List of Sierra Leone Creole people
Appearance
The list of Sierra Leone Creole people is an incomplete list of notable individuals of Creole ethnicity and ancestry. The Sierra Leone Creole people, who are also referred to as (Krio: Krio people), are the descendants of African-Americans, Jamaican Maroons and Liberated Africans who settled in Freetown between 1787 and around 1885.[1][2][3]
This list is ordered by category of human endeavour. Persons who have a Wikipedia article containing references showing that they are of Sierra Leone Creole descent, and have made significant contributions in two fields, are listed in both of the pertinent categories, to facilitate easy look-up.
Academic figures
[edit]Economists
[edit]- Yvonne Aki-Sawyerr (born 1967), economist and chartered accountant[4]
- David Omashola Carew, economist and former minister of finance[5]
- Noah Arthur Cox-George (1915–2004), professor of economics and dean at Fourah Bay College[6]
- Omotunde E.G. Johnson (born 1941), economist and senior research associate at the IMF[7]
Educational administrators
[edit]- Hannah Benka-Coker (née: Luke) (1903–1952), educator and founder of Freetown Secondary School for Girls[8]
- Henry Rawlingson Carr (1863–1945), administrator and director of education[9][10][11]
- Bertha Conton (1923– 2022), educator, and founder of Leone Preparatory School[12]
- William Farquhar Conton (1925–2003), historian, author and chief education officer[13]
- Florence Agnes Dillsworth (1937–2000), former principal of St. Joseph's Convent School and one-time mayor of Freetown[14]
- Cassandra Garber, former headmistress at Freetown Secondary School for Girls and current president of the Krio Descendants Union[15]
- Sam Franklyn Gibson (born 1951), educator and one-time mayor of Freetown[16]
- Lati Hyde-Forster (1911–2001), first African principal of Annie Walsh Memorial School and first female graduate of Fourah Bay College[17][18]
Engineers
[edit]- Ogunlade Davidson (1949–2022), senior Fulbright fellow, professor of mechanical engineering and dean at Fourah Bay College[19]
- Thomas Frederick Hope (1919–1996), first chief engineer, Guma Valley Water Company and first chairman, Ecobank Transnational Incorporated[20][21]
- Trudy Morgan (born 1966), first African woman to be awarded a fellowship of the Institution of Civil Engineers[22]
Historians
[edit]- Violet Showers Johnson, professor of history and director of Africana studies at Texas A&M University[23]
- Florence Peters Mahoney (born 1929), Fulbright professor of African history and first Gambian woman to be awarded a PhD[24]
- Arthur Daniel Porter III (1924–2019), author, professor of history and university administrator[25]
- Aaron Belisarius Sibthorpe (c. 1830–1916), nineteenth century historian[26]
- Akintola Gustavus Wyse (died 2002), author and professor of history at Fourah Bay College[27]
Humanists and political theorists
[edit]- Nicholas G.J. Ballanta (born: Nicholas Taylor) (1893–1962), musicologist and Guggenheim Fellow, who pioneered the scientific study of the musical conceptions of African people[28]
- Edward Wilmot Blyden III (1918–2010), political scientist and former dean at Fourah Bay College[29]
- Reginald Akindele Cline-Cole, author, associate professor and developmental geographer[30]
- Delia Jarrett-Macauley (born 1958), multi-disciplinary scholar in history, literature and cultural politics who is a fellow of the Royal Society of Arts[31][32]
- Victor Okrafo-Smart, author and genealogical researcher
- Abiodun Williams (born 1961), professor of practice and former president of The Hague Institute for Global Justice[33]
Legal scholars
[edit]- James Ayodele Jenkins-Johnston (1946–2017), barrister and legal scholar in Professional Practice and Ethics at the Sierra Leone Law School[34]
- George Gelaga King (1932–2016), former judge and legal scholar at the Sierra Leone Law School who was a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts
- John Bankole Thompson (1936–2021), judge and former professor in the department of Criminal Justice and Police Studies at Eastern Kentucky University[35]
Linguists and literary theorists
[edit]- Dennis Bright, academic in francophone studies and former director of the Franco-Sierra Leonean Pedagogical Centre[36]
- Gladys Casely-Hayford (1904–1950), poet, playwright and first author to write in the Krio language[37]
- Thomas Decker (1916–1978), linguist, poet, and Krio language revisionist[38]
- Clifford Nelson Fyle (1933–2006), professor of english and co-author of the Krio-English Dictionary[39]
- Lemuel A. Johnson (1941–2002), poet, literary critic and professor of english at the University of Michigan[40]
- Eldred Durosimi Jones (1925–2020), linguist, literary critic, university professor and principal of Fourah Bay College[41]
- Eustace Palmer, literary critic, public orator and professor of english at the University of Texas[42]
Scientists
[edit]- Charles Farrell Easmon (born 1946), professor and clinical director of medical microbiology at St Mary's Hospital Medical School[43][44]
- Enid Ayodele Forde (1932–2010), geospatial analyst, chair of the geography department at Fourah Bay College and first Sierra Leonean woman to gain a PhD[45]
- Monty Patrick Jones (born 1961), agronomist, research professor and former minister of agriculture, forestry and food security[46]
- Tanniemola Liverpool (born 1971), author and professor of theoretical physics at University of Bristol[47]
- Abioseh Davidson Nicol (1925–1994), physician, biomedical researcher, professor and first Sierra Leonean principal of Fourah Bay College[48][49]
Theologians
[edit]- Edward Fasholé-Luke (born 1934) academic and Anglican theologian
- Thomas Sylvester Johnson (1873–1955), educator, theologian and former bishop of Sierra Leone[50]
- Lamina Sankoh (born: Etheldred Jones) (1884–1964), cleric, theologian and philosopher who taught at various historically black colleges in the United States[51][52]
- Harry Alphonso Sawyerr (1909–1986), writer and Anglican theologian
Actors and actresses
[edit]- Paul Barber (born 1951), actor best known for his roles in Only Fools and Horses and The Full Monty[53][54]
- Nzinga Christine Blake (born 1981), actress and winner of the Emmy awards for best executive producer[55]
- Chadwick Boseman (1976–2020), actor and winner of the Golden Globe Awards[56]
- Jeillo Edwards (1942–2004), actress and graduate of the Guildhall School of Music and Drama[57]
- Idris Elba (born 1972), actor and winner of the BET and Golden Globe Awards[58]
- Desmond Finney, actor and nominee for the Zafaa Global Film Awards[59]
- Cornelius Macarthy, actor and winner of the London Independent Film Festival Awards[60][61]
Aviators and military figures
[edit]- Tom Carew, Major-General and former chief of defence staff[62]
- Emmanuel Cole (1907–1972), soldier and hero of the "Gunners Revolt"[63]
- James Pinson Davies (1828–1906), merchant, former British naval officer and later agronomist known as the pioneer of cocoa farming in West Africa[64]
- Adesanya Kwamina Hyde (1915–1993), diplomat and former aviator in the Royal Air Force awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for acts of valour and courage[65][66]
- Andrew Juxon-Smith (1931–1996), former commander of the armed forces and head of state of Sierra Leone[67]
- Arthur Nelson-Williams, Brigadier-General and former chief of defence staff[68]
- Richard Akinwande Savage (1903–1993), medical doctor and first West African to serve as a British Army officer[69][70]
- John Clavell Smythe (1915–1996), former Royal Air Force aviation officer, barrister and attorney-general of Sierra Leone[71]
- Valentine Strasser (born 1967), former army officer and head of state of Sierra Leone[72]
- Emanuel Adeniyi Thomas (1914–1945), first black African to qualify as a pilot and first West African commissioned to serve as a Royal Air Force officer[73]
Beauty pageant winners and models
[edit]- Tyrilla Gouldson (born 1984), beauty pageant contestant who represented Sierra Leone at the Miss World 2008[74]
