October 1953
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The following events occurred in October 1953:
- The Andhra State Act was passed in India, creating Andhra State from Telugu-speaking areas of the state of Madras. Sir Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi was appointed governor of the new state.[1]
- The United States and South Korea signed a mutual defense treaty in Washington, D.C.[2]
- Born: Grete Waitz, Norwegian Olympic marathon runner, in Oslo, as Grete Andersen (died 2011)[3][4]
- Died: John Marin, 82, US modernist artist[5]
- The 1953 Ryder Cup golf tournament, held at Wentworth Club in Virginia Water, Surrey, UK, ended in a sixth consecutive victory for the United States.[6]
- Born: Karen Bass, American politician, Mayor of Los Angeles, in Los Angeles[7]
- Died:
- Sir Arnold Bax, 69, English composer and writer, Master of the Queen's Music, of heart failure[8]
- Rosario Candela, 63, Italian-American architect[9]
- Born:
- Tchéky Karyo, French actor and musician, in Istanbul, Turkey, under the name Baruch Djaki Karyo[10]
- Andreas Vollenweider, Swiss harpist, in Zürich[11]
- U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower appointed Earl Warren Chief Justice of the United States.[12]
- Wilhelm Furtwängler made a public protest, jointly with the soloists in the Vienna State Opera's production of Don Giovanni, against the suspension of Egon Hilbert as director of the State Opera.
- The first meeting of Narcotics Anonymous was held (the first planning session was held August 17).
- UNICEF, the United Nations Children's Fund, was made a permanent specialized agency of the United Nations.
- The UK government sent troops to deal with unrest in the colony of British Guiana; Communists were blamed.[13]
- Died: Vera Mukhina, 64, Soviet sculptor and painter, of angina[14]
- Died: Emil Filla, 71, Moravian avant-garde painter, Buchenwald survivor[15]
- Died: Kathleen Ferrier, 41, English contralto singer, of breast cancer[16]
- West German federal election: Konrad Adenauer was re-elected as Chancellor of Germany.
- The British Guiana constitution was suspended.
- In a papal address, Pope Pius XII delivered "The Technician", a document instructing scientists to restrict themselves to the study of physical matter and do nothing to undermine the idea of a non-material soul or a Superior Being.[17]
- Born: Tony Shalhoub, American actor, in Green Bay, Wisconsin[18]
October 10, 1953 (Saturday)
[edit]- British pilot Monty Burton won the 1953 London to Christchurch air race (held to celebrate the centenary of the city of Christchurch, New Zealand) in under 23 hours flying time.[19]
- In the final of the 1953 Soviet Cup football tournament, FC Dynamo Moscow defeated Zenit Kuibyshev.[20]
- The Mutual Defense Treaty Between the United States and the Republic of Korea was concluded in Washington, D.C.
- Born: Midge Ure, Scottish singer-songwriter, in Cambuslang, as James Ure[21]
October 11, 1953 (Sunday)
[edit]- Died: Pauline Robinson Bush, 3, daughter of future US President George H. W. Bush and his wife Barbara, from leukemia.[22]
October 12, 1953 (Monday)
[edit]- In the Norwegian parliamentary election, the Labour Party won 77 of the 150 seats in the Storting.[23]
- Primate of Poland Stefan Wyszyński, imprisoned by the Communist government, was relocated from Rywałd to Stoczek Klasztorny.
