony and its colonists would have a difficult history, and would eventually disappear, never to be conclusively relocated.
1912 – Massachusetts becomes the first state of the United States to set a minimum wage.
1919 – Congress approves the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which guaranteed suffrage to women, and sends it to the states for ratification.
1939 – The SS St. Louis, a ship carrying 963 Jewish refugees, is denied permission to land in Florida, after already having been turned away from Cuba. Forced to return to Europe, many of its passengers later died in Nazi concentration camps.
1942 – The Battle of Midway begins when Japanese Admiral Chuichi Nagumo orders a strike on Midway Atoll (pictured) with much of the Imperial Japanese Navy.
1973 – A patent for the automated teller machine is granted to Don Wetzel, Tom Barnes and George Chastain.

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June 5

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1947 – At a speech at Harvard University, United States Secretary of State George Marshall calls for economic aid to war–torn Europe.
1956 – Elvis Presley introduces his new single, "Hound Dog", on The Milton Berle Show, scandalizing the audience with his suggestive hip movements.
1968 – Presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy is shot at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles, California by Palestinian Sirhan Sirhan. Kennedy dies the next day.
1977 – The Apple II (pictured), the first practical personal computer, goes on sale.
1981 – In what later turns out to be the first recognized cases of AIDS, the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that five homosexual men in Los Angeles, California have developed a rare form of pneumonia seen only in patients with weakened immune systems.

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June 6

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1889 – The Great Seattle Fire destroys the entirety of downtown Seattle, Washington.
1894 – Governor Davis H. Waite orders the Colorado state militia to protect and support the miners engaged in the Cripple Creek miners' strike.
1925 – The Chrysler Corporation is founded by Walter Percy Chrysler.
1932 – The Revenue Act of 1932 is enacted, creating the first gas tax in the United States, at a rate of 1 cent per gallon sold.
1934 – President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Securities Act of 1933 into law, establishing the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
2005 – The Supreme Court rules in Gonzales v. Raich that Congress may criminalize the production and use of marijuana even where states approve its use for medicinal purposes (pictured).

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June 7

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1776 – Richard Henry Lee presents the "Lee Resolution" to the Continental Congress. The motion is seconded by John Adams and leads to the Declaration of Independence.
1862 – The United States and Britain agree to suppress the slave trade.
1942 – Japanese soldiers occupy the American islands of Attu and Kiska in the Aleutian Islands chain off of Alaska as part of an effort by the Axis powers to expand their defensive perimeter.
1965 – The Supreme Court rules in Griswold v. Connecticut that laws prohibiting the use of contraception by married couples are unconstitutional.
1971 – The Supreme Court overturns the conviction of Paul Cohen for disturbing the peace, setting the precedent that vulgar writing is protected under the First Amendment.
1982 – Priscilla Presley opens Graceland (interior pictured), Elvis Presley's estate in Memphis, Tennessee, to the public.

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June 8

Portal:United States/Anniversaries/June/June 8

A commemorative cover for the U.S.S Barbero Missile Mail launch.

1906 – Theodore Roosevelt signs the Antiquities Act into law, authorizing the President to restrict the use of certain parcels of public land with historical or conservation value.
1949 – Celebrities Helen Keller, Dorothy Parker, Danny Kaye, Fredric March, John Garfield, Paul Muni and Edward G. Robinson are named in an FBI report as Communist Party members.
1959 – The USS Barbero and United States Postal Service attempt the delivery of mail via Missile Mail (pictured).
1968 – The body of assassinated Senator Robert F. Kennedy is laid to rest at Arlington National Cemetery.
1972 – Associated Press photographer Nick Ut takes his Pulitzer Prize-winning photo of a naked 9-year-old Phan Thị Kim Phúc running down a road after being burned by napalm. The photograph would become one of the most iconic images of the Vietnam War.
1995 – Downed U.S. Air Force pilot Captain Scott O'Grady is rescued by U.S. Marines in Bosnia.

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June 9

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1856 – Five hundred Mormons, latter called the Mormon handcart pioneers, leave Iowa City, Iowa and head west for Salt Lake City, carrying all their possessions in two-wheeled handcarts.
1862 – American Civil War Confederate general Stonewall Jackson concludes his successful Shenandoah Valley Campaign with a victory in the Battle of Port Republic; his tactics during the campaign are now studied by militaries around the world.
1916 – Robert McNamara (pictured), who as Secretary of Defense under Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson played a pivotal role in both the escalation of the Vietnam War and the deescalation of the Cuban Missile Crisis, was born.
1954 – Joseph Welch, special counsel for the United States Army, lashes out at Senator Joseph McCarthy during hearings on whether Communism has infiltrated the Army giving McCarthy the famous rebuke, "You've done enough. Have you no sense of decency, sir, at long last? Have you left no sense of decency?". The rebuke is considered the symbolic end of McCarthyism.

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June 10

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1805 – Yusuf Karamanli signs a treaty ending the hostilities between Tripolitania and the United States.
1898 – American Marines land on the island of Cuba as part of the Spanish–American War.
1928 – Maurice Sendak, best known as the author of the book Where the Wild Things Are, is born.
1935 – Dr. Robert Smith and Bill Wilson found Alcoholics Anonymous in Akron, Ohio.
1944 – In baseball, 15-year old Joe Nuxhall (pictured) of the Cincinnati Reds becomes the youngest player ever to play in a major-league game.
2003 – The Spirit Rover is launched, beginning NASA's Mars Exploration Rover mission. It would land on Mars in January of 2004 and operate though 2010, despite only being expected to operate for 90 days.

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June 11

Portal:United States/Anniversaries/June/June 11

1776 – The Continental Congress appoints Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, and Robert R. Livingston to the Committee of Five to draft a declaration of independence.
1837 – The Broad Street Riot occurs in Boston, fueled by ethnic tensions between Yankees and Irish.
1935 – Inventor Edwin Armstrong gives the first public demonstration of FM broadcasting in the United States at Alpine, New Jersey.
1944 – USS Missouri (BB-63) the last battleship built by the United States Navy and future site of the signing of the Japanese Instrument of Surrender, is commissioned.
1963 – Alabama Governor George Wallace stands at the door of Foster Auditorium at the University of Alabama in an attempt to block two black students, Vivian Malone and James Hood, from attending that school (pictured). Later in the day, accompanied by federalized National Guard troops, they are able to register.

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June 12

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Reagan's speech at Brandenburg Gate.

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1963 – Civil rights leader Medgar Evers is shot dead in front of his home in Jackson, Mississippi by Ku Klux Klan member Byron De La Beckwith.
1967 – The United States Supreme Court in Loving v. Virginia declares all U.S. state laws which prohibit interracial marriage to be unconstitutional.
1987 – President Ronald Reagan delivers his famous speech (full speech included) at Brandenburg Gate challenging Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev to tear down the Berlin Wall.
1991 – Michael Jordan and the Chicago Bulls win their first NBA Championship.
1994 – Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman are murdered outside Simpson's home in Los Angeles, California. O.J. Simpson is later acquitted of the killings, but is held liable in a civil suit.

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June 13

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1777 – Marquis de Lafayette lands near Charleston, South Carolina, in order to help the Continental Congress to train its army for combat in the American Revolutionary War.
1893 – Grover Cleveland undergoes secret, successful surgery to remove a large, cancerous portion of his jaw; an operation not revealed to US public until 1917, nine years after the president's death.
1966 – The United States Supreme Court rules in Miranda v. Arizona that the police must inform suspects of their rights before questioning them.
1967 – U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson nominates Solicitor-General Thurgood Marshall (pictured) to become the first black justice on the U.S. Supreme Court.
1994 – A jury in Anchorage, Alaska, blames recklessness by Exxon and Captain Joseph Hazelwood for the Exxon Valdez disaster, allowing victims of the oil spill to seek $15 billion in damages.

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June 14

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1775 – The Continental Army is established by the Continental Congress, marking the birth of the United States Army.
1777 – The Stars and Stripes is adopted by Congress as the Flag of the United States.
1811 – Harriet Beecher Stowe (pictured), author and abolitionist most famous for writing the novel Uncle Tom's Cabin, was born.
1900 – Hawaii becomes a United States territory.
1938 – Action Comics issue one is released, introducing Superman.
1954 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs a bill into law that places the words "under God" into the Pledge of Allegiance.

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June 15

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1752 – Benjamin Franklin proves that lightning is electricity.
1836 – Arkansas is admitted as the 25th U.S. state.
1844 – Charles Goodyear receives a patent for vulcanization, a process to strengthen rubber.
1846 – The Oregon Treaty establishes the 49th parallel as the border (pictured) between the United States and Canada, from the Rocky Mountains to the Strait of Juan de Fuca.
1864 – Arlington National Cemetery is established when 200 acres (0.81 km²) around Arlington Mansion, formerly owned by Confederate General Robert E. Lee, are officially set aside as a military cemetery by U.S. Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton.
1916 – U.S. President Woodrow Wilson signs a bill incorporating the Boy Scouts of America, making them the only American youth organization with a federal charter.

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June 16

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1858 – Abraham Lincoln (pictured) delivers his House Divided speech in Springfield, Illinois.
1897 – A treaty annexing the Republic of Hawaii to the United States is signed; the Republic would not be dissolved until a year later.
1903 – The Ford Motor Company is incorporated.
1911 – A 772 gram stony meteorite strikes the earth near Kilbourn, Columbia County, Wisconsin damaging a barn.
1977 – Oracle Corporation is incorporated in Redwood Shores, California, as Software Development Laboratories (SDL) by Larry Ellison, Bob Miner and Ed Oates.

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June 17

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1876 – In the Battle of the Rosebud (pictured), 1,500 Sioux and Cheyenne Native Americans led by Crazy Horse beat back General George Crook's forces at Rosebud Creek in Montana Territory.
1898 – The United States Navy Hospital Corps is established.
1930 – U.S. President Herbert Hoover signs the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act into law. The act would later be viewed as one of the most disastrous bills in American history, unnecessarily prolonging and worsening the Great Depression.
1963 – The United States Supreme Court rules 8 to 1 in Abington School District v. Schempp against allowing the reciting of Bible verses and the Lord's Prayer in public schools.
1972 – Five White House operatives are arrested for burglarizing the offices of the Democratic National Committee, in an attempt by some members of the Republican party to illegally wiretap the opposition. The Watergate scandal would eventually lead to the resignation of President Richard Nixon.

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June 18

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1812 – The U.S. Congress declares war on the United Kingdom, beginning the War of 1812.
1873 – Susan B. Anthony is fined $100 for attempting to vote in the 1872 presidential election.
1923 – Checker Taxi puts its first taxi on the streets.
1979 – The SALT II treaty is signed by the United States and the Soviet Union. It is the first nuclear arms treaty which produced real reductions in weapon and delivery mechanism stocks by both parties.
1981 – A disease cluster, which will later be known as AIDS, is recognized by medical professionals in San Francisco, California.
1983 – Astronaut Sally Ride (pictured), a crew member in the STS-7 shuttle mission, becomes the first American woman in space.

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June 19

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1846 – The first officially recorded, organized baseball match, played under Alexander Cartwright's rules, takes place in Hoboken, New Jersey.
1862 – Congress prohibits slavery in the American territories, nullifying the Dred Scott Case.
1870 – After all of the Southern States are formally readmitted to the United States of America, the Confederate States of America ceases to exist.
1910 – The first Father's Day is celebrated in Spokane, Washington.
1934 – The Communications Act of 1934 establishes the Federal Communications Commission (seal pictured).
1978 – Garfield appears in his first comic strip.

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June 20

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The original seal die for the Great Seal of the United States

1782 – Congress adopts the Great Seal of the United States (original seal die pictured).
1819 – The U.S. vessel SS Savannah arrives at Liverpool, United Kingdom. She is the first steam-propelled vessel to cross the Atlantic, although most of the journey is made under sail.
1840 – Samuel Morse receives the patent for the telegraph.
1863 – West Virginia is admitted as the 35th U.S. state.
1963 – The so-called "red telephone" is established between the Soviet Union and the United States following the Cuban Missile Crisis.
2003 – The WikiMedia Foundation is founded in St. Petersburg, Florida.

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June 21

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[[Image:{{{image}}}|130px|SpaceShipOne in flight.]]

1898 – The United States captures Guam from Spain.
1942 – A Japanese submarine surfaces near the Columbia River in Oregon, firing 17 shells at nearby Fort Stevens in one of only a handful of attacks by the Japanese against the United States mainland during World War II.
1948 – Columbia Records introduces the long-playing record album (LP) in a public demonstration at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York City.
1964 – Three civil rights workers, Andrew Goodman, James Chaney and Mickey Schwerner, are murdered in Neshoba County, Mississippi, United States, by members of the Ku Klux Klan.
1973 – In handing down the decision in Miller v. California, the Supreme Court establishes the Miller Test for obscenity in U.S. law.
2004 – SpaceShipOne (pictured) becomes the first privately funded spaceplane to achieve spaceflight.

