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List of Indigenous Canadian politicians

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This is a list of indigenous persons in Canada who have been elected to the federal House of Commons, legislative assemblies of provinces and territories, and members appointed to the Senate. It also includes Indigenous Canadians who have been elected to overseas legislatures.

The first Metis politicians elected to the House of Commons were Pierre Delorme and Angus McKay, elected as Conservative party MPs in 1871. The very first First Nations parliamentarian is Leonard Marchand.

There have been 46 Indigenous persons who have served as Members of Parliament, as well as 21 who have been named Senators. After the 2021 Canadian election, the highest number of Indigenous persons were elected to Parliament in history – with 11 MPs (3.3% of the House of Commons). Of the current Indigenous Members of Parliament, 6 are Liberals, 3 are New Democrats and 2 are Conservatives.

Provincially twice has an Indigenous person served as premier (or been elected to serve as premier). John Norquay, who was Métis, served as premier of Manitoba from 1878 to 1887. Wab Kinew, of the Onigaming First Nation, was elected on October 3, 2023 to serve as premier of that same province, as soon as he is formally given the post.[1]

Indigenous persons have been elected to 11 of the 13 provincial legislatures – with only Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island never having had indigenous representation. As of October 2024, there are currently 26 Indigenous people serving in seven provincial legislatures. Of those members, 21 are New Democrats, 4 are Conservatives (one Manitoba Progressive Conservative, one BC Conservative, one CAQ, one UCP), and one Liberal.

In the territories, Indigenous persons form a majority of representatives in the legislatures of Nunavut and the Northwest Territories. Additionally, in Yukon, there are four indigenous MLAs (two Liberals, one New Democrat, and one Yukon Party).

Outside Canada, one Indigenous Canadian has been elected in Australia: Walt Secord served as a Labor member of the New South Wales Legislative Council from 2011 until his retirement in 2023. Secord is of Mohawk and Ojibwe descent.[1][2][3]

Federal

[edit]

House of Commons

[edit]
Portrait Member of Parliament Riding Took office Left office Party Ref. Note
Pierre Delorme
(1832–1912) 		Provencher March 3, 1871 July 7, 1872 Conservative [4] Métis
Angus McKay
(1836–1910) 		Marquette March 3, 1871 July 7, 1872 Conservative [5] Métis
Louis Riel
(1844–1885) 		Provencher October 13, 1873 January 22, 1874 Independent [6] Métis
William Boucher
(1889–1976) 		Rosthern October 25, 1948 August 9, 1953 Liberal [7] Métis
Roger Teillet
(1912–2002) 		St. Boniface June 18, 1962 June 24, 1968 Liberal [8] Métis
Eugène Rhéaume
(1932–2013) 		Northwest Territories April 8, 1963 November 7, 1965 Conservative [9] Métis
Leonard Marchand
(1933–2016) 		Kamloops–Cariboo June 25, 1968 May 21, 1979 Liberal [10] First Nations (Syilx)
Wally Firth
(born 1935) 		Northwest Territories October 30, 1972 May 21, 1979 NDP [11] Métis
Peter Ittinuar
ᐲᑎᕐ ᐃᑦᑎᓄᐊᕐ
(born 1950) 		Nunatsiaq May 22, 1979 November 26, 1982 NDP [12] Inuit
November 26, 1982 September 3, 1984 Liberal
Cyril Keeper
(born 1943) 		Winnipeg North Centre February 18, 1980 November 20, 1988 NDP [13] Métis
Thomas Suluk
ᑖᒪᔅ ᓱᓗᒃ
(born 1950) 		Nunatsiaq September 4, 1984 November 20, 1988 Conservative [14] Inuit
Jack Anawak
ᔭᒃ ᐃᐊᕋᒃ ᐊᓇᕙᒃ
(born 1950) 		Nunatsiaq November 21, 1988 June 1, 1997 Liberal [15] Inuit
Ethel Blondin-Andrew
(born 1951) 		Western Arctic November 21, 1988 January 22, 2006 Liberal [16] First Nations (Dene)
Willie Littlechild
(born 1944) 		Wetaskiwin November 21, 1988 October 24, 1993 Conservative [17] First Nations (Cree)
Elijah Harper
(1949–2013) 		Churchill October 25, 1993 June 1, 1997 Liberal [18] First Nations (Oji-Cree)
Lawrence D. O'Brien
(1951–2004) 		Labrador March 26, 1996 December 16, 2004 Liberal [19] Métis
Nancy Karetak-Lindell
ᓇᓐᓰ ᑲᕆᑕᒃ-ᓕᓐᑎᓪ
(born 1957) 		Nunavut June 2, 1997 March 16, 2008 Liberal [20] Inuit
Rick Laliberte
(born 1958) 		Churchill River June 2, 1997 June 27, 2004 Liberal [21] Métis
Bernard Cleary
(1937–2020) 		Louis-Saint-Laurent June 28, 2004 January 22, 2006 Bloc Quebecois [22] First Nations (Innu)
David Smith
(born 1963) 		Pontiac June 28, 2004 January 22, 2006 Liberal [23] Métis
Todd Russell
(born 1966) 		Labrador May 24, 2005 May 1, 2011 Liberal [24] Metis (NunatuKavut)
Rod Bruinooge
(born 1973) 		Winnipeg South January 23, 2006 October 18, 2015 Conservative [25] Métis
Tina Keeper
(born 1962) 		Churchill January 23, 2006 October 13, 2008 Liberal [26] First Nations (Cree)
Gary Merasty
(born 1964) 		Desnethé—Missinippi—Churchill River January 23, 2006 August 31, 2007 Liberal [27] First Nations (Cree)
Rob Clarke
(born 1967) 		Desnethé—Missinippi—Churchill River March 17, 2008 October 18, 2015 Conservative [28] First Nations (Cree)
Leona Aglukkaq
ᓕᐅᓇ ᐊᒡᓘᒃᑲᖅ
(born 1967) 		Nunavut October 14, 2008 October 18, 2015 Conservative [29] Inuit
Shelly Glover
(born 1967) 		Saint Boniface October 14, 2008 October 18, 2015 Conservative [30] Métis
Jonathan Genest-Jourdain
(born 1979) 		Manicouagan May 2, 2011 October 18, 2015 NDP [31] First Nations (Innu)
Peter Penashue
(born 1964) 		Labrador May 2, 2011 March 14, 2013 Conservative [32] First Nations (Innu)
Romeo Saganash
(born 1961) 		Abitibi—Baie-James—Nunavik—Eeyou May 2, 2011 October 20, 2019 NDP [33] First Nations (Cree)
Yvonne Jones
(born 1968) 		Labrador May 13, 2013 Incumbent Liberal [34] Métis (NunatuKavut)
Vance Badawey
(born 1964) 		Niagara Centre October 19, 2015 Incumbent Liberal [35] Métis
Georgina Jolibois
(born 1968) 		Desnethé—Missinippi—Churchill River October 19, 2015 October 20, 2019 NDP [36] First Nations (Clearwater River Dene)
Michael McLeod
(born 1959) 		Northwest Territories October 19, 2015 Incumbent Liberal [37] Métis (Dene)
Robert-Falcon Ouellette
(born 1979) 		Winnipeg Centre October 19, 2015 October 20, 2019 Liberal [38] First Nations (Red Pheasant Cree) & Métis
Don Rusnak
(born 1975) 		Thunder Bay—Rainy River October 19, 2015 October 20, 2019 Liberal [39] First Nations (Anishinaabe)
Marc Serre
(born 1955) 		Nickel Belt October 19, 2015 Incumbent Liberal [40] Métis
Dan Vandal
(born 1960) 		Saint Boniface—Saint Vital October 19, 2015 Incumbent Liberal [41] Métis
Jody Wilson-Raybould
(born 1971) 		Vancouver Granville October 19, 2015 April 2, 2019 Liberal [42] First Nations (Kwakwaka’wakw)
April 2, 2019 August 15, 2021 Independent
Jaime Battiste
(born 1979) 		Sydney—Victoria October 21, 2019 Incumbent Liberal [40] First Nations (Mi'kmaq)
Marc Dalton
(born 1960) 		Pitt Meadows—Maple Ridge October 21, 2019 Incumbent Conservative [40] Métis
Leah Gazan
(born 1971 or 1972) 		Winnipeg Centre October 21, 2019 Incumbent NDP [40] First Nations (Lakota)
Mumilaaq Qaqqaq
ᒧᒥᓛᖅ ᖃᖅᑲᖅ
(born 1993) 		Nunavut October 21, 2019 August 15, 2021 NDP [40] Inuit
Lori Idlout
ᓘᕆ ᐃᓪᓚᐅᖅ
(born 1973 or 1974) 		Nunavut September 20, 2021 Incumbent NDP [43] Inuit
Blake Desjarlais
(born 1993) 		Edmonton Griesbach September 20, 2021 Incumbent NDP [43] Métis (Cree Heritage)
Adam Chambers
(born 1984 or 1985) 		Simcoe North September 20, 2021 Incumbent Conservative [43] Métis

