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List of states during the Middle Ages

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(Redirected from List of Pre-Modern states)

Post-classical history (also called the post-classical era) is the period of time that immediately followed the end of ancient history. Depending on the continent, the era generally falls between the years AD 200–600 and AD 1200–1500. The name of this era of history derives from classical antiquity (or the Greco-Roman era) of Europe. Though, the everyday context in use is reverse (such as historians reference to Medieval China). In European history, "post-classical" is synonymous with the medieval time or Middle Ages, the period of history from around the 5th century to the 15th century. It began with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and merged into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: Antiquity, Medieval period, and Modern period. The Medieval period is itself subdivided into the early, high, and late Middle Ages.

Europe

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Map of the world in 1025 AD

British Isles

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England

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Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Angevin Empire No official Empire 1154–1242 AD
Dumnonia Isca Dumnoniorum Principality 360–710 AD
England Winchester, London Kingdom 927–1707 AD
East Angles Rendlesham, Dommoc Kingdom 6th century–918 AD
Essex Rendlesham, Dommoc Kingdom 527–825 AD
Haestingas Hastings Tribal kingdom 6th century–771 AD
Kent Durovernum Kingdom 488–871 AD
Lindsey Lindum Kingdom/Client 410–775 AD
Mercia Tamworth Kingdom 527–918 AD
Northumbria Bamburgh Kingdom 653–954 AD
North Sea Empire Ribe Personal union 1013–1042 AD
Sussex Selsey Kingdom 477–825 AD
Wessex Winchester Kingdom 519–1018 AD
Wihtwara Wihtgarsburgh Kingdom 512–686 AD

Scotland

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Name Capital State type Existed
Alba (Scotland) Clogher Kingdom 900–1286 AD
Cait Tribal kingdom 25–871 AD
Ce Tribal kingdom 1st century–900 AD
Dal Riada Dunadd Kingdom 501–878 AD
Fortriu Tribal kingdom 1–850 AD
Galloway Kingdom c. 1000–1234 AD
Gododdin Kingdom 5th–8th centuries AD
Mann and Isles Kingdom 848–1266 AD
Moray Kingdom c. 970–1130 AD
Pictland Kingdom 452–850
Scotland Stirling, Edinburgh Kingdom 843–1707 AD
Strathclyde Dumbarton, Govan Kingdom 450–1093 AD

Wales

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed
Brycheiniog Kingdom 450–1045 AD
Deheubarth Dinefwr Kingdom 920–1197 AD
Dyfed Kingdom 410–910 AD
Gwent Caerwent, Porth-is-Coed Kingdom 420–1081 AD
Glywysing Cardiff Kingdom 490–1063 AD
Gwynedd Various Kingdom 420–1216 AD
Powys Various Kingdom 488–1160 AD
Wales Aber Garth Celyn Principality 1216–1542 AD

Ireland

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed
Airgíalla Clogher Tribal Federation/kingdom 331–1590 AD
Brega Kingdom 620–1013 AD
Breifne Croghan Kingdom 700–1256 AD
Desmond Killarney Kingdom 1118–1596 AD
Dublin Dublin Kingdom 853–1170 AD
East Breifne Belturbet, Cavan Kingdom 1256–1607 AD
Iar Connacht Dromahair Túatha/Kingdom 1051–1589 AD
Ireland Dublin Lordship 1171–1542 AD
Iveagh Túath 4th century–1543 AD
Leinster Kingdom 436–1632 AD
Mac William Íochtar Kilmaine Tanistry 1330–1602 AD
Meath Dublin Kingdom 1st century–1173 AD
Kingdom of Munster Cork Kingdom 1st century BC –1118 AD
Northern Uí Néill various Kingdom 420–1137 AD
Ossory Kilkenny Kingdom 150–1185 AD
Thomond Ennis Kingdom 1118–1543 AD
Tyrconnell Dun na nGall Kingdom 464–1607 AD
Uí Failghe Rathangan, Daingean Kingdom 507–1550 AD
Uí Fidgenti Brugh Ríogh Kingdom 4th–1th century AD
Uí Liatháin Castlelyons Kingdom 4th century–1220 AD
Uí Mháine various Túatha 357–1611 AD
Ulaid various Kingdom 400–1177 AD
West Breifne Dromahair Túatha 1256–1605 AD

France/Germany/Low Countries

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Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Angevin Empire No official Empire 1154–1242 AD
Austrasia Metz Kingdom 511–751 AD
Bavaria Dukedom 508–788 AD
Béarn Various Viscounty 9th century–1620 AD
Bouillon Bouillon Dukedom 1456–1794 AD
Brabant Brussels Duchy 1183–1430 AD
Brittany Various Dukedom 939–1547 AD
Burgundy Dijon Dukedom 1032–1477 AD
Carantania Karnburg Principality 658–828 AD
Carolingian Empire Aachen Empire 800–888 AD
East Francia Various Kingdom 843–962 AD
France Paris, Versailles Kingdom 843–1792 AD
Frisia Dorestad, Utrecht Tribal kingdom 600–734 AD
Frisia (Upstalsboom Confederacy) Confederacy c. 1200–c. 1500 AD
Flanders Various Countship 862–1795 AD
Frankish Empire Tournai, Paris Kingdom/Empire 481–843 AD
Holland The Hague Countship 11th century–1795 AD
Holy Roman Empire No official Empire 962–1806 AD
Lorraine Nancy Dukedom 959–1766 AD
Lotharingia Kingdom 855–959 AD
Middle Francia Aachen Kingdom 843–855 AD
Normandy Rouen Duchy 911–1259 AD
Old Saxony Dukedom 758–804 AD
Pomerania Various Duchy 1121–1637 AD
Poher Vorgium Principality 520–936 AD
Saxons Tribal confederation 5th century BC–754 AD
Swiss Confederacy Various Confederacy c. 1300–1798
Terra Mariana Various Confederated bishopric principalities (religious) 1207–1561 AD
West Francia Paris Kingdom 843–987 AD

Scandinavia

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Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Denmark Various Kingdom c. 900 AD–state exists today
Iceland Þingvellir Commonwealth (federation) 930–1262 AD
Kalmar Copenhagen (from 1443) Union 1397–1523 AD
North Sea Empire Ribe Personal union 1013–1042 AD
Kingdom of Norway Various Kingdom 872 AD–state exists today
Petty kingdoms of Norway Various Kingdoms ?–872 AD
Sweden Various Kingdom c.970–state exists today