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June 22

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HMS Leopard (right) fires upon the USS Chesapeake

1807 – In the Chesapeake–Leopard Affair (pictured), the British warship HMS Leopard attacks and boards the American frigate USS Chesapeake.
1825 – The British Parliament abolishes feudalism and the seigneurial system in British North America.
1944 – President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs into law the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, commonly known as the G.I. Bill.
1945 – The Battle of Okinawa, the largest amphibious assault in the Pacific War of World War II, ends when organized resistance of Imperial Japanese Army forces collapses in the Mabuni area on the southern tip of the main island. Over 12,000 American and British servicemen would die over the 82 day long battle, including commanding Lt. General Simon B. Buckner.
1969 – The Cuyahoga River catches fire, which spurs an avalanche of water pollution control activities and results in the Clean Water Act, the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, and the creation of the federal Environmental Protection Agency and the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency.

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June 23

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1812 – Great Britain revokes the restrictions on American commerce, thus eliminating one of the chief reasons behind the War of 1812.
1860 – Congress establishes the Government Printing Office.
1868 – Christopher Latham Sholes receives a patent for the Typewriter.
1938 – The Civil Aeronautics Act is signed into law, forming the Civil Aeronautics Authority in the United States.
1967 – President Lyndon B. Johnson meets with Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin in Glassboro, New Jersey for the three-day Glassboro Summit Conference (pictured).
1972 – U.S. President Richard M. Nixon and White House Chief of Staff H. R. Haldeman are taped talking about using the Central Intelligence Agency to obstruct the Federal Bureau of Investigation's investigation into the Watergate break-ins.

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June 24

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1916 – Mary Pickford (pictured) becomes the first female film star to sign a million dollar contract.
1664 – The colony of New Jersey is founded.
1947 – Kenneth Arnold makes the first widely reported UFO sighting near Mount Rainier, Washington.
1949 – The first Television Western, Hopalong Cassidy, is aired on NBC starring William Boyd.
1957 – In Roth v. United States, the U.S. Supreme Court rules that obscenity is not protected by the First Amendment.
2010 – John Isner of the United States defeats Nicolas Mahut of France at Wimbledon, in the longest match in professional tennis history.

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June 25

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1788 – Virginia becomes the 10th state to ratify the United States Constitution.
1876 – The Battle of the Little Bighorn (pictured), also known as Custer's Last Stand, takes place.
1950 – The Korean War begins with the invasion of South Korea by North Korea. The United States, as authorized by UN Resolution 84, provides extensive military assistance to the South. Although combat has ceased between North and South Korea, the war has not officially ended, and the United States still maintains troops to defend the Southern side of the Korean Demilitarized Zone.
1976 – Missouri Governor Kit Bond issues an executive order rescinding the Extermination Order, formally apologizing on behalf of the state of Missouri for the suffering it had caused to the members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints.
1998 – In Clinton v. City of New York, the United States Supreme Court decides that the Line Item Veto Act of 1996 is unconstitutional.

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June 26

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1870 – The Christian holiday of Christmas is declared a federal holiday in the United States.
1892 – Pearl S. Buck (pictured), humanitarian and author whose bestselling Pulitzer Prize and Nobel Prize in Literature winning novel The Good Earth created popular American sympathy for China, is born.
1917 – The first U.S. troops arrive in France to fight alongside Britain, France, Italy, and Russia against Germany and Austria-Hungary in World War I.
1934 – President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Federal Credit Union Act, which establishes credit unions.
1974 – The Universal Product Code is scanned for the first time to sell a package of Wrigley's chewing gum at the Marsh Supermarket in Troy, Ohio
2003 – The U.S. Supreme Court rules in Lawrence v. Texas that gender-based sodomy laws are unconstitutional.

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June 27

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1844 – Joseph Smith, Jr., founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, and his brother Hyrum Smith, are murdered by a mob at the Carthage, Illinois jail.
1895 – Baltimore and Ohio Railroad's Royal Blue, the first U.S. passenger train to use electrified rail, makes its inaugural run traveling from Washington, D.C. to New York City.
1923 – Capt. Lowell H. Smith and Lt. John P. Richter perform the first ever aerial refueling in a DH-4B biplane.
1982 – Space Shuttle Columbia launched from the Kennedy Space Center on the final research and development flight mission, STS-4.
1985 – U.S. Route 66 (pictured) ceases to be an official U.S. highway.
1986 – The International Court of Justice finds against the United States in its judgement in Nicaragua v. United States.

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June 28

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1894 – Labor Day becomes an official US holiday.
1964 – Malcolm X (pictured) forms the Organization of Afro-American Unity.
1902 – Congress passes the Spooner Act, authorizing President Theodore Roosevelt to acquire rights from Colombia for the Panama Canal.
1978 – The United States Supreme Court, in Regents of the University of California v. Bakke bars quota systems in college admissions.
2004 – Sovereign power is handed to the interim government of Iraq by the Coalition Provisional Authority, ending the American–led rule of that nation.
2005 – A final design for Manhattan's Freedom Tower is formally unveiled.

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June 29

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1889 – Hyde Park and several other Illinois townships vote to be annexed by Chicago, forming the largest city in area and second largest in population in the United States.
1956 – The Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 is signed, officially creating the United States Interstate Highway System (original routes pictured).
1972 – The U.S. Supreme Court rules in the case Furman v. Georgia that arbitrary and inconsistent imposition of the death penalty violates the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments, and constitutes cruel and unusual punishment.
1995 – During the mission STS-71, Space Shuttle Atlantis docks with the Russian space station Mir for the first time.
2006 – The Supreme Court rules in Hamdan v. Rumsfeld that President George W. Bush's plan to try Guantanamo Bay detainees in military tribunals violates U.S. and international law.
2007 – Apple Inc. releases the iPhone.

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June 30

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1805 – The U.S. Congress organizes Michigan Territory.
1864 – U.S. President Abraham Lincoln grants Yosemite Valley (pictured) to California for "public use, resort and recreation."
1882 – Charles Guiteau hanged in Washington, DC for the shooting death of President James Garfield.
1906 – The United States Congress passes the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act.
1921 – U.S. President Warren G. Harding appoints former President William Howard Taft to be Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court.
1971 – Ohio ratifies the 26th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, lowering the voting age to 18, thereby putting the amendment into effect.

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July

edit

United States July anniversaries

January • February • March • April • May • June • July • August • September • October • November • December

These are the selected anniversaries for July that appear on the United States portal.

The "edit" links edit the portal subpages that are displayed as sections here.
The layout design for these subpages is at Portal:United States/Anniversaries/Layout.

See also

Yearly "...in the United States" articles, such as 2024 in the United States.
United States history categories (Select [+] to view subcategories)

History of the United States

July 1

Portal:United States/Anniversaries/July/July 1

1863 – The Battle of Gettysburg, one of the most famous battles of the Civil War, begins.
1870 – The Department of Justice (seal pictured) formally comes into existence.
1879 – Charles Taze Russell publishes the first edition of the religious magazine The Watchtower.
1892 – The Homestead strike, a strike by the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers against the Carnegie Steel Company, begins.
1984 – The PG–13 rating is introduced by the MPAA.
1987 – Radio station WFAN in New York City is launched as the world's first all-sports radio station.

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July 2

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1777 – Vermont becomes the first American territory to abolish slavery.
1839 – Twenty miles off the coast of Cuba, 53 rebelling African slaves led by Joseph Cinqué (pictured) take over the slave ship Amistad. After the ship was captured in American waters, the Supreme Court would rule that the Africans mutinied to regain their freedom after being kidnapped and sold illegally.
1881 – Charles J. Guiteau shoots and fatally wounds President James Garfield, who would eventually die from an infection on September 19.
1890 – Congress passes the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.
1937 – Amelia Earhart and navigator Fred Noonan are last heard from over the Pacific Ocean while attempting to make the first equatorial round-the-world flight.
1964 – President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964, meant to prohibit segregation in public places.

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July 3

Portal:United States/Anniversaries/July/July 3

1775 – George Washington takes command of the Continental Army at Cambridge, Massachusetts.
1852 – Congress establishes the United States's second mint in San Francisco, California.
1878 – George M. Cohan (pictured), considered the father of American musical comedy and known in the decade before World War I as "the man who owned Broadway", was born.
1884 – Dow Jones and Company publishes its first stock average.
1890 – Idaho is admitted as the 43rd U.S. state.
1952 – Puerto Rico's Constitution is approved by the United States Congress.

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July 4

Portal:United States/Anniversaries/July/July 4

Today is Independence Day in the United States.

1776 – The Second Continental Congress declares itself free of British rule with the publishing of the Declaration of Independence (pictured).
1802 – At West Point, New York the United States Military Academy opens.
1804 – Nathaniel Hawthorne, author of The Scarlet Letter, is born.
1939 – Lou Gehrig, recently diagnosed with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, tells a crowd at Yankee Stadium that he considered himself "The luckiest man on the face of the earth" as he announces his retirement from major league baseball.
1966 – President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Freedom of Information Act into law.

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July 5

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1935 – The National Labor Relations Act, which governs labor relations in the United States, is signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
1937 – Spam (pictured), the canned luncheon meat, is introduced into the market by the Hormel Foods Corporation.
1954 – Elvis Presley has his first commercial recording session. He sang That's All Right (Mama) and Blue Moon of Kentucky.
1971 – The Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, lowering the voting age from 21 to 18 years, is formally certified by President Richard Nixon.
1989 – Oliver North is sentenced by U.S. District Judge Gerhard A. Gesell to a three-year suspended prison term, two years probation, $150,000 in fines and 1,200 hours community service for his role in the Iran–Contra affair.

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July 6

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1785 – The dollar is chosen as the monetary unit for the United States.
1887 – David Kalakaua (pictured), monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii, is forced at gunpoint to sign the 1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii, which supposedly set up a constitutional monarchy but in reality transferred most power to American and European elites.
1892 – 3,800 striking steelworkers engage in a day-long battle with Pinkerton agents during the Homestead Strike, leaving 10 dead and dozens wounded.
1933 – The first Major League Baseball All-Star Game is played in Chicago's Comiskey Park. The American League defeats the National League, 4 to 2.
1986 – Davis Phinney became the first American cyclist to win a road stage of the Tour de France.

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July 7

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1798 – Congress rescinds treaties with France sparking the "Quasi-War".
1863 – United States begins its first military draft; exemptions cost $300.
1898 – President William McKinley signs the Newlands Resolution, annexing Hawaii as a territory of the United States.
1928 – Sliced bread (pictured) is sold for the first time by the Chillicothe Baking Company of Chillicothe, Missouri.
1930 – Industrialist Henry J. Kaiser begins construction of the Boulder Dam (now known as Hoover Dam).
1952 – The ocean liner SS United States passes Bishop's Rock on her maiden voyage, breaking the transatlantic speed record to become the fastest passenger ship in the world.
1958 – President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs the Alaska Statehood Act into law.

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July 8

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1839 – Industrialist and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller (pictured) is born.
1889 – The first issue of the Wall Street Journal is published.
1932 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average reaches its lowest level of the Great Depression, bottoming out at 41.22.
1947 – Reports are broadcast that an Unidentified flying object crash landed in Roswell, New Mexico.
1948 – The United States Air Force accepts its first female recruits into a program called Women in the Air Force (WAF).
1970 – Richard Nixon delivers a special congressional message enunciating Native American Self-Determination as official US Indian policy, leading to the Indian Self-Determination Act.

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July 9

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The two trains that had collided with one another in Nashville.

1846 – By an Act of Congress, a 39-square-mile (100 km²) area south of the Potomac River that had been a part of Washington, DC is returned to Virginia.
1850 – President Zachary Taylor dies sixteen months into his term in office and Millard Fillmore becomes the 13th President of the United States.
1868 – The Fourteenth Amendment is ratified, guaranteeing African Americans full citizenship and giving all persons in the United States due process of law.
1918 – In Nashville, Tennessee, an inbound local train collides (pictured) with an outbound express train, killing 101 and injuring 171 people, making it the deadliest rail accident in United States history.
1922 – Johnny Weissmuller swims the 100 meters freestyle in 58.6 seconds breaking a world swimming record and the 'minute barrier'.
1962 – Andy Warhol's Campbell's Soup Cans exhibition opens at the Ferus Gallery in Los Angeles.

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July 10

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1778 – Louis XVI of France declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain, diverting British attention, troops, and supplies from the American Revolutionary War.
1890 – Wyoming is admitted as the 44th U.S. state.
1913 – Death Valley, California (pictured) hits 134 °F (~56.7 °C), the highest temperature ever recorded in the United States.
1962 – Telstar, the world's first communications satellite, is launched into orbit.
1966 – The Chicago Freedom Movement, led by Martin Luther King Jr., holds a rally at Soldier Field in Chicago, Illinois. As many as 60,000 people came to hear Dr. King as well as musicians Mahalia Jackson, Stevie Wonder, and Peter, Paul and Mary.
1992 – In Miami, Florida, former Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega is sentenced to 40 years in prison for drug and racketeering violations.

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July 11

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1767 – John Quincy Adams, sixth President of the United States and considered to be one of the greatest diplomats in American history, is born.
1796 – The United States takes possession of Detroit from Great Britain under terms of the Jay Treaty.
1804 – Vice President Aaron Burr mortally wounds former Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton in a duel.
1921 – Former President William Howard Taft (pictured) is sworn in as 10th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, becoming the only person to ever serve as both President and Chief Justice.
1955 – The phrase In God We Trust is added to all US currency.
1960 – To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee is first published.