Senate

[edit]
Portrait Senator Riding Took office Left office Party Ref. Note
Richard Hardisty
(1831–1889) 		Northwest Territories February 23, 1888 October 18, 1889 Conservative [44] Métis
James Gladstone
(1887–1971) 		Alberta January 31, 1958 March 31, 1971 Conservative [45] Metis (Cree)[46]
Guy Williams
(1907–1992) 		British Columbia December 9, 1971 October 7, 1982 Liberal [47] First Nations (Haisla)
Willie Adams
(born 1934) 		Northwest Territories April 5, 1977 March 31, 1999 Liberal [48] Inuit
Nunavut April 1, 1999 June 22, 2009
Charlie Watt
(born 1944) 		Quebec January 16, 1984 March 16, 2018 Liberal [49] Inuit
Leonard Marchand
(1933–2016) 		British Columbia June 29, 1984 March 1, 1998 Liberal [10] First Nations (Syilx)
Walter Twinn
(1934–1997) 		Alberta September 27, 1990 October 30, 1997 Conservative [50] First Nations (Cree)
Gerry St. Germain
(born 1937) 		British Columbia June 23, 1993 November 6, 2012 Conservative [51] Métis
Thelma Chalifoux
(1929–2017) 		Alberta November 26, 1997 February 8, 2004 Liberal [52] Métis
Aurélien Gill
(1933–2015) 		Quebec September 17, 1998 August 2, 2008 Liberal [53] First Nations (Innu)
Nick Sibbeston
(born 1943) 		Northwest Territories September 2, 1999 November 21, 2017 Liberal [54] Métis
Lillian Dyck
(born 1945) 		Saskatchewan March 24, 2005 August 24, 2020 PSG [55] First Nations (Cree)
Sandra Lovelace Nicholas
(born 1948) 		New Brunswick September 21, 2005 January 31, 2023 PSG [56] First Nations (Maliseet)
Patrick Brazeau
(born 1974) 		Quebec January 8, 2009 February 7, 2013 Conservative [57] First Nations (Algonquin)
February 7, 2013 Incumbent Independent
Murray Sinclair
(born 1951) 		Manitoba April 2, 2016 January 31, 2021 Independent [58] First Nations (Ojibwe)
Daniel Christmas
(born 1956) 		Nova Scotia December 6, 2016 January 31, 2023 Independent [59] First Nations (Mi'kmaq)
Mary Jane McCallum
(born 1952) 		Manitoba December 4, 2017 Incumbent Independent [60] First Nations (Cree)
Yvonne Boyer
(born 1953) 		Ontario March 15, 2018 Incumbent Independent [45] Métis
Marty Klyne
(born 1957) 		Saskatchewan September 24, 2018 Incumbent PSG [61] First Nations (Cree)
Métis
Patti LaBoucane-Benson
(born 1969) 		Alberta October 3, 2018 Incumbent Independent [62] Métis
Margaret Dawn Anderson
(born 1967) 		Northwest Territories December 12, 2018 Incumbent PSG [63] Inuit (Inuvialuit)
Brian Francis
(born 1957) 		Prince Edward Island December 12, 2018 Incumbent PSG [64] First Nations (Mi'kmaq)
Michèle Audette
(born 1971) 		Quebec July 29, 2021 Incumbent Independent [65][66] First Nations (Innu)
Margo Lainne Greenwood
 British Columbia November 10, 2022 Incumbent ISG [67] First Nations (Cree)
Judy White
(born 1964) 		Newfoundland and Labrador July 6, 2023 Incumbent Independent [68] First Nations (Qalipu)
Paul Prosper
(born 1965) 		Nova Scotia July 6, 2023 Incumbent Independent [69] First Nations (Mi'kmaq)