Balkans

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Name Capital/s State type Existed Flag
Albania Durrës Principality 1328–1415 AD
Achaea Andravida, Mystras Principality 1205–1432 AD
Arbanon Kruja Principality 1190–1255 AD
Archipelago Naxos Duchy 1207–1579 AD
Argos & Nauplia Nauplia Lordship/client 1212–1388 AD
Arta Arta Despotate 1359–1416 AD
Athens Athens Duchy 1205–1458 AD
Bodonitsa Benevento Marquisate/client 1204–1414 AD
Kingdom of Bosnia Various Kingdom 1377–1463 AD
Byzantine Empire Constantinople Empire 395–1453 AD
First Bulgarian Empire Pliska (681–893), Preslav (893–968/972), Skopje, Ohrid, Bitola (until 1018) Empire 681–1018 AD
Second Bulgarian Empire Tarnovo (1185 –1393) Vidin and Nikopol (1393–1396) Empire 1185–1396 AD
Emirate of Crete Chandax Emirate 824–961 AD
Croatian duchy Various Principality c. 800–925 AD
Croatia Various Kingdom 925–1102 AD
Dobruja Karvuna Despotate 1356–1411 AD
Duklja Shkodër Despotate 10th century–1186 AD
Latin Empire Constantinople Empire 1204–1261 AD
Despotate of Lovech Lovech Despotate 1330-1446 AD
League of Lezhë Confederacy 1444–1479 AD
Lower Pannonia Various Principality/client 839–875 AD
Narentines Tribal chiefdom/countship/dukedom 6th–10th centuries AD
Neopatras Neopatras Duchy 1319–1390
Lordship of Prilep Prilep Kingdom 1371–1395 AD
Ragusa Ragusa Republic 1358–1807 AD
Salona Salona Lordship 1212–1394
Principality of Serbia Ras Principality 7th century–c. 970
Grand Principality of Serbia Ras Grand Principality c. 1080–1217
Kingdom of Serbia Ras, Žiča, Prizren Kingdom 1217–1346
Serbian Empire Skopje, Prizren Empire 1346–1371
Principality of Serbia Kruševac Principality 1371–1402
Serbian Despotate Kuševac, Beograd, Smederevo Despotate 1402–1459
Travunia Trebinje Principality/client 850–1482 AD
Thessalonica Thessalonica Kingdom 1204–1224 AD
Principality of Valona Valona Principality 1346–1417 AD
Vidin Vidin Tsardom 1356–1365 AD

Iberian Peninsula

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Name Capital/s State type Existed Flag
Aragon Jaca, Zaragoza Kingdom 1162–1716 AD
Asturias Various Kingdom 718–924 AD
Castile Various Kingdom 1230–1516 AD
Catalonia Barcelona Principality 1162–1716 AD
Córdoba Córdoba Emirate 756–929 AD
Cordoba Córdoba Caliphate 929–1031 AD
Galicia A Coruña Kingdom 910–1833 AD
Hispanica Girona? Marquisate 795–801 AD
León Leon Kingdom 910–1230 AD
Majorca Palma, Perpignan Kingdom 1231–1715 AD
Navarre Pamplona Kingdom 824–1841 AD
County of Portugal Guimarães, Coimbra Kingdom 868–1139 AD
Portugal Various Kingdom 1139–1910 AD
Spain Toledo, Madrid Composite monarchy/Kingdom 1516 AD–state exists today
Taifa Various Confederation of kingdoms/principalities 1011–1571 AD
Valencia Valencia Kingdom 1238–1707 AD
Visigothic Various Kingdom 418–720 AD

Italy

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Name Capital/s State type Existed Flag
Ancona Ancona Republic 100–1532 AD
Apulia and Calabria Malfi, later Salerno County 1043–1130 AD
Benevento Benevento Dukedom/Principality/Client 571–1074 AD
Capua Capua Principality 861–1139 AD
Ceva Ceva Marquisate 1125–1427 AD
Republic of Cospaia Coapaia Republic 1440–1826 AD
Florence Florence Republic 1115–1532 AD
Duchy of Gaeta Gaeta Duchy 839–1140 AD
Genoa Genoa Republic 1005–1797 AD
Lombard Pavia Kingdom 568–774 AD
Lucca Lucca Republic 1160–1805 AD
Milan Milan Duchy 1395–1796 AD
Naples Naples Duchy 661–1137 AD
Republic of Noli Noli Republic 1192–1797
Papal Rome Pontifical states 754–1870 AD
Republic of Pisa Pisa Republic 1000–1406
Salerno Salerno Principality 851–1077 AD
San Marino San Marino Republic 301 AD–state exists today
Sardinian kingdoms Various Various Kingdom 10thcentury–1420 AD
Sardinia Cagliari, Turin Kingdom 1324–1861 AD
Savoy Chambeery, later Turin Dukedom 1416–1714
Emirate of Sicily Balarm Emieate 831–1091 AD
County of Sicily Palermo County 1071–1130 AD
Kingdom of Sicily Various Kingdom 1130–1816 AD
Siena Siena Republic 1125–1555 AD
Sorrento Sorrento Duchy 840–1137 AD
Venice Venice Republic 697–1797 AD
Western Roman Empire Brussels Empire 395-480 AD

Hungary/Poland/Baltics

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Name Capital/s State type Existed Flag
Avar Khaganate Not specified Khaganate 567–804 AD
Principality of Hungary Esztergom, Székesfehérvár Principality 895–1000 AD
Kingdom of Hungary Various Kingdom 1000–1918/ 1920–1946 AD
Lithuania Vilnius Grand Dukemond 1236–1569 AD
Livonia Various Confederated bishopric principalities (religious) 1435 — 1561 AD
Moravia Veligrad Kingdom 833–907 AD
Duchy of Poland Gniezno Kingdom 966–1025 AD
Kingdom of Poland Gniezno. later Cracovia Kingdom 1025-1385 AD
Crown of the Kingdom of Poland Krakow Kingdom 1385–1795 AD
Terra Mariana Various Confederated bishopric principalities (religious) 1207–1561 AD

Russia/Ukraine/Belarus/Lithuania

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Name Capital/s State type Existed Flag
Principality of Beloozero Beloozero Principality 1199-1550 AD
Old Great Bulgaria Phanagoria Absolute monarchy, Khaganate 632–668 AD
Principality of Chernihiv Chernihiv Principality 1024–1402 AD
Crimean Khanate Stary Krym, Bakhchisaray Khanate 1449–1783 AD
Principality of Dmitrov Dmitrov Principality 1338-1460 AD
Duchy of Lithuania Aukštaitija Duchy 1111-1236 AD
Galicia–Volhynia Various Principality/kingdom/client 1199–1349 AD
Principality of Galich Galich Principality 1200-1481 AD
Principality of Galicia Halych Principality 1124–1199 AD
Principality of Kholm Kholm Principality 1330-1487 AD
Kievan Rus' Kiev Federated principalities 882–1283 AD
Principality of Kiev Kiev Principality 1132–1471 AD
Lithuania Vilnius Grand Dukemond 1236–1569 AD
Principality of Mikulin Mikulin Principality 1339-1485 AD
Moscow Moscow Grand Duchy / client 1283–1547 AD
Principality of Nizhny Novgorod-Suzdal Nizhny Novgorod Principality 1341–1425 AD
Novgorod Republic Novgorod Republic 1136–1478 AD
Principality of Pereyaslavl Krakow Kingdom 988–1239/1323 AD
Great Perm Perm Principality 1190-1600 AD
Polotsk Polotak Principality 987–1504 AD
Tsardom of Russia Moscow, Saint Petersburg Tsardom 1547–1721 AD
Principality of Ryazan Ryazan Principality 1129–1521 AD
Principality of Serpukhovsko-Borovsky Serpukhov Principality 1338-1460 AD
Principality of Smolensk Smolensk Principality, vassal state 1054–1508 AD
Principality of Starodub Starodub Principality 1215-1451 AD
Principality of Tver Tver Principality 1246–1485 AD
Principality of Vereya Vereya Principality 1400-1491 AD
Vladimir-Suzdal Vladimir Principality 1157–1331 AD
Principality of Volhynia Volhynia Principality 1157–1331 AD
Principality of Yaroslavl Yaroslavl Principality 1217–1470 AD