- Three ministers from the Malta Workers Party resigned from Giorgio Borġ Olivier's coalition government following a defeat in the Legislative Assembly on a budget motion. This led to the dissolution of Parliament and a general election.[24]
- The 29th FA Charity Shield football match was played at Highbury Stadium, London, UK, and was won by Arsenal F.C. over Blackpool F.C.[25]
- The British cargo ship Beckenham ran aground and broke in two in the Kara Sea, Soviet Union.[26] The crew members were rescued by a Soviet ship.[27]
- Born: Les Dennis, British comedian and television presenter, in Liverpool, England
October 13, 1953 (Tuesday)
[edit]- Herman Wouk's play The Caine Mutiny Court-Martial, adapted from his own novel, premièred at the Granada Theatre in Santa Barbara, California, United States.[28]
October 14, 1953 (Wednesday)
[edit]- 1953 Sabena Convair CV-240 crash: A Convair CV-240 operated by Sabena crashed shortly after take-off from Frankfurt International Airport in West Germany, on a flight to Brussels, Belgium, killing all 44 people on board.[29]
- A municipal election was held in the Canadian city of Edmonton to elect six aldermen.[30]
- Qibya massacre: Israeli forces massacre 69 Palestinian civilians. [31]
October 15, 1953 (Thursday)
[edit]- Born:
- Larry Miller, American comedian
- Tito Jackson, American singer and member of the Jackson 5 (d. 2024)[32]
October 16, 1953 (Friday)
[edit]- Cuban revolutionary and future leader Fidel Castro delivered one of his most famous speeches, "History Will Absolve Me", and was sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment by the existing government for leading an attack on the Moncada Barracks.[33]
October 17, 1953 (Saturday)
[edit]![[icon]](/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (November 2015) |
October 18, 1953 (Sunday)
[edit]- Peter Brook's live television production of Shakespeare's King Lear, starring Orson Welles as Lear, was broadcast in the United States as part of the CBS television series Omnibus, hosted by Alistair Cooke.[34]
- Born: Georgi Raykov, Bulgarian Olympic wrestler, in Sofia (d. 2006)[35]
October 19, 1953 (Monday)
[edit]- During a domestic flight from Aeropuerto del Norte outside Monterrey to the Nueva Ciudad Guerrero airstrip, carrying guests to the inauguration of the Falcon Dam, a Pemex Douglas DC-3 crashed into a ravine near Mamulique, Mexico, killing all 15 people on board.[36]
- The La Rosa Incident: Arthur Godfrey, one of America's top media personalities, fired singer Julius La Rosa on the air, an event that drew considerable attention, caused some shock and resulted in significant criticism of Godfrey. The incident quickly altered public perception of Godfrey, materially damaging his career.[37][38][39][40]
- The Miss World 1953 competition was held in London, UK, and was won by Denise Perrier, Miss France.[41]
- Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451 is published by Ballantine Books.[42]
October 20, 1953 (Tuesday)
[edit]- German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer's second cabinet was sworn in.[43]
- Born : Bill Nunn, American actor (died in september 24th, 2016)
October 21, 1953 (Wednesday)
[edit]- British actor Sir John Gielgud was fined for "persistently importuning male persons for an immoral purpose" (cottaging) in Chelsea, London.[44]
October 22, 1953 (Thursday)
[edit]- Under the Treaty of Amity and Association, France recognised the independence of the Kingdom of Laos.[45]
- In the Northern Ireland general election, the Ulster Unionist Party won a large majority. Basil Brooke continued as Prime Minister.[46]
- The Japanese tanker Eiho Maru ran aground three times within 24 hours, in the River Mersey, United Kingdom.[47]
October 23, 1953 (Friday)
[edit]- Alto Broadcasting System in the Philippines made the first television broadcast in southeast Asia through DZAQ-TV. Alto Broadcasting System (ABS) was the predecessor of what would later become ABS-CBN Corporation after being bought by the Chronicle Broadcasting Network (CBN) in 1957.
- The RFA Eddyreef coastal tanker entered service with the UK's Royal Fleet Auxiliary.[48]
October 24, 1953 (Saturday)
[edit]- In the 1953 Scottish League Cup Final, held in Glasgow, East Fife F.C. defeated Partick Thistle F.C. 3–2.[49]
October 25, 1953 (Sunday)
[edit]- The US-registered fishing vessel Sea Gram was destroyed by fire at Saltery Bay in the Tenakee Inlet in Southeast Alaska.[50]
October 26, 1953 (Monday)
[edit]- Passenger service ended on the Pacific Electric Santa Monica Air Line in the United States.[51]
October 27, 1953 (Tuesday)
[edit]- The life-boat Robert Lindsay, based in Arbroath, Scotland, capsized after being hit by a huge wave and flung onto rocks at Inchcape Park. Six crew members were killed.[52]
- Egon Hilbert resigned from his position as director of the Vienna State Opera.[53]
October 28, 1953 (Wednesday)
[edit]- U.S. sports commentator Red Barber left the Brooklyn Dodgers baseball team to join the New York Yankees.[54]
October 29, 1953 (Thursday)
[edit]- U.S. Air Force pilot Frank K. "Speedy Pete" Everest set a new world speed record of 755.149 mph (1,216.021 km/h) in a North American YF-100A Super Sabre, while stationed at Edwards Air Force Base, California.[55]
- BCPA Flight 304, operated by British Commonwealth Pacific Airlines, crashed while on initial approach to San Francisco International Airport in San Mateo County, California, United States, killing all 19 people on board.[56]
- Died: William Kapell, 31, US pianist, a passenger in the fatal crash of BCPA Flight 304[57]
October 30, 1953 (Friday)
[edit]- Cold War: U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower formally approved a top-secret document of the United States National Security Council, NSC 162/2, which stated that the United States' arsenal of nuclear weapons must be maintained and expanded to counter the Communist threat (→ New Look).[58]
- Died: Alice Eastwood, 94, Canadian botanist[59]
October 31, 1953 (Saturday)
[edit]- In the 1953 Kahibah state by-election in the Australian state of New South Wales, brought about by the forced resignation of Labor MLA Joshua Arthur,[60] independent candidate Tom Armstrong won the seat.[61]
- In the 1953 Waverley state by-election in the Australian state of New South Wales, brought about by the death of Labor MLA Clarrie Martin, William Ferguson retained the seat for Labor.[62]
References
[edit]- ^ The Statesman's Year-Book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World for the Year 1956. Palgrave Macmillan UK. 2016. p. 170. ISBN 9780230270855.
