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List of commanders-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti

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Commander-in-Chief of the
Armed Forces of Haiti
Commandant en chef des
Forces armées d'Haïti
Kòmandan an chèf
Fòs Lame d'Ayiti
Insignia of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Haiti
Incumbent
Lieutenant general Derby Guerrier
Acting 
since 20 August 2024
Armed Forces of Haiti
Reports toDefense Minister
SeatGrand Quartier Général des Forces Armées d'Haiti, Port-au-Prince
AppointerPresident of Haiti
Formation1 August 1934[a]
First holderColonel Démosthènes Pétrus Calixte[a]

This article lists the commanders-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti (French: Forces Armées d'Haïti—FAd'H), from the end of the U.S. occupation in 1934 through the disbandment of the FAd'H in 1995, during the Operation Uphold Democracy, until the reinstatement of the FAd'H in 2017.

Officeholders

[edit]

Commanders of the Guard of Haiti

[edit]
No. Portrait Commander of the Guard Took office Left office Time in office Defence branch
1
Démosthènes Pétrus Calixte
Calixte, Démosthènes PétrusColonel
Démosthènes Pétrus Calixte
(c. 1899–?)		1 August 19349 January 19383 years, 161 daysHaitian Army
2
Jules André
André, JulesColonel
Jules André		9 January 193828 August 19446 years, 232 daysHaitian Army
3
Franck Lavaud
Lavaud, FranckColonel
Franck Lavaud
(1903–1986)		28 August 19445 September 19462 years, 8 daysHaitian Army

Chiefs of the General Staff of the Army

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No. Portrait Chief of the General Staff Took office Left office Time in office Defence branch Ref.
(3)
Franck Lavaud
Lavaud, FranckBrigadier general
Franck Lavaud
(1903–1986)		5 September 19466 December 19504 years, 92 daysHaitian Army–
4
Antoine Levelt [fr]
Levelt, AntoineBrigadier general
Antoine Levelt [fr]
(1910–?)		6 December 195013 December 19566 years, 7 daysHaitian Army–
5
Léon Cantave
Cantave, LéonBrigadier general
Léon Cantave
(1910–1967)		13 December 195626 May 1957164 daysHaitian Army–
6
Antonio Thrasybule Kébreau
Kébreau, Antonio ThrasybuleBrigadier general
Antonio Thrasybule Kébreau
(1909–1963)		26 May 195712 March 1958290 daysHaitian Army[1]
7
Maurice P. Flambert
Flambert, Maurice P.Major general
Maurice P. Flambert		12 March 19587 December 1958269 daysHaitian Army[2]
8
Pierre Merceron
Merceron, PierreMajor general
Pierre Merceron		7 December 19586 September 19612 years, 273 daysHaitian Army–
9
Jean-René Boucicault
Boucicault, Jean-RenéBrigadier general
Jean-René Boucicault		7 September 19619 August 1962336 daysHaitian Army–
10
Gérard Constant
Constant, GérardBrigadier general
Gérard Constant		9 August 19628 December 19708 years, 121 daysHaitian Army–
11
Claude Raymond
Raymond, ClaudeLieutenant general
Claude Raymond		8 December 197011 August 19732 years, 246 daysHaitian Army[3][4]
12
Jean-Baptiste Hilaire
Hilaire, Jean-BaptisteLieutenant general
Jean-Baptiste Hilaire		11 August 19736 September 19785 years, 26 daysHaitian Army–
13
Roger Saint-Albin
Saint-Albin, RogerLieutenant general
Roger Saint-Albin		7 September 197823 March 19845 years, 198 daysHaitian Army–
14
Henri Namphy
Namphy, HenriLieutenant general
Henri Namphy
(1932–2018)		23 March 19844 November 19873 years, 226 daysHaitian Army–

