2019 European Parliament election
(Redirected from European elections, 2019)
 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
All 751 seats to the European Parliament 376 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turnout | 198,352,638 (50.66%[1]  8.01 pp) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Post-election composition of each member state's delegation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
_EPP_Summit,_19_October_2017_(37534170170)_(cropped).jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
The 2019 European Parliament election was held in the European Union (EU) between 23 and 26 May 2019. It was the ninth parliamentary election since the first direct elections in 1979. A total of 751 Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) were elected to represent more than 512 million people from 28 member states. In February 2018, the European Parliament had voted to decrease the number of MEPs from 751 to 705 if the United Kingdom were to withdraw from the European Union on 29 March 2019.[2] However, the United Kingdom participated alongside other EU member states after an extension of Article 50 to 31 October 2019; therefore, the allocation of seats between the member states and the total number of seats remained as it had been in 2014.[3]
On 26 May 2019, the centre-left and centre-right parties suffered significant losses, while pro-EU centrist, liberal and environmentalist parties and anti-EU right-wing populist parties made substantial gains.[4][5] The European People's Party led by Manfred Weber won the most seats in the European Parliament, making Weber the leading candidate to become the next President of the European Commission.[6][7] Despite this, the European Council decided after the election to nominate Ursula von der Leyen as new Commission President.
New law
[edit]On 7 June 2018, the Council agreed at ambassador level to change the EU electoral law and to reform old laws from the 1976 Electoral Act. The purpose of the reform is to increase participation in elections, raise understanding of their European character and prevent irregular voting while at the same time respecting the constitutional and electoral traditions of the member states.[8] The reform forbids double voting and voting in third countries, thus improving the visibility of European political parties.[8] To avoid double voting, contact authorities are established to exchange data on voters, a process that has to start at least six weeks before the elections.[8]
The European Parliament gave its consent on 4 July 2018 and the Act was adopted by the Council on 13 July 2018. However, not all member states ratified the Act prior to the 2019 elections and therefore this election took place in line with the previous rules.[9][10]
Political groups and lead candidates
[edit]Spitzenkandidat system
[edit]The Spitzenkandidat process involves the nomination by European political parties of candidates for the role of Commission President, the party winning the most seats in the European Parliament receiving the first opportunity to attempt to form a majority to back their candidate (akin to how heads of government are elected in national parliamentary democracies). This process was first used in 2014 and was opposed by some in the European Council. The future of the process is uncertain, but the European Parliament has attempted to codify the process and the parties are almost certain to select the candidates again.[11] On 23 January 2018, the Constitutional Affairs Committee adopted a text stating that the Spitzenkandidat process could not be overturned, and that Parliament "will be ready to reject any candidate in the investiture procedure of the Commission President who was not appointed as a Spitzenkandidat in the run-up to the European elections".[12] In May 2018 a Eurobarometer poll suggested that 49% of the 27,601 individuals from all 28 EU countries surveyed think that the Spitzenkandidat process will help them vote in the next European elections while 70% also think that the process requires a real debate on European issues.[13]
Overview
[edit]European People's Party
[edit]Incumbent Jean-Claude Juncker stated he would not seek a second term as President of the European Commission.[14]
Two candidates sought the nomination of the EPP:
- Alexander Stubb, the Vice-President of the European Investment Bank, former Prime Minister, Foreign Minister and Finance Minister of Finland.[15]
- Manfred Weber, current group leader for the European People's Party in the European Parliament and member of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria has been backed by Angela Merkel as Spitzenkandidat for the party[16]
At their 2018 Congress in Helsinki, the EPP elected Manfred Weber as their Spitzenkandidat for President of the European Commission.[17]
Party of European Socialists
[edit]Previous candidate Martin Schulz left the European Parliament in 2017 to head the Social Democratic Party of Germany, but he stepped down from the latter position in 2018.
Two candidates were nominated by PES member parties and organisations:
- Maroš Šefčovič (Vice-President of the Commission) announced in September his bid to head the Commission.[18]
- Frans Timmermans (first Vice-President of the Commission, previous Dutch Foreign Affairs Minister) announced in October his bid to head Commission.[19]
Šefčovič announced his withdrawal in November and supported Frans Timmermans as the Common Candidate.[20]
The party convened an extraordinary Congress in Lisbon to ratify the election of the candidate and to vote upon the manifesto.
European Conservatives and Reformists
[edit]Jan Zahradil, an MEP for the Czech Civic Democratic Party, is the Spitzenkandidat of the European Conservatives and Reformists.
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party
[edit]Rather than present a single candidate, the ALDE group presented a Team Europe of seven people as the alliance's leading candidates:[21]
- Guy Verhofstadt (President of the ALDE group, MEP and former Prime Minister of Belgium)
- Nicola Beer (General Secretary and lead candidate of the Free Democratic Party in Germany)
- Margrethe Vestager (Commissioner for Competition, previous Danish Minister for Economy and Interior).[22][23][24]
- Luis Garicano (chief economist for Ciudadanos in Spain)
- Emma Bonino (Former European Commissioner for Health and Consumer Protection, former Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs)
- Violeta Bulc (Commissioner for Transport, former Deputy Prime Minister of Slovenia)
- Katalin Cseh (founder of Hungary's Momentum Movement)
European Green Party
[edit]As in 2014, the Greens adopted the principle of having two leading candidates for the European Elections 2019.[25] Unlike in 2014, where the candidates were chosen through an open online primary elections, the two leading candidates were elected by the Council of the Party in Berlin in November 2018.[26] Four people, two of them being currently MEPs, have declared their candidacy:[26]
- Petra De Sutter (Senator and member of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe and candidate of Groen in the 2019 elections)
- Ska Keller (MEP and candidate of Alliance 90/The Greens in the 2019 elections).
- Bas Eickhout (MEP and candidate of GroenLinks in the 2019 elections)
- Atanas Schmidt (nominated by Zelena Partija, Bulgaria)
At their 2018 Congress in Berlin, the party elected Ska Keller and Bas Eickhout as their Spitzenkandidaten for the President of the European Commission.
European Free Alliance
[edit]Oriol Junqueras, a Catalan historian, academic and former Vice President of Catalonia who, at the time of the election, was imprisoned because of his involvement in the 2017 Catalan independence referendum, was the Spitzenkandidat of the European Free Alliance.[27][28]
Party of the European Left
[edit]The designated candidates are Violeta Tomič from Slovenia and Belgian trade-unionist Nico Cué.[29]
Populist and Eurosceptic groups
[edit]The Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy was widely expected to disband after the election. One reason was that its biggest share of MEPs came from the United Kingdom, which was long expected to leave the EU before the election. The second was that the second-biggest partner, Italy's Five Star Movement (M5S), felt uneasy about this alliance anyway, having unsuccessfully tried to join the Greens/EFA or ALDE group instead. In February 2019, M5S alongside partners from Croatia, Finland, Greece and Poland presented a new alliance of anti-establishment parties that claim to be neither left nor right.[30]
In the 5-month period preceding the 2019 European Parliament elections, the blog byoblu.com, which collaborated with the Five Star Movement (M5S), published deceptive information on Twitter, spreading disinformation during the 2019 European elections.[31] The blog byoblu.com is owned by Claudio Messora, who was the head of communications for the 5 Star Movement and a close associate and friend of Beppe Grillo.[32]
The Movement is an alliance of populist parties set up by Steve Bannon in 2018 with the purpose of contesting the European elections. Participating parties included, at least temporarily, Lega Nord, People's Party of Belgium and Brothers of Italy and possibly French National Rally. Originally envisioned as an attempt to unite the populist parties in Europe, The Movement has so far been snubbed by the Alternative for Germany,[33] the Freedom Party of Austria[34] and the UK Independence Party.[35] In March 2019, reporters assessed Bannon's project as a failure.[36][37] Shortly ahead of the election, Marine Le Pen of the French National Rally distanced herself from Bannon, clarifying that he played no role in her party's campaign.[38]
In April 2019, Matteo Salvini of Italy's Lega launched the European Alliance of Peoples and Nations as a new coalition of populist, hard Eurosceptic and anti-immigration parties. It has been joined by most of the members of the outgoing Europe of Nations and Freedom group (including Lega, the French National Rally, Freedom Party of Austria and the Dutch Party for Freedom) as well as some former EFDD (Alternative for Germany) and ECR parties (Danish People's Party and Finns Party). It has been predicted to become the fourth largest group in parliament with an estimate of more than 80 MEPs.[39]
New parties
[edit]2019 saw the debut of new parties such as Wiosna of Poland, Czech Pirate Party of Czech Republic, USR-PLUS of Romania, Human Shield and Most of Croatia, ĽSNS and Progressive Slovakia of Slovakia. Some of the new parties have already joined European parties, e.g. LMŠ of Slovenia is a member of ALDE.
The new Brexit Party won 29 seats in the United Kingdom.[40] As such, it won the most seats by any national political party in the parliament; the German CDU/CSU also won 29 seats but as an alliance.