- ^ "Mutual Defense Treaty Between the United States and the Republic of Korea; October 1, 1953". The Avalon Project. Lillian Goldman Law Library. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
- ^ Robbins, Liz; Weber, Bruce (19 April 2011). "Grete Waitz, Marathon Champion, Dies at 57". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
- ^ "Grete Andersen-Waitz". Olympedia. OlyMADMen. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ^ Gallery, University of Rochester Memorial Art (2006). Seeing America: Painting and Sculpture from the Collection of the Memorial Art Gallery of the University of Rochester. University of Rochester Press. p. 217. ISBN 978-1-58046-246-4 – via Google Books.
- ^ "Americans in Ryder Cup win". Eugene Register-Guard. Associated Press. October 4, 1953. p. 2D – via Google News.
- ^ "Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress - Retro Member details".
- ^ Fry, Helen (2008). Music and Men, the Life and Loves of Harriet Cohen. Stroud: The History Press. p. 284. ISBN 978-0-7509-4817-3.
- ^ "Newsday (Nassau Edition)". 7 October 1953. p. 93 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Tcheky Karyo Biography". www.premiere.fr. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
- ^ "Andreas Vollenweider Biography, Songs, & Albums". AllMusic. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
- ^ Cray, Ed (1997). Chief Justice: A Biography of Earl Warren. pp. 289–290. ISBN 978-0-684-80852-9.
- ^ "Britain sends troops to Guiana". On This Day. BBC. 6 October 1953. Retrieved 10 January 2008.
- ^ "Vera Mukhina e sua obra-prima realista, socialista e feminista - Portal Vermelho" [Vera Mukhina and Her Realistic, Socialist and Feminist Masterpiece]. www.vermelho.org.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 24 October 2019.
- ^ "Emil Filla". Buchenwald Memorial. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
- ^ "Biography of Kathleen Ferrier". Kathleen Ferrier Society. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
- ^ The Pope Speaks. Our Sunday Visitor, Incorporated. 1980. p. 291.
- ^ "Today's famous birthdays list for October 9, 2021 includes celebrities Tony Shalhoub, Sharon Osbourne". 9 October 2021.
- ^ "The Centenary Air Race, London To Christchurch" (PDF). The Airpost Journal. November 1953. p. 44.
- ^ "1953 Soviet football season". RSSSF. Retrieved 2 January 2022.
- ^ The Virgin Encyclopedia of 70s Music. Virgin. 2002. p. 405. ISBN 9781852279479.
- ^ Hendrix, Steve (April 18, 2018). "'One last time': Barbara Bush had already faced a death more painful than her own". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 19, 2018.
- ^ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1438 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
- ^ Keesing's Contemporary Archives, p13475
- ^ Woodcock, John (13 October 1953). "Arsenal's splendid victory". The Manchester Guardian. p. 8.
- ^ "British Steamer Breaks in Two". The Times. No. 52751. London. 13 October 1953. col A, p. 7.
- ^ "Crew of British Ship at Archangel". The Times. No. 52755. London. 17 October 1953. col C, p. 5.