Middle East and North Africa

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Middle East

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Anatolia

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Name Capital State type Existed
Ahis Ankara Beylik 1230–1392 AD
Alaiye Alanya Beylik 1293–1471 AD
Aydinids Birgi, Selçuk Beylik 1300–1425 AD
Armenian Cilicia Tarsus, Sis Kingdom 1198–1375 AD
Arminiya Dvin Principality/client 653–884 AD
Byzantine Empire Constantinople Empire 330–1453 AD
Beyliks of Canik Various Beylik 1330s–1460 AD
Candar dynasty Eflani, Kastamonu, Sinop Beylik 1291–1461 AD
Chobanids Kastamonu Beylik 1211–1309 AD
Beylik of Çubukoğulları Harput Beylik 1085–1112 AD
Beylik of Dilmaç Bitlis Beylik 1085–1398 AD
Beylik of Dulkadir Elbistan, Maras Beylik 1348–1522 AD
Germiyanids Kütahya Beylik 1300–1429 AD
Hamidids Eğirdir Beylik 1300–1391 AD
Inalids Diyarbakır Beylik 1085–1183 AD
Karamanids Karaman Beylik 1250–1487 AD
Karasids Balıkesir, Bergama, Çanakkale Beylik 1286–1357 AD
Kurdish emirates various Chiefdoms/Principalities 16th–19th century AD
Beylik of Lâdik Denizli, Beylik 1262–1391 AD
Mengujekids Erzurum Beylik 1072–1277 AD
Menteshe Milas Beylik 1261–1424 AD
Marwanids Diyarbakir Emirate 983–1085 AD
Nicaea Nicaea Empire/client 1204–1261 AD
Ottoman Empire Söğüt, Bursa, Edirne, Istanbul Empire 1299–1922 AD
Pervâneoğlu Sinop Beylik 1277–1322 AD
Ramadanid Emirate Adana Emirate 1352–1608 AD
Rüm Nicaea, Iconium Sultanate 1077–1307 AD
Sahib Ataids Afyonkarahisar Beylik 1275–1341 AD
Saltukids Erzurum Beylik 1072–1202 AD
Sarukhanids Manisa Beylik 1300–1510 AD
Shah-Armens Ahlat Beylik 1110–1207 AD
Beylik of Smyrna Izmir Beylik 1081–1098 AD
Beylik of Tanrıbermiş Alaşehir Beylik 1071–1098 AD
Teke Antalya, Korkuteli Beylik 1321–1423 AD
Trebizond Empire Trebizond Empire/client 1204–1461 AD

Arabia

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Name Capital State type Existed
Abbasid Caliphate Baghdad Empire (religious) 750–1256 AD
Ghassanid Balka, Harith, Petra, Sideir Kingdom 220–712 AD
Jabrids Emirate 1417–1524
Jarwanid dynasty Qatif Kingdom 1310–1417 AD
Mahdids Sultanate 1155–1174 AD
Mecca Mecca Emirate 967–1916
Medina Medina Islamic state 630–632 AD
Nabhanis Bahla Kingdom 1154–1624 AD
Najahid dynasty Zabid Emirate 1022–1158 AD
Ormus Hormuz Kingdom 11th century–1622 AD
Ottoman Empire Söğüt, Bursa, Edirne, Istanbul Empire 1299–1922 AD
Qarmatians al-Hasa Republic (Utopia) 899–1067 AD
Rassids Not specified Imamate 897–1962 AD
Rasulid dynasty Zubid Sultanate 1229–1454 AD
Sulaymanids Sultanate 1063–1174 AD
Sulayhid dynasty Sana'a Sultanate 1047–1138 AD
Tahirids Zabid Sultanate 1454–1517 AD
Umayyad Caliphate Dammascus, Harran Empire (religious) 661–750 AD
Usfurids Al-Hasa Kingdom 1253–1320 AD
Uyunid Al Hasa, Awal, Qatif Emirate 1076–1253 AD
Wajihids Suhar Emirate 926–965 AD
Yu'firids Sana'a, Shibam Kawkabam Principality 847–997 AD
Ziyadid Zabid Emirate (religious) 819–1018 AD
Zurayids Aden Tribal confederacy (religious) 1083–1174 AD

Iran

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed
Abbasid Caliphate Baghdad Empire (religious) 750–1256 AD
Afrasiyab dynasty Amol Kingdom 1349–1504
Ahmadilis Maragheh Kingdom 1122–1225 AD
Alavids Amol Kingdom 864–900/914–928 AD
Aq Qoyunlu Various Confederate/Sultanate 1378–1501 AD
Baduspanids Kingdom 665–1598 AD
Banu Ilyas Bardsir Emirate 923–968 AD
Bavand Perim, Sari, Amol Kingdom 651–1349 AD
Buwayhids Shiraz, Ray, Baghdad Emirate 934–1062 AD
Chobanids Tebriz Kingdom 1338–1357 AD
Dabuyid Amol, Sari, Fuman Kingdom 642–760 AD
Ghurid Various Sultanate 879–1215 AD
Hasanwayhids Dinawar Emirate 959–1015 AD
Hazaraspids Chiefdom 1115–1424 AD
Ilkhanate Maragha, Tabriz, Soltaniyeh Nomadic kingdom 1256–1335 AD
Injuids Shiraz Empire 1335–1357 AD
Jalayirid Sultanate Baghdad, Tabriz Sultanate 1335–1432 AD
Justanids Rudbar Kingdom 791–11th-century
Kakuyids Isfahan, Yazd Kingdom 1008–1141 AD
Kara Koyunlu Tabriz Confederation 1374–1468 AD
Khorshidi dynasty Khorramabad Kingdom 1184–1497 AD
Mar'ashis Anol, Sari, Vatashan Kingdom 1359–1596 AD
Masmughans of Damavand Damavand Kingdom 651–760 AD
Muzaffarids Kerman Kingdom 1314–1393 AD
Nizari Ismaili Alamut Castle, Masyaf Military order 1090–1273 AD
Qarinvand dynasty Lafur Kingdom 550s–11th century AD
Rawadids Tabriz Emirate 955–1071 AD
Sadakiyans Chiefdom 770–827/8 AD
Saffarid dynasty Zaranj Empire 861–1002 AD
Safavid Iran Tabriz, Qazvin, Isfahan Empire 1501–1736 AD
Sajid dynasty Maragah, Ardabil Kingdom 789–929 AD
Salghurids Shiraz Atabegate 1148–1282 AD
Sallarid dynasty Tarom Kingdom 919–1062 AD
Sarbadars Sabzevar Kingdom 1337–1381 AD
Sasanian Empire Istakhr, Cteisphon Empire 224–651 AD
Seljuk Nishapur, Rey, Isfahan, Merv, Hamadan Empire 1037–1194 AD
Umayyad Caliphate Dammascus, Harran Empire (religious) 661–750 AD
Atabegs of Yazd Yazd Kingdom 1141–1319 AD
Ziyarid dynasty Various Kingdom 931–1090 AD