The biggest new party after UK exit is La République En Marche! (LREM) of French President Emmanuel Macron that was formed in 2016 and won the French presidential and parliamentary elections of the following year. Initially, it balked at joining any of the existing party families, instead trying to form a new parliamentary group of pro-European centrists who support Macron's plans to reform the European institutions, drawing away members from ALDE, EPP and S&D.[41][42] Possible partners for such a project were expected to include Spanish Ciudadanos, Progressive Slovakia and the Hungarian Momentum Movement.[41] However, the hypothetical group was considered to have difficulties to find MEPs from at least seven member states as is required to form a new group.[41] In November 2018, LREM decided to cooperate with the liberal ALDE Group instead. Nevertheless, Macron stressed that this was merely a loose alliance and his party is not a member of ALDE Party. He bluntly criticised ALDE for accepting donations from the Bayer-Monsanto chemical group while LREM's campaign chief threatened to recall the alliance.[43] In April and May 2019, LREM continued its efforts to build a broader group, including ALDE, but also centrist and centre-left parties outside of ALDE.[44][45]
The European Spring initiated from the Democracy in Europe Movement 2025 ran as a pan-European party alliance with one unified vision for Europe, the European Green New Deal.[46] The most prominent figure is the former Greek minister Yanis Varoufakis, who ran as a candidate in the constituency of Germany, but failed to secure a seat.[47] Despite garnering approximately one and a half million votes, no representatives who ran DiEM25 were elected, due to the votes being dispersed throughout different EU countries.[48]
As a new pan-European party, Volt Europa was founded in different European countries two years before the elections and successfully campaigned in eight EU countries for the elections with one transnational programme.[49] Despite missing its own goal to create a parliamentary group on its own, approximately half a million votes in total were sufficient to send one of the founders, Damian Boeselager, into the European Parliament via a German Volt list.[50] Since June 2019, Volt is part of the group of the Greens/EFA.[51]
Televised debates
[edit].jpg)
| Date | Time (CEST) | Institute | Participants | Location | Language | Main presenter(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17 April 2019 | 21:00 | France 24 and RFI[52] | Timmermans and Weber | Strasbourg | French | Caroline de Camaret (France 24) and Dominique Baillard (RFI) |
| 17 April 2019 | 22:00 | France 24[53][54] | Timmermans and Weber | Strasbourg | English | Catherine Nicholson (France 24) |
| 29 April 2019 | 19:00 | Politico Europe[55] | Eickhout, Timmermans, Tomić, Verhofstadt and Zahradil | Maastricht | English | Ryan Heath (Politico Europe) and Rianne Letschert (Maastricht University) |
| 2 May 2019 | 18:00 | Financial Times[56] | Keller, Timmermans, Verhofstadt and Weber | Florence | English | Martin Sandbu (Financial Times) |
| 7 May 2019 | 20:15 | ARD[57] | Timmermans and Weber | Cologne | German | Ellen Ehni and Andreas Cichowicz (both ARD) |
| 15 May 2019 | 21:00 | EBU[58] | Cué, Keller, Timmermans, Vestager, Weber, and Zahradil | Brussels | English | Émilie Tran Nguyen (France Television), Markus Preiss (ARD Germany), and Annastiina Heikkilä (YLE Finland) |
| 16 May 2019 | 20:15 | ZDF and ORF[59] | Timmermans and Weber | Berlin | German | Peter Frey (ZDF) and Ingrid Thurnher (ORF) |
| 21 May 2019 | 22:00 | NOS and NTR[60] | Timmermans and Weber | Hilversum | German and Dutch | Jeroen Wollaars (NOS) |
Results
[edit]Groups
[edit]
EPP S&D RE G/EFA ID ECR GUE/NGL NI
| Group (2019–24) | Votes | Seats | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Seats | ∆ | % | |||
| EPP | European People's Party group | 41,211,023[a] | 20.80 | 182 / 751
|
 −34
|
24.23 | |
| S&D | Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats | 35,421,084 | 17.88 | 154 / 751
|
−31
|
20.51 | |
| RE | Renew Europe[b] | 23,788,652[c] | 12.01 | 108 / 751
|
+39
|
14.38 | |
| G/EFA | Greens–European Free Alliance | 19,886,513[d] | 10.04 | 74 / 751
|
+22
|
9.85 | |
| ID | Identity and Democracy[e] | 20,980,853 | 10.59 | 73 / 751
|
+37
|
9.72 | |
| ECR | European Conservatives and Reformists | 14,207,477 | 7.17 | 62 / 751
|
−15
|
8.26 | |
| GUE/NGL | European United Left–Nordic Green Left | 10,219,537[f] | 5.16 | 41 / 751
|
−11
|
5.46 | |
| NI | Non-Inscrits | 12,923,417 | 6.52 | 57 / 751
|
+37
|
7.59 | |
| All others | 19,453,922 | 9.82 | 0 / 751
|
N/A | 0.00 | ||
| Total | 198,352,638 | 100.00 | 751 | 
|
100.00 | ||
| Vote totals given account only for lists which won seats and joined the corresponding group or sat as non-inscrits. | |||||||
| Party | Votes (%) | Seats (%) | Difference | Difference squared | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EPP | 20.80% | 24.23% | 3.43 | 11.7649 | |
| S&D | 17.88% | 20.51% | 2.63 | 6.9169 | |
| RE | 12.01% | 14.38% | 2.37 | 5.6169 | |
| G/EFA | 10.04% | 9.85% | -0.19 | 0.0361 | |
| ID | 10.59% | 9.72% | -0.87 | 0.7569 | |
| ECR | 7.17% | 8.26% | 1.09 | 1.1881 | |
| GUE/NGL | 5.16% | 5.46% | 0.3 | 0.09 | |
| NI | 6.52% | 7.59% | 1.07 | 1.1449 | |
| Wasted vote | 9.82% | 0.00% | -9.82 | 96.4324 | |
| Total of differences squared | 123.9471 | ||||
| Total / 2 | 61.9736 | ||||
| Square root of (Total / 2): Gallagher Index result | 7.87 | ||||
| The Gallagher Index ranges from 0 to 100. Low indexes (close to 0) are very proportionate, high indexes (20 or greater) are very disproportionate. | |||||
By country
[edit]| State | Political groups | MEPs | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EPP (EPP, ECPM) |
S&D (PES, EDP) |
RE (ALDE, EDP) |
G/EFA (EGP, EFA) |
ID (IDP) |
ECR (ECRP, ECPM, EFA) |
GUE/NGL (PEL) |
NI | ||||||||||
 Austria |
7 (ÖVP) | +2 | 5 (SPÖ) | = | 1 (NEOS) | = | 2 (Grüne) | −1 | 3 (FPÖ) | −1 | 18 | ||||||
 Belgium |
2 (CD&V) 1 (CDH) 1 (CSP) |
= = = |
2 (PS) 1 (SP.A) |
−1 = |
2 (Open VLD) 2 (MR) |
−1 −1 |
2 (ECOLO) 1 (Groen) |
+1 = |
3 (VB) | +2 | 3 (N-VA) | −1 | 1 (PTB) | +1 | 21 | ||
 Bulgaria |
5+1 (GERB+SDS) 1 (DSB) |
= = |
5 (BSP) | +1 | 3 (DPS) | −1 | 2 (VMRO) | +1 | 17 | ||||||||
 Croatia |
4 (HDZ) | −1 | 3 (SDP) | +1 | 1 (AMS: IDS) | −1 | 1 (HKS) | = | 1 (Human Shield) 1 (Kolakušić) |
+1 +1 |
11 | ||||||
 Cyprus |
2 (DISY) | = | 1 (EDEK) 1 (DIKO) |
= = |
2 (AKEL) | = | 6 | ||||||||||
 Czech Republic |
2+1 (TOP 09+STAN) 2 (KDU–ČSL) |
−1 −1 |
6 (ANO) | +2 | 3 (Piráti) | +3 | 2 (SPD) | +2 | 4 (ODS) | +2 | 1 (KSČM) | −2 | 21 | ||||
 Denmark |
1 (C) | = | 3 (S) | = | 3 (V) 2 (B) |
