2024 European Parliament election in Estonia
 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
All 7 Estonian seats to the European Parliament | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turnout | 37.66% ( 0.07pp) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Results by county and independent city | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.jpg)
.jpg)
An election for the Members of the European Parliament from Estonia as part of the 2024 European Parliament election took place on 9 June. Early voting took place from 3 June to 8 June.[1][2][3]
This was the first election since the 1993 Estonian municipal elections that neither the Reform Party, Centre Party nor the Conservative People's Party of Estonia have placed among the top 2 in terms of vote share. Significant attention was also paid to the vote share of Together, whose only candidate Aivo Peterson is and was in Tallinn Prison throughout the campaign due to an ongoing trial after being charged with treason.[4][5][6][7] His eventual vote share was considered by some to help measure pro-Kremlin attitudes in Estonia.[8]
Background
[edit]In March 2023 Estonia held its latest national election, and in that occasion the Reform Party managed to maintain its position as biggest party in parliament, while its leader and incumbent Prime Minister Kaja Kallas was reconfirmed in the office with the support of the Social Democratic Party and Estonia 200.
Reform Party
[edit]In recent months the party's performance in opinion polls has suffered significantly from the party's decision to back several tax increases unpopular with the economically liberal voter base as well as due to a scandal involving party leader Kaja Kallas. In August 2023, she came under the international spotlight after it was revealed that her husband held a significant share in a transportation company, Stark Logistics, which continued business with Russia despite Kallas's previous calls for Estonian companies to cease operations in Russia in the aftermath of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[9] Kallas tried to minimise the affair and ignored the calls for her resignation from her political opponents, calling the controversy a "witch-hunt".[10]
At the same time she has appeared in the news as a prominent figure of the Renew Europe group and therefore as one of the frontrunners to be ALDE's Spitzenkandidat for the European Commission's presidency. She has also been linked to the post of High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, whose current holder Josep Borrell will retire at the end of this mandate, or to the post of Estonia's European Commissioner, currently held by Kadri Simson (Centre Party).[11][12] On 7 March 2024, Kallas announced that she rejected the offer from ALDE to be the alliance's Spitzenkandidat.[13]
Incumbent MEP Andrus Ansip is not running for re-election.[14]
Social Democratic Party
[edit]Since the 2023 Riigikogu election, the Social Democrats have remained the only party in the government coalition to avoid losing support in polling. This has been attributed to the party members' public statements, especially those of the leader of the party Lauri Läänemets, setting the Social Democrats apart from the two economically liberal parties in the coalition. Moreover, the party gained MPs and members from the defections out of the Centre Party, including seeing its number of MPs increase from 9 to 13.[15][16]
Centre Party
[edit]In September 2023 Mihhail Kõlvart, then-mayor of Tallinn, won Centre Party's leadership election. His victory marked a significant change in the party's direction, choosing to focus more on its Russophone electoral base and shifting to socially conservative and economically syncretic positions, with the party becoming seen as one specifically of the niche Russian minority concentrated in the capital Tallinn and Ida-Viru County.[17][18][19] As a result, in the following months the previous party leader Jüri Ratas and several other party members defected to other political forces, leaving Centre Party with one third of its initial parliamentary representation (down to only 6 MPs) and with an increasingly weaker position in the most recent opinion polls.[20][21][22]
Isamaa
[edit]Since August 2023, Isamaa has seen its support rocket to unprecedented historic highs.[23][24] These gains in polling are mainly attributed to the party gaining 3 MPs and several other members defecting from the Centre Party, EKRE being seen as too extreme of an option as an alternative to the government coalition and the success of the newly elected party leader, Urmas Reinsalu, in attracting disgruntled Reform Party voters unhappy with its plans to raise taxes.[25][26][27]
Electoral system
[edit]Compared to last election, Estonia is entitled to one more MEP has already been assigned in 2020 in the occasion of the redistribution post Brexit. The 7 members are elected through open list proportional representation in a single nationwide constituency with seats allocated through D'Hondt method and no electoral threshold.[28]
Both Estonian citizens and other non-Estonian EU citizens residing in the country are entitled to vote in the European elections in Estonian. No registration is needed for Estonian citizens, while other EU citizens residing in Estonia are required to register with the National Electoral Committee only if it's their first time voting in the country. Estonian citizens residing abroad can choose between three options to vote: in person in an embassy or consulate, online or by mail, with only the latter procedure requiring registration. In addition, those eligible to vote must turn 18 years old by election day at the latest.[29]
Outgoing delegation
[edit]The table shows the detailed composition of the Estonian seats at the European Parliament as of 1 February 2024.
