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List of icebreakers

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of icebreakers and other special icebreaking vessels (except cargo ships and tankers) capable of operating independently in ice-covered waters. Ships known to be in service are presented in bold.[1][2]

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Argentina

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Australia

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Austria

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Azerbaijan

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Canada

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See also: ICE Pact

Canadian Coast Guard

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CCGS Louis S. St-Laurent in Halifax Harbour

Royal Canadian Navy

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Commercial

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  • Canmar Kigoriak (1979–2003; sold to Russia)
  • Robert LeMeur (1982–1997; sold to China)
  • Terry Fox (1983–1991; leased and later sold to the Canadian Coast Guard)
  • Arctic Kalvik (1983–2003; sold to Russia)
  • Ikaluk (1983–1998; Canmar Ikaluk since 1995; sold to Russia)
  • Miscaroo (1983–1998; Canmar Miscaroo since 1995; sold to Russia)
  • Arctic Ivik (1985–1997; sold and later converted to survey vessel Geco Snapper)
  • Polar S (2000–2022; ex-Njord, ex-Polar Star; broken up)
  • Polar Prince (2000–; ex-CCGS Sir Humphrey Gilbert)
  • Arcticaborg (2018–2019; transferred to Russia)

China

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State Oceanic Administration

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Polar Research Institute of China

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North Sea Branch

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People's Liberation Army Navy

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  • Type 071 icebreaker
    • Haibing 722 (海冰722, "Sea Ice 722") (1971–2013; in reserve)
    • Haibing 721 (海冰721, "Sea Ice 721") (1973–2013; transferred to the China Coast Guard)
  • Type 210 icebreaker
    • Haibing 723 (海冰723, "Sea Ice 723") (1982–2012; transferred to the China Coast Guard)
  • Type 272 icebreaker
    • Haibing 722 (海冰722, "Sea Ice 722") (2016–)
    • Haibing 723 (海冰723, "Sea Ice 723") (2016–)

China Coast Guard

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  • Donghai 519 (东海519, "East China Sea 519") (2013–; ex-Haibing 721)
  • Haijing 6401 (中国海警6401; "China Coast Guard 6401") (2012–; ex-Haibing 723, ex-Haijing 1411)

Sun Yat-sen University

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Chinese Academy of Sciences

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Other

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  • Bin Hai 293 (滨海293, "Coastal 293") (1997–2016; ex-Robert LeMeur; broken up)[24]
  • Beijing Ocean Leader (2018–2021; ex-Ikaluk, ex-Smit Sibu, ex-Canmar Ikaluk; sold to Sun Yat-sen University)

Chile

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Chilean Navy

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Denmark

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Danbjørn, Isbjørn and Thorbjørn moored at Frederikshavn

Estonia

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Estonian Maritime Museum

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  • Suur Tõll (1922–1940; museum ship in Tallinn since 1987)

Estonian Maritime Administration

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  • Tarmo (1993–; purchased from Finland)
  • EVA 316 (1995–; ex-Lonna; purchased from Finland and converted for icebreaking)

Port of Tallinn

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  • Karu (1988–2002; ex-Karhu, ex-Kapitan Chubakov; purchased from Finland and sold to Russia)
  • Botnica (2012–; purchased from Finland)

Finland

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See also: ICE Pact

State-owned icebreakers

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Steam-powered

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Steam-powered icebreakers Tarmo and Jääkarhu

Diesel-electric

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Six modern Finnish icebreakers docked for the summer season at Katajanokka, Helsinki

Finnish Navy

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  • Louhi (1975–1986; ex-Sisu; broken up)
  • Louhi (2011–)

Alfons Håkans

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  • Zeus of Finland (1995–; ex-Zeus)
  • Thetis (2016–2023; ex-Storm Express, ex-Maersk Shipper, ex-Maersk Placentia, ex-Placentia Bay; sold to Russia)[33]

City of Kemi

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France

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French Navy

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Compagnie du Ponant

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Other

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  • L'Astrolabe (1988–2017; ex-Austral Fish, ex-Fort Resolution; decommissioned and sold to private company)

Germany

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See also: Icebreakers of Germany