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July 12

Portal:United States/Anniversaries/July/July 12

1817 – American author, poet, abolitionist, naturalist, tax resister, development critic, and leading transcendentalist Henry David Thoreau (pictured) was born.
1812 – The United States invades Canada at Windsor, Ontario as part of the War of 1812.
1862 – The Medal of Honor, the highest military decoration awarded by the United States government, is authorized by the Congress.
1917 – The Bisbee Deportation occurs as vigilantes kidnap] and deport nearly 1,300 striking miners and others from Bisbee, Arizona.
1967 – The Newark riots, which were sparked when two white policemen beat an African-American cabdriver until he needed to be hospitalized, began in Newark, New Jersey. The riots would leave 26 dead, 725 injured, and cause ten million dollars in damages.
1979 – Disco Demolition Night, a promotional event which involved the demolition of a crate of disco music records, is held at Comiskey Park, in Chicago, Illinois.

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July 13

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1787 – The Continental Congress enacts the Northwest Ordinance, establishing governing rules for the Northwest Territory. It also established procedures for the admission of new states and limited the expansion of slavery.
1863 – In New York City, opponents of conscription begin three days of rioting, regarded as the worst riot in United States history.
1923 – The Hollywood Sign (modern version pictured) is officially dedicated in the hills above Hollywood, Los Angeles. It originally read "Hollywoodland", but the four last letters were dropped after renovation in 1949.
1973 – Alexander Butterfield, deputy assistant to President Richard Nixon, reveals the existence of the Nixon tapes to the special Senate committee investigating the Watergate break in.
1985 – The Live Aid benefit concert, which featured three dozen world famous musical artists and bands, takes place in Philadelphia's John F. Kennedy Stadium, as well as in London, with companion concerts around the world.

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July 14

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1798 – The Sedition Act becomes law in the United States making it a federal crime to write, publish, or utter false or malicious statements about the [nited States government.
1881 – Notorious Wild West outlaw Billy the Kid is shot and killed by Pat Garrett outside Fort Sumner, then in the New Mexico Territory.
1900 – Armies of the Eight-Nation Alliance, of which the United States was a member, capture Tientsin during the Boxer Rebellion in China.
1960 – Jane Goodall arrives at the Gombe Stream National Park in present-day Tanzania to begin her famous study of chimpanzees in the wild.
1965 – The Mariner 4 flyby of Mars takes the first close-up photos of another planet.
1969 – The United States $500, $1,000, $5,000 and $10,000 bills ($5000 bill pictured) are officially withdrawn from circulation.

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July 15

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1838 – Ralph Waldo Emerson delivers the Divinity School Address at Harvard Divinity School, discounting Biblical miracles and declaring Jesus a great man, but not God. The Protestant community reacts with outrage.
1806 – United States Army Lieutenant Zebulon Pike begins an expedition from Fort Bellefontaine near St. Louis, Missouri, to explore west. Pike's account of the expedition, including his capture and release by Spanish forces in Mexico, became so popular that it was translated and sold in Europe.
1870 – Georgia becomes the last of the former Confederate states to be readmitted to the Union.
1916 – In Seattle, Washington, William Boeing (pictured) and George Conrad Westervelt incorporate Pacific Aero Products, which would later be renamed Boeing.
1959 – The steel strike of 1959 begins, leading to significant importation of foreign steel for the first time in United States history.
2003 – AOL Time Warner disbands Netscape Communications Corporation. The Mozilla Foundation is established on the same day.

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July 16

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1769 – Father Junípero Serra founds Mission San Diego de Alcalá, the first mission in California. The mission later evolves into the city of San Diego.
1945 – The Atomic Age begins when the United States successfully detonates (pictured) a plutonium-based test nuclear weapon at the Trinity site near Alamogordo, New Mexico.
1955 – The original Disneyland park opens in Anaheim, California.
1957 – United States Marine Major John Glenn flies a F8U Crusader supersonic jet from California to New York in 3 hours, 23 minutes and 8 seconds setting a new transcontinental speed record. Glenn would later be selected by NASA for training as an astronaut on account of his experience with supersonic flight.
1999 – John F. Kennedy Jr., his wife Carolyn Bessette Kennedy, and sister-in-law Lauren Bessette are killed in a plane crash off the coast of Martha's Vineyard. The Piper Saratoga aircraft was piloted by Kennedy.

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July 17

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1867 – Harvard School of Dental Medicine, the first dental school in United States, is established in Boston.
1944 – Near the San Francisco Bay, two ships laden with ammunition for combat in World War II explode in Port Chicago, California, killing 320.
1945 – President Harry Truman, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, the three main Allied leaders of World War II, begin their final summit of the war, the Potsdam Conference. The meeting would end on August 2.
1975 – An American Apollo and a Soviet Soyuz dock with each other in orbit as part of the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, marking the first link-up between spacecraft from the two nations.
1989 – The first flight of the B-2 Spirit stealth bomber (pictured) takes place.

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July 18

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1863 – One of the first formal African American military units, the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, unsuccessfully assaults Confederate-held Battery Wagner in the Second Battle of Fort Wagner (pictured). Despite suffering heavy losses, the 54th was widely acclaimed for its valor during the battle, and the event helped encourage the further enlistment and mobilization of African-American troops.
1914 – The U.S. Congress forms the Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps, indicating for the first time the Army's intent to make aircraft a permanent part of the military.
1921 – John Glenn, the first American astronaut to orbit the Earth, was born.
1937 – Hunter S. Thompson, the creator of Gonzo journalism, was born.
1969 – After a party on Chappaquiddick Island, Senator Ted Kennedy from Massachusetts drives off a wooden bridge into a tide-swept pond, leading to the death of his passenger, Mary Jo Kopechne.

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July 19

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The skirt seen in is an 1850s era "Bloomer".

1848 – The two day Women's Rights Convention opens in Seneca Falls, New York. "Bloomers" (pictured), which come to be heavily associated with the feminism movement, are introduced at the convention.
1863 – At Buffington Island in Ohio, Confederate General John Hunt Morgan's raid into the north is mostly thwarted when a large group of his men are captured while trying to escape across the Ohio River.
1942 – In a major Allied victory in the Battle of the Atlantic, German Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz orders the last U-boats to withdraw from their positions off the Atlantic coast of the United States in response to the effective American convoy system.
1963 – Joe Walker flies a North American X-15 to a record altitude of 106,010 metres (347,800 feet) on X-15 Flight 90. Exceeding an altitude of 100 km, this flight qualifies as a human spaceflight under international convention.
1983 – Michael W. Vannier, Jeffrey L. Marsh, and James O. Warren publish the first three-dimensional reconstruction of a human head using Computed tomography (CT).

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July 20

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1926 – A convention of the Southern Methodist Church votes to allow women to become ministers.
1934 – Police in Minneapolis, Minnesota fire upon truck drivers who were striking as part of the Minneapolis Teamsters Strike of 1934, killing two and wounding sixty-seven.
1940 – President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Hatch Act of 1939, limiting political activity by Federal government employees.
1942 – The first unit of the Women's Army Corps begins training in Des Moines, Iowa.
1948 – In New York City, twelve leaders of the Communist Party USA are indicted under the Smith Act including William Z. Foster and Gus Hall.
1969 – Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin land on the Moon (pictured), becoming the first humans to do so. They would walk on the surface of the moon the next day.

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July 21

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1873 – At Adair, Iowa, Jesse James and the James–Younger Gang pull off the first successful train robbery in the American Old West.
1899 – Ernest Hemingway, author of such classics of American literature as A Farewell to Arms, For Whom the Bell Tolls, and The Old Man and the Sea, is born.
1925 – In Dayton, Tennessee, the Scopes Trial concludes. High school biology teacher John T. Scopes is found guilty of teaching evolution in class and is fined $100.
1938 – Janet Reno, the first female United States Attorney General, is born.
1969 – Having landed on the moon late the previous day, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin become the first men to walk on the Moon, as part of the Apollo 11 mission.
1997 – The fully restored USS Constitution (pictured), also known as Old Ironsides, celebrates her 200th birthday by setting sail for the first time in 116 years.

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July 22

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1796 – Surveyors of the Connecticut Land Company name an area in Ohio "Cleveland" after Gen. Moses Cleaveland, the superintendent of the surveying party.
1849 – Emma Lazarus (pictured), who's sonnet "The New Colossus" appears on the pedestal of the Statue of Liberty, is born.
1934 – Outside of Chicago's Biograph Theater, gangster and bank-robber John Dillinger, known by the moniker "Public Enemy No. 1", is mortally wounded by FBI agents.
1937 – The Senate votes down President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court.
1993 – During the Great Flood of 1993, levees near Kaskaskia, Illinois rupture, forcing the entire town to evacuate by barges operated by the Army Corps of Engineers.

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July 23

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1903 – Ford Motor Company sells its first car.
1926 – Fox Film buys the patents for the Movietone sound system, a sound-on-film system for motion pictures which guarantees that the visual and audio components of a film are synchronized.
1940 – Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles issues a declaration on the U.S. non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three Baltic States of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
1962 – The communications satellite Telstar (pictured) relays the first live trans-Atlantic television signal.
1967 – The 12th Street Riot breaks out in Detroit, Michigan. It would result in 43 deaths, 342 injurues, and 1,400 destroyed buildings.
1972 – The satellite Landsat 1, designed to collect environmental, geological, and agricultural information on Earth, is launched.

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July 24

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1897 – Amelia Earhart (pictured), known both for accomplishments as an aviation pioneer and for her disappearance over the central Pacific Ocean, was born.
1943 – Operation Gomorrah, a massive bombing campaign targeting the city of Hamburg, begins. American airplanes bomb the city by day, and British and Canadian airplanes bomb the city by night. By the end of the operation in November, 9,000 tons of explosives will have killed more than 30,000 people and destroyed 280,000 buildings.
1950 – Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, the military base adjacent to the civilian run Kennedy Space Center, launches its first rocket, a Bumper V-2.
1959 – At the opening of the American National Exhibition in Moscow, Vice President Richard Nixon and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev hold the "Kitchen Debate".
1974 – The Supreme Court unanimously rules that President Richard Nixon does not have the authority to withhold subpoenaed White House tapes, and that Nixon must surrender the tapes to the special prosecutor investigating the Watergate scandal.

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July 25

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1722 – Dummer's War, a series of battles between British colonists and the Wabanaki Confederacy, begins.
1866 – Congress passes legislation authorizing the rank of General of the Army. Ulysses S. Grant (pictured) becomes the first officer to hold the rank, and one of two to become President of the United States after holding the rank (the other being Dwight D. Eisenhower.)
1898 – The land invasion of Puerto Rico by the United States begins with U.S. troops landing at harbor of Guánica, Puerto Rico. Sea-based shelling of the capital city of San Juan had been taking place since May in preparation for the landing.
1946 – An atomic bomb is detonated underwater in the lagoon of Bikini Atoll as part of Operation Crossroads.
1969 – In response to a lack of combat success in the Vietnam War and public pressure at home, President Richard Nixon outlines the Nixon Doctrine, which states that the United States now expects its Asian allies to take charge of their own military defenses.

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July 26

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1788 – New York ratifies the United States Constitution, becoming the 11th state.
1941 – World War II: In response to the Japanese occupation of French Indo-China, President Franklin D. Roosevelt orders the seizure of all Japanese assets in the United States.
1947 – President Harry S. Truman signs the National Security Act into law, creating the Central Intelligence Agency, reorganizing the U.S. Armed Forces, and establishing the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
1948 – President Harry S. Truman signs Executive Order 9981, officially ending racial segregation in the military.
1963 – Syncom 2 (pictured), the world's first communication satellite to fly in geosynchronous orbit, is launched.
1990 – The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 is signed into law by President George H. W. Bush.

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July 27

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1789 – After being approved by Congress six days earlier, President George Washington signs into law a bill creating the first federal executive department, the Department of Foreign Affairs. It is later renamed the Department of State.
1928 – The animated short "A Wild Hare" is released, introducing the cartoon character Bugs Bunny.
1938 Gary Gygax, co-creator of Dungeons & Dragons and the father of role-playing games, is born.
1953 – The United States, The People's Republic of China, and North Korea sign an armistice agreement, ending combat in the Korean War. Syngman Rhee, the president of South Korea, refuses to sign the armistice but pledges to observe it. Because a peace treaty was never signed, the war has yet to technically end.
1974 – The House of Representatives Judiciary Committee votes 27 to 11 to recommend impeachment proceedings begin against President Richard Nixon for obstruction of justice.
1995 – In Washington, DC, the Korean War Veterans Memorial (pictured) is dedicated.

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July 28

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1868 – The 14th Amendment to the Constitution is passed, establishing African American citizenship and guaranteeing due process of law.
1896 – The City of Miami, Florida is incorporated.
1932 – Under orders from President Herbert Hoover, a military force under the command of General Douglas MacArthur and Major George S. Patton forcefully dispersed (pictured) the Bonus Army, a group of World War I veterans who had assembled in Washington D.C. to demand cash redemption of their service certificates. Public backlash would contribute to Hoover's defeat at the hands of Franklin Delano Roosevelt in Hoover's 1932 reelection campaign.
1945 – A US Army B-25 bomber accidentally crashes into the 79th floor of the Empire State Building killing 14 injuring 26.
1996 – Kennewick Man, the remains of a prehistoric man, was discovered near Kennewick, Washington.