| EP Group | Seats | Party | Seats | MEPs | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Renew Europe | 3 / 7
|
Estonian Reform Party | 2 | |||
| Estonian Centre Party | 1 | |||||
| Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats | 2 / 7
|
Social Democratic Party | 2 | |||
| Identity and Democracy | 1 / 7
|
Conservative People's Party of Estonia | 1 | |||
| European People's Party | 1 / 7
|
Isamaa | 1 | |||
| Total | 7 | |||||
| Source: European Parliament | ||||||
Contesting parties
[edit]Candidates
[edit]The National Electoral Committee registered 66 candidates from 9 parties and 5 independents.[30]
Reform Party
[edit]- Urmas Paet, Member of the European Parliament (2014–present)
- Yoko Alender, Member of the Riigikogu (2015–present)
- Luukas Kristjan Ilves, Counsellor for Digital Affairs at the Estonia's Permanent Representation to the EU (2014–2018)
- Maria Jufereva-Skuratovski, Member of the Riigikogu (2019–present)
- Marko Mihkelson, Member of the Riigikogu (2003–present)
- Hanah Lahe, Member of the Riigikogu (2023–present)
- Karmen Joller, Member of the Riigikogu (2023–present)
- Maarja Metstak, Kuusalu Parish councillor (2021–present)
- Hanno Pevkur, Minister of Defence (2022–present)
Incumbent MEP Andrus Ansip is not running for re-election.
Social Democratic Party
[edit]- Marina Kaljurand, Member of the European Parliament (2019–present), independent candidate in the 2016 Estonian presidential election
- Sven Mikser, Member of the European Parliament (2019–present)
- Katri Raik, Mayor of Narva (2020–2023)
- Tanel Kiik, Minister of Health and Labour (2021–2022)
- Riina Sikkut, Minister of Health (2023–present)
- Ivari Padar, Member of the European Parliament (2009–2014, 2017–2019)
- Natalie Mets, Tallinn nightlife advisor (2021–present)
- Vootele Päi, advisor to the Minister of the Interior (2022–present)
- Jevgeni Ossinovski, Mayor of Tallinn (2024–present)
Centre Party
[edit]- Mihhail Kõlvart, Mayor of Tallinn (2019–2024)
- Andrei Korobeinik, Member of the Riigikogu (2011–2013, 2019–2022, 2023–present)
- Erki Savisaar, Member of the Riigikogu (2015–2023)
- Anneli Ott, Minister of Culture (2021)
- Janek Mäggi, Minister of Public Administration (2018–2019)
- Monika Haukanõmm, Member of the Riigikogu (2015–2019)
- Aivar Riisalu, Member of the Riigikogu (2007–2015)
- Jana Toom, Member of the European Parliament (2014–present)
- Lauri Laats, Member of the Riigikogu (2023–present)
Conservative People's Party
[edit]- Martin Helme, Minister of Finance (2019–2021)
- Anti Poolamets, Member of the Riigikogu (2019–present)
- Helle-Moonika Helme, Member of the Riigikogu (2019–present)
- Henn Põlluaas, Chairman of the Riigikogu (2019–2021)
- Siim Pohlak, Member of the Riigikogu (2019–present)
- Merle Kivest, Tartu city councillor (2021–present)
- Rain Epler, Minister of Environment (2020–2021)
- Arvo Aller, Minister of Rural Affairs (2019–2021)
- Jaak Madison, Member of the European Parliament (2019–present)
Isamaa
[edit]- Riho Terras, Member of the European Parliament (2020-present), Commander of the Estonian Defence Forces (2011–2018)
- Urmas Reinsalu, Minister of Foreign Affairs (2019–2021, 2022–2023)
- Urve Palo, Minister of Entrepreneurship (2015, 2016–2018)
- Riina Solman, Minister of Public Administration (2022–2023)
- Tõnis Lukas, Minister of Education and Research (1999–2002, 2007–2011, 2022–2023)
- Virve Linder, Mayor of Kohtla-Järve (2022–2023)
- Üllar Saaremäe, Member of the Riigikogu (2019–2023)
- Ahti Kallikorm, entrepreneur
- Jüri Ratas, Prime Minister of Estonia (2016–2021)