+1 +1 |
2 (SF) | +1 | 1 (O) | −3 | 1 (RG) | +1 | 13 | ||||
 Estonia |
2 (SDE) | +1 | 2 (RE) 1 (KE) |
= = |
1 (EKRE) | +1 | 6 | ||||||||||
 Finland |
3 (Kok.) | = | 2 (SDP) | = | 2 (Kesk.) 1 (SFP) |
−1 = |
2 (VIHR) | +1 | 2 (PS) | = | 1 (Vas.) | = | 13 | ||||
 France |
8 (LR-LC) | −12 | 5 (PS-PP-ND) | −8 | 21 (LREM-MoDem-Agir–MR) | +21 | 12 (EELV) | +6 | 22 (RN) | −2 | 6 (FI) | +6 | 74 | ||||
 Germany |
23 (CDU) 6 (CSU) |
−5 +1 |
16 (SPD) | −11 | 5 (FDP) 2 (FW) |
+2 +1 |
21 (B’90/Grüne) 1 (ÖDP) 1 (Piraten) 1 (Volt Europa) 1 (PARTEI) |
+10 = = +1 +1 |
11 (AfD) | +4 | 1 (Familie) | = | 5 (Linke) 1 (Tierschutz) |
−2 = |
1 (PARTEI) | = | 96 |
 Greece |
8 (ND) | +3 | 2 (KINAL) | = | 1 (EL)[62] | +1 | 6 (SYRIZA) | = | 2 (KKE) 2 (XA) |
= −1 |
21 | ||||||
 Hungary |
12+1 (Fidesz+KDNP) | +1 | 1 (MSZP) 4 (DK) |
−1 +2 |
2 (MoMo) | +2 | 1 (Jobbik) | −2 | 21 | ||||||||
 Ireland |
4 (FG) | = | 1 (FF) | = | 2 (GP) | +2 | 2 (I4C) 1 (SF) 1 (Flanagan) |
+2 −2 = |
11 | ||||||||
 Italy |
6 (FI) 1 (SVP) |
−7 = |
19 (PD) | −12 | 28 (Lega) | +23 | 5 (FdI) | +5 | 14 (M5S) | −3 | 73 | ||||||
 Latvia |
2 (JV) | −2 | 2 (Saskaņa) | +1 | 1 (AP!) | +1 | 1 (LKS) | = | 2 (NA) | +1 | 8 | ||||||
 Lithuania |
3 (TS–LKD) 1 (Maldeikienė) |
+1 +1 |
2 (LSDP) | = | 1 (DP) 1 (LRLS) |
= −1 |
2 (LVŽS) | +1 | 1 (LLRA) | = | 11 | ||||||
 Luxembourg |
2 (CSV) | −1 | 1 (LSAP) | = | 2 (DP) | +1 | 1 (Gréng) | = | 6 | ||||||||
 Malta |
2 (PN) | −1 | 4 (PL) | +1 | 6 | ||||||||||||
 Netherlands |
4 (CDA) 1 (50+) 1 (CU) |
−1 +1 +1 |
6 (PvdA) | +3 | 2 (D66) 4 (VVD) |
−2 +1 |
3 (GL) | +1 | 3 (FvD) 1 (SGP) |
+3 = |
1 (PvdD) | = | 26 | ||||
 Poland |
14+3 (KE: KO+PSL) | - 6 | 5 (KE: SLD) 3 (Wiosna) |
= +3 |
26 (PiS-SP) | +8 | 51 | ||||||||||
 Portugal |
6 (PSD) 1 (CDS–PP) |
= = |
9 (PS) | +1 | 1 (PAN) | +1 | 2 (CDU: PCP) 2 (BE) |
−1 +1 |
21 | ||||||||
 Romania |
10 (PNL) 2 (UDMR) 2 (PMP) |
−1 = = |
8 (PSD) 2 (PRO) |
−8 +2 |
8 (USR-PLUS) | +8 | 32 | ||||||||||
 Slovakia |
2 (PS+SPOLU): (SPOLU) 1 (KDH) 1 (OĽaNO) |
+2 −1 = |
3 (Smer–SD) | −1 | 2 (PS+SPOLU): (PS) | +2 | 2 (SaS) | +1 | 2 (ĽSNS) | +2 | 13 | ||||||
 Slovenia |
2+1 (SDS+SLS) 1 (NSi) |
−1 = |
2 (SD) | +1 | 2 (LMS) | +2 | 8 | ||||||||||
 Spain |
12 (PP) | −4 | 20 (PSOE) | +6 | 7 (Cs) 1 (CEUS: EAJ/PNV) |
+1 = |
1 (AR: ERC) 1 (UP: CatComú) |
-1 = |
3 (VOX) | +3 | 3+2 (UP: Podemos+IU) 1 (AR: EH Bildu) |
−5 = |
2 (JuntsxCat) 1 (AR: ERC) |
+2 +1 |
54 | ||
 Sweden |
4 (M) 2 (KD) |
+1 +1 |
5 (S) | = | 2 (C) 1 (L) |
+1 −1 |
2 (MP) | −2 | 3 (SD) | +1 | 1 (V) | = | 20 | ||||
 United Kingdom |
10 (LAB) | −10 | 16 (LD) 1 (Alliance) |
+15 +1 |
7 (GPEW) 3 (SNP) 1 (PC) |
+4 +1 = |
4 (CON) | −15 | 1 (SF) | = | 29 (Brexit Party) 1 (DUP) |
+29
= |
73 | ||||
| Total | MEPs | ||||||||||||||||
| EPP | S&D | RE | G/EFA | ID | ECR | GUE/NGL | NI | ||||||||||
| 182 (24.2%) | −39 | 154 (20.5%) | −37 | 108 (14.4%) | +41 | 74 (9.9%) | +24 | 73 (9.7%) | +26 | 62 (8.3%) | −8 | 41 (5.5%) | −11 | 57 (7.6%) | +5 | 751 | |
Post-Brexit seats
[edit].svg)
GUE/NGL: 40 seats
S&D: 148 seats
G/EFA: 67 seats
Renew: 97 seats
EPP: 187 seats
ECR: 62 seats
ID: 76 seats
Non-Inscrits: 28 seats
In June 2018, the European Council decided to reapportion 27 of the 73 seats which would become vacant in the event of the United Kingdom leaving the EU. As the United Kingdom was still a member of the EU at the time of the election, the elections were held with the same allocation of seats as in 2014. When the United Kingdom left the EU, 27 of the seats were reallocated to other EU member states as shown below, resulting in a total of 705 MEPs.[63]
| State | Seats before | Seats after | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Austria
|
18 | 19 | 1
|
| Belgium
|
21 | 21 | 0
|
| Bulgaria
|
17 | 17 | 0
|
| Croatia
|
11 | 12 | 1
|
| Cyprus
|
6 | 6 | 0
|
| Czech Republic
|
21 | 21 | 0
|
| Denmark
|
13 | 14 | 1
|
| Estonia
|
6 | 7 | 1
|
| Finland
|
13 | 14 | 1
|
| France
|
74 | 79 | 5
|
| Germany
|
96 | 96 | 0
|
| Greece
|
21 | 21 | 0
|
| Hungary
|
21 | 21 | 0
|
| Ireland
|
11 | 13 | 2
|
| Italy
|
73 | 76 | 3
|
| Latvia
|
8 | 8 | 0
|
| Lithuania
|
11 | 11 | 0
|
| Luxembourg
|
6 | 6 | 0
|
| Malta
|
6 | 6 | 0
|
| Netherlands
|
26 | 29 | 3
|
| Poland
|
51 | 52 | 1
|
| Portugal
|
21 | 21 | 0
|
| Romania
|
32 | 33 | 1
|
| Slovakia
|
13 | 14 | 1
|
| Slovenia
|
8 | 8 | 0
|
| Spain
|
54 | 59 | 5
|
| Sweden
|
20 | 21 | 1
|
| United Kingdom
|
73 | 0 | 73
|
| Total | 751 | 705 | 46
|
Changes in group representation
[edit]The table below shows the changes in group composition after the United Kingdom left the EU.
| Member state | Political groups | MEPs | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EPP | S&D | RE | G/EFA | ID | ECR | GUE/NGL | NI | ||
| Austria
|
+1 (Grüne) | +1 | |||||||
| Croatia
|
+1 (SDP) | +1 | |||||||
| Denmark
|
+1 (V) | +1 | |||||||
| Estonia
|
+1 (PP) | +1 | |||||||
| Finland
|
+1 (VIHR) | +1 | |||||||
| France
|
+1 (PS) | +1 (LREM) +1 (IV) |
+1 (EELV) | +1 (RN) | +5 | ||||
| Ireland
|
+1 (FG) | +1 (FF) | +2 | ||||||
| Italy
|
+1 (FI) | +1 (LN) | +1 (FdI) | +3 | |||||
| Netherlands
|
+1 (VVD) | +1 (PVV)[g] | +1 (FvD) | +3 | |||||
| Poland
|
+1 (PiS) | +1 | |||||||
| Romania
|
+1 (PSD) | +1 | |||||||
| Slovakia
|
+1 (KDH) | +1 | |||||||
| Spain
|
+1 (PP) | +1 (PSOE) | +1 (Cs) | +1 (VOX) | +1 (JuntsxCat) | +5 | |||
| Sweden
|
+1 (MP) | +1 | |||||||
| United Kingdom |
−10 (Lab) | −16 (LibDem) −1 (APNI) |
−7 (Green) −3 (SNP) −1 (PC) |
−4 (Con) | −1 (SF) | −29 (Brexit Party) −1 (DUP) |
−73 | ||
| Change | +5 | −6 | −11 | −7 | +3 | 0 | −1 | −29 | −46 |
- ^
- 5,249,935 votes for European Coalition (Poland), which comprised parties which joined the EPP and S&D groups, have been counted for the EPP group.
- 375,660 votes for Christian Union – Reformed Political Party (Netherlands), which comprised parties which joined the EPP and ECR groups, have been counted for the EPP group.
- ^ Renew Europe replaced the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe group (ALDE) from the 2014−2019 Parliament.
- ^ 198,255 votes for PS–SPOLU (Slovakia), which comprised parties which joined the RE and EPP groups, have been counted for the RE group.
- ^ 1,252,139 votes for Ahora Repúblicas (Spain), which comprised parties which joined the G/EFA and GUE/NGL groups (plus one non-inscrit), have been counted for the G/EFA group.
- ^ Identity and Democracy largely replaced the Europe of Nations and Freedom (ENF) group from the 2014−2019 Parliament.
- ^ 2,258,857 votes for Unidas Podemos Cambiar Europa (Spain), which comprised parties which joined the GUE/NGL and G/EFA groups, have been counted for the GUE/NGL group.
- ^ Geert Wilders, leader of the PVV, announced that the party would join the ID group.