Commanders-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti

[edit]
No. Portrait Commander-in-chief Took office Left office Time in office Defence branch Ref.
(14)
Henri Namphy
Namphy, HenriLieutenant general
Henri Namphy
(1932–2018)		4 November 198717 June 1988226 daysHaitian Army[5]
–
Morton Gousse
Gousse, MortonBrigadier general
Morton Gousse
Acting
[b]		17 June 198819 June 19882 daysHaitian Army[6]
15
Carl-Michel Nicolas
Nicolas, Carl-MichelMajor general
Carl-Michel Nicolas
[c]		19 June 198817 September 198890 daysHaitian Army[6]
16
Prosper Avril
Avril, ProsperLieutenant general
Prosper Avril
(born 1937)		17 September 198810 March 19901 year, 174 daysHaitian Army[7][8]
17
Hérard Abraham
Abraham, HérardLieutenant general
Hérard Abraham
(1940–2022)		10 March 19902 July 19911 year, 114 daysHaitian Army–
18
Raoul Cédras
Cédras, RaoulLieutenant general
Raoul Cédras
(born 1949)
[d]		2 July 199110 October 19943 years, 100 daysHaitian Army[9]
–
Jean-Claude Duperval
Duperval, Jean-ClaudeMajor general
Jean-Claude Duperval
(1947–2020)
Acting		10 October 199417 November 199438 daysHaitian Army[10][11]
19
Bernardin Poisson
Poisson, BernardinBrigadier general
Bernardin Poisson
(born 1948)		17 November 199420 February 199595 daysHaitian Army[12][13][14]
Armed Forces disbanded
(20 February 1995 – 17 November 2017)
–
Jodel Lessage
Lessage, JodelLieutenant general
Jodel Lessage
(born 1954)
Acting		17 November 201721 August 20246 years, 278 daysHaitian Army[15]
–
Derby Guerrier
Guerrier, DerbyLieutenant general
Derby Guerrier
Acting		21 August 2024Incumbent80 daysHaitian Army[16]

Timeline

[edit]
Derby GuerrierJodel LessageBernardin PoissonJean-Claude DupervalRaoul CédrasHérard AbrahamProsper AvrilCarl-Michel NicolasMorton GousseHenri NamphyRoger Saint-AlbinJean-Baptiste HilaireClaude Raymond (Haitian general)Gérard ConstantJean-René BoucicaultPierre MerceronMaurice P. FlambertAntonio Thrasybule KébreauLéon CantaveAntoine LeveltFranck LavaudJules André (Haitian general)Démosthènes Pétrus Calixte

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b Commander of the Guard of Haiti.
  2. ^ Dismissed following the June 1988 coup d'état.
  3. ^ Dismissed following the September 1988 coup d'état.
  4. ^ Staged the 1991 coup d'état. Afterwards served as de facto leader of Haiti from 1991 to 1994.

References

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  1. ^ "Army Change in Haiti Replaces 'Strong Man'". The New York Times. 14 March 1958. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
  2. ^ "DUVALIER OUSTS HAITI ARMY CHIEF; Thwarting of Plot Is Hinted as Police Head Is Placed In Charge of Forces". The New York Times. 8 December 1958. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  3. ^ "Haiti Shuffles Top Officials For Second Time in 2 Days". The New York Times. Associated Press. 13 August 1973. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  4. ^ Eric Pace (11 February 2000). "Claude Raymond, 70, Duvalier Era General". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  5. ^ "HAITIAN ARMY COMMANDER IS FIRED". The Washington Post. 18 June 1988. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
  6. ^ a b James Rupert (20 June 1988). "MILITARY STAGES COUP IN HAITI". The Washington Post. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
  7. ^ Julia Preston (19 September 1988). "NEW GENERAL INSTALLED FOLLOWING HAITIAN COUP". The Washington Post. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
  8. ^ Lee Hockstader (11 March 1990). "EMBATTLED RULER QUITS IN HAITI". The Washington Post. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  9. ^ Douglas Farah, William Booth (11 October 1994). "LAST TWO OF HAITI'S MILITARY TRIUMVIRATE QUIT". The Washington Post. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
  10. ^ "New leader is considered to be weaker, low key". Tampa Bay Times. 11 October 1994. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
  11. ^ Larry Rohter (18 November 1994). "Aristide Ousts Acting Army Chief". The New York Times. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
  12. ^ Edward Cody (18 November 1994). "ARISTIDE PICKS NEW ARMY CHIEF". The Washington Post. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
  13. ^ "Aristide appoints army chief". Tampa Bay Times. 18 November 1994. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
  14. ^ "Aristide purges top army officers". The Baltimore Sun. 22 February 1995. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
  15. ^ "Haiti - FLASH : President Moïse appoints acting Commander-in-Chief of the Army of Haiti". haitilibre.com. 18 November 2017. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
  16. ^ "General Derby Guerrier Assumes Official Command of the Haitian Armed Forces". lenouvelliste.com. 20 August 2024. Retrieved 20 August 2024.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Daniel Supplice, Bibliographic dictionary of political personalities of the Republic of Haiti 1804–2001. Lanno Imprimerie, Belgium 2001, ISBN 9993562300
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