Estonia 200
[edit]- Margus Tsahkna, Minister of Foreign Affairs (2023–present)
- Kristina Kallas, Minister of Education and Research (2023–present)
- Grigore-Kalev Stoicescu, Member of the Riigikogu (2023–present)
- Liisa-Ly Pakosta, Member of the Riigikogu (2009–2015, 2023–present)
- Igor Taro, Member of the Riigikogu (2023–present)
- Irja Lutsar, Member of the Riigikogu (2023–present)
- Hendrik Johannes Terras, Member of the Riigikogu (2023–present)
- Kadri Tali, Member of the Riigikogu (2023–present)
- Indrek Tarand, Member of the European Parliament (2009–2019)
Greens
[edit]- Evelyn Sepp, Member of the Riigikogu (2001–2011)
- Rasmus Lahtvee
- Alina Lerner-Vilu
- Olev-Andres Tinn
- Riin Ehin
- Kaia Konsap
- Liina Freivald
- Tuula Raidna
- Marko Kaasik
Parempoolsed
[edit]- Lavly Perling, state prosecutor general (2014–2019)
- Rainer Saks, national security expert
- Ilmar Raag, columnist
- Annela Anger-Kraavi, climate expert
- Marti Aavik, journalist
- Eero Raun, entrepreneur
- Kadri Kullman, entrepreneur
- Andres Kaarmann, vice mayor of Saue Parish (2017–present)
- Kristjan Vanaselja, entrepreneur
Together
[edit]Others
[edit]- Vsevolod Jürgenson, taxi driver and activist
- Kalle Grünthal, Member of the Riigikogu (2019–present)
- Tanel Talve, Member of the Riigikogu (2015–2019)
- Andres Inn
- Mike Calamus
Party manifestos and slogans
[edit]| Party | EP Group | Slogan and manifesto (external link) | Other slogan(s) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reform Party | RE | A safe Estonia in Europe[31] (Estonian: Kindel Eesti Euroopas) | |||
| Social Democratic Party | S&D | Freedom, justice, security.[32] (Estonian: Vabadus, õiglus, julgeolek.) | A rock-solid choice![33] (Estonian: Kaljukindel valik!) | ||
| Centre Party | RE | Stand tall, Estonia![34] (Estonian: Selg sirgu, Eesti!) | |||
| Conservative People's Party | ID | For Estonia in Europe[35] (Estonian: Eesti eest Euroopas) | |||
| Isamaa | EPP | To the right path![36] (Estonian: Õigele teele!) | |||
| Estonia 200 | 
|
Yes-people to Europe[37] (Estonian: Jah-inimesed Euroopasse) | |||
| Greens |
|
||||
| Parempoolsed |
|
Let's defend freedom![38] (Estonian: Kaitseme vabadust!) | |||
| Together |
|
||||
Campaign
[edit]Controversies
[edit]Greens' candidate list
[edit]The Greens originally announced a full list of 9 candidates but only paid sufficient fee to register two, leading the National Electoral Committee to register only two candidates. The party disputed the decision and sued, and as a legal remedy, the Supreme Court required the National Electoral Committee to register all 9 candidates on 14 May 2024.[39] Several other parties expressed surprise and disagreement over the decision due to the Greens effectively being able to register all of its candidates without having paid the fee for 7 of them.[40]
Debates
[edit]| 2024 European Parliament election debates in Estonia | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date | Organisers | P Present N Non-invitee | ||||||||
| Reform | SDE | Centre | EKRE | Isamaa | E200 | EER | Parempoolsed | Refs | ||
| 25 April | Postimees | Hanah Lahe | Tanel Kiik | Lauri Laats | Helle-Moonika Helme | N | Irja Lutsar | N | Eero Raun | [41] |
| 11 April | Eesti Televisioon | P | P | P | P | P | N | N | N | [42] |
| 22 Feb | EGM ENF |
P | P | P | P | P | P | N | N | [43] |
Opinion polling
[edit]The tables below list opinion polling results in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The seats the result would produce is shown below the result for each party.