Provincial

[edit]

Alberta

[edit]
Portrait MLA Riding Took office Left office Party Ref. Note
Peter Lougheed
(1928-2012) 		Calgary-West May 23, 1967 February 28, 1986 Conservative [70] Métis
Pearl Calahasen
(born 1952) 		Lesser Slave Lake March 20, 1989 May 4, 2015 Conservative [71] Métis
Mike Cardinal
(born 1941) 		Athabasca-Redwater March 20, 1989 March 2, 2008 Conservative [72] First Nations (Cree)
Yvonne Fritz
(born 1941) 		Calgary-Cross June 15, 1993 May 4, 2015 Conservative [73] Métis
Frank Oberle
(born 1957) 		Peace River November 22, 2004 May 4, 2015 Conservative [74] Métis
Brooks Arcand-Paul Edmonton-West Henday May 29, 2023 Incumbent NDP [75] First Nations (Cree)
Scott Sinclair Lesser Slave Lake May 29, 2023 Incumbent Conservative [75] First Nations
Jodi Calahoo Stonehouse Edmonton-Rutherford May 29, 2023 Incumbent NDP [75] First Nations (Cree)
First Nations (Mohawk)

British Columbia

[edit]
Portrait MLA Riding Took office Left office Party Ref. Note
Frank Arthur Calder
(1915–2006) 		Atlin June 15, 1949 1975 CCF/NDP [76] First Nations (Nisga’a)
1975 May 9, 1979 Social Credit
Larry Guno
(1940–2005) 		Atlin October 22, 1986 October 17, 1991 NDP [77][78] First Nations (Nisga’a)

Carole James
(born 1957) 		Victoria-Beacon Hill May 17, 2005 October 24, 2020 NDP [79] Métis
Marc Dalton
(born 1960) 		Maple Ridge-Mission May 12, 2009 May 8, 2017 BC Liberal [80] Métis
Melanie Mark
(born 1975) 		Vancouver-Mount Pleasant February 2, 2016 April 14, 2023 NDP [81] First Nations (Nisga’a)
First Nations (Cree)
First Nations (Gitxsan)
First Nations (Ojibway)
Adam Olsen
(born 1976) 		Saanich North and the Islands May 9, 2017 September 21, 2024 Green [82] First Nations (Coast Salish)
Ellis Ross Skeena May 9, 2017 September 21, 2024 BC United [83] First Nations (Haisla)
Joan Phillip Vancouver-Mount Pleasant June 24, 2023 Incumbent NDP [84] First Nations (Tsleil-Waututh)
Tamara Davidson North Coast-Haida Gwaii October 21, 2024 Incumbent NDP [85] First Nations (Haida)
Debra Toporowski Cowichan Valley October 21, 2024 Incumbent NDP [86] First Nations (Cowichan)
Á'a:líya Warbus Chilliwack-Cultus Lake October 21, 2024 Incumbent BC Conservative [87] First Nations (Stó꞉lō)

Manitoba

[edit]
Portrait MLA Riding Took office Left office Party Ref. Note
Pascal Breland
(1811–1896) 		St. Francois Xavier East December 27, 1870 December 29, 1874 Independent Métis
Pierre Delorme
(1832–1912) 		St. Norbert South December 27, 1870 December 29, 1874 Independent [4] Métis
André Beauchemin
(1824–1902) 		St. Vital December 27, 1870 December 29, 1874 Independent Métis
John Norquay
(1841–1889) 		High Bluff December 27, 1870 December 29, 1874 Independent Métis
St. Andrews South December 30, 1874 December 15, 1879
December 16, 1879 July 10, 1888 Conservative
Kildonan July 11, 1888 July 5, 1889
Louis Schmidt
(1844–1935) 		Saint Boniface December 27, 1870 December 29, 1874 Independent Métis
December 18, 1878 December 15, 1879
Maxime Lépine
(1837–1897) 		St. Francois Xavier East December 30, 1874 December 17, 1878 Independent Métis
Maxime Goulet
(1855–1932) 		La Verendrye December 18, 1878 January 22, 1883 Independent Métis
January 23, 1883 December 8, 1886 Conservative
Patrice Breland
(1837–1908) 		St. Francis Xavier December 16, 1879 January 22, 1883 Conservative Métis
Edith Rogers
(1876–1947) 		Winnipeg 1920 1932 Liberal Métis
Roger Teillet
(1912–2002) 		St. Boniface June 8, 1953 May 13, 1959 Liberal [8] Métis
Ken Dillen
(born 1938) 		Thompson June 28, 1973 October 10, 1977 NDP First Nations (Anishinaabe)
Elijah Harper
(1949–2013) 		Rupertsland November 17, 1981 November 30, 1992 NDP First Nations (Oji-Cree)
Denis Rocan
(born 1949) 		Carman March 18, 1986 May 21, 2007 Conservative Métis
Greg Dewar
(born 1956) 		Selkirk September 11, 1990 April 19, 2016 NDP [88] Métis
George Hickes
(born 1946) 		Point Douglas September 11, 1990 October 4, 2011 NDP [89] Inuit
Oscar Lathlin
(1947–2008) 		The Pas September 11, 1990 October 1, 2008 NDP First Nations (Cree)
Eric Robinson
(born 1953) 		Kewatinook September 21, 1993 April 18, 2016 NDP First Nations (Cree)
Frank Whitehead The Pas March 24, 2009 May 16, 2014 NDP First Nations (Cree)
Kevin Chief
(born 1974) 		Point Douglas October 4, 2011 January 9, 2017 NDP [90] Métis
Amanda Lathlin The Pas April 22, 2015 September 10, 2019 NDP [91] First Nations (Cree)
The Pas-Kameesak September 10, 2019 Incumbent
Nahanni Fontaine St. Johns April 19, 2016 Incumbent NDP [92] First Nations (Anishinaabe)
Wab Kinew
(born 1981) 		Fort Rouge April 19, 2016 Incumbent NDP [93] First Nations (Anishinaabe)
Manitoba NDP Leader and Premier of Manitoba
Judy Klassen Kewatinook April 19, 2016 August 12, 2019 Liberal [94] First Nations (Cree)
Manitoba Liberal Interim Leader (2016–2017)
Bob Lagassé Dawson Trail April 19, 2016 Incumbent Conservative [95] Métis
Alan Lagimodiere Selkirk April 19, 2016 September 5, 2023 Conservative [96] Métis
Colleen Mayer St. Vital April 19, 2016 September 9, 2019 Conservative [97] Métis
Bernadette Smith Point Douglas June 13, 2017 Incumbent NDP [98] First Nations (Anishinaabe)
Métis
Ian Bushie Keewatinook September 10, 2019 Incumbent NDP [99] First Nations (Anishinaabe)
Eric Redhead Thompson June 7, 2022 Incumbent NDP [100] First Nations (Cree)
Renée Cable Southdale October 3, 2023 Incumbent NDP [101] Métis
Billie Cross Seine River October 3, 2023 Incumbent NDP [102] Métis
Robert Loiselle St. Boniface October 3, 2023 Incumbent NDP [103] Métis
Tyler Blashko Lagimodière October 3, 2023 Incumbent NDP [104] Métis