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July 29

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1858 – United States and Japan sign the Harris Treaty, which opens up Japanese ports to American trade and grants foreigners extraterritoriality.
1864 – Confederate spy Belle Boyd is arrested by Union troops and detained at the Old Capitol Prison in Washington, DC.
1920 – Construction of the Link River Dam begins as part of the Klamath Reclamation Project.
1958 – President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs into law the National Aeronautics and Space Act, which creates the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
1965 – Vietnam War: The first 4,000 101st Airborne Division paratroopers arrive in Vietnam, landing at Cam Ranh Bay.
1967 – In the worst U.S. naval disaster since World War II, the USS Forrestal catches on fire (pictured) off the coast of North Vietnam, killing 134.

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July 30

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1619 – In Jamestown, Virginia, the first representative assembly in the America, the House of Burgesses, convenes for the first time.
1863 – Henry Ford (pictured), industrialist, founder of the Ford Motor Company, and sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production, is born.
1932 – Flowers and Trees, the first Academy Award winning cartoon and first cartoon short to use Technicolor, premieres.
1956 – A Joint resolution of Congress is signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, authorizing "In God We Trust" as the national motto.
1965 – President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Social Security Act of 1965 into law, establishing Medicare and Medicaid.
1975 – Teamsters Union president Jimmy Hoffa disappears from the parking lot of the Machus Red Fox restaurant in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit, at about 2:30 p.m. He is never seen or heard from again.

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July 31

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1777 – Congress passes a resolution that commissions French aristocrat Lafayette (pictured) as a major-general of the United States army. Lafayette would become a key military leader in the Revolutionary War.
1790 – Samuel Hopkins is issued the first patent issued by the government of the United States.
1930 – The radio mystery program The Shadow is aired for the first time.
1961 – At Fenway Park in Boston, the first tie in a Major League Baseball All-Star Game occurs when the game is stopped in the 9th inning because of rain.
1964 – The space probe Ranger 7 sends back the first close-up photographs of the moon. The images are a thousand times clearer than anything ever seen from earth-bound telescopes.
1976 – NASA releases the famous Face on Mars photo, which had been taken by the Viking 1 satellite.

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August

edit

United States August anniversaries

January • February • March • April • May • June • July • August • September • October • November • December

These are the selected anniversaries for August that appear on the United States portal.

The "edit" links edit the portal subpages that are displayed as sections here.
The layout design for these subpages is at Portal:United States/Anniversaries/Layout.

See also

Yearly "...in the United States" articles, such as 2024 in the United States.
United States history categories (Select [+] to view subcategories)

History of the United States

August 1

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1779 – Francis Scott Key, author of the lyrics to the United States' national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner", is born.
1842 – The Lombard Street Riot erupts when white Irish Catholics attack 1,000 African-American members of the Young Men's Vigilant Association who were parading in celebration of the end of slavery in the British West Indies.
1876 – Colorado is admitted as the 38th U.S. state.
1957 – The United States and Canada announce their decision to integrate their aerospace defenses. This would lead to the formation of the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) in May of the following year.
2007 – The I-35W Mississippi River bridge spanning the Mississippi River in Minneapolis, Minnesota, collapses (aftermath pictured) during the evening rush hour.

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August 2

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1776 – While the date of the signing the Declaration of Independence is disputed, some modern historians believe that at least some of the signatories to Declaration of Independence sign the document on this day.
1790 – The first United States Census is conducted.
1892 – Jack L. Warner, the president and driving force behind Warner Bros. Studios in Hollywood, is born.
1939 – Albert Einstein and Leó Szilárd write a letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt urging him to begin the Manhattan project to develop a nuclear weapon.
1943 – The Motor Torpedo Boat PT-109 is rammed by the Japanese destroyer Amagiri and sinks. Lt. John F. Kennedy, who would go on to become the President of the United States, saves all but two of his crew.
1964 – Three North Vietnamese gunboats engage the destroyer USS Maddox (pictured) and several United States Navy aircraft. This is the first of two incidents involving the Maddox that are collectively referred to as the Gulf of Tonkin incident.

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August 3

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1923 – Following the death of Warren G. Harding, Calvin Coolidge (pictured) is sworn in as the 30th President of the United States.
1948 – In testimony before the House Committee on Un-American Activities, former Communist Party member Whittaker Chambers accuses government official Alger Hiss of being a communist and a spy for the Soviet Union. Historians are still divided on whether or not Hiss was in fact a Soviet agent.
1949 – The National Basketball Association is formed from the merger of the Basketball Association of America and the National Basketball League.
1958 – The nuclear powered submarine USS Nautilus travels beneath the Arctic ice cap, becoming the first submarine to do so.
1981 – Air traffic controllers affiliated with the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization walk off the job. President Ronald Reagan ultimately responds by firing those who ignore his order to return to work.

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August 4

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1790 – At the behest of Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton, Congress creates the Revenue Cutter Service, a forerunner of the United States Coast Guard, to combat smuggling in American waters.
1901 – Louis Armstrong (pictured), an influential pioneer of both jazz and scat singing, is born.
1964 – The United States Navy destroyers USS Maddox and USS Turner Joy report coming under attack in the Gulf of Tonkin. The so-called Gulf of Tonkin incident would lead to an escalation of the Vietnam War.
1969 – At the apartment of French intermediary Jean Sainteny in Paris, American Secretary of State Henry Kissinger and North Vietnamese negotiator Xuân Thủy begin secret peace negotiations in an attempt to end the Vietnam War. The negotiations will eventually fail.
1977 – President Jimmy Carter signs legislation establishing the United States Department of Energy.
2010 – California's Proposition 8, a ballot initiative prohibiting same-sex marriage that was passed by the state's voters in 2008, is overturned by Judge Vaughn Walker in the case Perry v. Schwarzenegger.

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August 5

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1861 – In order to help pay for the war effort during the American Civil War, the United States government issues the first income tax as part of the Revenue Act of 1861. The tax took 3% of the incomes of those that earned over $800 a year.
1884 – The cornerstone for the Statue of Liberty is laid on Bedloe's Island in New York Harbor.
1914 – In Cleveland, Ohio, the first electric traffic light is installed.
1930 – Neil Armstrong (pictured), best known for being the first person to set foot on the Moon, is born.
1957 – American Bandstand, a musical variety show aimed at teenagers, makes its national debut on ABC television network. The show would run for over 30 years.
1963 – The United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union sign a treaty banning the testing of nuclear weapons underwater, in the atmosphere, and in space.

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August 6

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1926 – In New York, the Vitaphone system for adding audio to movies is heard in theaters for the first time with the premiere of the movie Don Juan.
1945 – The United States B-29 Enola Gay drops the atomic bomb "Little Boy" on the city of Hiroshima, killing 70,000 people instantly and afflicting tens of thousands of others with burns and radiation poisoning.
1965 – President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Voting Rights Act of 1965, designed to end discriminatory practices that led to the disenfranchisement of African-Americans, into law.
1988 - The Tompkins Square Park Riot breaks out between NYPD officers and people protesting the imposition of a 1AM curfew of Tompkins Square Park. An investigation into the riot placed the bulk of the blame on the NYPD.
1996 – NASA announces that the ALH 84001 meteorite (pictured), thought to originate from Mars, likely contained evidence that microbial life existed on Mars at one time.

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August 7

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1782 – General George Washington orders the creation of the Badge of Military Merit (pictured) to honor soldiers wounded in battle. It is later renamed the Purple Heart, after its appearance.
1927 – The Peace Bridge, a bridge between Fort Erie, Ontario and Buffalo, New York, opens.
1944 – IBM officially presents the electro-mechanical computer Harvard Mark I, (originally named the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator), to Harvard University. While not the first computer, the Mark I was comparatively fast and reliable among early computers, and has been called "the beginning of the era of the modern computer".
1964 – Congress passes the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, giving President Lyndon B. Johnson broad war powers to deal with North Vietnamese attacks on American forces.
1978 – President Jimmy Carter declares that the situation at Love Canal, a residential community built on what had at one time been a toxic waste dump, is a federal emergency. The declaration would allow for federal emergency funds to be used in the cleanup of the site, marking the first time that federal emergency funds were used other than for the handling of natural disasters.

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August 8

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1863 – Following his defeat in the Battle of Gettysburg, General Robert E. Lee sends a letter of resignation to Confederate President Jefferson Davis. The offer of resignation is refused.
1911 – Public Law 62-5 sets the number of representatives in the House of Representatives at 435. The law would come into effect in 1913 with the beginning of the 63rd Congress.
1946 – The Convair B-36 (pictured), the largest mass-produced piston engine aircraft ever made, takes flight for the first time. The B-36 also has the longest wingspan any combat aircraft ever built.
1973 – Vice President Spiro Agnew goes on television to denounce accusations he had taken kickbacks while governor of Maryland. He would later be forced to resign from office.
1974 – President Richard Nixon announces his resignation, effective the next day, as a result of the Watergate scandal.
2000 – Confederate submarine H.L. Hunley is raised to the surface after 136 years on the ocean floor.

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August 9

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1842 – Webster–Ashburton Treaty is signed, resolving a dispute regarding the location of the border between Maine and New Brunswick, and reaffirmed a previously agreed upon border between the United States and Canada west of the Rocky Mountains.
1892 – Thomas Edison receives a patent for the full duplex two-way telegraph.
1944 – The United States Forest Service and the Wartime Advertising Council release posters which feature for the first time the character Smokey Bear (pictured).
1945 – The American B-29 Superfortress Bockscar drops the atomic bomb "Fat Man" on the Japanese city of Nagasaki, killing between 60,000 and 80,000 people.
1969 – Members of a cult led by Charles Manson brutally murder pregnant actress Sharon Tate, coffee heiress Abigail Folger, Polish actor Wojciech Frykowski, hairstylist Jay Sebring, and recent high-school graduate Steven Parent at 10050 Cielo Drive in Los Angeles.

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August 10

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1821 – Missouri is admitted as the 24th U.S. state.
1933 – Doyle Brunson (pictured), considered one of the most influential forces in poker and the author of the seminal guides to the sport Super/System, is born.
1846 – The Smithsonian Institution is chartered by the Congress after $500,000 is donated by scientist James Smithson for such a purpose.
1944 – The Second Battle of Guam ends as American forces defeat the last Imperial Japanese troops on the island of Guam.
1949 – President Harry S. Truman signs the National Security Act Amendment, streamlining the defense agencies of the United States government and replacing the National Military Establishment with the United States Department of Defense.
1988 – President Ronald Reagan signs the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, providing payments of $20,000 to Japanese-Americans who were either interned or relocated by the United States during World War II.

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August 11

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1807 – David Rice Atchison (pictured), who some claim served as Acting President of the United States for one day, 4 March 1849, is born. Atchison was President pro tempore of the Senate, which at the time was third in the line of Presidential succession behind the President and the Vice President.
1898 – American troops under General Theodore Schwan enter the city of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico without a battle, as part of the Spanish–American War.
1929 – Babe Ruth becomes the first baseball player to 500 home runs over the course of his career, with a home run at League Park in Cleveland, Ohio.
1965 – The racially charged Watts riots break out in the Watts neighborhood of Los Angeles. They would last 6 days, claim 34 lives, and cause over a thousand injuries.
1999 – The Salt Lake City tornado hits Downtown Salt Lake City, killing one. It is only the second tornado in recorded history to cause a fatality in the State of Utah.

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August 12

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1833 – The town of Chicago is founded, with a population of about 200.
1876 – Mary Roberts Rinehart, an influential author who is credited for the "Had I but known" style of mystery novels, and whose novel The Door inspired the phrase "The butler did it", is born. Rinehart's novel The Bat, which featured a costumed supervillain, was credited by Bob Kane as one of the inspirations for the character "Batman".
1898 – A "Protocol of Peace" is signed, ending combat in the Spanish–American War. A formal peace treaty would not be signed, however, until 1899.
1908 – The first production model of the Ford Model T (pictured) is built at the Ford Piquette Avenue Plant in Detroit, Michigan.
1981 – The IBM Personal Computer is released.
1990 – Sue, the most complete skeleton of a Tyrannosaurus rex, is discovered near Faith, South Dakota.

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August 13

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1818 – Lucy Stone (pictured), a prominent abolitionist and suffragist who has been called "the morning star of the woman's rights movement", is born. Stone, along with Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony (who took up the cause of women's suffrage after listening to a speech by Stone), are considered the three most important figures in the women's rights movement in America during the 19th century.
1918 – Women are allowed to join the Marine Corps Reserve for the first time. Opha May Johnson becomes the first of 305 women to join the United States Marine Corps Women's Reserve during this first day.
1969 – The Apollo 11 astronauts are released from a three-week quarantine following their return from the Moon to enjoy a ticker-tape parade in New York City. That evening, at a state dinner in Los Angeles, they are awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Richard Nixon.
2008 – Michael Phelps sets the Olympic record for the most gold medals (8 in Beijing and 6 in Athens) won by an individual in Olympic history with his win in the men's 200m butterfly event.

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August 14

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1848 – The Oregon Territory (seal pictured) is organized by an Act of Congress.
1900 – The Eight-Nation Alliance, a multinational military force with troops from Western Europe, Japan, and the United States, occupies the city of Beijing as part of a campaign to end the bloody Boxer Rebellion in China.
1935 – President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signs the Social Security Act into law, creating a government pension system for the elderly.
1936 – Rainey Bethea is hanged in Owensboro, Kentucky in the last public execution in the United States.
1941 – World War II – Winston Churchill and Franklin Delano Roosevelt make a joint declaration putting forth the Atlantic Charter, which defined the Allies' goals for the post-war world.
2003 – A widescale power blackout occurs in the northeast United States and in Canada. At the time of the event, the blackout was the second largest blackout in terms of people effected in history.