Seat projections
[edit]There were no pan-European polls for the European elections. However, several organisations calculated the theoretical seat distribution in the European Parliament based on national polls in all member states. The table below displays these different projections. Since the United Kingdom notified its intention to leave the European Union in March 2017, the United Kingdom was expected not to participate in the European elections and was therefore excluded from projections. On 10 April 2019, the European Council extended the Brexit deadline to 31 October 2019, and the UK did participate in the European elections.[64] The UK was included in most projections after that date.
| Institute | Date | EPP | S&D | RE | Greens/EFA | ID | ECR | GUE/NGL | EFDD | NI | Far-right (NI) | Far-left (NI) | Moderate (NI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Election result[65] | 2019-05-26 | 182 | 154 | 108 | 74 | 73 | 62 | 41 | 44[a] | 13
→
|
7 | 2 | 4 |
| Europe Elects[66] (with United Kingdom) |
2019-05-21 | 172 | 151 | 110 | 59 (incl. 5 Pirates) |
82 (as EAPN) |
60 | 52 | 52 (28 from Brexit) |
13 | – | – | |
| election.de[67] (with United Kingdom) |
2019-05-20 | 169 (no Fidesz) |
155 | 99 | 57 | 84 (as EAPN) |
82 (15 from Fidesz) |
53 | 41 (as 5SDD with Brexit) |
11 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects[66] (with United Kingdom) |
2019-05-14 | 178 | 153 | 104 | 55 | 82 (as EAPN) |
61 | 51 | 48 | 13+5 | – | – | – |
| EU19.EU[68] (with United Kingdom) |
2019-05-08 | 157 | 174 | 99 | 49 | 85 | 75 | 46 | 29 | 37 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects[66] (with United Kingdom) |
2019-05-07 | 180 | 158 | 101 | 51 | 84 (as EAPN) |
61 | 50 | 45 | 12+9 | – | – | – |
| election.de[69] (with United Kingdom) |
2019-05-05 | 175 (no Fidesz) |
147 | 99 | 63 | 79 (as EAPN) |
81 (13 from Fidesz) |
53 | 22 (as 5SDD) |
32 | – | – | – |
| EuropeanElectionsStats.eu[70] (without United Kingdom) |
2019-05-01 | 178 | 125 | 74 (no En Marche) |
50 | 57 | 49 | 50 | 36 | → | 30 | 4 | 52 (24 from En Marche) |
| Europe Elects[66] (with United Kingdom) |
2019-04-30 | 180 | 159 | 102 | 51 | 82 (as EAPN) |
61 | 49 | – | 12+55 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects[71] (with United Kingdom) |
2019-04-25 | 180 | 161 | 104 | 51 | 85 (as EAPN) |
64 | 49 | – | 13+44 | – | – | – |
| EU19.EU[72] (without United Kingdom) |
2019-04-23 | 181 | 145 | 107 | 49 | 75 | 58 | 45 | 25 | 20 | – | – | – |
| EuropeanElectionsStats.eu[73] (with United Kingdom) |
2019-04-16 | 177 | 148 | 73 (no En Marche) |
57 | 63 | 58 | 48 | 40 | → | 35 | 3 | 49 (22 from En Marche) |
| EuropeanElectionsStats.eu[73] (without United Kingdom) |
2019-04-16 | 185 | 132 | 67 (no En Marche) |
50 | 57 | 47 | 51 | 27 | → | 39 | 3 | 47 (22 from En Marche) |
| Bidimedia[74] (with United Kingdom) |
2019-04-12 | 175 | 158 | 96 | 49 | 63 | 74 | 47 | 32 | 7+50 | – | – | – |
| EU19.EU[75] (with United Kingdom) |
2019-04-12 | 176 | 171 | 98 | 49 | 74 | 76 | 46 | 27 | 34 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects[76] | 2019-04-10 | 184 | 135 | 106 | 47 | 63 | 63 | 51 | 35 | 11+10 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects[77] | 2019-04-10 | 184 | 135 | 106 | 47 | 84 (as EAPN) |
63 | 51 | 24 | 11+10 | – | – | – |
| EU19.EU[78] | 2019-04-05 | 193 | 140 | 99 | 48 | 75 | 60 | 48 | 19 (only M5S) |
23 | – | – | – |
| European Parliament[79] | 2019-03-29 | 188 | 142 | 72
(no En Marche) |
51 | 61 | 43 | 49 | 30 | 37 | – | – | 22 (only En Marche) |
| EU19.EU[80] | 2019-03-29 | 187 | 145 | 99 | 47 | 74 | 61 | 50 | 22 (only M5S) |
20 | – | – | – |
| EU19.EU[81] | 2019-03-27 | 184 | 146 | 102 | 45 | 78 | 59 | 49 | 22 (only M5S) |
20 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects[82] | 2019-03-25 | 177 | 135 | 105 | 46 | 62 | 64 | 53 | 40 | 12+11 | – | – | – |
| EU19.EU[83] | 2019-03-21 | 180 | 135 | 102 | 50 | 81 | 67 | 48 | 23 (only M5S) |
19 | – | – | – |
| EU19.EU[84] | 2019-03-18 | 181 | 135 | 101 | 50 | 82 | 65 | 48 | 24 (only M5S) |
19 | – | – | – |
| EuropeanElectionsStats.eu[85] | 2019-03-15 | 183 | 134 | 73 (no En Marche) |
46 | 60 | 40 | 49 | 32 | → | 38 | 3 | 47 (21 from En Marche) |
| election.de[86] | 2019-03-15 | 175 (no Fidesz) |
132 | 98 | 57 | 62 | 59 | 53 | 61 (12 from Fidesz) |
8 | – | – | – |
| EU19.EU[87] | 2019-03-14 | 178 | 143 | 101 | 47 | 83 | 58 | 51 | 24 (only M5S) |
20 | – | – | – |
| EU19.EU[88] | 2019-03-06 | 186 | 142 | 94 | 48 | 81 | 60 | 49 | 25 (only M5S) |
20 | – | – | – |
| EU19.EU[89] | 2019-03-04 | 185 | 141 | 94 | 47 | 83 | 59 | 52 | 25 (only M5S) |
19 | – | – | – |
| EU19.EU[90] | 2019-03-01 | 182 | 138 | 97 | 47 | 83 | 59 | 53 | 26 (only M5S) |
20 | – | – | – |
| European Parliament[91] | 2019-02 | 181 | 135 | 75 | 49 | 59 | 46 | 47 | 39 | 74 | – | – | – |
| EU19.EU[92] | 2019-02-26 | 173 | 144 | 99 | 50 | 82 | 59 | 51 | 26 (only M5S) |
21 | – | – | – |
| EuropeanElectionsStats.eu[93] | 2019-02-24 | 185 | 139 | 68 (no En Marche) |
43 | 59 | 46 | 50 | 34 | → | 40 | 3 | 38 (21 from En Marche) |
| EU19.EU[94] | 2019-02-21 | 170 | 141 | 104 | 48 | 84 | 62 | 50 | 23 (only M5S) |
23 | – | – | – |
| EU19.EU[95] | 2019-02-20 | 168 | 143 | 106 | 48 | 83 | 63 | 49 | 24 (only M5S) |
23 | – | – | – |
| Eurobarometer[96] | 2019-02-18 | 183 | 135 | 75 (no En Marche) |
45 | 59 | 51 | 46 | 43 | 22+58 | – | – | – |
| EU19.EU[97] | 2019-02-16 | 167 | 143 | 104 | 47 | 85 | 63 | 47 | 25 (only M5S) |
24 | – | – | – |
| EuropeanElectionsStats.eu[98] | 2019-02-03 | 191 | 138 | 68 (no En Marche) |
45 | 56 | 56 | 52 | 35 | → | 39 | 3 | 36 (21 from En Marche) |
| European Parliament[91] | 2019-01 | 186 | 129 | 77 | 46 | 60 | 43 | 45 | 34 | 85 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects[99] ("United Right Scenario") | 2019-01-30 | 191 | 129 | 98 | 47 | 132 | – | 56 | – | 12+40 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects[99] ("EFDD breaks apart scenario") | 2019-01-30 | 177 | 129 | 98 | 47 | 77 | 93 | 56 | – | 12+16 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects[100] | 2019-01-13 | 177 | 129 | 98 | 47 | 62 | 62 | 56 | 46 | 12+16 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[101] | 2019-01-08 | 181 | 130 | 90 | 49 | 63 | 58 | 57 | 14 | 11+52 | – | – | – |
| European Parliament[91] | 2018-12 | 185 | 131 | 78 | 42 | 62 | 45 | 49 | 46 | 67 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects[102] | 2018-12-05 | 178 | 133 | 96 | 43 | 61 | 53 | 58 | 47 | 13+21 | – | – | – |
| European Parliament[91] | 2018-11 | 181 | 140 | 78 | 46 | 59 | 43 | 50 | 45 | 63 | – | – | – |
| EuropeanElectionsStats.eu[103] | 2018-11-29 | 186 | 140 | 76 (no En Marche) |
42 | 56 | 43 | 56 | 35 | → | 36 | 3 | 32 (18 from En Marche) |
| Europe Elects[104] | 2018-11-11 | 172 | 136 | 98 | 45 | 61 | 54 | 60 | 48 | 10+21 | – | – | – |
| EuropeanElectionsStats.eu[105] | 2018-10-28 | 186 | 136 | 77 (no En Marche) |
40 | 53 | 42 | 58 | 38 | → | 38 | 3 | 34 (21 from En Marche) |
| Instituto Cattaneo[106] | 2018-10-09 | 180 | 139 | 93 | 45 | 63 | 54 | 63 | 55 | 13 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects[107] | 2018-10-09 | 177 | 134 | 98 | 40 | 61 | 50 | 61 | 50 | 9+25 | – | – | – |
| Politico Europe[108] | 2018-10-08 | 178 | 137 | 83 (21 En Marche) |
40 | 59 | 48 | 58 | 53 | 6+33 | – | – | – |
| EuropeanElectionsStats.eu[109] | 2018-09-22 | 182 | 139 | 76 (no En Marche) |
36 | 52 | 46 | 61 | 40 | → | 36 | 3 | 33 (21 from En Marche) |
