José Gregorio Salazar

José Gregorio Salazar
José Gregorio Salazar
President of Central America
	In office; 16 September 1834 – 14 February 1835; Interim President
Preceded by	Francisco Morazán
Succeeded by	Francisco Morazán
Head of State of El Salvador
	In office; 13 July 1834 – 30 September 1834; Provisional Head of State
Preceded by	Carlos Salazar Castro
Succeeded by	Joaquín Escolán y Balibrera
Personal details
Born	José Gregorio Salazar y Castro; 1773; San Salvador, Captaincy General of Guatemala
Died	1 February 1838 (aged 64–65); Guatemala City, Federal Republic of Central America
Nationality	Salvadoran
Political party	Liberal
Occupation	Politician

José Gregorio Salazar y Castro (1773 – 1 February 1838)^[1] was a general and a Liberal politician in Central America. He was acting president of the Federal Republic of Central America from September 16, 1834 to February 14, 1835, in between two administrations of Francisco Morazán. In 1838 he was assassinated by a mob supporting rebel General Rafael Carrera.

Salazar's parents were Gregorio Salazar and Francisca Lara Mogrovejo. He married Francisca Castro y Lara. Their son, General Carlos Salazar, served briefly as provisional president of the state of El Salvador, from June 23 to July 13, 1834.

Political offices

He held various offices in Central America, including councilman in the city government of Guatemala City and mayor in 1825; political chief of the departments of Guatemala (1825) and Quetzaltenango (1830); commander of the Escuadrón Sedentario of Guatemala City (1831); and vice-chief of the State of Guatemala (1834 and 1838).

He was vice president of the Central American Federation in 1834 when President Morazán temporarily relinquished his duties to take the field to fight rebels. He served as acting president from September 16, 1834 to February 14, 1835, when Morazán resumed the office.

Political crisis in El Salvador

On June 23, 1834 his son, Carlos Salazar, a partisan of General Morazán, overthrew the conservative president of the state of El Salvador, Joaquín de San Martín, and took power as provisional chief of the state. The federal government, in the hands of the Liberals, took over direct control of El Salvador on July 13, 1834. José Gregorio Salazar (the father) ruled the state as provisional chief from that date to September 30, 1834.

On September 21, 1834 the Assembly of the state of El Salvador met in San Vicente, charged with electing a new state president. They chose Licenciado José María Silva, a Liberal, but this vote was declared void. On September 30 they voted to give the office to Councilor Joaquín Escolán. Escolán served from that date to October 14, when Silva took office, until April 10, 1835.

Death

On February 1, 1838, rebel Rafael Carrera took Guatemala City, capital of the federation. His troops, mountain dwellers from Mataquescuintla, ran wild in the city, committing many kinds of depredations. Salazar was vice president of the republic at the time. He and his family took refuge in the house of a friend, Doctor Quirino Flores. Salazar was killed, with a child in his arms, trying to defend his family.

References

^ "Presidentes de El Salvador – Don Gregorio Salazar" [Presidents of El Salvador – Don Gregorio Salazar]. casapres.gob (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 1 March 2009. Retrieved 22 June 2021.

Political offices
Preceded by Francisco Morazán	President of Central America 1834-1835	Succeeded by Francisco Morazán
Preceded by Carlos Salazar	Head of State of El Salvador (provisional) 1834	Succeeded by Joaquín Escolán

[gsalzar-1] "Presidentes de El Salvador – Don Gregorio Salazar" [Presidents of El Salvador – Don Gregorio Salazar]. casapres.gob (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 1 March 2009. Retrieved 22 June 2021.

[1]

v t e Heads of state of El Salvador
Post-independence (1821–1823)	Barriere Delgado Filísola Codallos Consultive Junta^‡ Prado^†
Federal Republic of Central America (1823–1841)	J. Rodríguez Prado J. V. Villacorta Prado Cornejo J. D. Villacorta Cornejo Morazán^† J. San Martín Prado J. San Martín C. Salazar^† G. Salazar^† Escolán^† Silva Espinoza F. Gómez Vigil T. Menéndez Vigil T. Menéndez Cañas^† Morazán Silva^† Cañas^† Ramírez^† Lindo^†
Republic of El Salvador (1841–1931)	Lindo^† Arce^† Marín^† J. J. Guzmán D. Villacorta^† Marín^† J. J. Guzmán Arce^† Palacios^† Malespín Palacios^† J. E. Guzmán Palacios^† Aguilar Palacios^† Aguilar Medina^† Quirós^† Vasconcelos R. Rodríguez^† Vasconcelos Dueñas^† Quirós^† Dueñas J. M. San Martín^† Dueñas V. Gómez^† J. M. San Martín J. Hernández^† J. M. San Martín Dueñas^† Campo Dueñas^† Campo Zepeda^† Santín Barrios^† Santín J. E. Guzmán^† Peralta^† Barrios Dueñas González Méndez^† González del Valle Zaldívar Guirola^† Zaldívar Figueroa^† Rosales^† F. Menéndez C. Ezeta A. Ezeta^† Gutiérrez Regalado Escalón Figueroa M. Araujo C. Meléndez^† Quiñónez^† C. Meléndez Quiñónez^† J. Meléndez Quiñónez P. Romero A. Araujo
Military presidents (1931–1979)	Civic Directory^‡ Hernández Martínez^† A. Menéndez^† Hernández Martínez A. Menéndez^† Aguirre^† Castaneda Revolutionary Council of Government^‡ Osorio Lemus Junta of Government^‡ Civic-Military Directory^‡ Cordón^† Rivera F. Sánchez A. Molina C. Romero
Salvadoran Civil War (1979–1992)	Revolutionary Government Junta^‡ Magaña Duarte Cristiani
Post-Civil War (since 1992)	Cristiani Calderón Flores Saca Funes S. Sánchez Bukele C. Rodríguez^†
^† – Acting or provisional president ^‡ – Military junta