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JSE Limited

Coordinates: 26°06′10″S 28°03′27″E / 26.1029°S 28.0576°E / -26.1029; 28.0576
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For other uses, see JSE (disambiguation).

Johannesburg Stock Exchange Limited
TypeStock exchange
LocationSandton, Johannesburg, South Africa
Coordinates26°06′10″S 28°03′27″E / 26.1029°S 28.0576°E / -26.1029; 28.0576
Founded8 November 1887; 137 years ago (1887-11-08)
Key people
CurrencyRand
No. of listings442[1]
Market capUS$2.35 trillion (March 2022)[2]
IndicesFTSE/JSE All-Share Index
FTSE/JSE Top 40 Index
Websitejse.co.za

JSE Limited (previously the JSE Securities Exchange and the Johannesburg Stock Exchange)[3] is the largest stock exchange in Africa. It is located in Sandton, Johannesburg, South Africa, after it moved from downtown Johannesburg in 2000.[4][5] In 2003 the JSE had an estimated 473 listed companies and a market capitalisation of US$182.6 billion (€158 billion), as well as an average monthly traded value of US$6.399 billion (€5.5 billion).[6] As of March 2022, the market capitalisation of the JSE was at US$2.35 trillion.[2]

History

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The discovery of gold on the Witwatersrand in 1886 led to many mining and financial companies opening and a need soon arose for a stock exchange. The first share transactions on the Rand took place in a rustic canvas tent, with trade taking place on Sundays, as this was the only day when mining was not allowed, owing to a strictly enforced regulation prohibiting the entry of African workers to the gold reefs.[7][8]

Benjamin Minors Wollan

The Johannesburg Exchange & Chambers Company was established by a London businessman, Benjamin Minors Woollan and housed at the corner of Commissioner and Simmonds Streets. Out of this the JSE was born on 8 November 1887. What immediately gave the JSE a clear advantage over exchanges such as Kimberley, Barberton, and, most importantly, London, was that listing of companies for a quotation on the Official List of the JSE was an easy and relatively cheap procedure. This relatively simple and non-restricting nature of the early Exchange promoted a wave of initial registrations on the Official List, with 68 companies by the end of November 1887. The Official List further expanded to more than 300 companies by the end of January 1890.[9] By 1890 the trading hall became too small and had to be rebuilt but this too was outgrown. Trading then moved into the street. The Mining Commissioner closed off Simmonds Street between Market Square and Commissioner Street by means of chains.

In 1903, a new building was built for the JSE on Hollard Street. It was a storey building that took up an entire whole city block bounded by Fox and Main, Hollard and Sauer Streets.

After World War II, it became apparent that this building was again inadequate and in 1947 the decision was made to rebuild the stock exchange. It took 11 years before construction began and in February 1961 the second exchange at Hollard Street was officially opened. By 1963, the JSE became a member of the Federation International Bourses de Valeurs (FIBV).

In 1978, the JSE took up residence at 17 Diagonal Street near Kerk Street, Johannesburg. 1993 saw the JSE become an active member of the African Stock Exchanges Association. After 108 years, the open outcry system of trading was changed to an electronic system on 7 June 1996.

In September 2000, the Johannesburg Securities Exchange moved to its present location in Sandton, Gauteng at the corner of Maude Street and Gwen Lane. It adopted the JSE Securities Exchange as its new official name.[citation needed]

In 2001 an agreement was struck with the London Stock Exchange enabling cross-dealing between the two bourses[10] and replacing the JSE's trading system with that of the LSE.[11]

In 2009 the JSE acquired the Bond Exchange of South Africa for R240 million and rebranded it the JSE debt market adding South African government and corporate bonds as well as interest rate derivatives to its product set.[12][13]

On 18 June 2012, the JSE became a founding member of the United Nations Sustainable Stock Exchanges initiative on the eve of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20).[14]

JSE logo prior to the April 2014 re-branding

On 14 April 2014, the JSE re-branded to demonstrates the bourse's identity as a modern African marketplace that connects investors to growth opportunities not only in South Africa but globally.[15]

In May 2022, the JSE became the first exchange to come to market with a new service from provider xyt that would utilize peer group rankings to help trading firms explore market share and examine and view trading interactions and performance. It would be called JSE Trade Explorer.[16]

About the JSE

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The JSE provides a market where securities can be traded freely under a regulated procedure. It not only channels funds into the economy, but also provides investors with returns on investments in the form of dividends.[17][18]

The Johannesburg Exchange in 1893

The exchange successfully fulfils its main function—the raising of primary capital—by rechannelling cash resources into productive economic activity, thus building the economy while enhancing job opportunities and wealth creation.

The exchange is directed by an honorary committee of 16 people, all with full voting rights. The elected stockbroking members, who cannot number less than eight or more than eleven, may appoint an executive president and five outside members to the committee. Policy decisions are made by the committee and carried out by a full-time executive committee headed by the executive president.

The JSE is governed by its members but through their use of JSE services and facilities, these members are also customers of the Exchange. Each year the JSE must apply to the Minister of Finance for an operating license which vests external control of the exchange in the FSB.[19]

JSE TradElect

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The JSE's fully automated (electronic trading) trading system is called the Millennium Exchange, which replaced the JSE TradElect system in 2012, which in turn had replaced the JSE SETS system in April 2007, which had replaced the JSE JET system in May 2002.