| Europe Elects[110] | 2018-09-20 | 181 | 134 | 100 | 37 | 57 | 49 | 61 | 49 | 11+26 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[111] | 2018-09-19 | 178 | 140 | 95 | 42 | 59 | 50 | 60 | 21 | 10+50 | – | – | – |
| EuropeanElectionsStats.eu[112] | 2018-09-12 | 187 | 141 | 72 (no En Marche) |
33 | 52 | 44 | 60 | 39 | → | 39 | 4 | 33 (21 from En Marche) |
| Europe Elects[113] | 2018-08-10 | 179 | 137 | 104 | 36 | 55 | 50 | 60 | 49 | 10+25 | – | – | – |
| Thomson Reuters[114] | 2018-07-28 | 180 | 154 | 104 | 34 | 63 | 42 | 56 | 59 | 13 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist ("dynamic scenario")[115] | 2018-07-25 | 177 | 145 | 56 (En Marche) 53 (ALDE) |
38 | 78 | 90 | 58 | – | 10 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist ("baseline scenario")[115] | 2018-07-25 | 177 | 145 | 102 | 38 | 56 | 50 | 57 | 22 | 10+48 | – | – | – |
| www.thenewfederalist.eu/Europe Elects[116] | 2018-07-06 | 185 | 141 | 110 | 34 | 52 | 44 | 58 | 49 | 9+23 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist ("dynamic scenario")[117] | 2018-05-29 | 178 | 138 | 57 (En Marche) 50 (ALDE) |
37 | 66 | 84 | 56 | – | 12 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist ("baseline scenario")[117] | 2018-05-29 | 178 | 137 | 103 | 37 | 46 | 43 | 55 | 23 | 12+44 | – | – | – |
| treffpunkteuropa.de/Europe Elects[118] | 2018-05-18 | 179 | 141 | 112 | 32 | 47 | 42 | 61 | 58 | 12+21 | – | – | – |
| treffpunkteuropa.de/Europe Elects[119] | 2018-04-17 | 180 | 143 | 112 | 33 | 46 | 42 | 60 | 58 | 9+22 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[120] | 2018-04-03 | 180 | 137 | 104 | 33 | 44 | 41 | 58 | 23 | 12+46 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[121] | 2018-02-05 | 179 | 142 | 102 | 33 | 41 | 47 | 65 | 42 | 27 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[122] | 2017-12-13 | 196 | 142 | 109 | 30 | 36 | 45 | 56 | 37 | 27 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[123] | 2017-10-16 | 192 | 150 | 106 | 28 | 37 | 45 | 55 | 38 | 27 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[124] | 2017-08-21 | 196 | 149 | 108 | 24 | 44 | 42 | 57 | 29 | 29 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[125] | 2017-06-27 | 201 | 155 | 109 | 23 | 42 | 38 | 55 | 28 | 27 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[126] | 2017-05-02 | 198 | 170 | 82 | 28 | 59 | 35 | 46 | 27 | 33 | – | – | – |
| New allocation of seats without the United Kingdom approved | |||||||||||||
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[126] | 2017-05-02 | 198 | 186 | 88 | 35 | 59 | 68 | 47 | 36 | 34 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[127] | 2017-03-28 | 181 | 181 | 75 | 29 | 48 | 74 | 58 | 40 | 51 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[126] | 2017-03-06 | 191 | 182 | 80 | 35 | 60 | 69 | 50 | 48 | 36 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[128] | 2017-03-01 | 174 | 185 | 85 | 31 | 51 | 81 | 54 | 42 | 48 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[126] | 2017-01-16 | 191 | 180 | 82 | 40 | 68 | 63 | 48 | 48 | 31 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[129] | 2017-01-07 | 189 | 170 | 82 | 28 | 60 | 71 | 63 | 38 | 49 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[129] | 2016-12-01 | 195 | 176 | 81 | 35 | 57 | 72 | 57 | 38 | 42 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[126] | 2016-11-14 | 194 | 182 | 91 | 38 | 61 | 65 | 48 | 47 | 25 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[130] | 2016-10-31 | 191 | 171 | 75 | 30 | 61 | 73 | 71 | 41 | 38 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[131] | 2016-10-01 | 194 | 179 | 82 | 31 | 64 | 71 | 57 | 42 | 31 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[126] | 2016-09-13 | 189 | 181 | 91 | 38 | 63 | 62 | 47 | 53 | 27 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[132] | 2016-09-01 | 189 | 176 | 86 | 32 | 54 | 74 | 59 | 40 | 32 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[132] | 2016-08-13 | 191 | 184 | 86 | 32 | 58 | 72 | 60 | 40 | 21 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[133] | 2016-07-28 | 192 | 185 | 90 | 39 | 61 | 59 | 48 | 54 | 13 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[134] | 2016-07-13 | 202 | 187 | 92 | 31 | 58 | 67 | 57 | 36 | 21 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[135] | 2016-06-23 | 183 | 179 | 88 | 32 | 61 | 74 | 61 | 46 | 27 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[136] | 2016-06-01 | 186 | 177 | 83 | 35 | 45 | 76 | 59 | 63 | 27 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[137] | 2016-05-25 | 187 | 174 | 85 | 40 | 70 | 63 | 55 | 51 | 12 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[138] | 2016-05-02 | 187 | 178 | 89 | 27 | 49 | 69 | 66 | 56 | 23 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[139] | 2016-04-07 | 192 | 179 | 85 | 37 | 53 | 72 | 52 | 50 | 31 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[140] | 2016-04-02 | 205 | 177 | 87 | 30 | 48 | 84 | 58 | 37 | 25 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[141] | 2016-03-01 | 186 | 183 | 99 | 27 | 48 | 81 | 65 | 37 | 25 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[139] | 2016-02-07 | 196 | 183 | 82 | 34 | 55 | 70 | 51 | 51 | 29 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[142] | 2016-02-02 | 191 | 186 | 79 | 27 | 51 | 86 | 69 | 39 | 23 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[143] | 2016-01-04 | 194 | 187 | 95 | 28 | 48 | 76 | 66 | 37 | 20 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[144] | 2015-12-14 | 192 | 185 | 87 | 33 | 53 | 68 | 52 | 52 | 29 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[145] | 2015-12-02 | 197 | 186 | 82 | 33 | 47 | 91 | 61 | 37 | 17 | – | – | – |
| thenewfederalist.eu[146] | 2015-11-17 | 196 | 201 | 76 | 31 | 42 | 88 | 62 | 42 | 13 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[147] | 2015-11-01 | 197 | 203 | 75 | 31 | 42 | 88 | 61 | 42 | 12 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[148] | 2015-10-17 | 204 | 193 | 75 | 33 | 54 | 66 | 51 | 51 | 24 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[149] | 2015-08-21 | 204 | 190 | 74 | 35 | 49 | 70 | 56 | 47 | 26 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[150] | 2015-07-03 | 206 | 193 | 68 | 36 | 39 | 80 | 69 | 30 | 30 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[151] | 2015-06-30 | 205 | 188 | 73 | 34 | 47 | 69 | 61 | 43 | 31 | – | – | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[152] | 2015-05-05 | 218 | 196 | 75 | 31 | – | 71 | 74 | 34 | 52 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[153] | 2015-05-03 | 205 | 193 | 80 | 32 | (51) | 62 | 60 | 44 | 24 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[154] | 2015-03-10 | 216 | 196 | 77 | 31 | (49) | 60 | 60 | 43 | 19 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[155] | 2015-01-12 | 212 | 190 | 70 | 40 | (43) | 59 | 65 | 47 | 25 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[156] | 2014-11-18 | 212 | 195 | 69 | 42 | (43) | 59 | 60 | 47 | 24 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[157] | 2014-09-23 | 223 | 196 | 67 | 39 | (40) | 61 | 53 | 47 | 25 | – | – | – |
| Der (europäische) Föderalist[126] | 2014-07-28 | 215 | 191 | 75 | 47 | (40) | 66 | 56 | 44 | 17 | – | – | – |
| European election 2014 | 2014-05-25 | 221 | 191 | 67 | 50 | (37) | 70 | 52 | 48 | 15 | – | – | – |
- ^ If the group had been able to be formed
Percent
[edit]The following table shows projections with vote share instead of seats.