Historical

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  • Elbe (1911–??; museum ship)
  • Hindenburg (1916–1918; sunk by mine)
  • Stettin (1933–1981; museum ship)
  • Wal (1938–1990; museum ship)
  • Castor (1941–1945; sunk by mine but later raised by the Soviet Union)
  • Eisvogel (1942–1945; handed over to the Soviet Union)
  • Eisbär (1942–1946; handed over to the Soviet Union)
  • Pollux (1943–1945; sunk by mine)

Alfred-Wegener-Institut

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  • Polarstern (1982–)
  • New icebreaking polar research vessel is expected to enter service in 2027.[36]

Other

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Italy

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Japan

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Imperial Japanese Navy

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Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force

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  • Fuji (1965–1985; museum ship)
  • Shirase (1981–2008; sold to private company)
  • Shirase (2008–)

Japan Coast Guard

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Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

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Kazakhstan

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The following icebreaking supply ships are operating or have operated in the Kazakh Caspian Sea oil fields:

  • Arcticaborg (1998–2018; transferred to Canada)
  • Antarcticaborg (1998–2019; sold to Russia)
  • Tulpar (2002–)
  • Mangystau-class icebreaking tugs
    • Mangystau-1 (2010–2023; transferred to Turkmenian flag)
    • Mangystau-2 (2010–2020; transferred to Turkmenian flag)
    • Mangystau-3 (2011–)
    • Mangystau-4 (2011–)
    • Mangystau-5 (2011–)

Kazakhstani Coast Guard

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  • Kazhymukan (2016–)

Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Kazakhstan

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  • Ledokol-2 (1984–)

Latvia

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Netherlands

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Greenpeace

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Other

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Norway

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Poland

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  • Kuna (1884–; oldest in service river icebreaker in the world)
  • Perkun (1963–1993; broken up)

Russia

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Icebreakers

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The following lists include icebreakers owned and/or operated by either governmental or commercial entities.

Nuclear-powered icebreakers

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Russian nuclear-powered icebreaker Yamal

Diesel-powered icebreakers

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Kapitan Khlebnikov en route to Wrangel Island

Steam-powered icebreakers

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Steam-powered icebreaker Yermak

Other icebreaking vessels

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Rescue and salvage vessels

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Offshore vessels

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The following Russian-owned, -operated and/or -flagged icebreaking anchor handling tug supply vessels, platform supply vessels, standby vessels etc. are or have been engaged primarily in offshore oil and gas projects:

In addition, the following shallow-draught icebreaking offshore vessels operate in the Russian sector of the Caspian Sea oil fields:

Patrol and naval vessels

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The following icebreakers and other icebreaking vessels are or have been in service with the Russian Navy, Russian Border Guard, and their predecessors:

Research and survey vessels

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South Africa

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South Korea

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  • Araon (2009–)
  • A new research icebreaker is expected to enter service by 2027[156]

Soviet Union

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See Russia

Sweden

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Swedish Maritime Administration

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Swedish icebreaker Ymer
  • Sankt Erik (1915–1977; ex-Isbrytaren II (−1959); museum ship since 1977)
  • Atle (1926–1967; ex-Statsisbrytaren (−1931); broken up)[157]
  • Ymer (1933–1977; broken up)[158]
  • Thule (1953–1998; broken up)[159]
  • Oden (1957–1988; broken up)[160]
  • Tor (1964–2000; sold to Russia)[79]
  • Njord (1969–2000; sold and renamed Polar Star)[161]
  • Ale (1973–)
  • Atle class
  • Oden (1988–)
  • Idun (2024–; purchased from Norway)[162]
  • New icebreaker is expected to be delivered in 2027 and enter service in 2028[163]

Trans Viking Icebreaking & Offshore

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Three icebreaking anchor handling tug supply vessels were chartered by the Swedish Maritime Administration for escort icebreaking duties in the Baltic Sea until 2015.

Turkmenistan

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  • Mangystau-2 (2020–2021; sold to Canada)
  • Mangystau-1 (2023–)

Ukraine

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United Kingdom

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HMS Protector

United States

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See also: ICE Pact

United States Coast Guard

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USCGC Polar Star (WAGB-10)
USCGC Healy

National Science Foundation

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Edison Chouest Offshore

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References

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