- Enid Jones-Boston (born 1995), model and beauty pageant contestant who represented Sierra Leone at the Miss World 2019[75]
- Twilla Ojukutu-Macauley (born 1967), model and beauty pageant contestant who represented Sierra Leone at the Miss World 1988[76]
- Neyorlyn Melrose Williams (born 1991), model and beauty pageant contestant who represented Sierra Leone at the Miss World 2010
- Vanessa Williams (born 1990), model and beauty pageant contestant who represented Sierra Leone at the Miss World 2012
Composers
[edit]- Nicholas G.J. Ballanta (born: Nicholas Taylor) (1893–1962), composer and music scholar[28]
- Avril Coleridge-Taylor (1903–1998), pianist–composer and first female conductor at HMS Royal Marines and the London Symphony Orchestra[77]
- Samuel Coleridge-Taylor (1875–1912), composer and conductor best known for his cantata Hiawatha's Wedding Feast[78]
- Yulisa Amadu Maddy (born: Pat Maddy) (1936–2014), composer, journalist and writer[79]
Creole-descended families
[edit]Diplomats
[edit]- Edward Wilmot Blyden III (1918–2010), diplomat, political scientist and educator[29]
- Collins O. Bright (born 1917), special envoy and diplomat
- Adesanya Kwamina Hyde (1915–1993), diplomat and former airman in the Royal Air Force[65][66]
- John Ernst Leigh, diplomat and former presidential candidate for the Sierra Leone People's Party[80]
- Desmond Fashole Luke (1935–2021), diplomat, former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and one-time Minister of Health[81]
- Abiodun Williams (born 1961), academic, diplomat and former president of The Hague Institute for Global Justice[33]
Entrepreneurs and businesspersons
[edit]- Richard Beale Blaize (1845–1904), Sierra Leonean-Nigerian businessman, newspaper publisher, financier, and black nationalist[82][83]
- James Pinson Davies (1828–1906), merchant, former British Naval officer and later agronomist known as the pioneer of cocoa farming in West Africa[64]
- John Ezzidio (1810–1872), businessman, politician and pre-municipality era mayor of Freetown[84][85]
- Thomas Frederick Hope (1919–1996), first engineer-in-chief, Guma Valley Water Company and first chairman, Ecobank Transnational Incorporated[20][21]
- Maximiliano Jones (1871–1944), farmer and millionaire[86]
- Henry Olufemi Macauley (born 1962), businessman with expertise in the oil industries and former Minister of Energy
- Sir Ernest Dunstan Morgan (1896–1979), pharmaceutical entrepreneur and philanthropist
- Samuel Herbert Pearse, wealthy Nigerian businessman and legislator of Sierra Leone Creole decent[87]
- John 'Johnny' Taylor (died 1898), Sierra Leone Creole merchant during 1898 Hut Tax War
- John Malamah Thomas (1844–1922), entrepreneur and mayor of Freetown from 1904 to 1912[88]
- Samuel Benjamin Thomas (1833–1901), philanthropist, entrepreneur and one of the richest men in 19th-century Africa[89]
- William Vivour (1830–1890), single most successful 19th-century planter in Africa[90][91]
- Frederica Williams (born 1958), president and chief executive officer at Whittier Street Health Center[92]
Human-rights activists
[edit]- Herbert Christian Bankole-Bright (1883–1958), political activist, medical doctor and founder of the National Council of Sierra Leone[93]
- James Desmond Buckle (1910–1964), trade unionist and political activist[94][95]
- Adelaide Casely-Hayford (1868–1960), activist of cultural nationalism, writer, feminist and pioneer of women's education in Sierra Leone[96]
- FannyAnn Eddy (1974–2004), activist for LGBT rights
- Edna Elliott-Horton (1904–1994), political activist and first West African woman to complete a BA degree in the liberal arts[97]
- Herbert Olayinka Macauley (1864–1946), political activist and founder of Nigerian nationalism[98]
- Lamina Sankoh (born: Etheldred Jones) (1884–1964), political activist, educator, banker and cleric who founded the "Peoples Party" which eventually became the Sierra Leone People's Party (SLPP)[51][52]
- Nancy Victoria Steele (1923–2001), labour activist, founder and leader of the National Congress of Sierra Leone Women[99]
- Isaac Wallace-Johnson (1894–1965), political activist and trade unionist during the colonial era[100]
Judges and barristers
[edit]- Sir Samuel Bankole-Jones (1911- 1981), former Chief Justice and first Sierra Leonean president of the Court of Appeal[101]
- Sir Salako Benka-Coker (1900–1965), first Sierra Leonean Chief Justice of the Supreme Court[102]
- Nicholas Colin Browne-Marke (born 1957), judge in the Supreme Court of Sierra Leone and The Gambia[103]
- Christian Frederick Cole (1852–1885), first black graduate of Oxford and first African barrister to practice in the English courts[104][105]
- Gershon Beresford Collier (1927–1994), former Chief Justice of Sierra Leone, educator and diplomat[106]
- Dame Linda Penelope Dobbs (born 1951), first non-white person to be appointed to the senior judiciary of England and Wales[107][108]
- Patrick Omolade Hamilton, Supreme Court judge of Sierra Leone[109]
- James Ayodele Jenkins-Johnston (1946–2017), barrister and human rights defender[34]
- George Gelaga King (1932–2016), judge presiding at the Special Court for Sierra Leone
- Jamesina Leonora King, jurist and first Sierra Leonean Commissioner of the African Commission on Human and Peoples Rights[110]
- Augustus Merriman-Labor (1877–1919), barrister, writer and munitions worker[111]
- John Clavell Smythe (1915–1996), former Royal Air Force navigation officer, barrister and attorney-general of Sierra Leone[71]
- Ade Renner Thomas (born 1945), barrister and one-time Chief Justice of Sierra Leone[112]
- Stella Thomas (1906–1974), Nigerian of Sierra Leone Creole descent who was the first West African female to qualify as a lawyer[113]
- John Bankole Thompson (1936–2021), jurist, judge and academic[114]
- Frances Claudia Wright (1919–2010), first Sierra Leonean woman to be called to the Bar in Great Britain and to practice law in Sierra Leone[115]
Knights and Dames Commander
[edit]- Sir Kitoye Ajasa (born: Edmund Macauley) (1866–1937), legislator during the colonial period and first Nigerian to receive a knighthood[116][117]
- Sir Samuel Bankole-Jones (1911–1981), former Chief Justice and first Sierra Leonean president of the Court of Appeal[118]
- Sir Salako Benka-Coker (1900–1965), first Sierra Leonean Chief Justice of the Supreme Court[102]
- Sir Ernest Beoku-Betts (1895–1957), jurist and one-time mayor of Freetown[119]
- Sir Henry Lightfoot Boston (1898–1969), first African Governor-General of Sierra Leone[120]
- Dame Linda Penelope Dobbs (born 1951), first non-white person to be appointed to the senior judiciary of England and Wales[107][108]
- Sir Samuel Lewis (1843–1903), first mayor of Freetown and first West African to receive a knighthood[121]
- Sir Emile Fashole-Luke (1895–1980), former Chief Justice and Speaker of Parliament[122]
- Sir Ernest Dunstan Morgan (1896–1979), pharmaceutical entrepreneur and philanthropist
Mayors of Freetown
[edit]- Yvonne Aki-Sawyerr, (born 1969), finance professional and current mayor of Freetown[4]
- Samuel Sigismund Barlatt, prominent lawyer and one-time mayor of Freetown[123]
- Sir Ernest Beoku-Betts (1895–1957), jurist and one-time mayor of Freetown[119]
- William John Campbell, former mayor of Freetown
- Emmanuel Cummings, former mayor of Freetown[124]
- Eustace Taylor Cummings (1890–1967), medical doctor and mayor of Freetown from 1948 to 1954[125]
- Constance Cummings-John (1918–2000), educator, politician and first female mayor of Freetown[126]
- Florence Agnes Dillsworth (1937–2000), one-time mayor of Freetown and former principal of St. Joseph's Convent School
- John Ezzidio (1810–1872), businessman, politician and pre-municipality era mayor of Freetown[85]
- Sam Franklyn Gibson (born 1951), teacher and one-time mayor of Freetown[16]
- Herbert George-Williams, former mayor of Freetown
- June Holst-Roness (1929–2008), medical doctor and former mayor of Freetown
- Winstanley Bankole Johnson, one-time mayor of Freetown