| Institute | Date | EPP | S&D | ECR | RE | Greens/EFA | GUE/NGL | EFDD | ENF | NI | Others |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Result[158] | 2019-05-26 | 21.0% | 18.5% | 8.2% | 13.0% | 11.7% | 6.5% | 5.7% | 10.8% | 1.5% | 3.1% |
| Europe Elects[159] | 2019-04-10 | 22.9% | 18.0% | 8.0% | 13.1% | 8.4% | 7.3% | 6.8% | 8.4% | → | 6.8% |
| Europe Elects[160] | 2018-12-27 | 21.4% | 17.8% | 5.9% | 12.7% | 7.0% | 7.5% | 8.2% | 9.2% | → | 9.3% |
| Europe Elects[102] | 2018-12-05 | 21.6% | 17.9% | 5.7% | 13.1% | 7.4% | 8.3% | 8.2% | 8.6% | 1.0% | 8.3% |
| Europe Elects[161] | 2018-11-11 | 20.8% | 17.6% | 5.1% | 13.3% | 7.0% | 8.8% | 9.1% | 9.6% | 1.0% | 7.8% |
| Europe Elects[161] | 2018-10-26 | 20.9% | 18.4% | 5.0% | 11.6% | 6.4% | 8.6% | 9.3% | 9.1% | 1.1% | 9.7% |
| Europe Elects[161] | 2018-10-18 | 21.5% | 18.4% | 4.3% | 12.0% | 6.4% | 8.7% | 9.5% | 9.3% | 1.0% | 8.9% |
| Europe Elects[162] | 2018-10-14 | 21.3% | 18.3% | 3.9% | 12.6% | 6.3% | 8.6% | 9.5% | 9.3% | 1.0% | 9.1% |
| Europe Elects[163] | 2018-10-13 | 21.3% | 18.4% | 3.9% | 12.5% | 6.3% | 8.6% | 9.5% | 9.3% | 1.0% | 9.1% |
| Europe Elects[163] | 2018-10-12 | 21.3% | 18.5% | 3.9% | 12.5% | 6.5% | 8.6% | 9.6% | 9.3% | 1.0% | 9.1% |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de/Europe Elects[164] | 2018-06-01 | 20% | 19.5% | 9.5% | 12.5% | 6% | 8% | 8.5% | 7.5% | 2% | ? |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de/Europe Elects[164] | 2018-05-01 | 20.5% | 21% | 10.5% | 13% | 4.5% | 8% | 8% | 7% | 2% | ? |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de/Europe Elects[164] | 2018-04-01 | 20.5% | 19.5% | 10% | 14% | 4.5% | 7.5% | 8% | 6.5% | 1.5% | ? |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[164] | 2018-03-07 | 21% | 20.5% | 10% | 12.5% | 4.5% | 7.5% | 8.5% | 6% | 2.5% | ? |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[164] | 2018-01-30 | 21% | 22% | 10% | 13.5% | 5% | 7.5% | 7.5% | 5.5% | 2% | ? |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[164] | 2018-01-01 | 21% | 22.5% | 10% | 12.5% | 4.5% | 8.5% | 7.5% | 5.5% | 2% | ? |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[164] | 2017-11-30 | 21.5% | 22% | 10% | 12.5% | 4% | 8% | 7% | 6.5% | 2% | ? |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[164] | 2017-11-14 | 21.5% | 21.5% | 9.5% | 13% | 4% | 8% | 7% | 6% | 3% | 6% |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[164] | 2017-10-06 | 21% | 23% | 9.5% | 12.5% | 4.5% | 8% | 4.5% | 7% | 3% | ? |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[164] | 2017-09-14 | 22.5% | 23% | 9.5% | 13% | 4.5% | 8% | 4.5% | 6% | 3% | ? |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[164] | 2017-06-14 | 22.5% | 24% | 8% | 12.5% | 4% | 8% | 4% | 5.5% | 3% | ? |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[164] | 2017-05-22 | 22% | 23% | 8.5% | 12% | 4% | 8% | 4.5% | 6.5% | 3% | ? |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[165] | 2017-03-28 | 22% | 23% | 8.5% | 8% | 4% | 7.5% | 6% | 7% | 6.5% | 7.5% |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[166] | 2017-03-01 | 21% | 23.5% | 9% | 8.5% | 4% | 7.5% | 6.5% | 7.5% | 6% | 6.5% |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[167] | 2017-02-02 | 23% | 20.5% | 9.5% | 8% | 4.5% | 8% | 6% | 8.5% | 5.5% | 6.5% |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[168] | 2017-01-07 | 23.5% | 22% | 9% | 8.5% | 4.5% | 7.5% | 6.5% | 9% | 3.5% | 6.5% |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[169] | 2016-12-01 | 23.5% | 22.5% | 9% | 8.5% | 4.5% | 7.5% | 6.5% | 8.5% | 3.5% | 6% |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[130] | 2016-10-31 | 23% | 21% | 9% | 8% | 5% | 8% | 7% | 9% | 3% | 7% |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[131] | 2016-10-01 | 24% | 22% | 9% | 9% | 4% | 8% | 7% | 9% | 3% | 5% |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[170] | 2016-09-01 | 25% | 24% | 10% | 12% | 4% | 8% | 5% | 8% | 4% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[132] | 2016-08-13 | 26% | 24% | 10% | 11% | 4% | 8% | 5% | 8% | 4% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[134] | 2016-07-13 | 27% | 25% | 9% | 12% | 4% | 7% | 5% | 8% | ? | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[171] | 2016-06-23 | 24% | 24% | 10% | 12% | 4% | 8% | 6% | 8% | 4% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[136] | 2016-06-01 | 25% | 23% | 10% | 11% | 5% | 8% | 6% | 8% | 4% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[172] | 2016-05-22 | 25% | 24% | 10% | 11% | 4% | 8% | 6% | 8% | 4% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[173] | 2016-05-02 | 25% | 24% | 9% | 12% | 4% | 9% | 7% | 7% | ? | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[140] | 2016-04-02 | 27% | 24% | 11% | 12% | 4% | 8% | 5% | 6% | ? | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[141] | 2016-03-01 | 25% | 24% | 11% | 13% | 4% | 9% | 5% | 6% | ? | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[174] | 2016-02-02 | 25% | 25% | 11% | 11% | 4% | 9% | 5% | 7% | 3% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[143] | 2016-01-04 | 26% | 25% | 10% | 13% | 4% | 9% | 5% | 6% | 2% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[145] | 2015-12-02 | 26% | 25% | 12% | 11% | 5% | 8% | 5% | 6% | 2% | – |
| Europe Elects/thenewfederalist.eu[146] | 2015-11-17 | 26% | 27% | 12% | 10% | 4% | 8% | 5% | 6% | 2% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[147] | 2015-11-01 | 26% | 27% | 12% | 10% | 4% | 8% | 5% | 6% | 2% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[175] | 2015-10-01 | 26% | 26% | 10% | 11% | 4% | 9% | 5% | 6% | 3% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[176] | 2015-09-01 | 27% | 26% | 11% | 10% | 5% | 9% | 4% | 5% | 3% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[177] | 2015-08-06 | 27% | 26% | 10% | 9% | 5% | 10% | 4% | 5% | 3% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[150] | 2015-07-03 | 27% | 26% | 11% | 9% | 5% | 9% | 4% | 5% | 4% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[178] | 2015-06-16 | 27% | 25% | 10% | 10.5% | 5% | 9% | 4% | 5.5% | 4% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[179] | 2015-06-02 | 27% | 26% | 11% | 9% | 4% | 9% | 5% | – | 9% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[152] | 2015-05-05 | 29% | 26% | 9% | 10% | 4% | 10% | 5% | – | 7% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[180] | 2015-04-03 | 29% | 27% | 10% | 9% | 4% | 9% | 4% | – | 8% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[181] | 2015-03-12 | 29% | 27% | 10% | 9% | 4% | 10% | 4% | – | 7% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[182] | 2015-01-30 | 29% | 27% | 9% | 10% | 4% | 9% | 5% | – | 7% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[182] | 2014-12-30 | 29% | 27% | 10% | 9% | 4% | 10% | 4% | – | 7% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[182] | 2014-11-30 | 29% | 27% | 10% | 10% | 5% | 9% | 4% | – | 6% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[182] | 2014-10-30 | 29% | 26% | 9% | 10% | 5% | 9% | 4% | – | 8% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[182] | 2014-09-30 | 29% | 26% | 9% | 10% | 5% | 9% | 5% | – | 7% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[182] | 2014-08-30 | 27% | 28% | 9% | 10% | 5% | 9% | 5% | – | 7% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[182] | 2014-07-30 | 28% | 26% | 10% | 10% | 6% | 8% | 5% | – | 7% | – |
| Europe Elects/treffpunkteuropa.de[182] | 2014-06-30 | 29% | 26% | 9% | 10% | 6% | 8% | 5% | – | 7% | – |
| European election 2014 | 2014-05-25 | 29.2 % | 25.4 % | 9.1 % | 8.9 % | 6.8 % | 6.7 % | 6.4 % | – | 7.1 % | – |
Aftermath
[edit]European Commission
[edit]The heads of governments, gathered in a European Council on 1–3 July 2019, could not agree on a consensus President of the Commission. The two Spitzenkandidaten were discussed, but neither Manfred Weber (EPP), nor Frans Timmermans (PES), who had the backing of many leaders but not of those from the Visegrád Group, had a majority. In the final hours of the vote, the name of Ursula von der Leyen was suggested and agreed to by all governments, with Germany's abstention.
The European Parliament elected Ursula von der Leyen as President of the European Commission on 16 July, with 383 votes in favour (374 votes needed).[183]
The European Commission was approved by the European Parliament on 27 November 2019, receiving 461 votes, with 157 against and 89 abstentions. EPP, S&D, Renew Europe and half of the ECR voted in favour. The Greens/EFA abstained.[184]
See also
[edit]- List of European Parliament elections by state (includes 2019 elections)
References
[edit]- ^ "Turnout | 2019 European election results | European Parliament". election-results.eu.
- ^ "Size of Parliament to shrink after Brexit" (Press release). European Parliament. 7 February 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ^ "Brexit delayed until 31 October - UK and EU agree". BBC News. 11 April 2019. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
- ^ Smith, Alexander (27 May 2019). "European Parliament elections: 5 takeaways from the results". NBC News. Retrieved 27 May 2019.
- ^ Mudde, Cas (11 October 2019). "The 2019 EU Elections: Moving the Center". Journal of Democracy. 30 (4): 20–34. doi:10.1353/jod.2019.0066. ISSN 1086-3214.
- ^ "EU center-right claims European Commission presidency". 27 May 2019 – via Japan Times Online.
- ^ "Center-right candidate for EU Commission chair says ready to..." 28 May 2019 – via www.reuters.com.
- ^ a b c "European Parliament elections: Council reaches agreement on a set of measures to modernise EU electoral law". Consilium.
- ^ "Reform of the Electoral Law of the EU". European Parliament. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
- ^ mq86mq. "mq86mq on Twitter: "#Direktwahlakt: Stand der Ratifikation. Meine Beschwerde gegen Geheimhaltung hat der @EUCouncil wegen technical inconvenience verschlampt, aber nach erneuter Beschwerde hab ich die Liste gekriegt, offenbar ohne formellen Ratsbeschluss. #Sperrklausel #Europawahl @hotstegs_recht‌ t.co/2gbRzcM0HC"". Twitter.com. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Wieland: "Spitzenkandidat genie is well and truly out of the bottle", Euractiv 11 May 2016.
- ^ Spitzenkandidat system here to stay, MEPs warn capitals, EU Observer 23 January 2018.
- ^ "Countdown to 2019 European Elections - The Malta Independent". Independent.
- ^ EU chief Jean-Claude Juncker 'will not seek second term', BBC, 11 February 2017.