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August 15

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1843 – The Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace (pictured) in Honolulu, Hawaii is completed. Now the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Honolulu, it is the oldest Roman Catholic cathedral in continuous use in the United States.
1912 – Julia Child, credited for introducing French cuisine to the American public with her cookbook, Mastering the Art of French Cooking, and her television programs, including The French Chef, is born.
1965 – The Beatles play to nearly 60,000 fans at Shea Stadium in New York City, marking the birth of stadium rock.
1969 – The Woodstock Music and Art Festival opens. 500,000 people attended the three day long outdoor concert, which is widely regarded as one of the most pivotal moments in popular music history.
1977 – The Big Ear, a radio telescope operated by The Ohio State University as part of the SETI project, receives a radio signal from deep space; the event is named the "Wow! signal" for notation made by a volunteer on the project.

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August 16

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1841 – President John Tyler (pictured) vetoes a bill which called for the re-establishment of the Second Bank of the United States. Enraged Whig Party members riot outside the White House in the most violent demonstration on White House grounds in U.S. history.
1884 – Hugo Gernsback, considered one of three fathers of science fiction for his work as the publisher of the magazine Amazing Stories, was born.
1858 – U.S. President James Buchanan inaugurates the new transatlantic telegraph cable by exchanging greetings with Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. However, a weak signal forces a shutdown of the service in a few weeks.
1954 – The first edition of Sports Illustrated is published.
1777 – American troops led by General John Stark rout British and Brunswick troops under Friedrich Baum at the Battle of Bennington in Walloomsac, New York.

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August 17

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1786 – Folk icon and frontiersman Davy Crockett is born.
1862 – The Dakota War of 1862 begins in Minnesota as Lakota warriors attack white settlements along the Minnesota River.
1907 – Pike Place Market, the longest continuously-running public farmers market in the US, opens in Seattle.
1942 – United States Marines raid the island of Makin, then under control of the Empire of Japan.
1969 – Category 5 strength Hurricane Camille (pictured) hits the Mississippi coast, killing 248 people and causing $1.5 billion in damage.
1978 – Double Eagle II becomes first balloon to cross the Atlantic Ocean when it lands in Miserey near Paris, 137 hours after leaving Presque Isle, Maine.

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August 18

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1877 – Astronomer Asaph Hall discovers the Martian moon Phobos, a week after he discovered another Martian moon, Deimos.
1902 – Margaret Murie (pictured), considered the "Grandmother of the Conservation Movement", and an instrumental force behind the passage of the Wilderness Act and the creation of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, is born.
1920 – The Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing women's suffrage.
1983 – Hurricane Alicia hits the Texas coast, killing 22 people and causing over USD $1 billion in damage.
2000 – A Federal jury finds the Environmental Protection Agency guilty of discrimination against Dr. Marsha Coleman-Adebayo under the Civil Rights Act of 1964. This would later inspire passage of the No FEAR Act.
2005 – Dennis Rader is sentenced to 175 years in prison for the BTK serial killings.

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August 19

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1692 – Salem witch trials: In Salem, Province of Massachusetts Bay, five people, one woman and four men, including a clergyman, are executed after being convicted of witchcraft.
1782 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Blue Licks: The last major engagement of the war, almost ten months after the surrender of the British commander Charles Cornwallis following the Siege of Yorktown.
1812 – War of 1812: American frigate USS Constitution defeats the British frigate HMS Guerriere off the coast of Nova Scotia, Canada earning the nickname "Old Ironsides".
1909 – The Indianapolis Motor Speedway opens for automobile racing. William Bourque and his mechanic are killed during the first day's events.
1940 – First flight of the B-25 Mitchell medium bomber.
1955 – In the Northeast United States, severe flooding caused by Hurricane Diane, claims 200 lives.

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August 20

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1707 – The first Siege of Pensacola comes to an end with the failure of the British to capture Pensacola, Florida.
1794 – Northwest Indian War: United States troops force a confederacy of Shawnee, Mingo, Delaware, Wyandot, Miami, Ottawa, Chippewa, and Potawatomi warriors into a disorganized retreat at the Battle of Fallen Timbers.
1910 – Extreme fire weather in the Inland Northwest of the United States causes many small wildfires to coalesce into the Great Fire of 1910, burning approximately 3 million acres (12,000 km²) and killing 87 people.
1938 – Lou Gehrig hits his 23rd career grand slam, a record that stood for 75 years until it was broken by Alex Rodriguez.
1977 – Voyager program: NASA launches the Voyager 2 spacecraft.
1986 – In Edmond, Oklahoma, U.S. Postal employee Patrick Sherrill guns down 14 of his co-workers and then commits suicide.

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August 21

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1680 – Pueblo Indians capture Santa Fe from the Spanish during the Pueblo Revolt.
1778 – American Revolutionary War: British forces begin besieging the French outpost at Pondichéry.
1831 – Nat Turner leads black slaves and free blacks in a rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia, which will claim the lives of 55 to 65 whites and about twice that number of blacks.
1883 – An F5 tornado strikes Rochester, Minnesota, leading to the creation of the Mayo Clinic.
1959 – United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs an executive order proclaiming Hawaii the 50th state of the union. (state flag pictured) Hawaii's admission is currently commemorated by Hawaii Admission Day.
2017 – A solar eclipse traverses the continental United States.

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August 22

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1777 – American Revolutionary War: Benedict Arnold used a ruse to convince the British that a much larger force was arriving, causing them to abandon the siege of Fort Stanwix (reconstructed fort pictured).
1851 – The yacht America won the Cup of One Hundred Sovereigns.
1902 – The Cadillac Motor Company is founded.
1963 – X-15 Flight 91 reaches the highest altitude of the X-15 program (107.96 km (67.08 mi) (354,200 feet)).
1978 – The District of Columbia Voting Rights Amendment is passed by the U.S. Congress, although it is never ratified by a sufficient number of states.
1989 – Nolan Ryan of the Texas Rangers struck out the Oakland Athletics' Rickey Henderson, becoming the only pitcher in Major League Baseball to record 5,000 strikeouts.

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August 23

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1775 – American Revolutionary War: King George III delivers his Proclamation of Rebellion to the Court of St James's stating that the American colonies have proceeded to a state of open and avowed rebellion.
1782 – American Revolutionary War: British forces under Edward Despard complete the reconquest of the Black River settlements on the Mosquito Coast from the Spanish.
1784 – Western North Carolina (now eastern Tennessee) declares itself an independent state under the name of Franklin; it is not accepted into the United States, and only lasts for four years.
1831 – Nat Turner's rebellion of enslaved Virginians is suppressed.
1954 – The first flight of the Lockheed C-130 multi-role aircraft takes place.
1970 – Organized by Mexican American labor union leader César Chávez, the Salad Bowl strike, the largest farm worker strike in U.S. history, begins.

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August 24

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1682 – William Penn receives the area that is now the state of Delaware, and adds it to his colony of Pennsylvania.
1781 – American Revolutionary War: A small force of Pennsylvania militia is ambushed and overwhelmed by an American Indian group, which forces George Rogers Clark to abandon his attempt to attack Detroit.
1814 – British troops invade Washington, D.C. and during the Burning of Washington the White House, the Capitol and many other buildings are set ablaze.
1857 – The Panic of 1857 begins, setting off one of the most severe economic crises in United States history.
1950 – Edith Sampson becomes the first black U.S. delegate to the United Nations.
1992 – Hurricane Andrew makes landfall in Homestead, Florida as a Category 5 hurricane, causing up to $25 billion (1992 USD) in damages.

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August 25

[[Portal:United States/Anniversaries/August/August ]25]

War of 1812: On the second day of the Burning of Washington, British troops torch the Library of Congress, United States Treasury, Department of War, and other public buildings.
1823 – American fur trapper Hugh Glass is mauled by a grizzly bear while on an expedition in South Dakota.
1835 – The first Great Moon Hoax article is published in The New York Sun, announcing the discovery of life and civilization on the Moon.
1916 – The United States National Park Service is created.
1948 – The House Un-American Activities Committee holds first-ever televised congressional hearing: "Confrontation Day" between Whittaker Chambers and Alger Hiss.
2017 – Hurricane Harvey makes landfall in Texas as a powerful Category 4 hurricane, the strongest hurricane to make landfall in the United States since 2004. Over the next few days, the storm causes catastrophic flooding throughout much of eastern Texas, killing 106 people and causing $125 billion in damage.

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August 26

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1791 – John Fitch is granted a United States patent for the steamboat.
1920 – The 19th amendment to United States Constitution takes effect, giving women the right to vote.
1998 – The first flight of the Boeing Delta III ends in disaster 75 seconds after liftoff resulting in the loss of the Galaxy X communications satellite.
2003 – A Beechcraft 1900 operating as Colgan Air Flight 9446 crashes after taking off from Barnstable Municipal Airport in Yarmouth, Massachusetts, killing both pilots on board.
2011 – The Boeing 787 Dreamliner, Boeing's all-new composite airliner, receives certification from the EASA and the FAA.
2018 – Three people are killed and eleven wounded during a mass shooting at a Madden NFL '19 video game tournament in Jacksonville, Florida.

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August 27

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1776 – American Revolutionary War: Members of the 1st Maryland Regiment repeatedly charged a numerically superior British force during the Battle of Long Island, allowing General Washington and the rest of the American troops to escape.
1832 – Black Hawk, leader of the Sauk tribe of Native Americans, surrenders to U.S. authorities, ending the Black Hawk War.
1859 – Petroleum is discovered in Titusville, Pennsylvania, leading to the world's first commercially successful oil well.
1918 – Mexican Revolution: Battle of Ambos Nogales: U.S. Army forces skirmish against Mexican Carrancistas in the only battle of World War I fought on American soil.
1980 – A massive bomb planted by extortionist John Birges explodes at Harvey's Resort Hotel in Stateline, Nevada, after a failed disarming attempt by the FBI. Although the hotel is damaged, no one is injured.
2006 – Comair Flight 5191 crashes on takeoff from Blue Grass Airport in Lexington, Kentucky, bound for Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport in Atlanta. Of the passengers and crew, 49 of 50 are confirmed dead in the hours following the crash.

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August 28

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1830 – The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad's new Tom Thumb steam locomotive races a horse-drawn car, presaging steam's role in US railroading.
1862 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Bull Run, also known as the Battle of Second Manassas.
1867 – The United States takes possession of the, at this point unoccupied, Midway Atoll.
1955 – Black teenager Emmett Till is murdered in Mississippi, galvanizing the nascent American Civil Rights Movement.
1957 – U.S. Senator Strom Thurmond begins a filibuster to prevent the Senate from voting on Civil Rights Act of 1957; he stopped speaking 24 hours and 18 minutes later, the longest filibuster ever conducted by a single Senator.
1963 – Martin Luther King Jr. (pictured) delivers his I Have A Dream speech on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial to an audience of at least 250,000, during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom.

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August 29

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1758 – The Treaty of Easton establishes the first American Indian reservation, at Indian Mills, New Jersey, for the Lenape.
1786 – Shays' Rebellion, an armed uprising of Massachusetts farmers, begins in response to high debt and tax burdens.
1915 – US Navy salvage divers raise F-4, the first U.S. submarine sunk in an accident.
1916 – The United States passes the Philippine Autonomy Act.
1958 – United States Air Force Academy opens in Colorado Springs, Colorado.
2005 – Hurricane Katrina devastates much of the U.S. Gulf Coast from Louisiana (flooding pictured) to the Florida Panhandle, killing up to 1,836 people and causing $125 billion in damage.

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August 30

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1800 – Gabriel Prosser postpones a planned slave rebellion in Richmond, Virginia, but is arrested before he can make it happen.
1813 – Creek War: Fort Mims massacre: Creek "Red Sticks" kill over 500 settlers (including over 250 armed militia) in Fort Mims, north of Mobile, Alabama.
1836 – The city of Houston is founded by Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen.
1963 – The Moscow–Washington hotline between the leaders of the U.S. and the Soviet Union goes into operation.
1967 – Thurgood Marshall is confirmed as the first African American Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
2021 – The last remaining American troops leave Afghanistan, ending U.S. involvement in the war.

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August 31

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1776 – William Livingston, the first Governor of New Jersey, begins serving his first term.
1864 – During the American Civil War, Union forces led by General William T. Sherman launch an assault on Atlanta.
1886 – The 7.0 M_w  Charleston earthquake affects southeastern South Carolina with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme). Sixty people killed with damage estimated at $5–6 million.
1943 – USS Harmon, the first U.S. Navy ship to be named after a black person, is commissioned.
1986 – Aeroméxico Flight 498 collides with a Piper PA-28 Cherokee over Cerritos, California, killing 67 in the air and 15 on the ground.
1988 – Delta Air Lines Flight 1141 crashes during takeoff from Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, killing 14.

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September

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United States September anniversaries

January • February • March • April • May • June • July • August • September • October • November • December

These are the selected anniversaries for September that appear on the United States portal.

The "edit" links edit the portal subpages that are displayed as sections here.
The layout design for these subpages is at Portal:United States/Anniversaries/Layout.