- Sir Samuel Lewis (1843–1903), first mayor of Freetown and first West African to receive a knighthood[121]
- John Malamah Thomas (1844–1922), entrepreneur and mayor of Freetown from 1904 to 1912[88]
- Thomas Josiah Thompson (1867–1941), lawyer, one-time mayor of Freetown and founder of the Sierra Leone Daily Mail[127]
Musicians
[edit]- Patrice Bart-Williams (born 1979), singer-songwriter, music producer and film-maker
- Ebenezer Calendar (1912–1985), musician who created and popularized Creole gumbe music and maringa music[128]
- Asadata Dafora (1890–1965), multidisciplinary musician[129]
- Evelyn Mary Dove (1902–1987), singer and actress[130]
- Devonté Hynes (born 1985), singer, songwriter and record producer[131]
- Bunny Mack (1945–2015), singer, songwriter and performer[132]
- N'fa (born 1979), hip hop recording artist[133][134]
- Dr. Oloh (1944–2007), afropop and jazz musician[135][136]
- Daddy Saj (born 1978), rapper who blends hip hop and traditional Creole gumbe music[137]
Physicians and surgeons
[edit]- John Augustus Abayomi-Cole (1848–1943), medical doctor and herbalist[138]
- Crispin Adeniyi-Jones (1876–1957), psychiatrist and first director of the Yaba Asylum in Nigeria[139]
- Herbert Christian Bankole-Bright (1883–1958), political activist, medical doctor and founder of the National Council of Sierra Leone party[93]
- Edward Mayfield Boyle (1874–1936), medical practitioner and one of the first West Africans to attend Howard University College of Medicine[140]
- Robert Wellesley Cole (1907–1995), general surgeon and first West African to become a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons[141]
- William Broughton Davies (1831–1906), first West African to qualify as a medical doctor[142]
- Charles Odamtten Easmon (1913–1994), performed the first successful Open-Heart Surgery in West Africa[143]
- John Farrell Easmon (1856–1900), medical doctor who coined the term Blackwater fever and wrote the first clinical diagnosis of the disease linking it to malaria[144]
- Macormack Farrell Easmon (1890–1972), medical doctor and founder of the Sierra Leone National Museum[145]
- George Bernard Frazer (1933–2018), medical practitioner and gynaecologist
- George Adeniji Garrick (1917–1988), medical doctor and high jump record holder[146]
- June Holst-Roness (1929–2008), medical doctor and former mayor of Freetown
- James Africanus Horton (1835–1883), surgeon, scientist and political thinker who worked towards African independence a century before it occurred[147]
- Irene Ighodaro (née: Wellesley-Cole) (1916–1995), first Sierra Leonean woman to qualify as a medical doctor[148]
- Ulric Emmanuel Jones (1940–2020), first Sierra Leonean neurosurgeon[149]
- Nathaniel Thomas King (1847–1884), one of the earliest western-trained West African doctors to practise medicine in Nigeria[150][151]
- Olayinka Koso-Thomas (born 1937), medical doctor known internationally for her efforts to abolish female genital mutilation[152]
- Abioseh Davidson Nicol (1925–1994), physician and biomedical researcher who discovered the breakdown of insulin in the human body, a breakthrough for the treatment of diabetes[153][48][49]
- Lenrie Wilfred Peters (1932–2009), surgeon, poet and educator[154]
- Arthur Thomas Porter IV (1956–2015), physician and hospital administrator.[155]
- William Robert Priddy (1926–2003), medical practitioner and Fellow of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists[156][157]
- William Renner (1846–1917), oncologist and Assistant Surgeon-General during the colonial era[158]
- Agnes Yewande Savage (1906–1964), Nigerian of Sierra Leone Creole descent who was the first West African woman to qualify as a medical doctor[159]
- Richard Akinwande Savage (1903–1993), medical doctor and first West African to serve as a British Army officer[69][70]
- Arthur Farquhar Stuart (1927–2002), consultant physician at Connaught Hospital[160]
Pioneer ancestors
[edit]- Daniel Coker (1780–1847), emigrated from Baltimore, Maryland and was missionary and founder of the West African Methodist Church[161]
- David George (c. 1742–1810), emigrated from Nova Scotia and was preacher of the first recorded Baptist service in Africa held under the Cotton Tree before the land was baptized and christened "Free Town"[162]
- William Gwinn (born 1755), one of the first black Americans to participate in the antebellum American Back-to-Africa movement to Sierra Leone[163]
- Abraham Hazeley (1784–1847), Nova Scotian settler and founder of what was to become one of the most prominent Creole families in Freetown.[1]: 309
- Montague James (died 1812), leader of Cudjoe's Town (Trelawny Town) maroons who settled in Freetown where he helped put down the Black Nova Scotian revolt[164][165]
- Major Jarrett (died 1839), leader of the Jamaican Maroons who helped put down the Black Nova Scotian revolt[164][165]
- Boston King (c. 1760–1802), soldier and Black Loyalist who helped found Freetown and became the first Methodist missionary to African indigenous people[166]
- Cato Perkins (died 1805), former African American slave, later missionary, who migrated to Freetown, where he led a strike of carpenters against the Sierra Leone Company[167]
- Mary Perth (1740–1813), prominent African American colonist and businesswoman in Freetown[168]
- Thomas Peters (1738–1793), soldier with the auxiliary troops of the British Black Company of Pioneers and the revolutionary founding father of Freetown[169]
- Elizabeth Renner (died 1826), emigrated from Nova Scotia and became the first female teacher and principal of a girls' school in the missionary in Africa[170]
- Charles Samuels (died early 1800s), maroon officer from Cudjoe's Town (Trelawny Town), who was assistant to Colonel Montague James[171]
- Harry Washington (c. 1740–1800), soldier and Black Loyalist in the American Revolutionary War who was among several hundred settlers who rose up in a brief rebellion against British rule in Freetown[172]
- Moses 'Daddy' Wilkinson (born 1746), was a Wesleyan Methodist preacher who migrated to Sierra Leone in 1791 where he established the first Methodist church in Settler Town and survived the rebellion in 1800.[173]
Politicians and civil administrators
[edit]- Arnold Bishop-Gooding (born 1950), lawyer and former Attorney-General of Sierra Leone[174]
- Chidi Blyden, American foreign policy advisor who serves as Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for African Affairs in the Biden administration.[175]
- Sylvia Olayinka Blyden (born 1971), journalist, political commentator, newspaper editor and one-time cabinet minister[176]
- Sir Henry Lightfoot Boston (1898–1969), Governor-General of Sierra Leone from 1962 to 1967[120]
- Dennis Bright, university instructor and former Minister of Sports[36]
- David Omashola Carew, economist and former Minister of Finance[5]
- Christopher Okoro Cole (1921–1990), one-time Governor-General and Chief Justice of Sierra Leone[177]
- Femi Claudius Cole (born 1962), politician of the Unity Party and first Sierra Leonean woman to form a political party[178]
- Edmund Cowan (born 1937), former Speaker of Parliament and Ombudsman[179]
- Ivor Gustavus Cummings (1913–1992), first black official in the British Colonial Office[180]: 235–6
- Stanley David Garrick (1888–1958), senior administrator and courtier
- Prince Alex Harding, former Minister of Transportation and Communication
- Victor Chukuma Johnson (1944–2012), former chairman and deputy leader of the All People's Congress[181]
- Andrew Juxon-Smith (1931–1996), former commander of the Armed Forces and Head of State of Sierra Leone[67]
- Charles Burgess King (1875–1961), former President of Liberia and of Sierra Leone Creole heritage[182]
- Desmond Fashole Luke (1935–2021), diplomat, former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and one-time Minister of Health[81]
- George William Nicol (1810–1884), first African Colonial Secretary of Sierra Leone[183]
- Sir Emile Fashole Luke (1895–1980), former Chief Justice and Speaker of Parliament[122]