New Brunswick

[edit]
Portrait MLA Riding Took office Left office Party Ref. Note
T. J. Burke
(born 1972) 		Fredericton-Nashwaaksis June 9, 2003 September 26, 2010 Liberal First Nations (Maliseet)

Newfoundland and Labrador

[edit]
Portrait MHA District Took office Left office Party Ref. Note
Kevin Aylward
(born 1960) 		St. George's-Stephenville East April 2, 1985 September 29, 2003 Liberal [105][106] First Nations (Mi'kmaq)
William Andersen III Torngat Mountains May 20, 1993 January 29, 1996 Liberal [107] Inuit (Nunatsiavut)
Wally Andersen Torngat Mountains February 22, 1996 February 13, 2007 Liberal [108] Inuit (Nunatsiavut)
Yvonne Jones
(born 1968) 		Cartwright-L'Anse au Clair February 22, 1996 April 8, 2013 Liberal [109][110][111][112] Métis (NunatuKavut)
Patty Pottle Torngat Mountains October 9, 2007 October 10, 2011 PC [113] Inuit (Nunatsiavut)
Keith Russell Lake Melville October 10, 2011 November 27, 2015 PC [114][115] Inuit (Nunatsiavut)
Randy Edmunds Torngat Mountains October 11, 2011 May 16, 2019 Liberal [116][117] Inuit (Nunatsiavut)
Lisa Dempster Cartwright-L'Anse au Clair July 18, 2013 Incumbent Liberal [118] Métis (NunatuKavut)
Lela Evans Torngat Mountains May 16, 2019 March 7, 2022 PC [119] Inuit (Nunatsiavut)
March 7, 2022 Incumbent NDP [120]

Northwest Territories

[edit]
Portrait MLA Riding Took office Left office Party Ref. Note
Nick Sibbeston
(born 1943) 		Mackenzie-Laird December 21, 1970 March 9, 1975 Independent Métis Premier of NWT
October 1, 1979 November 20, 1983
Nahendeh November 21, 1983 October 14, 1991
Peter Fraser
(1921–2000) 		Mackenzie Great Bear 1976 November 20, 1983 Independent Métis
Nellie Cournoyea
(born 1940) 		Western Arctic October 1, 1979 November 21, 1983 Independent [121] Inuit (Inupiaq) Premier of NWT
Nunakput November 21, 1983 October 16, 1995
Richard Nerysoo
(born 1953) 		Mackenzie Delta October 1, 1979 October 15, 1995 Independent First Nations (Gwich'in) Premier of NWT
Stephen Kakfwi
(born 1950) 		Sahtu October 5, 1987 November 23, 2003 Independent First Nations (Dene) Premier of NWT
Tony Whitford
(born 1941) 		Yellowknife South October 31, 1988 October 15, 1995 Independent Métis
Kam Lake December 6, 1999 November 23, 2003
Fred Koe
(born 1947) 		Inuvik October 15, 1991 October 15, 1995 Independent First Nations (Gwich'in)
Michael McLeod
(born 1959) 		Deh Cho December 6, 1999 October 2, 2011 Independent First Nations (Dene)
Kevin Menicoche
(born 1961) 		Nahendeh November 24, 2003 November 22, 2015 Independent First Nations (Dene)
Jackson Lafferty
(born 1969) 		Monfwi July 18, 2005 Incumbent Independent [122] First Nations (Dene)
Bob McLeod
(born 1952) 		Yellowknife South October 1, 2007 September 2, 2019 Independent [123] First Nations (Dene) Premier of NWT
Jackie Jacobson Nunakput October 1, 2007 November 22, 2015 Independent Inuit (Inuvialuit)
October 1, 2019 Incumbent
Frederick Blake Jr. Mackenzie Delta October 3, 2011 Incumbent Independent [124] First Nations (Gwich'in)
Alfred Moses Inuvik Boot Lake October 3, 2011 September 2, 2019 Independent [125] First Nations
Michael Nadli Deh Cho October 3, 2011 September 2, 2019 Independent [126] First Nations (Dene)
Herbert Nakimayak Nunakput November 23, 2015 September 2, 2019 Independent [127] Inuit
R. J. Simpson Hay River North November 23, 2015 Incumbent Independent [128] Métis
Caroline Cochrane Range Lake November 23, 2015 Incumbent Independent [129] Métis Premier of NWT
Steve Norn Tu Nedhé-Wiilideh October 1, 2019 November 23, 2021 Independent First Nations (Deninu Kųę́)
Rocky Simpson Sr. Hay River South October 1, 2019 Incumbent Independent [128] Métis and First Nations (Mikisew Cree)
Frieda Martselos Thebacha October 1, 2019 Incumbent Independent [130] First Nations (Salt River)
Ronald Bonnetrouge Deh Cho October 1, 2019 Incumbent Independent [131] First Nations (Deh Gáh Got'ı̨ę)
Diane Archie Inuvik Boot Lake October 1, 2019 Incumbent Independent [132] Inuit (Inuvialuit)
Lesa Semmler Inuvik Twin Lakes October 1, 2019 Incumbent Independent [133] Inuit (Inuvialuit)
Pauline Chinna Sahtu October 1, 2019 Incumbent Independent [134] First Nations (Sahtu)
Caroline Wawzonek Yellowknife South October 1, 2019 Incumbent Independent [135] Métis

Nova Scotia

[edit]

Nova Scotia is yet to elect an Indigenous MLA.