The change to the Millennium Exchange involved moving the platform from London to a new platform housed in the JSE building in Johannesburg, thus speeding up the execution of transactions. The JSE operates an order-driven, central order book trading system with opening, intra-day and closing auctions.

Sens

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In August 1997, the JSE launched the real-time Stock Exchange News Service (Sens) to enhance market transparency and investor confidence. Initially, it was optional for listed companies to use the service during its two-month trial period.

From 15 October, augmented JSE listing requirements oblige companies to disseminate any corporate news or price-sensitive information on the service prior to using any other media outlet. Sens is carried by all the major wire services.

Strate

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Since its inception over ten years ago, Strate (Pty) Ltd has become the licensed South Africa's Central Securities Depository (CSD) for the electronic settlement of financial instruments in South Africa. Strate's stated core purpose is to mitigate risk, bring efficiencies to South African financial markets and improve its profile as an investment destination.

Strate handles the settlement of a number of securities, including equities and bonds for the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE), as well as a range of derivative products such as warrants, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), retail notes and tracker funds. It has now added the settlement of money market securities to its portfolio of services. It provides services to issuers for their investors in terms of the Companies Act and Securities Services Act (SSA), 2004.

Hours

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JSE's normal trading sessions are from 9:00am to 5:00pm on all weekdays except Saturdays, Sundays and holidays declared by the exchange in advance.[20]

Listed companies

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Main article: List of companies traded on the JSE

Alternative Exchange

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Main article: AltX

The Alternative Exchange is a stock exchange that was founded as a division of the JSE in order to accommodate small- and medium-sized high growth companies. Its website is accessible from the front page of the JSE's main website. The Alternative Exchange is known as AltX.

Ownership

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The bourse is operated by JSE Limited, a company that listed on its own main board in June 2006.[21][22]

Fees and taxes

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  • Securities Transfer Tax (STT) 0.25%. Applies to share purchases only, not share sales.
  • Strate 0.005787% (excluding VAT) based on the value of the share transactions:
    • Minimum R10.19 for trades with a value up to R176,000.
    • Maximum R73.49 for trades with a value over R1,270,000.
  • FSCA Investor Protection Levy 0.0002% (excluding VAT) on all trades.

See also

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Further reading

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  • Lukasiewicz, Mariusz. "From Diamonds to Gold: The Making of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange, 1880–1890." Journal of Southern African Studies 43.4 (2017). pp. 715–732
  • Klein, Harry. The story of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange: 1887-1947. Johannesburg: The Committee of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange. 1948
  • Rosenthal, Eric. On 'Change Through the Years: A History of Share Dealing in South Africa. Cape Town: Flesch Financial Publications. 1968

References

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  1. ^ "Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) Live". afx.kwayisi.org. 17 February 2021.
  2. ^ a b "Johannesburg Stock Exchange". TradingHours. 30 March 2022. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
  3. ^ "NASDAQ - JSE". Nasdaq. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
  4. ^ "History & Company Overview | Johannesburg Stock Exchange". www.jse.co.za. Archived from the original on 4 March 2022. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
  5. ^ "A Complete Introduction to the JSE ( Johannesburg Stock Exchange)". SA Shares. 21 September 2021. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
  6. ^ "Corporate identity". JSE Limited. Archived from the original on 6 February 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2009.
  7. ^ "Johannesburg Stock Exchange | Sustainable Stock Exchanges". Retrieved 30 September 2021.
  8. ^ "What is JSE Limited". capital.com. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
  9. ^ Lukasiewicz, Mariusz (22 May 2017). "From Diamonds to Gold: The Making of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange, 1880–1890". Journal of Southern African Studies. 43 (4). Informa UK Limited: 715–732. doi:10.1080/03057070.2017.1307675. ISSN 0305-7070. S2CID 157405691.
  10. ^ English, Simon (3 April 2001). "LSE in deal with S Africa exchange". The Telegraph. London. Retrieved 11 September 2008.[dead link‍]
  11. ^ "JSE, LSE sign development deal". The Namibian. Archived from the original on 27 May 2014. Retrieved 19 December 2019.
  12. ^ "JSE Debt Market". JSE Limited. Retrieved 22 July 2014.
  13. ^ "Moves to make bond trading fairer to you". iol.co.za. 30 October 2011. Retrieved 20 August 2013.
  14. ^ "Sustainable Stock Exchanges Initiative: Exchanges listing over 4,600 companies commit to promoting sustainability". Sustainable Stock Exchanges initiative. Reuters. Archived from the original on 13 May 2014. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
  15. ^ "The JSE transforms its Brand Identity". JST Limited. 14 April 2014. Retrieved 27 October 2014.
  16. ^ "Johannesburg Stock Exchange is first to market with equity data analytics platform - The TRADE". www.thetradenews.com. Retrieved 10 May 2022.
  17. ^ "Functions of the JSE: Johannesburg Stock/Securities Exchange". 18 July 2020. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
  18. ^ "Johannesburg Stock Exchange in Sandown, Johannesburg". www.sa-venues.com. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
  19. ^ "Functions of the JSE: Johannesburg Stock/Securities Exchange". 18 July 2020. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
  20. ^ "List of Stock Exchanges". Wikinvest. Archived from the original on 11 December 2019. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
  21. ^ "JSE lists on itself". The Citizen. Archived from the original on 7 February 2009. Retrieved 30 July 2008.
  22. ^ "'The JSE is 23% black-owned and 22% white-owned'". Moneyweb. 21 June 2017. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
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