- Murietta Olu-Williams (born 1923), first woman in Africa to achieve the rank of Permanent Secretary in the civil service[184]
- James Ernest Parkes (1861–1899), first Secretary for Native Affairs during the colonial era in Sierra Leone[185]
- Solomon James Pratt (1921–2017), former Attorney General and Minister of Justice[186]
- George Theophilus Robinson (1922–2006), civil administrator and founder of the Krio Descendants Union
- Valentine Strasser (born 1967), former army officer and Head of State of Sierra Leone[72]
- Abel Bankole Stronge, lawyer and one-time Speaker of the Parliament of Sierra Leone
- Nanette Beatrice Thomas (born 1956), former Minister of Political and Public Affairs
- Christiana Thorpe (born 1949), former two-term Chief Electoral Commissioner and Chairperson of the National Electoral Commission[187]
Religious leaders
[edit]- William Barleycorn (1848–1925), first Primitive Methodist missionary who went to Fernando Po (now known as Bioko) in Africa in the early 1880s.[188]
- Samuel Ajayi Crowther (c. 1809–1891), Sierra Leonean-Nigerian clergyman and first Anglican Bishop of West Africa[189]
- Samuel Johnson (1846–1901), historian and Anglican priest[190]
- Thomas Sylvester Johnson (1873–1955), educator, theologian and former bishop of Sierra Leone[50]'
- George Gurney Nicol (1856–1888), clergyman and first African graduate of Cambridge University[26]
- Moses Nathanael Scott (1911–1988), clergyman and Anglican Bishop of Sierra Leone who later became Archbishop of the Province of West Africa
- Kathleen Easmon Simango (née: Easmon) (1891–1924), missionary, artist and first West African to earn a diploma from the Royal College of Arts[191]
Sports figures
[edit]Footballers (association, soccer)
[edit]- Samuel Barlay (born 1986), midfielder with IFK Mora who has made numerous appearances for Sierra Leone's national football team – Leone Stars
- Moses Barnett (born 1990), defender in the English Football League and England under 17s
- Chris Bart-Williams (born 1974), midfielder in the Premier League and England under 21s
- Albert Cole (born 1981), midfielder for Mighty Blackpool FC and Leone Stars
- Carlton Cole (born 1983), striker in the Premier League with several appearances for England
- Curtis Eugene Davies (born 1985), defender in the English Football League Championship and England under 21s
- Albert Jarrett (born 1984), winger in the English Football League Championship with several appearances for Leone Stars
- Obi Metzger (born 1987), attacking midfielder for Finnish second division side FC Haka who has made several appearances for Leone Stars
- Nigel Reo-Coker (born 1984), midfielder in the Premier League and England under 21s
- Leroy Rosenior (born 1964), striker for England under 21s and Leone Stars
- Liam Rosenior (born 1984), full back and winger in the English Football League Championship and England under 21s
- Rodney Strasser (born 1990), defensive midfielder with Turun Palloseura FC based in Turku, Finland
- William Sorba Thomas (born 1999), winger for Huddersfield Town FC and the Wales national team[192]
- Augustine Williams (born 1997), striker who plays in the USL Championship and has made a few appearances for Leone Stars
- Kevin Adrian Wright (born 1995). defender who plays for IK Sirius in Allsvenskan with a few appearances for Leone Stars[193]
Track and field athletes
[edit]- William Akabi-Davis (born 1962), sprinter at the 1980 Summer Olympics
- Julia Helene Armstrong (born 1959), marathon runner
- Eunice Barber (born 1974), former athlete competing in heptathlon and long jump
- Horace Dove-Edwin (born 1967), retired sprinter who specialized in the 100-metre dash
- Walter During (born 1960), sprinter at the 1980 Summer Olympics
- George Adeniji Garrick (1917–1988), medical doctor and high jump record holder[146]
- Rudolph George (born 1957), sprinter at the 1980 Summer Olympics
- Denton Guy-Williams (born 1972), sprinter at the 1992 Summer Olympics
- Modupe Jonah (born 1966), middle-distance runner at the 1988 Summer Olympics
- Pierre Lisk (born 1971), sprinter at the 1996 Summer Olympics
- Eugenia Osho-Williams (born 1964), former sprinter and first woman to represent Sierra Leone at the Olympics
- David Sawyerr (born 1961), sprinter at the 1984 Summer Olympics
- Josephus Thomas (born 1971), sprinter at the 1996 Summer Olympics
- Rachel Thompson (born 1964), middle-distance runner at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Boxers
[edit]- John Coker (born 1940), competed in the men's heavyweight event at the 1968 Summer Olympics.
- Israel Cole (born 1964), boxer at the 1984 Summer Olympics
- Francis "Frank" Dove (1897–1957), boxer at the 1920 Summer Olympics
- Egerton Forster (born 1959), boxer at the 1984 Summer Olympics
- Leonard Benker Johnson (1902–1974), middleweight boxing champion
- Desmond Williams (born 1967), competed in the men's light middleweight event at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Rugby players
[edit]- Danny Wilson (born 1955), former rugby union, and professional rugby league player[194]
- Billy Boston (born 1934), former professional rugby league footballer
Swimmers
[edit]- Michael 'Joko' Collier (born 1971), swimmer at the 1996 Summer Olympics
- Joshua Wyse (born 2001), swimmer at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Other sports
[edit]- Napheesa Collier (born 1996), professional basketball player and gold medallist at the 2020 Summer Olympic Games
- Frederick Harris (born 1984), judoka at the 2020 Summer Olympics
- Frank Williams (born 1964), cyclist at the 1996 Summer Olympics
- George Wyndham (born 1990), para table tennis player who competed at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Visual artists
[edit]- Gaston Bart-Williams (1938–1990), journalist and film maker
- Alphonso Lisk-Carew (1887–1969), prominent photographer appointed for the visit of the Duke of Connaught[195]
- Kathleen Easmon Simango (née: Easmon) (1891–1924), painter, fashion designer and graduate of the Royal College of Arts[191]
- Alfred Ashley Taylor, ball point artist known for creating hyper-realistic drawings
Writers and journalists
[edit]- Bankole Awoonor-Renner (1898–1970), first Black African to study in the Soviet Union, and first African to be accredited to the Institute of Journalists in London.[196]
- Gaston Bart-Williams (1938–1990), journalist, novelist and film director
- Gladys Casely-Hayford (1904–1950), first author to write in the Krio language[37]
- Raymond Ayodele Charley (1948–1993), playwright and writer[197]
- Syl Cheney-Coker (born 1945), poet, novelist, and journalist[198]
- James Vivian Clinton (1902–1973), expatriate and journalist[104][199][200][201]
- Thomas Decker (1916–1978), writer, poet, journalist, and linguist[38]
- Clifford Nelson Fyle (1933–2006), scholar and author known for writing the lyrics to the Sierra Leone National Anthem[39]
- Delia Jarrett-Macauley (born 1958), writer, academic and broadcaster[32][31]
- Eyamide Ella Lewis-Coker (née: Smith), writer and book author[202]
- Valerie Mason-John (born 1962), author and public speaker[203]
- Augustus Merriman-Labor (1877–1919), writer best known for his 1909 book Britons Through Negro Spectacles[204][111]
- Nii Ayikwei Parkes (born 1974), poet, writer and sociocultural commentator[205][206]
- Emmanuel Bankole Timothy (1923–1994), journalist and biographer[207]
See also
[edit]- List of African Americans
- List of Americo-Liberian people
- List of Black Britons
- List of Black Nova Scotians
- List of Gambian Creole people
- List of Jamaican Maroons
- List of Krio Fernandino people
- List of Saro people (Nigerian Creoles)
References
[edit]- ^ a b Walker, James W (1992). "Chapter Five: Foundation of Sierra Leone". The Black Loyalists: The Search for a Promised Land in Nova Scotia and Sierra Leone, 1783–1870. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. 94–114. ISBN 978-0-8020-7402-7., originally published by Longman & Dalhousie University Press (1976).