| Polling execution | Parties | Lead | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Polling
firm |
Fieldwork
date |
Sample
size |
 Reform Renew
|
 SDE |
 Centre |
 EKRE ID |
 Isamaa EPP |
|
EER G/EFA | 
|
Others | Party | EP group | |||
| Norstat | 8–20 May 2024 | 1,471 | 19.1 1 |
19.3 2 |
11.5 1 |
14.2 1 |
21.3 2 |
3.8 0 |
0.9 0 |
4.3 0 |
2.9 0 |
2.7 0 |
2.0 | 4.6 | ||
| Kantar Emor | 6–15 May 2024 | 1,471 | 17.2 2 |
23.6 2 |
11.0 1 |
13.6 1 |
14.0 1 |
4.1 0 |
0.9 0 |
7.2 0 |
3.1 0 |
5.4 0 |
6.4 | 9.3 | ||
| Norstat | 29 Apr–6 May 2024 | 1,484 | 19.3 2 |
21.4 2 |
9.4 1 |
17.9 1 |
17.1 1 |
3.9 0 |
0.9 0 |
4.5 0 |
3.0 0 |
2.7 0 |
2.1 | 7.3 | ||
| Kantar Emor | 8-17 Apr 2024 | 1,484 | 18.8 2 |
20 2 |
13.8 1 |
13.8 1 |
16.8 1 |
4.7 0 |
1.5 0 |
6 0 |
— | 4.5 0 |
1.2 | 12.6 | ||
| Norstat | 11-15 Apr 2024 | 3,500 | 20.1 2 |
22.0 2 |
11.0 1 |
17.2 1 |
17.6 1 |
5.0 0 |
1.2 0 |
4.7 0 |
— | 1.2 0 |
1.9 | 9.1 | ||
| Kantar Emor | 14-20 Mar 2024 | 1,135 | 18.9 2 |
21.4 2 |
13.9 1 |
15.4 1 |
16.7 1 |
5.6 0 |
—[a] | 5.9 0 |
— | 2.1 0 |
2.5 | 11.4 | ||
| 2023 parliamentary election | 31.2 3 |
9.3 1 |
15.3 1 |
16.1 1 |
8.2 0 |
13.3 1 |
1.0 0 |
2.3 0 |
— | 3.3 0 |
15.1 | 30.4 | ||||
| 2019 EP election | 26.2 2 |
23.3 2 |
14.4 1 |
12.7 1 |
10.3 1 |
3.2 0 |
1.8 0 |
— | — | 8.0 0 |
2.9 | 17.3 | ||||
European Parliament polling in Estonia is candidate-oriented as opposed to party-oriented due to the short length of the electoral lists.[44][45]
Results
[edit]| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isamaa | 79,170 | 21.51 | 2 | +1 | |
| Social Democratic Party | 71,171 | 19.33 | 2 | 0 | |
| Estonian Reform Party | 66,017 | 17.93 | 1 | –1 | |
| Conservative People's Party of Estonia | 54,712 | 14.86 | 1 | 0 | |
| Estonian Centre Party | 45,767 | 12.43 | 1 | 0 | |
| Parempoolsed | 25,189 | 6.84 | 0 | New | |
| Together | 11,507 | 3.13 | 0 | New | |
| Estonia 200 | 9,584 | 2.60 | 0 | 0 | |
| Estonian Greens | 2,246 | 0.61 | 0 | 0 | |
| Independents | 2,763 | 0.75 | 0 | 0 | |
| Total | 368,126 | 100.00 | 7 | 0 | |
| Valid votes | 368,126 | 99.74 | |||
| Invalid/blank votes | 950 | 0.26 | |||
| Total votes | 369,076 | 100.00 | |||
| Registered voters/turnout | 980,014 | 37.66 | |||
| Source: VVK | |||||
Notes
[edit]- ^ Included under Others.
References
[edit]- ^ ERR, ERR | (17 May 2023). "European Parliament elections scheduled for June 2024". ERR. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
- ^ "| Valimised Eestis". www.valimised.ee. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
- ^ "president.ee". president.ee. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
- ^ "JUHTKIRI ⟩ Valitsusparteid vajavad Ida-Virumaal häälteikaldustoetust". Põhjarannik (in Estonian). 11 June 2024. Retrieved 11 June 2024.
- ^ "JUHTKIRI ⟩ Keskel läks kitsamaks". Sakala (in Estonian). 11 June 2024. Retrieved 11 June 2024.
- ^ "ANALÜÜS ⟩ Isamaa võitis, Reformierakond kaotas, Keskerakond pääses". Postimees (in Estonian). 10 June 2024. Retrieved 11 June 2024.
- ^ ERR, Urmet Kook | (10 June 2024). "Euroopa Parlamendi valimised Eestis võitis Isamaa". ERR (in Estonian). Retrieved 11 June 2024.