Nunavut

[edit]

Ontario

[edit]
Portrait MPP Riding Took office Left office Party Ref. Note
Solomon White
(1836–1911) 		Essex North 1878 1894 Conservative [136] Wyandot people (enfranchised)
Peter North
(born 1960) 		Elgin September 6, 1990 August, 1993 NDP [137] First Nations
August, 1993 June 2, 1999 Independent
Dave Levac
(born 1954) 		Brant June 3, 1999 June 7, 2018 Liberal [138] Métis
Guy Bourgouin
 Mushkegowuk—James Bay June 7, 2018 Incumbent NDP [139] Métis
Sol Mamakwa
 Kiiwetinoong June 7, 2018 Incumbent NDP [140] First Nations (Oji-Cree)
Suze Morrison
 Toronto Centre June 7, 2018 May 3, 2022 NDP [141] First Nations

Prince Edward Island

[edit]

Prince Edward Island is yet to elect an Indigenous MLA.

Quebec

[edit]
Portrait MNA Riding Took office Left office Party Ref. Note
Ludger Bastien
(1879–1948) 		Québec-Comté November 5, 1924 May 15, 1927 Conservative [142] First Nations (Huron)
Alexis Wawanoloath
(born 1982) 		Abitibi-Est March 26, 2007 December 7, 2008 Parti Quebecois [143] First Nations (Algonquian)
Kateri Champagne Jourdain Duplessis October 3, 2022 Incumbent Coalition Avenir Québec [144] First Nations (Innu)

Saskatchewan

[edit]
Portrait MLA Riding Took office Left office Party Ref. Note
Joseph Nolin
(1866–1925) 		Athabasca August 14, 1908 June 25, 1917 Liberal Métis
Île-à-la-Crosse June 26, 1917 December 1, 1925
Jules Marion
(1884–1941) 		Île-à-la-Crosse April 26, 1926 June 18, 1934 Liberal Métis
Athabasca June 8, 1938 April 5, 1941
Louis Marcien Marion
(1906–1976) 		Athabasca June 15, 1944 June 10, 1952 Liberal Métis
Lawrence Riel Yew
(1942–1998) 		Cumberland April 26, 1982 October 19, 1986 NDP Métis
Keith Goulet
(born 1946) 		Cumberland October 20, 1986 November 4, 2003 NDP Métis
Joan Beatty Cumberland November 5, 2003 January 3, 2008 NDP First Nations (Cree)
Buckley Belanger
(born 1960) 		Athabasca June 21, 1995 1998 Liberal [145] Métis
1998 August 15, 2021 NDP
Serge LeClerc
(1949–2011) 		Saskatoon Northwest November 7, 2007 August 31, 2010 Saskatchewan Métis
Doyle Vermette Cumberland June 25, 2008 October 1, 2024 NDP [146] Métis
Jennifer Campeau Saskatoon Fairview November 7, 2011 July 2, 2017 Saskatchewan First Nations (Anishinaabe)
Greg Lawrence Moose Jaw Wakamow November 7, 2011 October 1, 2024 Saskatchewan [147] Métis
Roger Parent
(1953–2016) 		Saskatoon Meewasin November 7, 2011 November 29, 2016 Saskatchewan Métis
Lisa Lambert Saskatoon Churchill-Wildwood November 30, 2016 October 1, 2024 Saskatchewan [148][149] Métis
Betty Nippi-Albright Saskatoon Centre October 26, 2020 Incumbent NDP [150] First Nations (Saulteaux)
First Nations (Cree)
Jim Lemaigre Athabasca February 15, 2022 October 1, 2024 Saskatchewan [151] First Nations (Clearwater River Dene)
Jordan McPhail Cumberland October 28, 2024 Incumbent NDP [152] First Nations (Cree)
Leroy Laliberte Athabasca October 28, 2024 Incumbent NDP [153] Métis

Yukon

[edit]
Portrait MLA Riding Took office Left office Party Ref. Note
Grafton Njootli
(1947–1999) 		Old Crow November 20, 1978 June 6, 1982 Conservative [154] First Nations (Vuntut Gwitchin)
Kathie Nukon
(born 1947) 		Old Crow June 7, 1982 May 14, 1985 Conservative [155] First Nations (Vuntut Gwitchin)
Margaret Commodore Whitehorse North Centre
Whitehorse Centre 		June 7, 1982 September 30, 1996 NDP [156] First Nations (Sto:lo)
Dave Porter Watson Lake June 7, 1982 February 19, 1989 NDP [157] First Nations (Kaska)
Norma Kassi
(born 1954) 		Old Crow May 13, 1985 October 18, 1992 NDP [158] First Nations (Vuntut Gwitchin)
Danny Joe
(born 1929) 		Mayo-Tatchun February 2, 1987 September 29, 1996 NDP [159] First Nations (Tutchone)
Johnny Abel
(1947–1995) 		Vuntut Gwitchin October 19, 1992 October 13, 1995 Yukon [160] First Nations (Vuntut Gwitchin)
Esau Schafer
(born 1952) 		Vuntut Gwitchin February 5, 1996 September 29, 1996 Yukon [161] First Nations (Vuntut Gwitchin)
Robert Bruce
(born 1940) 		Vuntut Gwitchin September 30, 1996 April 16, 2000 NDP [162] First Nations (Vuntut Gwitc'in)
Eric Fairclough
(born 1962) 		Mayo-Tatchun September 30, 1996 March 1, 2006 NDP [163] First Nations (Tutchone)
March 1, 2006 October 10, 2011 Liberal
Dave Keenan
(born 1951) 		Ross River-Southern Lakes September 30, 1996 November 3, 2002 NDP [164] First Nations (Tlingit)
Wayne Jim
(born 1961) 		McIntyre-Takhini April 17, 2000 November 3, 2002 Liberal [165] First Nations (Tutchone)
Lorraine Peter
(born 1956) 		Vuntut Gwitchin April 17, 2000 October 9, 2006 NDP [166] First Nations (Vuntut Gwitchin)
Darius Elias
(1972–2021) 		Vuntut Gwitchin October 10, 2006 August 17, 2012 Liberal [167] First Nations (Vuntut Gwitchin)
August 17, 2012 July 8, 2013 Independent
July 8, 2013 November 6, 2016 Yukon
Kevin Barr Mount Lorne-Southern Lakes October 11, 2011 November 7, 2016 NDP [168][169] First Nations (Anishinaabe)
Jeanie Dendys Mountainview November 7, 2016 Incumbent Liberal [170] First Nations (Tahltan)
Geraldine Van Bibber
(born 1951) 		Porter Creek North November 7, 2016 Incumbent Yukon [171] First Nations (Vuntut Gwitchin)
Pauline Frost Vuntut Gwitchin November 7, 2016 April 12, 2021 Liberal First Nations (Vuntut Gwitchin)
Annie Blake Vuntut Gwitchin April 12, 2021 Incumbent NDP [172] First Nations (Vuntut Gwitchin)
Jeremy Harper Mayo-Tatchun April 12, 2021 Incumbent Liberal [173] First Nations (Northern Tutchone)