- ^ Taylor, Bankole Kamara (February 2014). Sierra Leone: The Land, Its People and History. New Africa Press. p. 68. ISBN 9789987160389.
- ^ Hargreaves, J.; Porter, A. (1963). "The Sierra Leone Creoles - Creoledom: A Study of the Development of Freetown Society". The Journal of African History. 4 (3, 0000539): 468–469. doi:10.1017/S0021853700004394. S2CID 162611104.
- ^ a b "Yvonne Aki-Sawyerr - APC Mayoral Candidate". Archived from the original on 2020-07-31. Retrieved 2018-06-27.
- ^ a b "David Carew Profile". www.awarenesstimes.com.
- ^ "A tribute to Professor Cox-George". www.thepatrioticvanguard.com. 14 November 2014.
- ^ "Omotunde Johnson". www.theigc.org.
- ^ "Our History" Archived 2015-12-11 at the Wayback Machine, FSSG Ex-Pupils Association UK.
- ^ "Henry Carr". Litcaf. 2016-01-27. Retrieved April 20, 2019.
- ^ Eades, Jeremy Seymour (1980-05-08). The Yoruba Today. Cambridge Latin Texts Changing Culture Series. CUP Archive, 1980. ISBN 978-0-521-2265-61.
- ^ Cole, Patrick (1975-04-17). Modern and Traditional Elites in the Politics of Lagos. Cambridge University Press, 1975. pp. 105–109. ISBN 9780521204392.
- ^ Civilization of the woman in African tradition. Présence africaine. 1975. p. 209. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
- ^ "Conton, William Farquhar – Literary Map of Africa". Archived from the original on 2012-03-08. Retrieved 2022-05-04.
- ^ "Florence Dillsworth". www.allafrica.com.
- ^ "Cassandra Garber". www.slbtbhm.homestead.com.
- ^ a b Kamara, Mohamed (11 September 2012). "Honesty, Loyalty to APC & Humility Propelled Bode Gibson to Victory". Awareness Times.
- ^ africanvoice (2017-10-26). "The Krios of Sierra Leone – Pioneers throughout Africa – African Voice Newspaper". African Voice Newspaper. Retrieved 2018-06-28.
- ^ Conton, Miatta (2001-09-27). "Tribute to the First Female Fourah Bay College Graduate Latilewa Christiana Hyde". Concord Times (Freetown). Retrieved 2018-06-28.
- ^ "Fellows of the African Academy of Sciences". www.aasciences.africa.
- ^ a b Taylor. "Fifth Supplement to The London Gazette, No. 42374, p. 4191, 2 June 1961" (PDF). Retrieved 6 May 2019.
- ^ a b "Fourth Supplement to The London Gazette, No. 45002 (Sierra Leone), p. 45, 30 December 1969" (PDF). Retrieved 6 May 2019.
- ^ "About – Sierra Leone Women Engineers". Retrieved 2019-10-22.
- ^ "Violet Johnson Profile". www.liberalarts.tamu.edu.
- ^ David Perfect, "Mahoney, Dr. (Asi) Florence Kezia Omolara", Historical Dictionary of The Gambia (Fifth edition), Rowman & Littlefield, 2016, p. 281.
- ^ "A review of Porter's Creoledom". www.natinpasadvantage.com.
- ^ a b Akintola J. G. Wyse (1989). The Krio of Sierra Leone: An Interpretive History. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. p. 34. ISBN 978-1-85065-031-7.
- ^ "Akintola Wyse: A Brief Biography". www.hyperleap.com.
- ^ a b Jacobs, Blanche C. (December 1922). "A Tale of West Africa". The Baton. Students of the Institute of Musical Art of the City of New York: 11–13.
- ^ a b Stepping Forward: Black Women in Africa and the Americas Catherine Higgs, Barbara A. Moss, Earline Rae Ferguson (eds) Ohio University Press, 2002. ISBN 0-8214-1455-0
- ^ "Reginald Cline-Cole Staff Profile". www.birmingham.ac.uk.
- ^ a b "Delia Jarrett-Macauley" Archived 2019-07-28 at the Wayback Machine, Granta Books.
- ^ a b Delia Jarrett-Macauley website.
- ^ a b "Abiodun Williams". www.thepatioticvanguard.com. 14 December 2012.
- ^ a b Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood, The London Gazette, June 06, 1969; retrieved September 26, 2016
- ^ "Interview with Rosolu John Bankole Thompson, March 21, 2014". Kentucky Oral History. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
- ^ a b "Dr. Dennis Bright resigns from SLPP". The Patriotic Vanguard. 8 June 2017.
- ^ a b Chipasula, Stella; Chipasula, Frank Mkalawile, eds. (1995). The Heinemann Book of African Women's Poetry. Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-435-90680-1.
- ^ a b Neville Shrimpton, Thomas Decker and The Death of Boss Coker (1987)
- ^ a b Fyle, Magbaily (2006). Historical Dictionary of Sierra Leone. Metuchen, New Jersey: Scarecrow Press. p. 57.
- ^ Faller, Lincoln (2004). "Lemuel Johnson biography". Gefame.
- ^ Africa Who's Who, London: Africa Journal for Africa Books Ltd, 1981, p. 537.
- ^ "Sierra Leone Writers Series". www.sl-writers-series.org.
- ^ Gates, Professor Henry Louis Jr.; Akyeampong, Professor Emmanuel; Niven, Mr Steven J. (2012-02-02). Dictionary of African Biography. OUP USA. ISBN 9780195382075. Archived from the original on 2017-10-29.
- ^ M. C. F. Easmon, "A Nova Scotian Family", Eminent Sierra Leoneans in the nineteenth century (1961)
- ^ Florence Mugambi, Blazing a trail: Women Africanist PhDs, Northwestern Program of African Studies News and Events, Vol. 30, No. 3 (Spring 2020).
- ^ "Fellows of the African Academy of Sciences: Monty Jones". www.aasciences.africa.
- ^ "Tanniemola Bunting LIVERPOOL – Mathematician of the African Diaspora". www.math.buffalo.edu. Retrieved 2018-06-04.
- ^ a b "Dr Davidson Nicol;Obituary". The Times. 19 October 1994.