Mesopotamia

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Name Capital State type Existed
Abbasid Caliphate Baghdad Empire (religious) 750–1256 AD
Artuqids Hasankeyf, Diyarbakır, Harput, Mardin Beylik 1102–1409 AD
Buwayhids Shiraz, Ray, Baghdad Emirate 934–1062 AD
Hamdanid Mosul, Aleppo Emirate 890–1003 AD
Jalayirid Sultanate Baghdad, Tabriz Sultanate 1335–1432 AD
Numayrids Harran Emirate 990–1081 AD
Ottoman Empire Söğüt, Bursa, Edirne, Istanbul Empire 1299–1922 AD
Uqaylid Mosul Emirate 990–1096 AD
Umayyad Caliphate Dammascus, Harran Empire (religious) 661–750 AD
Zengid Aleppo Emirate 1127–1250 AD

Levantine/Cyprus

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed
Abbasid Caliphate Baghdad Empire (religious) 750–1256 AD
Antioch Antioch Principality/client 1098–1268 AD
Assaf Ghazir Lordship/client 1306–1591 AD
Banu Ammar Tripoli Principality/client (religious) 1070–1109 AD
Cyprus Nicosia Kingdom 1192–1489 AD
Edessa Edessa, Turbessel Countship 1098–1150 AD
Galilee Tiberias Principality/client 1099–1187 AD
Harfush Baalbek Lordship/client 1490–1865 AD
Jarrahids Ramla Emirate/client 970–1107 AD
Jerusalem Jerusalem Kingdom 1099–1291 AD
Ma'n Chouf Lordship/client 1120–1697 AD
Mirdasid Aleppo Emirate 1024–1080 AD
Ottoman Empire Söğüt, Bursa, Edirne, Istanbul Empire 1299–1922 AD
Oultrejordain Montreal (Arabah), Kerak Lordship/client 1118–1199 AD
Sidon Sidon Lordship/client 1110–1260 AD
Tripoli Tripoli Countship/client 1102–1289 AD
Tulunids Al-Qata'i Emirate 868–905 AD
Umayyad Caliphate Dammascus, Harran Empire (religious) 661–750 AD

North Africa

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Egypt

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed
Abbasid Caliphate Baghdad Empire (religious) 750–1256 AD
Ayyubid Cairo Confederated principalities/empire 1171–1341 AD
Banu Kanz Aswan Empire 943–1365 AD
Fatimid Caliphate Mahdia, Al-Mansuriya, Cairo Nomadic kingdom 909–1171 AD
Ikhshidid Fustat Emirate 935–969 AD
Mamluk Cairo Sultanate 1250–1517 AD
Ottoman Empire Söğüt, Bursa, Edirne, Istanbul Empire 1299–1922 AD
Tulunids Al-Qata'i Emirate 868–905 AD
Umayyad Caliphate Dammascus, Harran Empire (religious) 661–750 AD

Maghreb

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed
Aghlabids Kairouan Vassal State 800–909
Almoravid Aghmat, Marrakesh Empire 1040–1147 AD
Almohad Tinmel, Marrakesh Empire (religious) 1121–1269 AD
Kingdom of the Aurès Arris, Khenchela Kingdom 484–703 AD
Banu Khazrun Tripoli Kingdom 1001–1146 AD
Banu Khattab Zawila Kingdom 918–1177 AD
Banu Khurasan Tunis Kingdom 1108–1159 AD
Banu Talis Bani Walid Emirate 1258–1551 AD
Banu Thabit Tripoli Kingdom 14th century
Barghawata Tribal Confederation 744–1058 AD
Fatimid Caliphate Mahdia, Al-Mansuriya, Cairo Empire 909–1171 AD
Hammadid Beni Hammad, Bejaia Kingdom 1014–1152 AD
Hafsid Tunis Sultanate 1229–1574 AD
Idrisids Fez Empire (religious) 788–985 AD
Kingdom of Kuku Kuku Sultanate 1515–1638 AD
Midrarid dynasty Sijilmasa Kingdom 757–976 AD
Maghrawa Oujda Emirate 988–1069 AD
Marinid Sultanate Fez Sultanate 1244–1465 AD
Nekor Temsaman, Nekor Emirate 710–1012 AD
Ottoman Empire Söğüt, Bursa, Edirne, Istanbul Empire 1299–1922 AD
Kingdom of Ouarsenis Jedars Kingdom 430–735 AD
Rustamid dynasty Tahert Imamate 707–999 AD
Saadi Sultanate Various Sultanate 1510–1659 AD
Sulaymanid dynasty Tlemcen Kingdom 814–922 AD
Tlemcen Tlemcen Kingdom 1235–1554 AD
Emirate of Tlemcen Tlwmcen Emirate 757–790 AD
Umayyad Caliphate Dammascus, Harran Empire (religious) 661–750 AD
Wattasid dynasty Fez Kingdom 1472–1554 AD
Zab Emirate Biskra Emirate 1350's–1402 AD
Zirid dynasty Various Vassal state 972–1148 AD

Caucasus,Eurasian Steppe and Central Asia

[edit]