See also

Yearly "...in the United States" articles, such as 2024 in the United States.
United States history categories (Select [+] to view subcategories)

History of the United States

September 1

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1772 – The Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa is founded in San Luis Obispo, California.
1774 – Massachusetts Bay colonists rise up in the bloodless Powder Alarm.
1836 – Narcissa Whitman, one of the first English-speaking white women to settle west of the Rocky Mountains, arrives at Walla Walla, Washington.
1897 – The Tremont Street Subway in Boston opens, becoming the first underground rapid transit system in North America.
1934 – The first Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer animated cartoon, The Discontented Canary, is released to movie theatres.
1983 – Cold War: Korean Air Lines Flight 007 is shot down by a Soviet Union jet fighter when the commercial aircraft enters Soviet airspace, killing all 269 on board, including Congressman Lawrence McDonald.

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September 2

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1789 – The United States Department of the Treasury is founded.
1885 – White miners in Rock Springs, Wyoming, attacked Chinese-American immigrants, killing at least 28 Chinese miners and causing approximately $150,000 in property damage.
1901 – Vice President of the United States Theodore Roosevelt utters the famous phrase, "Speak softly and carry a big stick" at the Minnesota State Fair.
1958 – A USAF RC-130 is shot down by fighters over Armenia when it strays into Soviet airspace while conducting a sigint mission. All crew members are killed.
1963 – CBS Evening News becomes U.S. network television's first half-hour weeknight news broadcast, when the show is lengthened from 15 to 30 minutes.
2013 – The Eastern span replacement of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge opens at 10:15 PM at a cost of $6.4 billion, after the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake damaged the old span.

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September 3

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1777 – American Revolutionary War: During the Battle of Cooch's Bridge, the Flag of the United States is flown in battle for the first time.
1812 – Twenty-four settlers are killed in the Pigeon Roost Massacre in Indiana.
1855 – American Indian Wars: In Nebraska, 700 soldiers under United States General William S. Harney avenge the Grattan massacre by attacking a Sioux village and killing 100 men, women and children.
1925 – USS Shenandoah, the United States' first American-built rigid airship, was destroyed in a squall line over Noble County, Ohio. Fourteen of her 42-man crew perished, including her commander, Zachary Lansdowne.
1976 – Viking program: The American Viking 2 spacecraft lands at Utopia Planitia on Mars.
2016 – The U.S. and China, together responsible for 40% of the world's carbon emissions, both formally ratify the Paris global climate agreement.

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September 4

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1781 – Los Angeles is founded as El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora La Reina de los Ángeles (The Village of Our Lady, the Queen of the Angels) by 44 Spanish settlers. (skyline pictured)
1862 – American Civil War Maryland Campaign: General Robert E. Lee takes the Army of Northern Virginia, and the war, into the North.
1882 – The Pearl Street Station in New York City becomes the first power plant to supply electricity to paying customers.
1923 – Maiden flight of the first U.S. airship, the USS Shenandoah.
1957 – American Civil Rights Movement: Little Rock Crisis: The governor of Arkansas calls out the National Guard to prevent African American students from enrolling in Little Rock Central High School, resulting in the lawsuit Cooper v. Aaron the following year.
1998 – Google is founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin, two students at Stanford University.

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September 5

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1774 – First Continental Congress assembles in Philadelphia.
1781 – Battle of the Chesapeake in the American Revolutionary War: The British Navy is repelled by the French Navy, contributing to the British surrender at Yorktown.
1836 – Sam Houston is elected as the first president of the Republic of Texas.
1877 – Oglala Lakota war leader Crazy Horse was fatally wounded after surrendering while allegedly resisting imprisonment at Camp Robinson in present-day Nebraska, U.S.
1882 – The first United States Labor Day parade is held in New York City.
1977 – Voyager Program: NASA launches the Voyager 1 spacecraft.

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September 6

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Leon Czolgosz shoots President McKinley with a revolver concealed under a cloth rag. Clipping of a wash drawing by T. Dart Walker.

1620 – The Pilgrims sail from Plymouth, England on the Mayflower to settle in North America. (Old Style date; September 16 per New Style date.)
1628 – Puritans settle Salem, which became part of Massachusetts Bay Colony.
1781 – American Revolutionary War: The Battle of Groton Heights takes place, resulting in a British victory.
1870 – Louisa Ann Swain of Laramie, Wyoming becomes the first woman in the United States to cast a vote legally after 1807.
1901 – Leon Czolgosz, an unemployed anarchist, shoots and fatally wounds US President William McKinley (illustration pictured) at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York.
1962 – The United States government begins the Exercise Spade Fork nuclear readiness drill.

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September 7

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1630 – The city of Boston, Massachusetts is founded.
1776 – According to American colonial reports, Ezra Lee makes the world's first submarine attack in the Turtle, attempting to attach a time bomb to the hull of HMS Eagle in New York Harbor (no British records of this attack exist).
1863 – American Civil War: Union troops under Quincy A. Gillmore capture Fort Wagner in Morris Island after a 7-week siege.
1876 – In Northfield, Minnesota, Jesse James and the James–Younger Gang attempt to rob the town's bank but are driven off by armed citizens.
1916 – US federal employees win the right to Workers' compensation by Federal Employers Liability Act (39 Stat. 742; 5 U.S.C. 751)
2008 – The United States government takes control of the two largest mortgage financing companies in the US, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.

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September 8

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1664 – Two days after having been ceded to England, New Amsterdam was renamed "New York" in honor of the Duke of York, in whose name it had been captured.
1900 – The Great Galveston hurricane (damage pictured), the deadliest disaster in U.S. history, struck Galveston, Texas, with estimated winds of 135 miles per hour (215 km/h) at landfall, killing at least 6,000 people.
1951 – Treaty of San Francisco: In San Francisco, 48 nations sign a peace treaty with Japan in formal recognition of the end of the Pacific War.
1966 – The science fiction show Star Trek made its American premiere with "The Man Trap", launching a media franchise that has since created a cult phenomenon and has influenced the design of many current technologies.
1994 – USAir Flight 427 crashed on approach to Pittsburgh International Airport, resulting in 132 deaths and the longest accident investigation in the history of the National Transportation Safety Board.

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September 9

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1776 – The Continental Congress officially names its union of states the United States.
1791 – Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States, is named after President George Washington.
1850 – California is admitted as the thirty-first U.S. state. (state flag pictured)
1850 – The Compromise of 1850 transfers a third of Texas's claimed territory (now parts of Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Wyoming) to federal control in return for the U.S. federal government assuming $10 million of Texas's pre-annexation debt.
1956 – Elvis Presley appears on The Ed Sullivan Show for the first time.
1972 – In Kentucky's Mammoth Cave National Park, a Cave Research Foundation exploration and mapping team discovers a link between the Mammoth and Flint Ridge cave systems, making it the longest known cave passageway in the world.

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September 10

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1607 – Edward Maria Wingfield ousted as first president of the governing council of the Colony of Virginia; he is replaced by John Ratcliffe.
1608 – John Smith is elected council president of Jamestown, Virginia.
1813 – The United States defeats a British Fleet at the Battle of Lake Erie during the War of 1812.
1846 – Elias Howe is granted a patent for the sewing machine.
1932 – The New York City Subway's third competing subway system, the municipally-owned IND, is opened.
2017 – Hurricane Irma makes landfall on Cudjoe Key, Florida as a Category 4, after causing catastrophic damage throughout the Caribbean. Irma resulted in 134 deaths and $64.76 billion (2017 USD) in damage.

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September 11

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1777 – American Revolution: Battle of Brandywine – The British celebrate a major victory in Chester County, Pennsylvania.
1789 – Alexander Hamilton is appointed the first United States Secretary of the Treasury.
1813 – War of 1812: British troops arrive in Mount Vernon and prepare to march to and invade Washington, D.C.
1830 – Anti-Masonic Party convention; one of the first American political party conventions.
1941 – Ground is broken for the construction of The Pentagon.
2001 – Two hijacked aircraft crash into the World Trade Center in New York City, while a third smashes into The Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, and a fourth into a field near Shanksville, Pennsylvania, in a series of coordinated suicide attacks by 19 members of Al-Qaeda. Altogether, 2,996 people are killed.

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September 12

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1609 – Henry Hudson begins his exploration of the Hudson River while aboard the Halve Maen.
1857 – The SS Central America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush.
1940 – The Hercules Powder Plant Disaster in the United States kills 51 people and injures over 200.
1962 – President John F. Kennedy delivers his "We choose to go to the Moon" speech at Rice University.
1983 – A Wells Fargo depot in West Hartford, Connecticut, United States, is robbed of approximately US$7 million by Los Macheteros.
1992 – NASA launches Space Shuttle Endeavour on STS-47 which marked the 50th shuttle mission. On board are Mae Carol Jemison, the first African-American woman in space, Mamoru Mohri, the first Japanese citizen to fly in a US spaceship, and Mark Lee and Jan Davis, the first married couple in space.

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September 13

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1814 – War of 1812: Fort McHenry in Baltimore's Inner Harbor was attacked by British forces during the Battle of Baltimore, inspiring Francis Scott Key to write "Defence of Fort McHenry", later used as the lyrics to the United States national anthem.
1847 – Mexican–American War: Six teenagers known as Los Niños Héroes fought to their death defending the military academy at Castillo de Chapultepec in Mexico City during the Battle of Chapultepec.
1848 – An explosion drove an iron rod through the head of railroad foreman Phineas Gage, making him an important early case of personality change after brain injury.
1956 – IBM unveiled the 305 RAMAC (Random Access Method of Accounting and Control), the first commercial computer that used magnetic disk storage.
1971 – The Attica Prison riot ended when New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller ordered the storming of the prison, in which 38 people died by gunfire.
1993 – After rounds of secret negotiations in Norway, PLO leader Yasser Arafat and Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin formally signed the Oslo Peace Accords. (pictured)

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September 14

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1763 – Seneca warriors defeat British forces at the Battle of Devil's Hole during Pontiac's War.
1814 – Battle of Baltimore: The poem Defence of Fort McHenry is written by Francis Scott Key. The poem is later used as the lyrics of The Star-Spangled Banner.
1901 – Theodore Roosevelt became President of the United States at age 42, the youngest person ever to do so, (1904 pictured) eight days after William McKinley was fatally wounded in Buffalo, New York.
1975 – The first American saint, Elizabeth Ann Seton, is canonized by Pope Paul VI.
1994 – The Major League Baseball season is canceled because of a strike.
1998 – Telecommunications companies MCI Communications and WorldCom complete their $37 billion merger to form MCI WorldCom.

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September 15

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1857 – William Howard Taft, 27th President of the United States and 10th Chief Justice of the United States, the only man to hold both postings, was born. During his lifetime Taft would also serve as the 1st Civil Governor of the Philippines and the 1st Provisional Governor of Cuba.
1944 – The Battle of Peleliu begins as the United States Marine Corps' 1st Marine Division and the United States Army's 81st Infantry Division hit White and Orange beaches under heavy fire from Japanese infantry and artillery.
1950 – United States forces perform an amphibious landing off the coast of Inchon, Korea. The Battle of Inchon would prove to be a turning point in the Korean War.
1959 – Nikita Khrushchev becomes the first Soviet leader to visit the United States.
1966 – President Lyndon B. Johnson, responding to a sniper attack at the University of Texas at Austin, writes a letter to Congress urging the enactment of gun control legislation.
1981 – The Senate Judiciary Committee unanimously approves Sandra Day O'Connor (pictured) to become the first female justice of the Supreme Court of the United States

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September 16

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Aftermath of the 1920 Wall Street bombing

1776 – American Revolutionary War: American colonists defeated British troops at the Battle of Harlem Heights on the island of Manhattan.
1863 – Robert College, the first American educational institution outside the United States, was founded in Istanbul.
1920 – A bomb in a horse-drawn wagon exploded (aftermath pictured) in front of 23 Wall Street in New York City, killing 38 people and injuring several hundred others.
1961 – The U.S. National Hurricane Research Project sought to weaken Hurricane Esther by seeding it with silver iodide, leading to the establishment of Project Stormfury.
2004 – Hurricane Ivan makes landfall in Gulf Shores, Alabama as a Category 3 hurricane.
2013 – A lone gunman fatally shot twelve people and injured three others at the headquarters of the Naval Sea Systems Command in Washington, D.C.

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September 17

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1775 – American Revolutionary War: The Continental Army under Richard Montgomery began the Siege of Fort St. Jean in the British province of Quebec.
1787 – The text of the United States Constitution was finalized at the Philadelphia Convention.
1849 – Harriet Tubman (pictured) escaped from slavery in the U.S. state of Maryland, and later orchestrated the rescues of other slaves via the Underground Railroad.
1862 – American Civil War: Almost 23,000 total casualties were suffered at the Battle of Antietam near Sharpsburg, Maryland, where Confederate and Union troops fought to a tactical stalemate.
1962 – NASA announced the Next Nine astronauts selected for the purpose of landing on the moon.
2011 – Occupy Wall Street movement begins in Zuccotti Park, New York City.

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September 18

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September 19

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September 20

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1814 – Francis Scott Key's poem Defence of Fort McHenry (pictured), which would later become known as "The Star Spangled Banner", was published for the first time, in the broadsheet publication Patriot.
1848 – The American Association for the Advancement of Science is created.
1881 – Chester A. Arthur is inaugurated as the 21st President of the United States following the assassination of James Garfield.
1891 – The first gasoline-powered car debuts in Springfield, Massachusetts.
1973 – Billie Jean King beats Bobby Riggs in The Battle of the Sexes tennis match at the Houston Astrodome in Houston, Texas.
2001 – In an address to a joint session of Congress and the American people, U.S. President George W. Bush declares a "war on terror".