- ^ a b "Nicol, Davidson Sylvester Hector Willoughby". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/55166. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ a b Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions (1998), by Gerald H. Anderson, W. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- ^ a b Magbaily C. Fyle (2006). Historical Dictionary of Sierra Leone. Scarecrow Press. pp. 169–171. ISBN 978-0-8108-6504-4.
- ^ a b Pamela Roberts (2014). Black Oxford: The Untold Stories of Oxford University's Black Scholars. Andrews UK Limited. p. 154. ISBN 978-1-909930-14-8.
- ^ "Paul Barber – Merseysider MagazineMerseysider Magazine". www.merseysidermagazine.com. Archived from the original on 1 June 2019. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
- ^ Alexander, Ella (24 September 2014). "Actor Paul Barber reveals childhood abuse in foster home". The Independent. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
- ^ "SIERRA LEONEAN GIRL BREAKS NEW GROUND FOR AFRICA IN U.S." sierravisions.org. Retrieved March 20, 2011.
- ^ Colbert, Stephen (May 17, 2018). "Chadwick Boseman On Bringing Humanity To 'Black Panther'". The Late Show with Stephen Colbert (Interview). New York City. Archived from the original on May 23, 2018.
- ^ Ledger, Fiona (21 July 2004). "Jeillo Edwards: Good-humoured cast matriarch on television and BBC radio". The Independent. Archived from the original on 7 May 2014.
- ^ "Idris Elba meets his Waterloo – in Ghana". The Telegraph. 3 October 2015. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 23 November 2018.
- ^ "'Private sector must help the movie industry '- Sierra Leonean Desmond Finney".
- ^ "Theatre News Interviews". www.afridiziak.com.
- ^ "Sierra Leone: Governors-General: 1961-1971 - Archontology.org". www.archontology.org.
- ^ "Carew; Chief of defence staff". www.allafrica.com.
- ^ "Sierra Leone Heroes". Archived from the original on 14 December 2007.
- ^ a b Elebute, Adeyemo (2013). The Life of James Pinson Labulo Davies: A Colossus of Victorian Lagos. Kachifo Limited/Prestige. p. 1. ISBN 9789785205763.
- ^ a b Killingray, David (2012). Africans in Britain. Routledge.
- ^ a b "The London Gazette, Fourth Supplement" (PDF). thegazette.co.uk/. Her Majesty's Stationery Office. 1968. Retrieved 2017-01-23.
- ^ a b Uwechue, Raph (1991). Africa Who's who. Africa Journal Limited. ISBN 9780903274173.
- ^ Jalloh, Tanu. 'Brig. Nelson-Williams is New Chief of Defence Staff'. Concord Times (Freetown), 15 September 2008
- ^ a b Keazor, Ed. "Tracking Captain Savage: The Forgotten Pioneer of African Military History". Nsibidi Institute. Retrieved 5 March 2016.
- ^ a b "CAS Students to Lead Seminar On University's African Alumni, Pt. IV: Agnes Yewande Savage". University of Edinburgh – Center for African Studies Postgraduate Students Blog. 16 November 2016. Retrieved 23 December 2016.
- ^ a b "From Sierra Leone to Stalag Luft I: Remembering Johnny Smythe".
- ^ a b Akam, Simon (13 February 2012). "Akam '09 profiles former African dictator Valentine Strasser". Columbia Journalism School. Archived from the original on 10 December 2013.
- ^ "Thomas, (Emanuel) Peter John Adeniyi (1914–1945), air force officer". www.oxforddnb.com.
- ^ "Sierra Leone Entertainment: Salone model seeks top model role". www.awokonewspaper.sl. 7 July 2017.
- ^ "Warming-up for the Miss World pageant". www.theorganiser.net.
- ^ "Call for FCC to be put under office of the president". www.ayvnewspaper.com.
- ^ Sadie, Julie Anne and Rhian Samuel. Eds. The Norton/Grove Dictionary of Women Composers. Macmillan: New York, 1995.
- ^ "Samuel Coleridge-Taylor". Online Gallery Black Europeans. The British Library. Retrieved 17 February 2022.
- ^ C. Magbaily Fyle, Historical Dictionary of Sierra Leone, Scarecrow Press, 2006, p. 114.
- ^ "Change Sierra Leone". www.changesierraleone.org. Archived from the original on 17 August 2007.
- ^ a b "Luke, Desmond Edgar Fashole, BL, MA", in Africa Year Book and Who's Who, London: Africa Journal Limited, 1976, p. 1225.
- ^ Adeniran, Adedapo. Nigeria The Case for Peaceful and Friendly Dissolution. Arymson Publicity. p. 44. Retrieved December 20, 2016.
- ^ Tarikh. R.B. Blaize: Merchant Prince of West Africa. Longman, 1966. p. 71.
- ^ Omoigui, Nowa. "A Perspective on Nigeria's Involvement in the Sierra Leone Imbroglio". Urhobo Historical Society. Retrieved 2007-12-31.
- ^ a b Sanneh, Lamin O (1999). "Abolition and the Cause of Recaptive Africans". Abolitionists Abroad: American Blacks and the Making of Modern West Africa. Harvard University Press. p. 129. ISBN 0-674-00718-2.
- ^ From slaving to neoslavery: the bight of Biafra and Fernando Po in the era of abolition, 1827–1930; by I. K. Sundiata; Univ of Wisconsin Press, 1996; ISBN 0-299-14510-7, ISBN 978-0-299-14510-1; p.158
- ^ Walter H Wills, R J Barrett. The Anglo-African Who's who and Biographical Sketchbook, G. Routledge & sons, 1905. p 127.
- ^ a b "A short history: Malamah Thomas". www.malamah.com. Archived from the original on 14 April 2006.
- ^ Wyse, Akintola (1989). The Krio of Sierra Leone: An Interpretive History. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN 978-1-85065-031-7.
- ^ Martin Kilson; Robert I. Rotberg (1976). The African diaspora: interpretive essays. Harvard University Press, University of Michigan. ISBN 978-0-674-0077-96.
- ^ I. K. Sundiata (1990). Equatorial Guinea: colonialism, state terror, and the search for stability (Nations of contemporary Africa, Westview Profiles Series). University of Michigan (Westview Press). p. 24. ISBN 978-0-813-3042-98.
- ^ "Frederick Williams featured in the Boston Globe". www.thepatrioticvanguard.com. 28 June 2021.
- ^ a b Christopher Fyfe, "Bright, Herbert Christian Bankole- (1883–1958)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. Retrieved 10 December 2015.
- ^ Adi, Hakim, "Forgotten comrade? Desmond Buckle: an African Communist in Britain", Science and Society, Vol. 70, No. 1 (2006).
- ^ Adi, Hakim, "Buckle, (James) Desmond (1910–1964)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004.
- ^ Rogers, Brittany Rose, "Hayford, Adelaide Smith Casely (1868–1960)", BlackPast.org.
- ^ Patton, 1996, p. 154.
- ^ "Macaulay, Thomas Babington 1826 to 1878 Anglican Nigeria". Archived from the original on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
- ^ Denzer, LaRay. "Women in Freetown Politics, 1914–61: A Preliminary Study." Africa: Journal of the International African Institute, vol. 57, no. 4, 1987, pp. 439–456. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/1159893. Accessed 23 Sept. 2020.
- ^ Spitzer, Leo; Denzer, LaRay (1973), "I. T. A. Wallace-Johnson and the West African Youth League", The International Journal of African Historical Studies, 6 (3), The International Journal of African Historical Studies, Vol. 6, No. 3: 414, doi:10.2307/216610, ISSN 0361-7882, JSTOR 216610
- ^ Crowder, Michael. "Symposium of West African Archaeologists." The Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 4, no. 2, 1966, pp. 238–39. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/158948. Accessed 19 Apr. 2023.
