Philip L. Boyd Deep Canyon Desert Research Center
| Philip L. Boyd Deep Canyon Desert Research Center | |
|---|---|
   | |
| Nearest city | Palm Desert, California |
| Coordinates | 33°38′N 116°24′W / 33.633°N 116.400°W[1] |
| Area | 2,469 hectares [ha] (24.69 km2)[2] [a] |
| Created | 1958[4] |
| Operated by | University of California, Riverside |
| Website | deepcanyon |
The Philip L. Boyd Deep Canyon Desert Research Center is one of the original seven of the total 39 sites in the University of California Natural Reserve System.[5] It contains lands originally donated to the University by regent Philip L. Boyd in 1958.[6] The Research Center is contained within UNESCO's Mojave and Colorado Deserts Biosphere Reserve.[7]
Background
[edit]Deep Canyon, immediately east of the Palms to Pines Scenic Byway, is located inside the Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains National Monument at the western edge of the Colorado Desert. The canyon cuts into the north face of the Santa Rosa Mountains creating cliffs 394 metres (1,293 ft) high.[8][9] The canyon, created by an intermittent stream carrying moisture from the mountains, extends 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) dropping 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) in elevation down to 300 metres (980 ft) where an alluvial fan pours into the Coachella Valley. The temporary flows of Deep Canyon Creek seldom reach the alluvial fan and never meet Salton Sea.[10] Because the canyon lies in a rain shadow the climate is very arid and summertime temperatures reach 36 °C (97 °F).[11] The upper Sonoran, lower Sonoran, and transitional life zones are represented across this expanse.[10] The flora includes creosote bushes, palo verde trees, and ocotillo.[12] In places where water collects California fan palms and bighorn sheep can be found.[13]
The first scientific expedition to the site was carried out in 1908 by Harry Swarth and Joseph Grinnell on behalf of University of California, Berkeley's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology.[14] Philip L. Boyd, a Regent of the University of California, leased the land for the Living Desert Zoo and Gardens and invited faculty of the newly opened University of California, Riverside to use the property for research. When the need for a non-public range became evident, Boyd donated the initial 1,701 acres (6.88 km2) of land in Deep Canyon in 1958 as well as the funding to spur the University to acquire other contiguous properties. Construction began on the first hard facilities on site in 1961 and commemoration of the site with a bronze plaque took place on March 7, 1970 naming the center after Boyd.[14] The first director of the research center was Irwin P. Ting.[15] As of 2015 the director of the research center is Dr. Chris Tracy.[16]
The cactus Opuntia acanthocarpa has been studied at Agave Hill.[17] In 2010 a study of 35 species of Mutillid wasps revealed four new species, two of which (Odontophotopsis hammetti and Sphaeropthalma mankelli) are only known to exist at the center.[18] The center was the study ground for a 2013 National Science Foundation grant to develop a new method for identifying species of nematodes.[19] A series of five books (Mammals of Deep Canyon in 1968, Ants of Deep Canyon in 1973, Deep Canyon, a Desert Wilderness for Science in 1976, Birds of Deep Canyon in 1979, and Birds of Southern California's Deep Canyon in 1983) discuss the biodiversity of the area.[20]
Because of the remoteness of Deep Canyon, it hosts one of the 300 worldwide optical fiber infrasound sensors (OFIS) used to implement the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty.[21]
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- Citations
- ^ Nobel, Park S. (2003). Environmental Biology of Agaves and Cacti. Cambridge University Press. p. 1. ISBN 9780521543347.
- ^ "Philip L. Boyd Deep Canyon Desert Research Center". University of California Natural Reserve System.
- ^ Fiedler, Rumsey & Wong 2013, p. 162.
- ^ Fiedler, Rumsey & Wong 2013, pp. 161, 163.
- ^ Wagenvoord, Helen (Summer 2002). "Hidden Reserves of California". California Wild.
- ^ "Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains National Monument – Points of Interest". Bureau of Land Management. Archived from the original on 2015-06-18.
- ^ "Boyd Deep Canyon Desert Research Center". University of California.
- ^ Weathers 1983, pp. 1–2.
- ^ Frommer & Sublette 1971, p. 423.
- ^ a b Frommer & Sublette 1971, p. 414.
- ^ Weathers 1983, pp. 10–11.
- ^ Fiedler, Rumsey & Wong 2013, p. 161.
- ^ Riilbal, Rodolfo (1963). "Deep Canyon Desert Research Area and the Philip L. Boyd Desert Research Center". American Zoologist. 3 (3): 353–354. doi:10.1093/icb/3.3.353.
- ^ a b Muth, Al (Fall–Winter 2013). "A Brief History of Philip L. Boyd Deep Canyon Desert Research Center". El Paisano (217).
- ^ "Desert ecology to be study for 20 years". Redlands Daily Facts. January 31, 1973. p. 20 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "UCR Natural Reserves". University of California, Riverside. September 16, 2009.
- ^ Nobel, Park S.; Bobich, Edward G. (2002). "Plant frequency, stem and root characteristics, and CO2 uptake for Opuntia acanthocarpa: elevational correlates in the northwestern Sonoran Desert". Oecologia. 130 (2): 165–172. Bibcode:2002Oecol.130..165N. doi:10.1007/s004420100793. PMID 28547138. S2CID 20246974.
- ^ Pitts, James P.; Wilson, Joseph S.; Williams, Kevin A.; Boehme, Nicole F. (2010). "Nocturnal velvet ant males (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) of Deep Canyon, California including four new species and a fifth new species from Owens Lake Valley, California" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2553: 2. ISSN 1175-5334.
- ^ Garvey, Kathy Keatley (March 27, 2013). "NSF Grant to Steve Nadler for Study of Nematodes". University of California, Davis.
- ^ Weathers 1983, p. vii.
- ^ Fiedler, Rumsey & Wong 2013, p. 163.
- Bibliography
- Fiedler, Peggy Lee; Rumsey, Susan Gee; Wong, Kathleen Michelle, eds. (2013). The Environmental Legacy of the UC Natural Reserve System. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520272002.
- Frommer, Saul I.; Sublette, James E. (March 1971). "The Chironomidae (Diptera) of the Philip L. Boyd Deep Canyon Desert Research Center, Riverside Co., California". The Canadian Entomologist. 103 (3). Entomological Society of Canada: 414–423. doi:10.4039/Ent103414-3. S2CID 86615783.
- Weathers, Debra (1983). Birds of Southern California's Deep Canyon. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520047549.
Further reading
[edit]- Ryan, R. Mark (1968). Mammals of Deep Canyon, Colorado Desert, California. The Deep Canyon series. Palm Springs, California: Desert Museum. LCCN 68057291. OCLC 452065.
- Ting, Irwin P.; Jennings, Bill, eds. (1976). Deep Canyon, a Desert Wilderness for Science: With a Special Photographic Section, Ansel Adams' Deep Canyon. The Deep Canyon series. University of California. LCCN 76012717. OCLC 2524194.
- Wheeler, George Carlos; Wheeler, Jeanette (1973). Ants of Deep Canyon. The Deep Canyon series. Palm Desert, California: Philip L. Boyd Deep Canyon Desert Research Center (a unit of the University of California Natural Reserve System, University of California, Riverside). LCCN 73088149. OCLC 800855.
- Zabriskie, Jan G. (1979). Plants of Deep Canyon and the Central Coachella Valley, California. Lewis, Carol (drawings). Riverside, CA: Philip L. Boyd Deep Canyon Desert Research Center, University of California. pp. 175. LCCN 79063644. OCLC 6614967.