Caucasus

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Kingdom of Abkhazia Anakopia, Kutaisi Kingdom 1463–1864
Principality of Abkhazia Sukhumi Principality 1463–1864
Ahmadilis Maragheh Kingdom 1122–1225 AD
Alania Maghas Kingdom Late 9th century–1240
Kingdom of Artsakh khachen, Haterk, Vaykunik Kingdom 1261–1603
Avaria Khunzakh Khaganate 13th century–1864 AD
Bagratid Armenia Various Kingdom 880s–1045 AD
Circassia Various Kingdom 7th century–1864 AD
Eldiguzids Nakhchivan Atabeg 1126–1245 AD
Georgia Kutaisi, Tbilisi Kingdom 1008–1491 AD
Iberia Tbilisi Principality 580–891 AD
Kingdom of Kakheti Gremi Kingdom 1465–1762 AD
Kingdom of Kakheti-Hereti Telavi Kingdom 1014–1104 AD
Karluk Yabghu Suyab, later Balasagun Tribal Kingdom 756–840 AD
Kingdom of Kartli Tbilisi Kingdom 1478–1762 AD
Principality of Khachen Gandzasar, Haterk, Tsar Principality 1261–1603
Lazica Phasis Kingdom/client 1st century BC–7th century AD
Shirvanshahs Shamakhi, later Baku Kingdom 861–1534 AD
Simsim Kingdom 1349–1470 AD
Sarir Humraj Kingdom/client 453–1000 AD
Tarki Shamkhalate Tarki Kingdom 8th century–1867 AD
Kingdom of Syunik Kapan Kingdom 987–1170 AD
Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget Matsnaberd, Lori Kingdom 979–1118 AD
Kingdom of Vaspurakan Van Kingdom 908–1021 AD
Zakarid Armenia Van Kingdom 1201–1050 AD Ani

Eurasian Steppe

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Astrakhan Khanate Astrakhan Khaganate 1466–1556
Avar Khaganate Khaganate 567–804 AD
Barsil Tribal union 600–700 AD
Old Great Bulgaria Phanagoria Absolute monarchy, Khaganate 632–668 AD
Volga Bulgaria Bolghar, Bilär Monarchy, Khaganate 7th century–1240s AD
Chagatai Khanate Almaliq Nomadic Empire 1226–1660 AD
Cumania Not specified Nomadic confederation 900–1220 AD
Eastern Turkic Khaganate Otuken Nomadic Empire 603–645 AD
Ganzhou Uyghur Kingdom Ganzhou Kingdom 894–1038 AD
Göktürk Khaganate Ordu Baliq Nomadic confederation 552–747 AD
Golden Horde Sarai Batu Khanate 1240–1502 AD
Karluk Yabghu Suyab, later Balasagun Tribal Kingdom 756–840 AD
Kangar union

located in Ulutau mountains

Nomadic Kingdom 659–750 AD
Khanate of Kazan Kazan Khanate 1438–1552 AD
Khamag Mongol Tribal confederation/khanate 1120–1206 AD
Kara-Khanid Khanate Various Nomadic confederation 840–1212 AD
Khazar Khaganate Various Nomadic kingdom 618–1048 AD
Khitan Shangjing Kingdom/client 388–1211 AD
Kimek–Kipchak confederation Imekia Tribal confederation 880–1035 AD
Moghulistan Almaliq Khaganate 1347–1660s AD
Mongol Empire Various Empire 1206–1368 AD
Nogai Horde Saray-Jük Horde 1440s–1634 AD
Northern Yuan Shangdu Kingdom 1368–1635 AD
Oghuz Yabgu State Jankent Khaganate 766–1055 AD
Qocho Kingdom Qocho Kingdom 843–14th century AD
Oirat Confederation Tarki Tribal Confederation 1399–1634 AD
Second Turkic Khaganate Otuken, Yarγan yurtï Nomadic Empire 682–744 AD
Khanate of Sibir Sibir Khaganate 1468–1598 AD
Tatar Not specified Confederation 8th century–1202 AD
Uyghur Khaganate Otuken, later Ordu-Baliq Nomadic Empire 744–840 AD
Western Turkic Khaganate Navekat, Suyub Nomadic Empire 603–742 AD
Xueyantuo Ih Huree Tribal Confederation 623–728 AD
Yenisei Kyrgyz Khaganate Ordo-Baliq,Kemijket Khaganate 693-1207

AD

Yuan Empire Khanbaliq Nomadic empire 1271–1368 AD

Central Asia

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Afrighid Kath Kingdom/client 305–995 AD
Farighunids Maymana Client Kingdom 9th century–1010 AD
Ghaznavids Empire Ghazni, later Lahore Empire 977–1186 AD
Ghurid Various Sultanate 879–1215 AD
Guzgan Principality 7th–8th century AD
Kashgar Kashgar Kingdom/Client 80–850 AD
Khotan Khotan Kingdom 56–1006 AD
Khwarazmian Empire Gurgani, Samarkand, Tabriz Empire 1077–1231 AD
Mihrabanids Zaranj Kingdom 1236–1537 AD
Nasrid dynasty Zaranj Kingdom 1029–1225 AD
Samanid Empire Samarkand, later Bukhara Empire 819–999 AD
Timurid Empire Samarkand, Herat Empire 1370–1507 AD
Tokhara Yabghus Kunduz Sub-Kingdom 625–758 AD
Principality of Ushrusana Bunjikat Principality 600–892/3 AD
Uzbek Khanate Chimgi-Tura, Sighnaq, Isay Confederate Khaganate 1428–1471 AD
Zunbils Ghazni Nomadic empire 680–870 AD

East Asia

[edit]
Map of the world 13th century AD

China

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Dali Kingdom Dali Town Chiefdom 937–1253 AD
Dachanghe Dali Chiefdom 902–928 AD
Eastern Liao Kingdom 1213-1269 AD
Eastern Xia Kaiyuan Kingdom 1215–1233 AD
Later Han Kaifeng Kingdom 947–951
Northern Han Taiyuan Kingdom 951–979
Great Jin Various Empire 1115–1254 AD
Later Jin Kaifeng Kingdom 936–947
Later Liang Luoyang, Kaifeng Kingdom 907–023
Ma Chu Changsha Kingdom 908–951
Middag Middag Kingdom ?–17th century AD
Min Changle Kingdom 909–945 AD
Mongol Empire Avarga, Karakorum, Dadu Empire 1206–1368 AD
Former Shu Chengdu Kingdom 907–925
Later Shu Chengdu Kingdom 934–965
Chiefdom of Sizhou Sizhou Chiefdom 582–1413
Song Empire Bianjing, Lin'an Empire 960–1279 AD
Southern Han Xingwang Fu Kingdom 917–971
Tang Empire Chang'an, Luoyang Empire 618–907 AD
Later Tang Luoyang, Kaifeng Kingdom 923–937
Southern Tang Jinling Kingdom 937–976
Western Xia Xingqing Kingdom 1038–1237 AD
Wuyue Qiantang Kingdom 907–978 AD
Yang Wu Yangzhou Kingdom 907–937 AD
Yuan Empire Khanbaliq Nomadic Empire 1271–1368 AD
Later Zhou Kaifeng Kingdom 951–960