- ^ a b Fyle, Magbaily C. Historical Dictionary of Sierra Leone. Vol. 99. Scarecrow Press, 2006.
- ^ Duncan, Natricia (26 October 2014). "Where have the black scholars gone?". The Voice. Archived from the original on 2017-10-05. Retrieved 2017-10-04.
- ^ a b Uwechue, Ralph (1991). Makers Of Modern Africa: Profile in History (2nd ed.). United Kingdom: Africa Books Limited. pp. 162–163. ISBN 0903274183.
- ^ Brockliss, L. W. B. (2016). The University of Oxford: A History. Oxford University Press. p. 410. ISBN 9780199243563.
- ^ Magbaily C. Fyle, Historical Dictionary of Sierra Leone, p. 38
- ^ a b "High Court Gets First Black Judge", BBC News, 2 September 2004.
- ^ a b Clare Dyer, "Woman QC to be high court's first black judge", The Guardian, 1 September 2004.
- ^ Blyden, Sylvia O. (23 January 2009). "In Sierra Leone, Justice Hamilton Sworn Into Supreme Court". Awareness Times Newspaper. Freetown. Archived from the original on 30 June 2016. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
- ^ "Commissioners from Africa". International Commission of Jurists. Retrieved 15 July 2020.
- ^ a b Danell Jones (24 January 2015). "A. B. C. Merriman-Labor 1877–1919, lawyer and author". Retrieved 31 January 2021.
- ^ Fyle, Magbaily C. (27 March 2006). Historical Dictionary of Sierra Leone. Scarecrow Press. p. 161. ISBN 978-0-8108-6504-4.
Prominent barrister and educator, Renner-Thomas became chief justice of Sierra Leone in 2005.
- ^ Emeka Keazor, "Notable Nigerians: Stella Thomas", NSIBIDI Institute (4 November 2014).
- ^ "Interview with Rosolu John Bankole Thompson, March 21, 2014". Kentucky Oral History. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
- ^ "Frances Wright". The Daily Telegraph. 27 April 2010. Retrieved 25 July 2010.
- ^ Whiteman, Kye (1 October 2013). Lagos: A Cultural History. Interlink Publishing Group, Incorporated. p. 202. ISBN 978-1-62371-040-8. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
- ^ Teniola, Eric (2013). "The creoles in Nigeria (2)". Daily Independent. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ Crowder, Michael. "Symposium of West African Archaeologists." The Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 4, no. 2, 1966, pp. 238–39. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/158948. Accessed 19 Apr. 2023.
- ^ a b "Sierra Leone Heroes: Beoku-Betts". www.sierra-leone.org.
- ^ a b Fisher, H. (1969). Elections and Coups in Sierra Leone, 1967. The Journal of Modern African Studies, 7(4), 611–636. doi:10.1017/S0022278X00018863
- ^ a b Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
- ^ a b Uwechue, Raph; Limited, Africa Books (March 14, 1991). Makers of Modern Africa. Africa Journal Limited. ISBN 9780903274180 – via Google Books.
{{cite book}}
:|last2=
has generic name (help) - ^ M.C. Fyle Historical Dictionary of Sierra Leone, Historical Dictionaries of Africa, The Scarecrow Press, Inc. (2006)
- ^ "Emmanuel Cummings Profile". www.sierra-leone.org. Archived from the original on 27 April 2006.
- ^ "Eustace Cummings Profile". www.sierraleone.org. Archived from the original on 27 April 2006.
- ^ Hakim Adi, Marika Sherwood, Pan-African History: Political Figures from Africa and the Diaspora since 1787 (2003, ISBN 0203417801), pp. 29–31.
- ^ Marika Sherwood, Origins of Pan-Africanism: Henry Sylvester Williams, Africa, and the African Diaspora, (Routledge, (2012)
- ^ "Ebenezer Calendar". www.sierraleonejournal.org.
- ^ Maureen Needham, "Kykunkor, Or The Witch Woman: An African Opera in America, 1934" in Thomas F. DeFrantz's Dancing Many Drums: Excavations in African American Dance. (England: The University of Wisconsin Press, 2002),233.
- ^ Nigel Browne-Davies, "Lieutenant Macormack Charles Farrell Easmon: A Sierra Leonean Medical Officer in the First World War", The Journal of Sierra Leone Studies, Autumn 2014, p. 4, note 8.
- ^ "Blood Orange Speaks About the Sierra Leonean Influences on His New Album 'Freetown Sound'". OkayAfrica. 2016-06-28. Retrieved 2019-10-08.
- ^ "Bunny Mack laid to rest". www.thesierraleonetelegraph.com. 6 August 2015.
- ^ "Heath Ledger Produced N'FA Video Released – Undercover.fm News". Undercover.fm. 30 October 2009. Archived from the original on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 19 August 2014.
- ^ Cushnie, Janine (21 April 2013). "N'fa Jones Interview". Grindin. Archived from the original on 16 August 2016.
- ^ http://standardtimespress.net/cgi-bin/artman/publish/article_2207.shtml The Great Dr Oloh Gumbay And Milo Jazz King Of Sierra Leone....Gone But Not Forgotten
- ^ http://awoko.org/index.php?mact=News,cntnt01,detail,0&cntnt01articleid=1300&cntnt01returnid=196 Awoka Newspaper Obituary
- ^ Fleming, Lucy (26 October 2004). "Sierra Leone's music crusader". BBC News Online.
- ^ Wyse, Akintola J. G. (1985). "The Sierra Leone Branch of the National Congress of British West Africa, 1918–1946". The International Journal of African Historical Studies. 18 (4): 675–698. doi:10.2307/218802. JSTOR 218802.
- ^ Richard L. Sklar, Nigerian Political Parties: Power in an Emergent African Nation. Africa World Press, 2004. p47. ISBN 1-59221-209-3
- ^ "Boyle, Edward Mayfield", Who's Who in Colored America: A Biographical Dictionary of Notable Living Persons of African Descent in America (New York: Who's Who in Colored America Corporation, 1937)
- ^ "Irene Ighodaro". Young Historians Project. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
- ^ Patton, Adell. Physicians, colonial racism, and diaspora in West Africa, University Press of Florida, 1996
- ^ "Kwame Nkrumah's Revolutionary Health Platform". GhanaWeb. 30 November 2001. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 18 July 2010.
- ^ W. F. Bynum; Helen Bynum, eds. (December 2006). "Easmon, John Farrell (b. Freetown, Sierra Leone, 30 June 1856; d.Cape Coast, Gold Coast, 9 June 1900– Medicine, Bacteriology" (PDF). Dictionary of Medical Biography [Five Volumes]. Greenwood Publishing Group. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 June 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2018.
- ^ "MCF Easmon", SierraLeoneHeritage.org.
- ^ a b "George Garrick Profile". www.universitystory.gla.ac.uk.
- ^ Adi (2003), p. 86.
- ^ The Black Handbook: The People, History and Politics of Africa and the ...
- ^ "Ulrich Jones Tribute". www.allafrica.com. 14 September 2020.
- ^ Adelola Adeloye (1998). Early Medical Schools in Nigeria (Nature Discovery Series). Heinemann Educational Books. ISBN 978-9-781-2981-89.
- ^ "Nathaniel King". Litcaf Nigeria. 16 January 2016. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
- ^ "Olayinka Koso-Thomas". www.onefiftystories.com. 3 December 2018.
- ^ "Dr Davidson Nicol | Christs College Cambridge". www.christs.cam.ac.uk. Retrieved 2019-04-08.