- ^ "Finland's fitness fiend ready for exhausting EU race". Financial Times. 1 October 2018. Retrieved 1 October 2018.
- ^ "Merkel backs Bavarian ally as center-right's EU Commission candidate: media". Reuters. 31 August 2018. Archived from the original on 31 August 2018. Retrieved 31 August 2018.
- ^ "Europe's conservatives nominate Manfred Weber for EU top job". POLITICO. 8 November 2018. Archived from the original on 8 November 2018. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
- ^ Slovakia's Sefcovic announces bid to head European Commission, Reuters 17 September 2018
- ^ Juncker's Dutch deputy bids to succeed him as EU chief, Reuters 10 October 2018
- ^ "PES Unites Behind Timmermans As Lead Candidate For 2019 European Elections". PES.
- ^ Leading liberals join EU election fray, Politico.EU, 19 April 2019
- ^ Race is on for Commission president in 2019, Politico 13 February 2017
- ^ "Macron ♥ Vestager". 14 November 2017.
- ^ The race to succeed Juncker begins, Euractiv 17 January 2018
- ^ "Procedure for 2019 Green leading candidates". European Greens. Retrieved 29 September 2018.
- ^ a b "Four Greens enter race to become European Green Party leading candidates". European Greens. Retrieved 29 September 2018.
- ^ "Oriol Junqueras elected as EFA Lead Candidate for European elections". European Free Alliance. Retrieved 5 May 2019.
- ^ "Junqueras chosen as EFA party candidate to head European Commission in upcoming election". Catalan News Agency. Retrieved 5 May 2019.
- ^ "European Left party elects two 'Spitzenkandidaten'". EUobserver. 28 January 2019. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
- ^ Piotr Kaczyński (18 February 2019). "The Five Star Movement's attempt to create a European Parliament group". Euractiv.com./
- ^ Pierri, Francesco. "Investigating Italian disinformation spreading on Twitter in the context of 2019 European elections". PLOS ONE. Archived from the original on 25 July 2024. Retrieved 25 July 2024.
- ^ "Grillo da Casaleggio, Messora: "Il messaggio di Beppe non è stato compreso"". Fanpage (in Italian). Archived from the original on 29 May 2014.
- ^ "German far Right rebuffs Steve Bannon's effort to forge Europe-wide populist movement". The Telegraph. Agence France-Presse. 11 August 2018. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 9 September 2018.
- ^ "Austria's far-right unwilling to collaborate with Bannon". The Times of Israel. Agence France-Presse. 12 September 2018. Retrieved 19 September 2018.
- ^ James, William (21 September 2018). "UKIP will not join Steve Bannon's anti-EU movement, says leader". Reuters. Retrieved 21 September 2018.
- ^ Maïa de La Baume; Silvia Sciorilli Borrelli (5 March 2019). "Steve Bannon's stuttering European adventure". Politico.
- ^ Daniel DePetris (6 March 2019). "How Steve Bannon tried – and failed – to crack Europe". Spectator. Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 25 May 2019.
- ^ Adam Nossiter; Jason Horowitz (24 May 2019). "Bannon's Populists, Once a 'Movement,' Keep Him at Arm's Length". The New York Times.
- ^ Alexander Sarti (8 April 2019). "European Alliance of Peoples and Nations: What we know so far". Europe Elects.
- ^ "The UK's European elections 2019". BBC News. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
- ^ a b c Maïa de La Baume (9 February 2018). "Macron's opening European gambit". Politico.
- ^ Cécile Barbière (15 February 2018). "Macron's plans for a party in the European Parliament". Euractiv.
- ^ Maïa de La Baume; Rym Momtaz. "Cash clash strains Macron's liberal love-in".
- ^ Aline Robert (10 May 2019). "Macron's Renaissance to reveal allies in Strasbourg". Euractiv.com.
- ^ Aline Robert (15 May 2019). "Why centrists in European Parliament are prepared to drop the term 'liberal'". Euractiv.com.
- ^ "European Spring".
- ^ Tobias Wilczek (10 June 2019). "Tobias Wilczek: Young people are exerting a greater influence on world politics". Vancouver Sun.
- ^ "2019 European election results | European Parliament". European Parliament. Archived from the original on 13 December 2019. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
- ^ "Volt wants to become the first pan-EU political party". The Economist. Retrieved 2 November 2018.
- ^ Lorène Weber (18 July 2019). "MEP Damian Boeselager: "We Need More Transnational Politics"". The New Federalist.
- ^ "Movers and Shakers". The Parliament Magazine. 14 June 2019.
- ^ "Présidence de la Commission européenne : revivez le débat des candidats sur France 24". france24.com. 17 April 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
- ^ "EU Commission Clash: The Candidates' Debate - Part 1". france24.com. 17 April 2014. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
- ^ "EU Commission Clash: The Candidates' Debate - Part 2". france24.com. 17 April 2014. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
- ^ "The Maastricht Debate". Politico Europe. 29 April 2014. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
- ^ "The Florence Debate". European University Institute. 2 May 2019. Archived from the original on 7 May 2019. Retrieved 2 May 2019.
- ^ "Wahlarena zur Europawahl - Europawahl 2019 - ARD | Das Erste". Das Erste (in German). Retrieved 7 May 2019.
- ^ "EBU - Eurovision Debate". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 7 June 2019. Retrieved 6 May 2019.
- ^ "TV-Duell und Schlagabtausch: Europawahl-Abend im ZDF: Was Sie wissen müssen". ZDF (in German). Retrieved 17 May 2019.
- ^ "Debat tussen Spitzenkandidaten Timmermans en Weber maandag bij Nieuwsuur". Archived from the original on 25 May 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
- ^ "2019 European election results – Comparative tool". European Parliament. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
- ^ "ECR Group welcome new members". ECR Group website. 5 June 2019.
- ^ European Council Decision (EU) 2018/937 of 28 June 2018 establishing the composition of the European Parliament
- ^ Chris Morris (14 March 2019). "Brexit: Does the UK need to hold European elections?". BBC News. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
- ^ "Home - 2019 European election results - European Parliament". election-results.eu.
- ^ a b c d "How Europe Elects predicts an election". europeelects. 1 May 2019. Retrieved 21 May 2019.
- ^ "Wahl zum Europäischen Parlament - Prognose Stand 20.05.2019". election.de. 20 May 2019. Retrieved 21 May 2019.
- ^ "Projektion". eu19.eu. 8 May 2019. Archived from the original on 13 May 2019. Retrieved 13 May 2019.
- ^ "Wahl zum Europäischen Parlament - Prognose Stand 05.05.2019". election.de. 5 May 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
- ^ "European Parliament 2019 - Seat Projection (with and without the UK)". EuropeanElectionsStats.eu. 1 May 2019. Archived from the original on 17 May 2019. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
- ^ "European Parliament Projection – April 2019". europeelects. 25 April 2019. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
- ^ "Projektion Europäisches Parlament". eu19.eu. 23 April 2019. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
- ^ a b "European Parliament 2019 - Seat Projection (with and without the UK)". EuropeanElectionsStats.eu. 16 April 2019. Archived from the original on 17 May 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
- ^ "Osservatorio sull'Europa – Elezioni Europee, i seggi al 12/4: No-Brexit, scenario rivoluzionato! ENF diventa AEPN? Destre nel caos". Bidimedia. 12 April 2019. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
- ^ "Projektion Europäisches Parlament". eu19.eu. 12 April 2019. Archived from the original on 13 April 2019. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
- ^ "EU election polls: Two biggest Parliament groups are recovering — but will still take big hits". euronews. 10 April 2019. Retrieved 10 April 2019.
- ^ "European Alliance of Peoples and Nations: What we know so far". europeelects.eu. 25 March 2019. Retrieved 10 April 2019.
- ^ "Projektion Europäisches Parlament". eu19.eu. 5 April 2019. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
- ^ "European Elections 2019" (PDF). europarl.europa.eu. 29 March 2019.
- ^ "Projektion Europäisches Parlament". eu19.eu. 29 March 2019. Archived from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.
- ^ "Projektion Europäisches Parlament". eu19.eu. 27 March 2019. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.
- ^ "EU27: @EuropeElects seat projection for the European Parliament". europeelects.eu. 25 March 2019. Retrieved 25 March 2019.
- ^ "Projektion Europäisches Parlament". eu19.eu. 21 March 2019. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
- ^ "Projektion Europäisches Parlament". eu19.eu. 18 March 2019. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ "European Parliament 2019 seat projection". European Elections Stats. 15 March 2019. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Wahl zum Europäischen Parlament - Prognose Stand 12.03.2019". election.de. 13 March 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2019.
- ^ "Projektion Europäisches Parlament". eu19.eu. 14 March 2019. Archived from the original on 15 September 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ "Projektion Europäisches Parlament". eu19.eu. 6 March 2019. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ "Projektion Europäisches Parlament". eu19.eu. 4 March 2019. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ "Projektion Europäisches Parlament". eu19.eu. 1 March 2019. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ a b c d "EU-Wahl-Prognose: EVP mit 188 und SPE mit 142 Sitzen ohne Mehrheit". derstandard.de. 29 March 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.
- ^ "Projektion Europäisches Parlament". eu19.eu. 26 February 2019. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ "European Parliament 2019 seat projection". European Elections Stats. 24 February 2019. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
- ^ "Projektion Europäisches Parlament". eu19.eu. 21 February 2019. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ "Projektion Europäisches Parlament". eu19.eu. 20 February 2019. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ "Europäische Volkspartei weiter stärkste Kraft". FAZ. 18 February 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2019.