Japan

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Ashikaga shogunate Heian-kyō Military regime 1336–1573 AD
Azuchi–Momoyama Azuchi, Heian-kyō Military regime 1568–1600 AD
Chūzan Urasoe Kingdom 1314–1429 AD
Hokuzan Nakijin Kingdom 1322–1466 AD
Ikkō-ikki Ishiyama Hongan-ji Military Confederacy 1457–1586 AD
Japan Kingdom 4th–7th century AD
Kamakura shogunate Kamakura-kyō, Heian-kyō Military regime 1192–1333 AD
Ryukyu Shuri Kingdom 1429–1879 AD

Korea

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Later Baekje Wansanju Kingdom 892–936
Balhae Empire Dongmo Empire 698–926 AD
Goryeo Gaegyeong Kingdom 918–1392 AD
Jeongan Kingdom 938–986 AD
Silla Gyeongju Kingdom 55 BC–935 AD
Tamna Kingdom ?–1404
Taebong Somgak, Cheorwon Kingdom 901–918
Usan Kingdom 512–930 AD

Tibet

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Guge Tsaparang Kingdom 910–1630
Khasa Kingdom Sinja Valley Kingdom 11th–14th century
Maryul Shey Kingdom 930–1842
Phagmodrupa dynasty Nedong Kingdom 1354–1618 AD
Rinpungpa Shigatse Kingdom 1435–1565 AD
Tibetan Empire Lhasa, Pho brang Empire 618–841 AD
Tsangpa Shigatse Theocratic 1565–1642 AD
Tsongkha Tsongkha Theocracy 997–1104
Xiliangfu Liangzhou Tribal Confederation 906–1016

Southeast Asia

[edit]

Burma

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Kingdom of Ava Ava Kingdom 1365–1555
Hanthawaddy Kingdom various Kingdom 1287–1552 AD
Kingdom of Mrauk U Mrauk U Kingdom 1430–1785 AD
Myinsaing Kingdom Myinsaing Kingdom 1237–1313 AD
Pagan Kingdom Pagan Kingdom 849–1297 AD
Pinya Kingdom Pinya Kingdom 1313–1365 AD
Prome Kingdom Nanzan Kingdom 1482–1542 AD
Pyu Sri Ksetra Federated City States 250 BC–1085 AD
Sagaing Kingdom Sagaing Kingdom 1315–1365 AD
Shan States Various Kingdoms 1215–1985
Thaton Thaton Kingdom 300 BC–1085 AD
Toungoo dynasty Toungoo, Pegu, Ava Kingdom 1510–1752 AD

Cambodia/Laos/Thailand

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Haripuñjaya Haripuñjaya Kingdom 629–1292 AD
Khmer Empire Angkor Empire 802–1431 AD
Lan Na Chiang Rai, Fang, Wiang Kum Kam, Chiang Mai Kingdom 1292–1775 AD
Lavo Lavo, Ayodhaya Kingdom 450–1388 AD
Lan Xang Luang Prabang, later Vientiane Kingdom 1353–1707 AD
Nakhon Si Thammarat Kingdom Nakhon Si Thammarat Kingdom 13th century–1782 AD
Phayao Kingdom Phayao Kingdom 1094–1338 AD
Sukhothai Kingdom Sukhothai, Song Khwae Kingdom 1238–1438 AD

Vietnam

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Đại Việt / Annam Thăng Long Kingdom 938–1400 AD / 1428–1804 AD
Đại Ngu Tây Đô Kingdom 1400–1407 AD
Ngưu Hống Murong Moi Kingdom 1000–1432 AD
Vạn Xuân Longbian Kingdom 544–603 AD

Indonesia/Malaysia

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Aru Kingdom Kota Rentang Kingdom 1225–1613
Bali Kingdom Bali Kingdom 914–1908 AD
Blambangan Kingdom Banyuwangi Kingdom 13th–18th century AD
Bruneian Empire Various Empire 7th–19th centuries AD
Sultanate of Cirebon Various Sultanate 1447–1679 AD
Demak Sultanate Demak Sultanate 1475–1554 AD
Galuh Kingdom Kawali Kingdom 669–1482 AD
Sultanate of Jailolo Jailolo Sultanate 13th century–1832 AD
Janggala Hujung Galuh Kingdom 1045–1135 AD
Kahuripan Kahuripan Kingdom 1019–1045 AD
Kalingga Kingdom Kingdom 6th–7th century AD
Kalinyamat Sultanate Kalinyamat Sultanate 1527–1599 AD
Kantoli Kantoli Kingdom ???–471 AD
Kedah Kedah city Kingdom, later Sultanate 330–present AD
Kediri Kingdom Dahanapura Kingdom 1042–1222 AD
Kutai Kingdom, later Sultanate 399–1844 AD
Lambri Kingdom 822–1503 AD
Langkasuka Kedah, Pattani Kingdom 100–1516 AD
Kingdom of Maynila Maynila Kingdom 1500–1571 AD
Majapahit Trowulan Empire 1293–1527 AD
Malacca Sultanate Malacca Sultanate 1400–1528 AD
Mataram Kingdom Various Kingdom 716–1016 AD
Mataram Sultanate Kota Gede, Karta, Plered, Kartosuro Sultanate 1586–1755 AD
Negara Daha Kingdom ?
Pahang Inderapura Kingdom 5th century–1454 AD
Kingdom of Pajang Pajang Kingdom 1568–1586 AD
Pannai Pannai Kingdom 11th century–14th century AD
Pan Pan ? Kingdom 300–700 AD
Segati Kingdom Various Kingdom ?–16th century AD
Samudera Pasai Sultanate Pasai Sultanate 1267–1524 AD
Singhasari Tumapel Kingdom 1222–1292 AD
Kingdom of Singapura Singapura Kingdom 1299–1398 AD
Srivijaya Palembang Kingdom 671–1025 AD
Sulu Various Sultanate/client 1405–1915 AD
Sunda Pakuan Pajajaran, Kawali Kingdom 669–1579 AD

Philippines

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Caboloan Binalatongan Kingdom 1225–1556 AD
Cebu Singhapala Kingdom 1400–1565 AD
Dapitan Kingdom Dapitan Kingdom 13th century–1595
Kumalarang Kingdom 13th century–1565
Madya-as Confederation 1200–1569 AD
Kingdom of Maynila Maynila Kingdom 1500–1571 AD
Ma-i Kingdom 971–1339 AD
Namayan Namayan Kingdom (before) 1175–1571 AD
Tondo Empire Tondo City State 900–1589 AD