- ^ The New York Times Theater Reviews, 1920-1970. Vol. 6. New York Times. 1971. p. 44.
- ^ "Accident description". aviation-safety.net. 1996. Retrieved 17 July 2020.
- ^ "Election History". City of Edmonton: Elections and Census Office. Retrieved 2 January 2022.
- ^ Ganin, Zvi (2005). An Uneasy Relationship: American Jewish Leadership and Israel, 1948-1957. ISBN 9780815630517.
- ^ Willman, Chris (16 September 2024). "Tito Jackson, Founding Member of the Jackson 5, Dies at 70". Variety. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
- ^ Skierka, Volker (2004). Fidel Castro: A Biography. Polity Press. p. 36. ISBN 0-7456-3006-5.
- ^ Crosby, John (22 October 1953). "Orson Welles as King Lear on TV is Impressive". New York Herald Tribune. Retrieved 22 October 2023 – via wellesnet.com.
- ^ "Georgi Raykov". Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 8 November 2012. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
- ^ Aviation Safety Network: Accident Description
- ^ Shulman, Arthur; Youman, Roger (1966). How Sweet It Was (PDF). Bonanza Books, a division of Crown Publishers, Inc., by arrangement with Shorecrest, Inc. p. 57. ISBN 0517081350. OCLC 36258864. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
La Rosa, whose on-the-air firing (for 'lack of humility') caused a major sensation in television [photograph caption]
- ^ Hanson, Andrew (June 30, 2010). "Julius La Rosa". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ^ Garrett, Tom (August 10, 2011). "Awkward Moments in Entertainment History: Arthur Godfrey Fires Julius La Rosa". The Axis of Ego. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ^ Slewinski, Christy (October 19, 2012). "This Day in TV History: 1953 - Arthur Godfrey Fires Julius La Rosa". TV Worth Watching. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ^ (in French) Denise Perrier : la Miss Monde 1953 de retour sur ses terres natales, Bugeycotiere.fr, 20 September 2019
- ^ "Books Published Today". The New York Times: 19. October 19, 1953.
- ^ Edwards, G. E. (1998). German Political Parties: A Documentary Guide. University of Wales Press. p. 239. ISBN 9780708314173.
- ^ "Fine For "Persistently Importuning"". The Times. No. 52759. London. 22 October 1953. p. 5.
- ^ Stuart-Fox, Martin (2008). Historical Dictionary of Laos. Scarecrow Press. p. 111. ISBN 9780810864115.
- ^ "Northern Ireland Parliamentary Election Results". Archived from the original on 16 November 2017.
- ^ "News in Brief". The Times. No. 52760. London. 23 October 1953. col G, p. 4.
- ^ "RFA Eddyreef". www.historicalrfa.org. Retrieved 16 November 2009.
- ^ "Christie's Classic Counter Captures Cup". The Evening Times. 24 October 1953 – via Partick Thistle History Archive.
- ^ alaskashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (S)
- ^ "Pacific Electric Santa Monica Air Line". erha.org. Retrieved 7 September 2020.
- ^ "Lifeboat disaster anniversary". Arbroath Herald. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ "Musical Jottings". Musical Courier. 1953. p. 25.
- ^ "Red Barber made New York Switch". Baseball Hall. Retrieved 5 January 2022.
- ^ Angelucci, Enzo (1987). The American Fighter: The Definitive Guide to American Fighter Aircraft From 1917 to the Present. New York: Orion Books. p. 352. ISBN 0-517-56588-9.
- ^ Aviation Safety Network: Accident Description
- ^ "Kapell: Truly American Craftsman Of Music". The Sydney Morning Herald. 31 October 1953. Retrieved 29 December 2022 – via Trove.
- ^ Isenberg, Michael T. Shield of the Republic: The United States Navy in an Era of Cold War and Violent Peace. Vol. I: 1945-1962. New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 592. ISBN 0-312-09911-8.
- ^ Harmond, Richard A; Hammond, Lorne F (1997). Biographical Dictionary of American and Canadian Naturalists and Environmentalists. Greenwood Press. p. 235. ISBN 9780313230479.
- ^ "Mr Joshua George Arthur (1906-1974)". Former members of the Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ Green, Antony. "1953 Kahibah by-election". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 24 September 2019.
- ^ Green, Antony. "1953 Waverley by-election". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 22 March 2021.