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September 21

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September 22

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September 23

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September 24

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September 25

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September 26

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September 27

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September 28

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September 29

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September 30

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October

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United States October anniversaries

January • February • March • April • May • June • July • August • September • October • November • December

These are the selected anniversaries for October that appear on the United States portal.

The "edit" links edit the portal subpages that are displayed as sections here.
The layout design for these subpages is at Portal:United States/Anniversaries/Layout.

See also

Yearly "...in the United States" articles, such as 2024 in the United States.
United States history categories (Select [+] to view subcategories)

History of the United States

October 1

Portal:United States/Anniversaries/October/October 1

1890 – Yosemite National Park is established by the U.S. Congress. (pictured)
1903 – The first modern World Series in North American baseball, pitting the National League's Pittsburgh Pirates against Boston of the American League, begins at Pittsburgh's Exposition Park.
1931 – The George Washington Bridge linking New Jersey and New York opens.
1940 – The Pennsylvania Turnpike, often considered the first superhighway in the United States, opens to traffic.
1958 – NASA is created to replace NACA.
2017 – Stephen Paddock fired more than 1,000 rounds of ammunition from his hotel suite on a crowd attending the Route 91 Harvest music festival on the Las Vegas Strip, resulting in 60 deaths and 867 injuries.

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October 2

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October 3

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October 4

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October 5

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October 6

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October 7

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1777 – American Revolutionary War: The Americans defeat the British in the Second Battle of Saratoga, also known as the Battle of Bemis Heights.
1826 – The Granite Railway begins operations (pictured) as the first chartered railway in the U.S.
1864 – American Civil War: Bahia Incident: USS Wachusett illegally captures the CSS Florida Confederate raider while in port in Bahia, Brazil in violation of Brazilian neutrality.
1868 – Cornell University holds opening day ceremonies; initial student enrollment is 412, the highest at any American university to that date.
1958 – The U.S. manned space-flight project is renamed Project Mercury.
1963 – John F. Kennedy signs the ratification of the Partial Test Ban Treaty.

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October 8

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October 9

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October 10

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October 11

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October 12

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1692 – The Salem witch trials are ended by a letter from Province of Massachusetts Bay Governor William Phips.
1773 – America's first insane asylum opens.
1792 – The first celebration of Columbus Day is held in New York City.
1892 – The Pledge of Allegiance is first recited by students in many US public schools.
1918 – A massive forest fire kills 453 people in Minnesota.
2000 – The USS Cole, a US Navy destroyer, is badly damaged by two al-Qaeda suicide bombers, killing 17 crew members and wounding at least 39.

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October 13

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October 14

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1894 – E. E. Cummings (pictured), considered a preeminent voice of 20th century poetry, was born.
1912 – While campaigning in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, former President Theodore Roosevelt is shot and mildly wounded by John Schrank, a mentally-disturbed saloon keeper.
1926 – The children's book Winnie-the-Pooh, by A.A. Milne, is first published.
1949 – Eleven leaders of the Communist Party of the United States are convicted, after a nine-month trial in a Federal District Court, of conspiring to advocate the violent overthrow of the Federal Government.
1962 – An American U-2 reconnaissance plane flying over the island of Cuba takes photographs of Soviet missiles capable of carrying nuclear warheads being installed, sparking the Cuban Missile Crisis.
1968 – During the 1968 Summer Olympic Games, Jim Hines becomes the first man to break the so-called "ten-second barrier" in the 100-meter sprint in the, with a time of 9.95 seconds.

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October 15

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October 16

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1780 – American Revolutionary War: The British-led Royalton raid is the last Native American raid on New England.
1846 – William T. G. Morton administers ether anesthesia during a surgical operation.
1875 – Brigham Young University is founded in Provo, Utah.
1923 – The Walt Disney Company is founded by Roy and Walt Disney as the Disney Brothers Studio.
1991 – George Hennard runs amok in Killeen, Texas, killing twenty-three and wounding twenty.
1995 – The Million Man March takes place in Washington, D.C. About 837,000 attend. (pictured)

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October 17

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October 18

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October 19

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October 20

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October 21

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October 22

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October 23

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October 24

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October 25

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October 26

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October 27

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October 28

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October 29

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1792 – Mount Hood (Oregon) is named after Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood by Lt. William E. Broughton who sighted the mountain near the mouth of the Willamette River.
1863 – American Civil War: Battle of Wauhatchie: Forces under Union General Ulysses S. Grant repel a Confederate attack led by General James Longstreet. Union forces thus open a supply line into Chattanooga, Tennessee.
1901 – In Amherst, Massachusetts, nurse Jane Toppan is arrested for murdering the Davis family of Boston with an overdose of morphine.
1929 – The New York Stock Exchange crashes in what will be called the Crash of '29 or "Black Tuesday", ending the Great Bull Market of the 1920s and beginning the Great Depression.
1991 – The American Galileo spacecraft makes its closest approach to 951 Gaspra, becoming the first probe to visit an asteroid.
1998 – Space Shuttle Discovery blasts off on STS-95 with 77-year-old John Glenn on board, making him the oldest person to go into space at that time.

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October 30

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1735 – John Adams (pictured), champion of the Declaration of Independence, second President of the United States, and Founding Father, was born.
1831 – In Southampton County, Virginia, escaped slave Nat Turner is captured and arrested for leading the bloodiest slave rebellion in United States history.
1864 – Helena, Montana is founded after four prospectors discover gold at "Last Chance Gulch".
1938 – Orson Welles broadcasts his radio play of H. G. Wells's The War of the Worlds, causing anxiety in some of the audience in the United States.
1945 – Jackie Robinson of the Kansas City Monarchs signs a contract for the Brooklyn Dodgers to break the baseball color barrier.

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October 31

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November

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United States November anniversaries

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November 1

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November 2

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November 3

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November 4

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1791 – Northwest Indian War: The Western Confederacy of American Indians wins a major victory over the United States in the Battle of the Wabash.
1864 – American Civil War: Confederate troops bombard a Union supply base and destroy millions of dollars in material at the Battle of Johnsonville.
1952 – The United States government establishes the National Security Agency, or NSA.
1962 – The United States concludes Operation Fishbowl, its final above-ground nuclear weapons testing series, in anticipation of the 1963 Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.
1980 – Ronald Reagan is elected as the 40th President of the United States, defeating incumbent Jimmy Carter.
2008 – Barack Obama becomes the first person of biracial or African-American descent to be elected as President of the United States.

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November 5

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November 6

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1860 – Abraham Lincoln is elected the 16th president of the United States with only 40% of the popular vote, defeating John C. Breckinridge, John Bell, and Stephen A. Douglas in a four-way race.
1869 – In New Brunswick, New Jersey, Rutgers College defeats Princeton University (then known as the College of New Jersey), 6–4, in the first official intercollegiate American football game.
1900 – President William McKinley is re-elected, along with his vice-presidential running mate, Governor Theodore Roosevelt of New York. Republicans also swept the congressional elections, winning increased majorities in both the Senate and the House of Representatives.
1947 – Meet the Press, the longest running television program in history, makes its debut on NBC Television.
1971 – The United States Atomic Energy Commission tests the largest U.S. underground hydrogen bomb, code-named Cannikin, on Amchitka Island in the Aleutians.
1995 – Cleveland Browns relocation controversy: Art Modell announces that he signed a deal that would relocate the Cleveland Browns to Baltimore.

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November 7

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1775 – John Murray, the Royal Governor of the Colony of Virginia, starts the first mass emancipation of slaves in North America by issuing Lord Dunmore's Offer of Emancipation, which offers freedom to slaves who abandoned their colonial masters to fight with Murray and the British.
1786 – The oldest musical organization in the United States is founded as the Stoughton Musical Society.
1811 – Tecumseh's War: The Battle of Tippecanoe is fought near present-day Battle Ground, Indiana, United States.
1893 – Women's suffrage: Women in the U.S. state of Colorado are granted the right to vote, the second state to do so.
1983 – United States Senate bombing: A bomb explodes inside the United States Capitol. No one is injured, but an estimated $250,000 in damage is caused.
2000 – The controversial US presidential election is later resolved in the Bush v. Gore Supreme Court case, electing George W. Bush as the 43rd President of the United States.

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November 8

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November 9

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November 10

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1775 – The United States Marine Corps is founded at Tun Tavern in Philadelphia by Samuel Nicholas.
1898 – Beginning of the Wilmington insurrection of 1898, the only instance of a municipal government being overthrown in US history.
1919 – The first national convention of the American Legion is held in Minneapolis, ending on November 12.
1951 – With the rollout of the North American Numbering Plan, direct-dial coast-to-coast telephone service begins in the United States.
1954 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower dedicates the USMC War Memorial (Iwo Jima memorial) in Arlington National Cemetery.
1975 – The 729-foot-long freighter SS Edmund Fitzgerald sinks during a storm on Lake Superior, killing all 29 crew on board.

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November 11

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1839 – The Virginia Military Institute is founded in Lexington, Virginia.
1864 – American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea: General William Tecumseh Sherman begins burning Atlanta, Georgia to the ground in preparation for his march south.
1889 – The State of Washington (flag pictured) is admitted as the 42nd state of the United States.
1919 – The Centralia Massacre in Centralia, Washington results the deaths of four members of the American Legion and the lynching of a local leader of the Industrial Workers of the World.
1921 – The Tomb of the Unknowns is dedicated by US President Warren G. Harding at Arlington National Cemetery.
1926 – The United States Numbered Highway System is established.

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November 12

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1936 – In California, the San Francisco – Oakland Bay Bridge opens to traffic.
1970 – The Oregon Highway Division attempts to destroy a rotting beached Sperm whale with explosives, leading to the now infamous "exploding whale" incident.
1979 – Iran hostage crisis: In response to the hostage situation in Tehran, US President Jimmy Carter orders a halt to all petroleum imports into the United States from Iran.
1980 – The NASA space probe Voyager I makes its closest approach to Saturn and takes the first images of its rings.
1981 – Space Shuttle program: Mission STS-2, utilizing the Space Shuttle Columbia, marks the first time a manned spacecraft is launched into space twice.
2001 – In New York City, American Airlines Flight 587, an Airbus A300 en route to the Dominican Republic, crashes minutes after takeoff from John F. Kennedy International Airport, killing all 260 on board and five on the ground.

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November 13

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1775 – American Revolutionary War: Patriot revolutionary forces under Gen. Richard Montgomery occupy Montreal, Quebec.
1851 – The Denny Party lands at Alki Point, before moving to the other side of Elliott Bay to what would become Seattle, Washington.
1927 – The Holland Tunnel opens to traffic as the first Hudson River vehicle tunnel linking New Jersey to New York City.
1942 – World War II: Naval Battle of Guadalcanal – U.S. and Japanese ships engage in an intense, close-quarters surface naval engagement during the Battle of Guadalcanal.
1956 – The Supreme Court of the United States declares Alabama laws requiring segregated buses illegal, thus ending the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
2001 – War on Terrorism: In the first such act since World War II, US President George W. Bush signs an executive order allowing military tribunals against foreigners suspected of connections to terrorist acts or planned acts on the United States.

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November 14

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November 15

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November 16

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1776 – American Revolutionary War: British and Hessian units capture Fort Washington from the Patriots.
1776 – American Revolution: The United Provinces (Low Countries) recognize the independence of the United States.
1822 – American Old West: Missouri trader William Becknell arrives in Santa Fe, New Mexico over a route that became known as the Santa Fe Trail.
1863 – American Civil War: Battle of Campbell's Station near Knoxville, Tennessee – Confederate troops unsuccessfully attack Union forces.
1907 – Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory join to form Oklahoma, that is admitted as the 46th U.S. state.
1943 – World War II: American bombers strike a hydro-electric power facility and heavy water factory in German-controlled Vemork, Norway.
1973 – Skylab program: NASA launches Skylab 4 with a crew of three astronauts from Cape Canaveral, Florida for an 84-day mission.

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November 17

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1777 – Articles of Confederation (United States) are submitted to the states for ratification.
1800 – The United States Congress holds its first session in Washington, D.C..
1856 – American Old West: On the Sonoita River in present-day southern Arizona, the United States Army establishes Fort Buchanan in order to help control new land acquired in the Gadsden Purchase.
1863 – American Civil War: Siege of Knoxville begins – Confederate forces led by General James Longstreet place Knoxville, Tennessee, under siege.
1871 – The National Rifle Association is granted a charter by the state of New York.
1962 – President John F. Kennedy dedicates Washington Dulles International Airport, serving the Washington, D.C., region.

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November 18

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1883 – American and Canadian railroads institute five standard continental time zones, ending the confusion of thousands of local times.
1903 – The Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty is signed by the United States and Panama, giving the United States exclusive rights over the Panama Canal Zone.
1909 – Two United States warships are sent to Nicaragua after 500 revolutionaries (including two Americans) are executed by order of José Santos Zelaya.
1938 – Trade union members elect John L. Lewis as the first president of the Congress of Industrial Organizations.
1961 – United States President John F. Kennedy sends 18,000 military advisors to South Vietnam.
1993 – In the United States, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is ratified by the House of Representatives.