Indigenous Politicians by Assembly Composition

[edit]

House of Commons

[edit]
Parliament Years Total Bloc Conservative Liberal NDP Other Independent
1st 1867–1872 2 -
2 / 100
0 / 62
 -
0 / 18
 -
2nd 1872–1874 1 -
0 / 100
0 / 95
 - -
1 / 5
3rd 1874–1878 0 -
0 / 65
0 / 129
 - -
0 / 12
4th 1878–1882 0 -
0 / 134
0 / 63
 - -
0 / 9
5th 1882–1887 0 -
0 / 133
0 / 73
 - -
0 / 5
6th 1887–1891 0 -
0 / 123
0 / 79
 -
0 / 1
0 / 10
7th 1891–1896 0 -
0 / 117
0 / 90
 -
0 / 1
0 / 6
8th 1896–1900 0 -
0 / 86
0 / 117
 -
0 / 4
0 / 6
9th 1900–1904 0 -
0 / 79
0 / 128
 - -
0 / 6
10th 1904–1908 0 -
0 / 75
0 / 137
 - -
0 / 2
11th 1908–1911 0 -
0 / 85
0 / 133
 -
0 / 1
0 / 2
12th 1911–1917 0 -
0 / 132
0 / 85
 -
0 / 1
0 / 3
13th 1917–1921 0 -
0 / 153
0 / 82
 - - -
14th 1921–1925 0 -
0 / 49
0 / 118
0 / 3
0 / 61
0 / 4
15th 1925–1926 0 -
0 / 115
0 / 100
0 / 2
0 / 24
0 / 4
16th 1926–1930 0 -
0 / 91
0 / 116
0 / 4
0 / 31
0 / 3
17th 1930–1935 0 -
0 / 135
0 / 89
0 / 2
0 / 15
0 / 4
18th 1935–1940 0 -
0 / 39
0 / 171
0 / 7
0 / 23
0 / 3
19th 1940–1945 0 -
0 / 39
0 / 179
0 / 8
0 / 15
0 / 4
20th 1945–1949 1 -
0 / 67
1 / 118
0 / 28
0 / 17
0 / 16
21st 1949–1953 1 -
0 / 41
1 / 191
0 / 13
0 / 12
0 / 5
22nd 1953–1957 0 -
0 / 51
0 / 169
0 / 23
0 / 17
0 / 5
23rd 1957–1958 0 -
0 / 112
0 / 105
0 / 25
0 / 19
0 / 4
24th 1958–1962 0 -
0 / 208
0 / 48
0 / 8
0 / 1
 -
25th 1962–1963 1 -
0 / 116
1 / 99
0 / 19
0 / 31
 -
26th 1963–1965 2 -
1 / 95
1 / 128
0 / 17
0 / 25
 -
27th 1965–1968 1 -
0 / 97
1 / 131
0 / 21
0 / 14
0 / 2
28th 1968–1972 1 -
0 / 72
1 / 154
0 / 22
0 / 15
0 / 1
29th 1972–1974 2 -
0 / 107
1 / 109
1 / 31
0 / 15
0 / 2
30th 1974–1979 2 -
0 / 95
1 / 141
1 / 16
0 / 11
0 / 1
31st 1979–1980 1 -
0 / 136
0 / 114
1 / 26
0 / 6
 -
32nd 1980–1984 2 -
0 / 103
1 / 147
1 / 32
 - -
33rd 1984–1988 2 -
1 / 211
0 / 40
1 / 30
 - -
34th 1988–1993 3 -
1 / 169
2 / 83
0 / 43
 -
0 / 1
35th 1993–1997 4
0 / 54
0 / 2
4 / 177
0 / 9
0 / 52
 -
36th 1997–2000 4
0 / 44
0 / 20
4 / 155
0 / 21
0 / 60
 -
37th 2000–2004 4
0 / 38
0 / 12
4 / 172
0 / 13
0 / 66
 -
38th 2004–2006 5
1 / 54
0 / 99
4 / 135
0 / 19
 -
0 / 1
39th 2006–2008 6
0 / 51
2 / 124
4 / 103
0 / 29
 -
0 / 1
40th 2008–2011 5
0 / 49
4 / 143
1 / 77
0 / 37
 -
0 / 1
41st 2011–2015 8
0 / 4
5 / 166
1 / 34
2 / 103
0 / 1
 -
42nd 2015–2019 10
0 / 10
1 / 99
7 / 184
2 / 44
0 / 1
 -
43rd 2019–2021 11
0 / 32
2 / 121
6 / 157
2 / 24
0 / 3
1 / 1
44th 2021–current 12
0 / 32
3 / 119
6 / 160
3 / 25
0 / 2
 -