South Asia

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Ahmadnagar Sultanate various Sultanate 1490–1636
Alupa dynasty Various Kingdom 200–1444
Ay Aykudi Kingdom 4th century BC–12th century AD
Bhauma-Kara dynasty Jajpur Kingdom 8th–10th century
Bahmani Gulbarga, Bidar Sultanate 1347–1527
Baise Rajya Various Confederation of Kingdoms ?–1744
Bengal Sultanate Pandua, Sonargaon, Gaur Sultanate 1352–1576
Berar Sultanate Ellichpur Sultanate 1490–1572
Bidar Sultanate Bidar Sultanate 1492–1619
Bijapur Sultanate Gulbarga, Bidar Sultanate 1490–1686
Bumthang Chakhar Gutho Kingdom 7th–17th centuries
Kingdom of Chanda Bhutamabilika Kingdom 807–1751
Chaubisi Rajya Various Confederation of principalities ?–1744
Chavda dynasty Panchaser Kingdom 690–942
Chero dynasty various Kingdom 12th–19th century
Chindaka Naga Barasur Kingdom 1023–1324
Chowta dynasty various Kingdom 12th–18th century
Cochin Various Kingdom 12th century–1947
Chahamanas of Shakambhari Shakambhari, Ajayameru Kingdom 6th century–1192
Eastern Chalukya Vengi, Rajamundry Kingdom 624–1129
Chudasama dynasty various Kingdom 10th century–1472
Chutia Kingdom Sadiya Kingdom 14th century–1524
Delhi Sultanate Delhi Empire 1206-1526
Deva dynasty Bikrampur Kingdom 12th–13th century
Dimasa Kingdom various Kingdom 13th century–1832
Gahadavala dynasty Banaras and Kannauj Kingdom 1089–1197
Gajapati Empire Cuttack Empire 1434-1541
Garha Kingdom Garha Kingdom 15th century–1781
Garhwal Various Kingdom 888–1949
Golconda Sultanate Golconda, Hyderabad Sultanate 1518–1687
Gurjara Pratihara Empire Kannauj Empire 650–1036
Gujarat Sultanate Ahmedabad Sultanate 1394–1573
Haihaiyavanshi Kingdom Rayapura Kingdom 14th century–1758
Hoysala Empire Sosavur, Belur, Halebidu Empire 1026–1343
Jaintia Kingdom Nartiang, Jaintiapur Kingdom 500–1835
Jaunpur Sultanate Jaunpur Sultanate 1394–1493
Kakatiya dynasty Orugallu Empire 1163–1323
Kalachuris of Sarayupara Kingdom 800–1080
Kalachuris of Tripuri Tripuri Kingdom 7th century–1212
Kalachuri dynasty Mahishmati Kingdom 550–625
Kalachuris of Kalyani Kalyani Kingdom 1164–1181
Kalachuris of Ratnapura Ratanpur Kingdom 11th century–1758
Kamarupa Pragjyotishpur, Haruppeswara, Durjaya Kingdom 350–1140
Kamata Kingdom Kamarupanagara Kingdom 1257–1587
Kampili kingdom Kingdom 1230–1886
Karnat dynasty various Kingdom 1097–1324
Karkota dynasty Kingdom 625–855
Kashmir Sultanate Srinagar Sultanate 1320–1589
Nayakas of Keladi Keladi, Ikkeri, Bidanur Kingdom 1499–1763
Khandesh Sultanate Sultanate 1382–1601
Khasa Kingdom Sinja Valley Empire 11th–14th century
Kolathunadu Various Kingdom 6th century BC – Modern era
Kumaon Kingdom Baijnath, Champawat, Almora Kingdom 600–1791
Langah Sultanate Multan Sultanate 1445–1540
Licchavi Kingdom 400–750
Limbuwan Various kingdoms 550–1609
Lohara dynasty Srinagar Kingdom 1003–1320
Malwa Kingdom Dhar Kingdom 947–1304
Malwa Sultanate Dhar Sultanate 1392–1562
Madurai Sultanate Madurai Sultanate 1335–1378
Mallabhum kingdom Laugram, Bishnupur Kingdom 694–1947
Malla dynasty Various Kingdoms 1201–1769
Mana dynasty Wairagarh Kingdom 650–850
Maukhari Empire Kannauj Empire 550–700
Madurai Nayak dynasty Madurai Kingdom 1529–1736
Emirate of Multan Multan Emirate 855–1010
Musunuri Nayakas Warangal Kingdom 1335–1358
Mysore Mysore, Srirangapatna Kingdom 1399–1947
Namgyal dynasty of Ladakh Leh Kingdom 1460–1842
Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur Various Chiefdom 4th century–1952
Odanad Mavelikkara, Kayamkulam Sultanate 11th century–1746
Oiniwar dynasty Sugauna Kingdom 1325–1526
Pala Empire Various Empire 750-1161
Pallava Empire Kanchi Empire 250 BC–800 AD
Pamduvamshis Sirpur Kingdom 7th–8th century
Pithipatis of Bodh Gaya Bodh Gaya Kingdom 11th–13th century
Pratapgarh Kingdom Patharkandi Kingdom 1489–1700s
Rashtrakuta dynasty Manyakheta Kingdom 753–982
Reddi Kingdom Addanki Kingdom 1325–1448
Saindhava Bhutamabilika Kingdom 735–920
Sambuvarayar Rajagambhiram Kingdom 1236–1375
Sena Empire Gauda, Bikrampur, Nabadwip, Lakhnauti, Vijaynagar Empire 1070–1230
Seuna dynasty Devagiri Kingdom 1187–1317
Shailodbhava dynasty Kingdom 6th-8th century
Shilahara Kingdom Thane Kingdom 8th–13th century
Sindh Aror Kingdom 632–712
Somavamshi dynasty Yayatinagara Kingdom 9th–12th century
Taraf Rajpur, later Laskarpur Kingdom 1200–1610
Tomara dynasty Anangpur Kingdom 736–1152
Utpala dynasty Awantipora Kingdom 855–1003
Vaghela dynasty Dhavalakka Kingdom 1244–1304
Venad Kingdom Quilon Kingdom 8/9th century–1729
Vijayanagara Empire Vijayanagara Empire 1336–1646
Western Ganga Kolar, Talakad Kingdom 350–1000
Western Chalukya Empire Manyakheta Empire 975–1184
Yajvapala dynasty Kingdom 13th century
Zamorin Calicut Kingdom 1124–1806

Sri Lanka

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Anuradhapura Anuradhapura Kingdom 377 BC–1017 AD
Kingdom of Dambadeniya Dambadeniya Kingdom 1220–1345 AD
Kingdom of Gampola Gampola Kingdom 1341–1408 AD
Jaffna kingdom Nallur Kingdom 1215–1619 AD
Kingdom of Kandy Kandy Kingdom 1469–1815 AD
Kingdom of Kotte Kotte Kingdom 1412–1597 AD
Kingdom of Polonnaruwa Vijayarajapura Kingdom 1055–1232 AD
Kingdom of Sitawaka Sitawaka Kingdom 1521–1594 AD
Vanni chieftaincies Chiefdom 13th century–1782 AD