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November 19

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1794 – The United States and the Kingdom of Great Britain sign Jay's Treaty, which attempts to resolve some of the lingering problems left over from the American Revolutionary War.
1863 – American Civil War: U.S. President Abraham Lincoln delivers the Gettysburg Address at the dedication of the military cemetery ceremony at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
1916 – Samuel Goldwyn and Edgar Selwyn establish Goldwyn Pictures.
1944 – World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt announces the 6th War Loan Drive, aimed at selling US$14 billion in war bonds to help pay for the war effort.
1969 – Apollo program: Apollo 12 astronauts Pete Conrad and Alan Bean land at Oceanus Procellarum (the "Ocean of Storms") and become the third and fourth humans to walk on the Moon.
1998 – Clinton–Lewinsky scandal: The United States House of Representatives Judiciary Committee begins impeachment hearings against U.S. President Bill Clinton.

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November 20

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1776 – American Revolutionary War: British forces land at the Palisades and then attack Fort Lee. The Continental Army starts to retreat across New Jersey.
1789 – New Jersey becomes the first U.S. state to ratify the Bill of Rights.
1861 – American Civil War: Secession ordinance is filed by Kentucky's Confederate government.
1962 – Cuban Missile Crisis: In response to the Soviet Union agreeing to remove its missiles from Cuba, U.S. President John F. Kennedy ends the blockade of the Caribbean nation.

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November 21

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1789 – North Carolina ratifies the United States Constitution and is admitted as the 12th U.S. state.
1861 – American Civil War: Confederate President Jefferson Davis appoints Judah Benjamin secretary of war.
1902 – The Philadelphia Football Athletics defeated the Kanaweola Athletic Club of Elmira, New York, 39-0, in the first ever professional American football night game.
1942 – The completion of the Alaska Highway (also known as the Alcan Highway) is celebrated (however, the highway is not usable by general vehicles until 1943).
1969 – U.S. President Richard Nixon and Japanese Premier Eisaku Satō agree in Washington, D.C. on the return of Okinawa to Japanese control in 1972. Under the terms of the agreement, the U.S. is to retain its rights to bases on the island, but these are to be nuclear-free.
1979 – The United States Embassy in Islamabad, Pakistan is attacked by a mob and set on fire, killing four.

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November 22

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1858 – Denver, Colorado is founded.
1812 – War of 1812: 17 Indiana Rangers are killed at the Battle of Wild Cat Creek.
1864 – American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea: Confederate General John Bell Hood invades Tennessee in an unsuccessful attempt to draw Union General William T. Sherman from Georgia.
1954 – The Humane Society of the United States is founded.
1963 – In Dallas, US President John F. Kennedy is assassinated and Texas Governor John Connally is seriously wounded. Suspect Lee Harvey Oswald is later captured and charged with the murder of both the President and police officer J. D. Tippit. Oswald is shot two days later by Jack Ruby while in police custody.

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November 23

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1863 – American Civil War: Battle of Chattanooga begins – Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant reinforce troops at Chattanooga, Tennessee, and counter-attack Confederate troops.
1889 – The first jukebox goes into operation at the Palais Royale Saloon in San Francisco.
1914 – Mexican Revolution: The last of U.S. forces withdraw from Veracruz, occupied seven months earlier in response to the Tampico Affair.
1981 – Iran–Contra affair: Ronald Reagan signs the top secret National Security Decision Directive 17 (NSDD-17), giving the Central Intelligence Agency the authority to recruit and support Contra rebels in Nicaragua.

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November 24

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November 25

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November 26

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November 27

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November 28

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November 29

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November 30

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1782 – American Revolutionary War: Treaty of Paris – In Paris, representatives from the United States and the Kingdom of Great Britain sign preliminary peace articles (later formalized as the 1783 Treaty of Paris).
1803 – In New Orleans, Spanish representatives officially transfer the Louisiana Territory to a French representative. Just 20 days later, France transfers the same land to the United States as the Louisiana Purchase.
1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Franklin – The Confederate Army of Tennessee led by General John Bell Hood mounts a dramatically unsuccessful frontal assault on Union positions commanded by John McAllister Schofield around Franklin, Tennessee, with Hood losing six generals and almost a third of his troops.
1902 – American Old West: Kid Curry Logan, second-in-command of Butch Cassidy's Wild Bunch gang, is sentenced to 20 years imprisonment with hard labor.
1954 – In Sylacauga, Alabama, United States, the Hodges Meteorite crashes through a roof and hits a woman taking an afternoon nap in the only documented case of a human being hit by a rock from space.

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December

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These are the selected anniversaries for December that appear on the United States portal.

The "edit" links edit the portal subpages that are displayed as sections here.
The layout design for these subpages is at Portal:United States/Anniversaries/Layout.

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History of the United States

December 1

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1824 – 1824 United States presidential election: Since no candidate received a majority of the total electoral college votes in the election, the United States House of Representatives is given the task of deciding the winner in accordance with the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
1862 – In his State of the Union Address President Abraham Lincoln reaffirms the necessity of ending slavery as ordered ten weeks earlier in the Emancipation Proclamation.
1865 – Shaw University, the first historically black university in the southern United States, is founded in Raleigh, North Carolina.
1885 – First serving of the soft drink Dr Pepper at a drug store in Waco, Texas.
1941 – World War II: Fiorello La Guardia, Mayor of New York City and Director of the Office of Civilian Defense, signs Administrative Order 9, creating the Civil Air Patrol.
1955 – American Civil Rights Movement: In Montgomery, Alabama, seamstress Rosa Parks (pictured) refuses to give up her bus seat to a white man and is arrested for violating the city's racial segregation laws, an incident which leads to the Montgomery Bus Boycott.

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December 2

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1775 – The USS Alfred becomes the first vessel to fly the Grand Union Flag (the precursor to the Stars and Stripes); the flag is hoisted by John Paul Jones.
1823 – Monroe Doctrine: In a State of the Union message, U.S. President James Monroe proclaims American neutrality in future European conflicts, and warns European powers not to interfere in the Americas.
1845 – Manifest Destiny: In a State of the Union message, U.S. President James K. Polk proposes that the United States should aggressively expand into the West.
1899 – Philippine–American War: The Battle of Tirad Pass, termed "The Filipino Thermopylae", is fought.
1927 – Following 19 years of Ford Model T production, the Ford Motor Company unveils the Ford Model A as its new automobile.
2001 – Enron files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection five days after Dynegy cancels a US$8.4 billion buyout bid (to that point, the largest bankruptcy in U.S. history).

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December 3

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December 4

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December 5

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December 6

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December 7

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1776 – Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette arranges to enter the American military as a major general.
1787 – Delaware becomes the first state to ratify the United States Constitution.
1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Prairie Grove, Arkansas.
1869 – American outlaw Jesse James commits his first confirmed bank robbery in Gallatin, Missouri.
1941 – World War II: Attack on Pearl Harbor – The Imperial Japanese Navy attacks the United States Pacific Fleet and its defending Army Air Forces and Marine air forces at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, causing a declaration of war upon Japan by the United States.

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December 8

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December 9

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December 10

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December 11

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December 12

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December 13

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December 14

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December 15

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December 16

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1773 – American Revolution: Boston Tea Party – Members of the Sons of Liberty disguised as Mohawk Indians dump hundreds of crates of tea into Boston harbor as a protest against the Tea Act.
1811 – The first two in a series of four severe earthquakes occur in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri. These four so-called mega-quakes are believed to be an ongoing cataclysmic danger that could reprise the 1811-12 series of 2,000 quakes that affected the lands of what would be eight of today's heartland states of the United States.
1863 – American Civil War: Joseph E. Johnston replaces Braxton Bragg as commander of the Army of Tennessee.
1950 – Korean War: U.S. President Harry S. Truman declares a state of emergency, after Chinese troops enter the fight with communist North Korea.
1978 – Cleveland, Ohio becomes the first post-Depression era city to default on its loans, owing $14,000,000 to local banks.
1985 – Mafia: In New York CIty, New York, Paul Castellano and Thomas Bilotti are shot dead on the orders of John Gotti, who assumes leadership of the Gambino family.

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December 17

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December 18

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December 19

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December 20

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December 21

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1620 - Plymouth Colony: William Bradford and the Mayflower Pilgrims land on what is now known as Plymouth Rock in Plymouth, Massachusetts.
1861 - Medal of Honor: Public Resolution 82, containing a provision for a Navy Medal of Valor, is signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln.
1937 - Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, the world's first full-length animated feature, premieres at the Carthay Circle Theater.
1968 - Apollo 8, the first manned mission to the moon, is launched from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The crew performs the first ever manned Trans Lunar Injection and become the first humans to leave Earth's gravity.
1988 - A bomb explodes on board Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, killing 270.

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December 22

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December 23

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December 24

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December 25

[[Portal:United States/Anniversaries/December/December ]25]

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December 26

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December 27

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1657 – Citizens of New Netherland presented the Flushing Remonstrance to Peter Stuyvesant, the director general, requesting an exemption to his ban on Quaker worship.
1814 – The destruction of the schooner USS Carolina brings to an end Commodore Daniel Patterson's makeshift fleet, which fought a series of delaying actions that contributed to Andrew Jackson's victory at the Battle of New Orleans.
1845 – John L. O'Sullivan, in his newspaper the New York Morning News, argued that the United States had the right to claim the entire Oregon Country "by the right of our manifest destiny", popularizing the term's use.
1927 – Show Boat, considered to be the first truly American musical, opened at the Ziegfeld Theatre on Broadway.
1932 – New York City's Radio City Music Hall opened with the world's largest auditorium at the time.
1968 – Apollo 8 splashes down in the Pacific Ocean, ending the first orbital crewed mission to the Moon.

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December 28

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December 29

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December 30

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1702 – Queen Anne's War: James Moore, Governor of the Province of Carolina, abandons the Siege of St. Augustine.
1813 – British soldiers burn Buffalo, New York during the War of 1812.
1816 – The Treaty of St. Louis (1816) between the United States and the united Ottawa, Ojibwa, and Potawatomi Indian tribes is proclaimed.
1825 – The Treaty of St. Louis (1825) between the United States and the Shawnee Nation is proclaimed.
1853 – Gadsden Purchase: The United States buys land from Mexico to facilitate railroad building in the Southwest.
1905 – Former Idaho Governor Frank Steunenberg is assassinated at the front gate of his home in Caldwell.
1972 – Vietnam War: The United States halts heavy bombing of North Vietnam.

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December 31

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Military	Revolution Timeline of the War of 1812 Prelude to Civil War Spanish–American War Philippine–American War World War I World War II Cold War War on Terror Gulf War Afghanistan Iraq War
Groups	African Americans Firsts Women Feminism Rights Suffrage Colleges Dentistry Lawyers Mathematics Religion Science Warfare before 1900 1900–1949 1950–1999 2000–2010 2011–present LGBT Young people
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Years in the United States History of the United States Outline

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Federal district	Washington, D.C.
Territories	American Samoa Guam Northern Mariana Islands Puerto Rico U.S. Virgin Islands
Outlying islands	Baker Island Howland Island Jarvis Island Johnston Atoll Kingman Reef Midway Atoll Navassa Island Palmyra Atoll Wake Island

v t e Timeline of United States history
Year	Before 1760 1760–1789 1790–1819 1820–1859 1860–1899 1900–1929 1930–1949 1950–1969 1970–1989 1990–2009 2010–present
General	Civil rights movement Civil marriage Colonial America Conservatism Constitution drafting and ratification Counterculture in the 1960s COVID-19 2020 2021 Diplomatic Japan–U.S. relations Flag Terrorist attacks September 11 Statehood Voting Western Frontier
Military	Revolution Timeline of the War of 1812 Prelude to Civil War Spanish–American War Philippine–American War World War I World War II Cold War War on Terror Gulf War Afghanistan Iraq War
Groups	African Americans Firsts Women Feminism Rights Suffrage Colleges Dentistry Lawyers Mathematics Religion Science Warfare before 1900 1900–1949 1950–1999 2000–2010 2011–present LGBT Young people
Industry	Discoveries Inventions before 1890 1890–1945 1991–present Railroads Space Race
Years in the United States History of the United States Outline

v t e History of the United States by polity
States	Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming
Federal district	Washington, D.C.
Territories	American Samoa Guam Northern Mariana Islands Puerto Rico U.S. Virgin Islands
Outlying islands	Baker Island Howland Island Jarvis Island Johnston Atoll Kingman Reef Midway Atoll Navassa Island Palmyra Atoll Wake Island

v t e Timeline of United States history
Year	Before 1760 1760–1789 1790–1819 1820–1859 1860–1899 1900–1929 1930–1949 1950–1969 1970–1989 1990–2009 2010–present
General	Civil rights movement Civil marriage Colonial America Conservatism Constitution drafting and ratification Counterculture in the 1960s COVID-19 2020 2021 Diplomatic Japan–U.S. relations Flag Terrorist attacks September 11 Statehood Voting Western Frontier
Military	Revolution Timeline of the War of 1812 Prelude to Civil War Spanish–American War Philippine–American War World War I World War II Cold War War on Terror Gulf War Afghanistan Iraq War
Groups	African Americans Firsts Women Feminism Rights Suffrage Colleges Dentistry Lawyers Mathematics Religion Science Warfare before 1900 1900–1949 1950–1999 2000–2010 2011–present LGBT Young people
Industry	Discoveries Inventions before 1890 1890–1945 1991–present Railroads Space Race
Years in the United States History of the United States Outline