Alberta Legislative Assembly

[edit]
Parliament Years Ind. total Conservative Liberal NDP Wildrose Other Independent
22nd 1989–1993 2
2 / 61
0 / 10
0 / 17
 - - -
23rd 1993–1997 3
3 / 52
0 / 33
 - - - -
24th 1997–2001 3
3 / 64
0 / 19
0 / 3
 - - -
25th 2001–2004 3
3 / 75
0 / 7
0 / 2
 - - -
26th 2004–2008 4
4 / 63
0 / 17
0 / 4
0 / 1
 - -
27th 2008–2012 3
3 / 69
0 / 10
0 / 2
0 / 4
 - -
28th 2012–2015 3
3 / 65
0 / 5
0 / 4
0 / 17
 - -
29th 2015–2019 0
0 / 29
0 / 1
0 / 54
 -
0 / 3
0 / 3
30th 2019–2023 0
0 / 63
 -
0 / 24
 - - -
31st 2023–current 3
1 / 49
 -
2 / 38
 - - -

British Columbia Legislative Assembly

[edit]
Parliament Years Ind. total BC United/Liberal Conservative NDP Other Independent
22nd 1949–1952 1
0 / 39
 -
1 / 7
 - -
23rd 1952–1953 1
0 / 6
0 / 4
1 / 18
0 / 23
 -
24th 1953–1956 1
0 / 4
0 / 1
1 / 14
0 / 28
 -
25th 1956–1960 1
0 / 2
 -
1 / 10
0 / 39
 -
26th 1960–1963 1
0 / 4
 -
1 / 16
0 / 32
 -
27th 1963–1966 1
0 / 5
 -
1 / 14
0 / 33
 -
28th 1966–1969 1
0 / 6
 -
1 / 16
0 / 33
 -
29th 1969–1972 1
0 / 5
 -
1 / 12
0 / 38
 -
30th 1972–1975 1
0 / 5
0 / 2
0 / 38
1 / 10
 -
31st 1975–1979 1
0 / 1
0 / 1
0 / 19
1 / 37
 -
32nd 1979–1983 0 - -
0 / 26
0 / 32
 -
33rd 1983–1986 0 - -
0 / 24
0 / 35
 -
34th 1986–1991 0 - -
0 / 28
0 / 47
 -
35th 1991–1996 0
0 / 20
 -
0 / 51
0 / 9
 -
36th 1996–2001 0
0 / 36
 -
0 / 39
0 / 3
 -
37th 2001–2005 0
0 / 77
 -
0 / 3
 - -
38th 2005–2009 1
0 / 46
 -
1 / 35
 - -
39th 2009–2013 2
1 / 50
 -
1 / 37
0 / 1
0 / 1
40th 2013–2017 3
1 / 50
 -
2 / 36
0 / 1
0 / 1
41st 2017–2020 4
1 / 42
 -
2 / 41
1 / 3
0 / 1
42nd 2020–2024 3
1 / 28
 -
1 / 57
1 / 2
0 / 1
43rd 2024-present 4 -
1 / 45
3 / 46
0 / 2
 -

Manitoba Legislative Assembly

[edit]
Parliament Years Ind. total Conservative Liberal NDP Other Independent
1st 1870–1874 5 - - - -
5 / 24
2nd 1874–1878 2 - - - -
2 / 24
3rd 1878–1879 4 - - - -
4 / 24
4th 1879–1883 3
2 / 6
0 / 2
 -
1 / 11
0 / 5
5th 1883–1886 1
1 / 20
0 / 10
 - - -
6th 1886–1888 0
0 / 20
0 / 15
 - - -
7th 1888–1892 1
1 / 4
0 / 33
 - -
0 / 1
8th 1892–1896 0
0 / 9
0 / 28
 -
0 / 2
0 / 1
9th 1896–1899 0
0 / 5
0 / 32
 -
0 / 2
0 / 1
10th 1899–1903 0
0 / 18
0 / 17
 -
0 / 5
 -
11th 1903–1907 0
0 / 32
0 / 8
 - - -
12th 1907–1910 0
0 / 28
0 / 13
 - - -
13th 1910–1914 0
0 / 28
0 / 13
 - - -
14th 1914–1920 0
0 / 28
0 / 20
 - -
0 / 1
15th 1915–1920 0
0 / 5
0 / 40
0 / 1
 -
0 / 1
16th 1920–1922 0 -
0 / 21
0 / 11
0 / 12
0 / 3
17th 1922–1927 0
0 / 7
0 / 8
0 / 5
0 / 28
0 / 7
18th 1927–1932 0
0 / 15
0 / 7
0 / 3
0 / 29
0 / 1
19th 1932–1936 0
0 / 10
0 / 38
0 / 5
 -
0 / 2
20th 1936–1941 0
0 / 16
0 / 23
0 / 7
0 / 6
0 / 3
21st 1941–1945 0
0 / 15
0 / 27
0 / 3
0 / 3
0 / 7
22nd 1945–1949 0
0 / 13
0 / 25
0 / 9
0 / 3
0 / 5
23rd 1949–1953 0
0 / 9
0 / 31
0 / 7
0 / 1
0 / 9
24th 1953–1958 1
0 / 12
1 / 35
0 / 5
0 / 3
0 / 2
25th 1958–1959 1
0 / 26
1 / 19
0 / 11
 -
0 / 1
26th 1959–1962 0
0 / 36
0 / 11
0 / 10
 - -
27th 1962–1966 0
0 / 36
0 / 13
0 / 7
0 / 1
 -
28th 1966–1969 0
0 / 31
0 / 14
0 / 11
0 / 1
 -
29th 1969–1973 0
0 / 28
0 / 5
0 / 22
0 / 1
 -
30th 1973–1977 1
0 / 21
0 / 5
1 / 31
 - -
31st 1977–1981 0
0 / 33
0 / 1
1 / 23
 - -
32nd 1981–1986 1
0 / 23
 -
1 / 34
 - -
33rd 1986–1988 2
1 / 26
0 / 1
1 / 30
 - -
34th 1988–1990 2
1 / 25
0 / 20
1 / 12
 - -
35th 1990–1995 4
1 / 30
0 / 7
3 / 20
 - -
36th 1995–1999 4
1 / 31
0 / 3
3 / 23
 - -
37th 1999–2003 4
1 / 24
0 / 1
3 / 32
 - -
38th 2003–2007 4
1 / 20
0 / 2
3 / 35
 - -
39th 2007–2011 3
0 / 19
0 / 2
3 / 36
 - -
40th 2011–2016 4
0 / 19
0 / 1
4 / 37
 - -
41st 2016–2019 9
3 / 40
1 / 3
5 / 14
 - -
42nd 2019–2023 7
2 / 36
0 / 3
5 / 18
 - -
43rd 2023-present 11
1 / 22
0 / 1
10 / 34
[174]