- ^ "Adieu Lenrie Peters". The Point. Banjul, The Gambia. 28 May 2009. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
- ^ "Meet Arthur T. Porter, the man at the centre of one of Canada's biggest health-care scandals by Greg McArthur and David Montero (Toronto and Detroit)". The Globe and Mail. 2012-12-22. Retrieved 2014-03-02.
- ^ Beckles, H. (2004). Great House Rules: Landless Emancipation and Workers' Protest in Barbados, 1838–1938. I. Randle. p. 92. ISBN 9789766370855. Retrieved 2015-11-09.
- ^ Egerton, Luke; Priddy, Alvan (2003). "Ebun Willie Robert Gorham Priddy". British Medical Journal. 327 (7423): 1112. doi:10.1136/bmj.327.7423.1112-d. PMC 261784.
- ^ "William Awoonor-Renner". The Equiano Centre.
- ^ Mitchell, Henry (November 2016). "Dr Agnes Yewande Savage – West Africa's First Woman Doctor (1906–1964)". Centre of African Studies. Archived from the original on 14 April 2019.
- ^ Fay, Hugh T; Amara, E Luke I B (6 July 2002). "Arthur Osman Farquhar Stuart". BMJ. 325 (7354): 47. doi:10.1136/bmj.325.7354.47. PMC 1123561. S2CID 73381430.
- ^ Turner, Henry McNeal (December 7, 1891). "Thirteenth Letter". African Letters. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
- ^ Wayne Adams, "Black, white Baptists bridge centuries-old racial divide"[permanent dead link], The Daily News, Halifax, Canada, 22 Aug 2007, reprinted on Amistad America, accessed 4 May 2010]
- ^ "Philosophy, African-Americans, and the Unfinished American Revolution", On Race and Philosophy, Routledge, 2016, pp. 33–50, doi:10.4324/9780203760581-3, ISBN 978-0-203-76058-1
- ^ a b Simon Schama, Rough Crossings (London: 2005), pp. 380–03.
- ^ a b Mavis Campbell, Back to Africa: George Ross and the Maroons (Trenton: Africa World Press, 1993), pp. 17–19.
- ^ Vincent Carretta, Unchained Voices: An Anthology of Black Authors in the English-Speaking World of the Eighteenth Century, University of Kentucky Press, 2003, pp. 394–395
- ^ Pybus, C. (2007). Epic Journeys of Freedom: Runaway Slaves of the American Revolution and Their Global Quest for Liberty. Beacon Press. ISBN 9780807055151.
- ^ "Mary Perth 1740- after 1813". Slavery and Remembrance. The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Retrieved 25 March 2016.
- ^ Redmond Shannon (April 13, 2016). "Saint John historian illuminates story of Thomas Peters, prominent black loyalist". New Brunswick: CBC News. Retrieved November 22, 2016.
- ^ Fiona Leach, Reclaiming the Women of Britain's First Mission to West Africa: Three Lives
- ^ Dallas, History of the Maroons, Vol. 2, p. 287.
- ^ Cassandra Pybus, "Washington's Revolution, Harry that is not George", Journal of Atlantic Studies, Vol. 3, No. 2, 2006, 183–198.
- ^ "The Radical Methodist Congregation of Daddy Moses". blackloyalist.info.
- ^ "Retrospectivity concerning the LL.M. Degree: Notice". Cambridge University. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
- ^ "Chidi Blyden". www.defense.gov. Retrieved 2022-02-18.
- ^ "Blyden rejects mayoral offer". www.sierraloaded.sl. 2 August 2021.
- ^ Mallyveen Roy-Johnson, Who's who in Sierra Leone, Lyns Publicity, 1980, Sierra Leone – 56p. p. 6
- ^ "Sierra Leone News: 'I will put premium on health and education' – Femi Cole". Awoko Newspaper. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
- ^ "Drama as Sierra Leone gets new House Speaker". www.politicosl.com. Archived from the original on 8 August 2016.
- ^ Marc Matera, Black Internationalism and African and Caribbean Intellectuals in London, 1919–1950, PhD thesis, Rutgers University, 2008
- ^ "Another Sad Loss: APC Vice Chairman Passes Away". www.thepatrioticvanguard.com. 16 July 2012.
- ^ "King resignation". www.liberiapastandpresent.com.
- ^ Principal Probate Registry Calendar of the Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Probate Registries of the High Court of Justice in England
- ^ Register of Admissions to the Honourable Society of the Middle Temple, Vol. 5, p.48. Accessed 1 July 2020.
- ^ Makers of Modern Africa: Profiles in History, Africa Books, 1991; p. 612.
- ^ "State funeral for Solomon Pratt". www.thesierraleonetelegraph.com. 19 January 2018.
- ^ Miller, Whitney McIntyre; Wundah, Michael (2015). "Peace Profile: Christiana Thorpe". Peace Review. 27 (4): 515–521. doi:10.1080/10402659.2015.1094347. S2CID 146503956.
- ^ Sundiata, I. K. (1996). From Slaving to Neoslavery: The Bight of Biafra and Fernando Po in the era of abolition 1827–1930. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 149. ISBN 0-299-14510-7.
- ^ "Ajayi Crowther: Legacies of a legend". The Sun Nigeria. 29 April 2021. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
- ^ "Johnson, Henry 'Erugunjinmi'".
- ^ a b Ahovi E. F. Kponou; Ngadi W. Kponou. "KATHLEEN MARY EASMON SIMANGO….. Reflections". Easmon Family History. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
- ^ Meijer, Lars (3 September 2020). "Interview Sorba Thomas". Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2022.
- ^ "Former Chelsea prodigy Kevin Wright set for Sierra Leone debut". www.footballsierraleone.net. 8 October 2020.
- ^ "Statistics at rugby.widnes.tv". rugby.widnes.tv. 31 December 2011. Retrieved 1 January 2012.
- ^ "Lisk-Carew Brothers". Cambridge University Library. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 25 June 2018.
- ^ Hanretta, Sean (2011). "'Kaffir' Renner's Conversion: Being Muslim in Public in Colonial Ghana". Past & Present (210): 187–220. doi:10.1093/pastj/gtq009. ISSN 0031-2746. JSTOR 23015376.
- ^ Rickford, Les (21 May 1993). "Obituary: Dele Charley". The Independent. Retrieved 2 September 2012.
- ^ Clarke, George Elliot, Odysseys Home: Mapping African-Canadian Literature (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2002), 128.
- ^ African Print Cultures Network. Meeting (2013 : Birmingham, England) (29 September 2016). African print cultures : newspapers and their publics in the twentieth century. Peterson, Derek R., 1971–, Hunter, Emma, 1980–, Newell, Stephanie, 1968–. Ann Arbor. ISBN 978-0-472-12213-4. OCLC 960701533.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ rp441 (2017-07-21). "Downing's Early Black Cantabs". Downing College Cambridge. Retrieved 2021-01-29.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Falola, Toyin; Genova, Ann (2009). Historical Dictionary of Nigeria. United Kingdom: The Scare Crow press, Inc. p. 95. ISBN 9780810863163.
- ^ "Creoles of Sierra Leone Proverbs<website=www.imusic.co".
- ^ "Mason-John; Valerie | BPA". www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk. Retrieved 2017-03-14.
- ^ Browne-Davies, Nigel. "Jewry in West Africa: Anglo-Jews in Sierra Leone, 1792–1919.” Transactions of the Historical Society of Ghana, no. 19, 2019, pp. 1–60. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/27125729. Accessed 13 Mar. 2024.
- ^ "Interview with Nii Ayikwei Parkes". Video by Pen International, 28 April 2011.
- ^ Open Directory Project.
- ^ Daily Graphic website Archived 8 April 2006 at the Wayback Machine