Sub-Saharan Africa

[edit]
Map of the world during the early Middle Ages 700 AD

Horn Africa

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Adal Zeila, Dakkar, Harrar Sultanate 1415–1559 AD
Ajuran Empire Mareeg, Qelafo, Mecca Empire 13th–17th centuries AD
Aksumite Empire Empire 100–960 AD
Sultanate of Arababni Sultanate 12th century–1840 AD
Sultanate of Bale Sultanate 13th century–1320s AD
Dankali Sultanate Dankali Sultanate 13th–18th century AD
Sultanate of Dahlak Dahlak Sultanate 960–1557 AD
Kingdom of Damot Maldarede Kingdom 960–1317 AD
Dawaro Principality 960s–17th century AD
Ennarea Yadare, Gowi Kingdom 14th century–1710 AD
Ethiopian Empire Addis Ababa Empire 1137–1975 AD
Fatagar State 9th–15th century
Gidaya Islamic State 9th–15th century
Hargaya Islamic State 9th–15th century
Harla Kingdom Hubat Kingdom 501–1500 AD
Sultanate of Ifat Wafat, Ziela Sultanate 1275–1403 AD
Makhzumi dynasty Walale Sultanate 896–1286 AD
Medri Bahri Debarwa Kingdom 1137-1879 AD
Sultanate of Mogadishu Mogadishu Sultanate 10th–16th century AD
Moro Islamic State 9th–15th century
Kingdom of Simien Kingdom 350–1625 AD
Tunni Sultanate Baraea Sultanate 9th century–13th century AD
Zagwe dynasty Lalibela Kingdom 960–1270 AD

Sudan

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Al-Abwab Kingdom 13th century–15th/16th century AD
Alodia Soba Empire 680–1504 AD
Beja kingdoms Tribal Kingdoms 7th–16th century
Blemmyes Tribal Kingdom 600 BC–8th century AD
Daju kingdom Daju Kingdom 12th century–15th century AD
Kingdom of Fazughli Kingdom 1500–1685 AD
Makuria Dongola Kingdom 340–1312 AD
Nobatia Pachoras Kingdom 350–650 AD
Shilluk Fashoda Kingdom 1490–1865 AD
Tunjur kingdom Uri Kingdom 1400s–1650s AD

Sahel/West Africa

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Sultanate of Agadez Agadez Sultanate 1404–1906 AD
Kingdom of Ardra Alladh Kingdom 12th/13th century–1724 AD
Benin Empire Benin City Empire 1440–1897 AD
Bornu Empire Ngazargamu Empire 1380–1893 AD
Denkyira Dunkwa-on-Offin Kingdom 1500–1701 AD
Gao Gao Empire 9th century–1430 AD
Ghana Empire Koumbi Saleh Empire 400–1235 AD
Great Fulo Anyam-Godo Empire 1490–1776 AD
Guinala Bruco Kingdom 14th–19th century
Gyaaman Sampa State 1450-1895
Hausa Kingdoms Various City-state kingdoms 9th century–1808 AD
Ife Empire Ile-Ifẹ Empire 1200–1410 AD
Isedo Isedo Kingdom 1300–17th century
Jolof Linguere Empire 1350–1549 AD
Igodomigodo Ubinu Kingdom 40 BC –1100 AD
Kaabu Kansala Empire 1537–1867 AD
Kanem Empire Njimi Empire 700–1387 AD
Mali Niani, Kangaba Empire 1230–1670 AD
Nri Igbo-Ukwu Kingdom 948–1911 AD
Oron Nation Oron Kingdom 1200-1908 AD
Oyo Empire Oyo-Ile Kingdom 1400–1905 AD
Songhai Empire Gao Empire 1464–1591 AD
Sosso Empire Sosso Empire 1076–1235 AD
Takedda Takedda Kingdom 1200–1600
Takrur Tumbere Jiinge, Taaga, Hoorewendu Kingdom 500s–1456

Bantu States

[edit]
Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Angoche Angoche, Moma Kingdom 1485–1910 AD
Ankole Mbarara Kingdom 1478-1967 AD
Kingdom of Butua Khami Kingdom 1450–1683 AD
Kasanze Kingdom Kingdom 1500–1648 AD
Kilwa Sultanate Kilwa Sultanate 957–1513 AD
Kongo São Salvador Kingdom/client 1390–1914 AD
Kongo dia Nlaza Confederation of kingdoms 14th–15th century
Mapungubwe Not specified Kingdom 1075–1220 AD
Mutapa Zvongombe Kingdom 1430–1760 AD
Swahili city-states City-states 9th–18th century
Kingdom of Zimbabwe Great Zimbabwe Kingdom 1220–1450 AD

Americas

[edit]

These are prehistoric states, listed either based on archaeological evidence or based on their existence at the time of European contact.

Name Capital State type Existed Flag
Chiefdom of Ameca Ameca Chiefdom 1325–1522 AD
Aymara kingdoms Various Kingdoms 1151–1477 AD
Azcapotzalco Azcapotzalco Kingdom 995–1428 AD
Aztec Empire Tenochtitlan Empire 1428–1521 AD
Cañari Tumebamba Tribal Confederacy 500–1533 AD
Chachapoya Tribal Confederacy 800–1470 AD
Chalco various Kingdom 13th century – 1521
Chimor Chan Chan Kingdom 900–1470 AD
Cocollán Cocollan Chiefdom 1100–1521 AD
Chincha Kingdom Kingdom 900–1450 AD
Colhuacan Colhuacan City-state 717–1521 AD
Kingdom of Cusco Cusco Kingdom 1200–1438 AD
Ichma Kingdom Pachacamac Kingdom 1100–1469 AD
Inca Empire Cusco Empire 1438–1533/72 AD
Iroquois Onondaga Tribal Confederacy 1450–1660 AD
Maya Various Kingdom City States 2000 BC–900AD
Mississippian culture various 800–1600 AD
Moche Moche-Trujillo. United Independent Polities 100–800 AD
Nazca Various Tribal chiefdoms 100 BC–800 AD
Tsenacommacah Werowocomoco Tribal Confederacy 16th century–1677 AD
Pueblo Various Tribal chiefdoms 12th century BC–14th century AD
Purépecha Empire Tzintzuntzan Empire 1300–1530 AD
Quilmes Quilmes Chiefdom 850–1500 AD
Teotihuacan Empire Teotihuacan Empire 100 BC–8th century AD
Tiwanakun Empire Tiwanaku Empire 300–1000 AD
Tlatelolco Tiwanaku Empire 1337–1473 AD
Tlaxcala Tlaxcala Confederacy 1348–1520 AD
Toltec Empire Tula Empire 674–1122 AD
Veracruz El Tajín city-states 1200–1438 AD
Xochimilco Xochimilco Kingdom 900–1521 AD
Wari Empire Huari Empire 500–1100 AD
Zapotec Kingdom City States 700 BC–1521 AD
Muisca Confederation Hunza and Bacatá Tribal Confederacy ~1450–1540 AD
Tairona Various Tribal chiefdoms 2nd century BC-16th century AD

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]