New Brunswick Legislative Assembly

[edit]
Parliament Years Ind. total Conservative Liberal NDP Green People's Alliance Independent
55th 2003–2006 1
0 / 28
1 / 26
0 / 1
 - - -
56th 2006–2010 1
0 / 26
1 / 29
 - - - -
57th 2010–2014 0
0 / 42
0 / 13
 - - - -
58th 2014–2018 0
0 / 21
0 / 27
 -
0 / 1
 - -
59th 2018–2020 0
0 / 21
0 / 27
 -
0 / 3
0 / 3
 -
60th 2020-Current 0
0 / 27
0 / 17
 -
0 / 3
0 / 2
 -

Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly

[edit]

Northwest Territories Legislative Assembly

[edit]

Nova Scotia Legislative Assembly

[edit]

No Indigenous representation.

Nunavut Legislative Assembly

[edit]

Ontario Legislative Assembly

[edit]
Parliament Years Ind. total Conservative Liberal NDP Other Independent
35th 1990–1995 1
0 / 22
0 / 39
1 / 74
 - -
36th 1995–1999 1
0 / 82
0 / 33
0 / 19
 -
1 / 1
37th 1999–2003 1
0 / 62
1 / 37
0 / 10
 - -
38th 2003–2007 1
0 / 28
1 / 74
0 / 11
 - -
39th 2007–2011 1
0 / 27
1 / 75
0 / 10
 - -
40th 2011–2014 1
0 / 39
1 / 56
0 / 21
 - -
41st 2014–2018 1
0 / 32
1 / 60
0 / 21
0 / 1
 -
42nd 2018–2022 3
0 / 76
0 / 7
3 / 40
0 / 1
 -
43rd 2022–current 2
0 / 83
0 / 8
2 / 31
0 / 1
0 / 1

Prince Edward Island

[edit]

No Indigenous representation.

Quebec National Assembly

[edit]

Saskatchewan Legislative Assembly

[edit]

Yukon Legislative Assembly

[edit]
Parliament Years Ind. total Yukon
(Conservative) 		Liberal NDP Independent
28th 1978–1982 1
1 / 11
0 / 2
0 / 1
0 / 2
29th 1982–1985 2
1 / 10
 -
1 / 6
 -
30th 1985–1989 3
0 / 6
0 / 2
3 / 8
 -
31st 1989–1992 2
0 / 7
 -
2 / 9
 -
32nd 1992–1996 3
2 / 7
0 / 1
1 / 6
0 / 3
33rd 1996–2000 3
0 / 3
0 / 3
3 / 11
 -
34th 2000–2002 4
0 / 1
1 / 10
3 / 6
 -
35th 2002–2006 2
0 / 12
0 / 1
2 / 5
 -
36th 2006–2011 2
0 / 10
2 / 5
0 / 3
 -
37th 2011–2016 2
1 / 11
0 / 2
1 / 6
 -
38th 2016–2021 3
1 / 6
2 / 11
0 / 2
 -
39th 2021–current 4
1 / 8
2 / 8
1 / 3
 -

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "First Nations Citizen Serves in Australian Parliament". Indian Country Today Media Network. 21 June 2011.
  2. ^ "First Nations Canadian lands prime post in Australian state parliament". National Post. Postmedia News. 17 June 2011. Retrieved 2021-09-05.
  3. ^ Secord, Walt (2011). "Inaugural speech to NSW Parliament" (PDF). Parliament of New South Wales.
  4. ^ a b "Pierre Delorme". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-08-15. Retrieved 2018-04-07.
  5. ^ "Angus McKay". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2020-07-30. Retrieved 2018-06-17.
  6. ^ "Louis Riel". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-08-15. Retrieved 2018-06-17.
  7. ^ "William Boucher". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-08-14. Retrieved 2018-06-17.
  8. ^ a b "Roger Teillet". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-08-14. Retrieved 2018-04-09.
  9. ^ "Eugène Rhéaume". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-08-14. Retrieved 2018-06-17.
  10. ^ a b "Leonard Marchand". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-08-14. Retrieved 2018-04-09.
  11. ^ "Wally Firth". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-06-18. Retrieved 2018-06-17.
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  13. ^ "Cyril Keeper". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-06-19. Retrieved 2018-06-17.
  14. ^ "Thomas Suluk". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-06-19. Retrieved 2018-06-17.
  15. ^ "Jack Anawak". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-08-14. Retrieved 2018-06-17.
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  20. ^ "Nancy Karetak-Lindell". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-08-14. Retrieved 2018-06-17.
  21. ^ "Rick Laliberte". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-08-14. Retrieved 2018-06-17.
  22. ^ "Bernard Cleary". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-08-14. Retrieved 2018-04-07.
  23. ^ "DavidSmith". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-08-14. Retrieved 2018-04-09.
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  25. ^ "Rod Bruinooge". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-08-14. Retrieved 2018-03-20.
  26. ^ "Tina Keeper". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-08-14. Retrieved 2018-04-07.
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  30. ^ "Shelly Glover". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-08-14. Retrieved 2018-03-20.
  31. ^ "Jonathan Genest-Jourdain". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-08-14. Retrieved 2018-03-20.
  32. ^ "Peter Penashue". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-08-14. Retrieved 2018-03-20.
  33. ^ "Romeo Saganash". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-05-16. Retrieved 2018-03-20.
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  35. ^ "Vance Badawey". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-05-16. Retrieved 2018-04-07.
  36. ^ "Georgina Jolibois". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-05-16. Retrieved 2018-04-07.
  37. ^ "Michael McLeod". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-08-14. Retrieved 2018-04-09.
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  39. ^ "Don Rusnak". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-05-16. Retrieved 2018-04-09.
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  46. ^ He gained access to a status card from his wife who was the daughter of the chief as written in his autobiography by his son-in-law James Dempsey
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