Tris(acetylacetonato)iron(III)

Tris(acetylacetonato)iron(III)
Names
	IUPAC name Tris(2,4-dioxopentan-3-ido-κ2O,O′)iron
	Other names Iron(III) acetylacetonate, Iron(III) tris(2,4-pentanedionato), Fe(acac)3
Identifiers
CAS Number	14024-18-1 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	4588230;
ECHA InfoCard	100.034.398
EC Number	237-853-5;
PubChem CID	139087805;
UNII	118BHF260P ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID3051707 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/3C5H8O2.Fe/c31-4(6)3-5(2)7;/h33,6H,1-2H3;/q;;;+3/p-3/b3*4-3-; Key: AQBLLJNPHDIAPN-LNTINUHCSA-K;
	SMILES CC(=C[C-](C)O1)O[Fe+3]123(OC(=C[C-](C)O2)C)OC(=C[C-](C)O3)C;
Properties
Chemical formula	Fe(C5H7O2)3
Molar mass	353.17 g/mol
Appearance	Red Solid
Density	1.348 g/cm3
Melting point	180 to 181 °C (356 to 358 °F; 453 to 454 K)
Boiling point	decomposes
Solubility in water	2 g/L
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H302+H312+H332, H318
Precautionary statements	P261, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352+P312, P304+P340+P312, P305+P351+P338
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Tris(acetylacetonato) iron(III), often abbreviated Fe(acac)₃, is a ferric coordination complex featuring acetylacetonate (acac) ligands, making it one of a family of metal acetylacetonates. It is a red air-stable solid that dissolves in nonpolar organic solvents.

Preparation

Fe(acac)₃ is prepared by treating freshly precipitated Fe(OH)₃ with acetylacetone.^[2]

Fe(OH)₃ + 3 HC₅H₇O₂ → Fe(C₅H₇O₂)₃ + 3 H₂O

Structure and properties

Fe(acac)₃ is an octahedral complex with six equivalent Fe-O bonds with bond distances of about 2.00 Å. The regular geometry is consistent with a high-spin Fe³⁺ core with sp3d2 hybridization. As the metal orbitals are all evenly occupied the complex is not subject to Jahn-Teller distortions and thus adopts a D₃ molecular symmetry. In contrast, the related metal acetylacetonate Mn(acac)₃ adopts a more distorted octahedral structure.^[3] The 5 unpaired d-electrons also result in the complex being paramagnetic, with a magnetic moment of 5.90 μ_B.

Fe(acac)₃ possesses helical chirality. The Δ- and Λ-enantiomers slowly inter-convert via Bailar and Ray–Dutt twists. The rate of interconversion is sufficiently slow to allow its enantiomers to be partially resolved.^[4]

Reactions

Fe(acac)₃ has been examined as a precatalyst and reagent in organic chemistry, although the active iron-containing species is usually unidentified in these processes. In one instance, Fe(acac)₃ was shown to promote cross-coupling a diene to an olefin.^[5] Fe(acac)₃ catalyzes the dimerization of isoprene to a mixture of 1,5-dimethyl-1,5-cyclooctadiene and 2,5-dimethyl-1,5-cyclooctadiene.^[6]

Fe(acac)₃ also catalyzes the ring-opening polymerization of 1,3-benzoxazine.^[7] Beyond the area of polymerization, Fe(acac)₃ has been found to catalyze the reaction of N-sulfonyl oxaziridines with olefins to form 1,3-oxazolidine products.^[8]

References

^ GHS: Sigma-Aldrich 517003
^ US patent 2004127690, Chaudhari, Mihir Kanti et al., "Process for making metal acetylacetonates", issued 2004-07-01
^ Lawson, K.E. (1961). "The infrared absorption spectra of metal acetylacetonates". Spectrochimica Acta. 17 (3): 248–258. Bibcode:1961AcSpe..17..248L. doi:10.1016/0371-1951(61)80071-4.
^ Anders Lennartson "Optical resolution and racemisation of [Fe(acac)₃]" Inorganica Chimica Acta 2011, vol. 365, pp. 451–453. doi:10.1016/j.ica.2010.07.066
^ Takacs, J. A., L.; Madhavan, G.V.; Creswell, M.; Seely, F.; Devroy, W. (1986). "Iron-Catalyzed Aminohydroxylation of Olefins". Organometallics. 5 (11): 2395–2398. doi:10.1021/om00142a044.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Misono, A. (1966). "Oligomerization of isoprene by cobalt or iron complex catalysts". Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan. 39 (11): 2425–2429. doi:10.1246/bcsj.39.2425.
^ Sudo, A.; Hirayama, Shoji; Endo, Takeshi (2010). "Highly efficient catalysts-acetylacetonato complexes of transition metals in the 4th period for ring-opening polymerization of 1,3-benzoxazine". Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry. 48 (2): 479. Bibcode:2010JPoSA..48..479S. doi:10.1002/pola.23810.
^ Williamson, K. T.; Yoon, T. (2010). "Iron-Catalyzed Aminohydroxylation of Olefins". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132 (13): 4570–4571. doi:10.1021/ja1013536. PMC 2857537. PMID 20232850.

[1] GHS: Sigma-Aldrich 517003

[2] US patent 2004127690, Chaudhari, Mihir Kanti et al., "Process for making metal acetylacetonates", issued 2004-07-01

[3] Lawson, K.E. (1961). "The infrared absorption spectra of metal acetylacetonates". Spectrochimica Acta. 17 (3): 248–258. Bibcode:1961AcSpe..17..248L. doi:10.1016/0371-1951(61)80071-4.

[4] Anders Lennartson "Optical resolution and racemisation of [Fe(acac)₃]" Inorganica Chimica Acta 2011, vol. 365, pp. 451–453. doi:10.1016/j.ica.2010.07.066

[5] Takacs, J. A., L.; Madhavan, G.V.; Creswell, M.; Seely, F.; Devroy, W. (1986). "Iron-Catalyzed Aminohydroxylation of Olefins". Organometallics. 5 (11): 2395–2398. doi:10.1021/om00142a044.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[6] Misono, A. (1966). "Oligomerization of isoprene by cobalt or iron complex catalysts". Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan. 39 (11): 2425–2429. doi:10.1246/bcsj.39.2425.

[7] Sudo, A.; Hirayama, Shoji; Endo, Takeshi (2010). "Highly efficient catalysts-acetylacetonato complexes of transition metals in the 4th period for ring-opening polymerization of 1,3-benzoxazine". Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry. 48 (2): 479. Bibcode:2010JPoSA..48..479S. doi:10.1002/pola.23810.

[8] Williamson, K. T.; Yoon, T. (2010). "Iron-Catalyzed Aminohydroxylation of Olefins". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132 (13): 4570–4571. doi:10.1021/ja1013536. PMC 2857537. PMID 20232850.

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