- ^ "Projektion Europäisches Parlament". eu19.eu. 16 February 2019. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ "European Parliament 2019 seat projection". European Elections Stats. 3 February 2019. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
- ^ a b "Four Scenarios for the European election". Europe Elects. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
- ^ "European Election Projection". Europe Elects. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
- ^ Manuel Müller (13 January 2019). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (January 2019): Sozialdemokraten fallen auf neuen Tiefststand, Rechte legen zu, "Grüne Welle" hält an". foederalist.eu. Retrieved 13 January 2019.
- ^ a b "European Election Forecast". Europe Elects. Retrieved 6 December 2018.
- ^ "European Parliament 2019 seat projection". European Elections Stats. 29 November 2018. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 29 November 2018.
- ^ "European Election Forecast". Europe Elects. 11 November 2018. Retrieved 12 November 2018.
- ^ "European Parliament 2019 seat projection". European Elections Stats. 28 October 2018. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 28 October 2018.
- ^ "Seconda simulazione sulla ripartizione dei seggi" (PDF). cattaneo. 26 October 2018. Retrieved 26 October 2018.
- ^ "EU27, EuropeElects seat projection". Europe Elects. 9 October 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
- ^ "Projected Composition of the next European Parliament". Politico Europe. 9 October 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
- ^ "European Parliament 2019 seat projection". European Elections Stats. 22 September 2018. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 22 September 2018.
- ^ "EU27, EuropeElects seat projection". Europe Elects. 20 September 2018. Retrieved 20 September 2018.
- ^ Manuel Müller (25 July 2018). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (September 2018): Hat die S&D noch eine Chance?". foederalist.eu. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- ^ "European Parliament 2019 seat projection". EuropeanElectionsStats. 12 September 2018. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
- ^ "EU27, EuropeElects seat projection". Europe Elects. 10 August 2018. Retrieved 10 August 2018.
- ^ "EU parliament elections". Thomson Reuters. 28 July 2018. Retrieved 10 August 2018.
- ^ a b Manuel Müller (25 July 2018). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Juli 2018): Sozialdemokraten machen Boden gut, EVP in neuem Rekordtief, Rechte legen zu". foederalist.eu. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- ^ "treffpunkteuropa: Changes in European party affiliations look set to shake up the European Parliament". thenewfederalist.eu. 6 July 2018. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
- ^ a b Manuel Müller (29 May 2018). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Mai 2018): Grüne im Aufwind, GroKo weiter im Tief". foederalist.eu. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
- ^ "treffpunkteuropa: SOZIALDEMOKRATEN NACH BREXIT OHNE CHANCE AUF KOMMISSIONSPRÄSIDENTSCHAFT". treffpunkteuropa.de. 18 May 2018. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
- ^ Tobias Gerhard Schminke (17 April 2018). "EUROPAWAHL-PROJEKTION: CHRISTDEMOKRATEN EUROPAWEIT VORNE". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
- ^ Manuel Müller (3 April 2018). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
- ^ Manuel Müller (5 February 2018). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Februar 2018): EVP verliert deutlich, kleine Parteien legen zu". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 6 February 2018.
- ^ Manuel Müller (15 December 2017). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Dezember 2017): Sozialdemokraten stürzen ab, Rekord-Vorsprung der EVP". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 6 February 2018.
- ^ Manuel Müller (16 October 2017). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Oktober 2017): EVP verliert, Grüne und Rechte gewinnen". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
- ^ Manuel Müller (22 August 2017). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (August 2017): Schlechte Zeiten für Europas Sozialdemokraten". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
- ^ Manuel Müller (28 June 2017). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Juni 2017): Liberale dank Macron im Rekordhoch". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 2 July 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f g Manuel Müller (30 September 2016). "Der (europäische) Föderalist: Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 16 May 2017.
- ^ "treffpunkteuropa: TRUMP-EFFEKT? – ZUSTIMMUNG FÜR RECHTE IN EUROPA SINKT RASANT". treffpunkteuropa.de. 1 March 2016. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
- ^ "treffpunkteuropa: Umfragen: Europas Rechte im Sinkflug". treffpunkteuropa.de. 1 March 2016. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
- ^ a b "treffpunkteuropa: Umfragen: Der Trump-Effekt". treffpunkteuropa.de. 1 December 2016. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
- ^ a b Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Muskelschwund der Volksparteien in der EU – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ a b Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Umfragen: 20% der Europäer würden rechts wählen – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ a b c Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Terror verändert Wahlabsicht der Europäer kaum – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Manuel Müller. "Der (europäische) Föderalist: Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Juli 2016): Wer profitiert vom Brexit?". Foederalist.eu. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ a b Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Umfragen: Brexit beflügelt EU-Befürworter – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ treffpunkteuropa.de. "Live-Ticker: Brexit-Referendum +++ Junge Wähler blieben zuhause – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ a b Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Umfragen: Europäische Sozialdemokratie stürzt weiter ab – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Manuel Müller (25 May 2016). "Der (europäische) Föderalist: Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Mai 2016): EVP und S&D in freiem Fall". Foederalist.eu. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Nach Brüsseler Anschlägen: Rechtspopulismus in Europa erreicht Umfragehoch – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ a b Manuel Müller (7 February 2016). "Der (europäische) Föderalist: Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Februar 2016): Rechte weiter im Höhenflug, Sozialdemokraten auf neuem Tiefststand". Foederalist.eu. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ a b Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Umfragen: Europäische Sozialdemokratie in der Krise – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ a b Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Umfragen: Pro-europäische Verhofstadt-Allianz auf Rekordjagd – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ "Le Taurillon, magazine eurocitoyen". Treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ a b Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Umfragen: Liberaler Frühling in Europa – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Manuel Müller (14 December 2015). "Der (europäische) Föderalist: Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Dezember 2015): Große Koalition verliert, ALDE gewinnt". Foederalist.eu. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ a b Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Umfragen: Kein Zuwachs für Rechte durch Paris-Attentate – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ a b Tobias Gerhard Schminke (18 November 2015). "Gains for Cameron and ECR allies all over Europe – The New Federalist, webzine of the Young European Federalist". Thenewfederalist.eu. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ a b Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "AfD-Partner europaweit im Höhenflug – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Manuel Müller. "Der (europäische) Föderalist: Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Oktober 2015): Rechtes Rekordhoch in der Flüchtlingskrise". Foederalist.eu. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Manuel Müller. "Der (europäische) Föderalist: Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (August 2015): Umfragen in der Sommerpause". Foederalist.eu. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ a b Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "europeanmeter: Tsipras-Politik stoppt Aufstieg der europäischen Linken – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ "Der (europäische) Föderalist: Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre: Prognose für das Europäische Parlament (Juni 2015)". Foederalist.eu. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ a b Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Linke in Europa weiter stark – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Manuel Müller. "Der (europäische) Föderalist: Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre: Prognose für das Europäische Parlament (Mai 2015)". Foederalist.eu. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Manuel Müller. "Der (europäische) Föderalist: Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre: Prognose für das Europäische Parlament (März 2015)". Foederalist.eu. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Manuel Müller. "Der (europäische) Föderalist: Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre: Prognose für das Europäische Parlament (Januar 2015)". Foederalist.eu. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Manuel Müller (18 November 2014). "Der (europäische) Föderalist: Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre: Prognose für das Europäische Parlament (November 2014)". Foederalist.eu. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Manuel Müller (23 September 2014). "Der (europäische) Föderalist: Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre: Prognose für das Europäische Parlament (September 2014)". Foederalist.eu. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ "EU28, preliminary election result". Twitter. Retrieved 14 June 2019.
- ^ "EUROPEAN ELECTION PROJECTION". Europe Elects. Retrieved 10 April 2019.
- ^ "SPD droht Debakel bei Eurowahl - Union obenauf". Wahlkreisprognose. Archived from the original on 29 December 2018. Retrieved 30 December 2018.
- ^ a b c "Europe Elects on Twitter".
- ^ "Europe Elects on Twitter".
- ^ a b "Europe Elects on Twitter".
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Umfragen: Europa: Implosion der Rechten – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
- ^ Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Umfragen: TRUMP-EFFEKT? – ZUSTIMMUNG FÜR RECHTE IN EUROPA SINKT RASANT – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
- ^ Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Umfragen: Europas Rechte im Sinkflug – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
- ^ Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Umfragen: Umfragen: Das Ende der europäischen Sozialdemokratie? – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
- ^ Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Umfragen: Le-Pen-Allianz ENF startet stark ins Superwahljahr – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Der Anti-Trump-Effekt – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Umfrage: Rechtspopulisten in EU-Gründerstaaten stark – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ treffpunkteuropa.de. "Live-Ticker: Brexit-Referendum +++ Junge Wähler blieben zuhause – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ "Wahlen in Österreich: van der Bellen gewinnt – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Nach Brüsseler Anschlägen: Rechtspopulismus in Europa erreicht Umfragehoch – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Nach Köln-Übergriffen: Le-Pen-Allianz erstmals bei 7 Prozent – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Flüchtlingskrise erschüttert politische Stimmung in Europa – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Flüchtlingskrise: Rechte in Europa profitieren vorerst nicht – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Trotz Griechenland-Einigung: Etablierte Parteien in Europa schwächeln in Umfragen – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Instabile Rechtsfraktion im EU-Parlament – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Cameron-Alliierte europaweit im Höhenflug – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Europeanmeter: rechts gewinnt, links verliert – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ Tobias Gerhard Schminke. "Europeanmeter: Rekordzustimmung für Linke – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Tobias Gerhard Schminke (25 May 2014). "Nach Charlie Hebdo-Attentat: Rechtsruck in Europa bleibt aus – treffpunkteuropa.de | europäisch, politisch, kritisch". treffpunkteuropa.de. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ "Ursula von der Leyen elected European Commission president". POLITICO. 16 July 2019. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
- ^ "Election of the Commission". VoteWatch Europe. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
External links
[edit]
2019 European Parliament election at Wikipedia's sister projects