- ^ ERR, Erik Gamzejev, ajalehe Põhjarannik peatoimetaja | (5 June 2024). "Erik Gamzejev: Aivo Petersoni häältesaak mõõdab Kremli-meelsete osakaalu". ERR (in Estonian). Retrieved 11 June 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Milne, Richard (24 August 2023). "Financial Times: Estonian PM Kaja Kallas urged to clarify husband's Russian business ties". Financial Times. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
- ^ Musaddique, Shafi (13 September 2023). "'Witch-hunt': Estonian prime minister defends husband's Russian business links". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
- ^ "Daily: Kaja Kallas faces dilemma ahead of European Parliament election". ERR News. 16 February 2024. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ Ots, Mait (17 February 2024). "There are still several turning points on Kallas' road to Brussels". ERR News. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ ERR (7 March 2024). "Kallas: ma ei hakka ALDE esikandidaadiks Euroopa Parlamendi valimistel". ERR (in Estonian). Retrieved 8 March 2024.
- ^ ERR (24 March 2024). "Ansip teatas, et loobub Euroopa Parlamenti kandideerimisest". ERR (in Estonian). Retrieved 6 April 2024.
- ^ ERR, ERR | (20 October 2023). "Party ratings expert: The situation is revolutionary". ERR. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ ERR, ERR | (7 February 2024). "Ratings: Support equalizes for Reform Party and SDE". ERR. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ Kramer, Samuel (10 October 2023). "Doubling Down: Estonia's Center Party Gamble on Mihail Kõlvart". Foreign Policy Research Institute. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ "JUHTKIRI ⟩ Kõlvarti tragöödia". Arvamus (in Estonian). 4 January 2024. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ ERR, Anne Raiste | (7 January 2024). "Saarts: lahkumiste laine võib Keskerakonna marginaliseerida". ERR (in Estonian). Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ Bartosz, Chmielewski (8 February 2024). "The gradual break-up of the Estonian Centre Party". Center for Eastern Studies. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ ERR (5 January 2024). "Keskerakonnast lahkus kuus riigikogu liiget". ERR (in Estonian). Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ ERR (29 January 2024). "Jüri Ratas lahkus Keskerakonnast ja liitub Isamaaga". ERR (in Estonian). Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ ERR, ERR | (21 February 2024). "Ratings: Isamaa's support rises further still". ERR. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ ERR, Urmet Kook | (16 February 2024). "Kantar Emor ratings: Isamaa support reaches historic high, Center Party's slump continues". ERR. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ ERR, ERR | (20 October 2023). "Party ratings expert: The situation is revolutionary". ERR. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ ERR, ERR | (16 February 2024). "Ratings special: Jüri Ratas has been a boost to Isamaa". ERR. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ Saarts, Tõnis (26 November 2023). "Tõnis Saarts: The EKRE triumph that never happened". ERR. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ Oelbermann, Kai Friederike; Pukelsheim, Friedrich (July 2020). "The European Elections of May 2019" (PDF). europarl.europa.eu. p. 14.
- ^ "How to vote in Latvia". European Parliament. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
- ^ "Kandidaadid". ep2024.valimised.ee. Retrieved 6 May 2024.
- ^ "Reformierakond läheb eurovalimistele sõnumiga «Kindel Eesti Euroopas!»". Postimees (in Estonian). 7 April 2024. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
- ^ ERR (15 March 2024). "SDE valis juhid ja kinnitas europarlamendi valimisnimekirja". ERR (in Estonian). Retrieved 16 March 2024.
- ^ "Marina Kaljurand". Sotsiaaldemokraadid (in Estonian). Retrieved 10 April 2024.
- ^ "FOTOD ⟩ Keskerakonna esinumber europarlamendi valimistel on Mihhail Kõlvart". Postimees (in Estonian). 6 April 2024. Retrieved 6 April 2024.
- ^ ERR (23 March 2024). "Galerii: EKRE esinumber europarlamendi valimistel on Martin Helme". ERR (in Estonian). Retrieved 23 March 2024.
- ^ ERR (24 March 2024). "Isamaa eurovalimiste nimekirja esinumber on Terras, ankrumees Ratas". ERR (in Estonian). Retrieved 24 March 2024.
- ^ ERR (19 April 2024). "Fotod: Eesti 200 andis üle oma valimisnimekirja". ERR (in Estonian). Retrieved 20 April 2024.
- ^ "Programm". Parempoolsed (in Estonian). Retrieved 13 April 2024.
- ^ ERR (14 May 2024). "Riigikohus lubab kõik Roheliste kandidaadid europarlamendi valimistele registreerida". ERR (in Estonian). Retrieved 15 May 2024.
- ^ "Riigikohtu otsus valimiskautsjoni asjus üllatas erakondade esimehi". Postimees (in Estonian). 15 May 2024. Retrieved 15 May 2024.
- ^ "POSTIMEHE EURODEBATT 2024 ⟩ Kas Euroopa Liit ikka peab õigusriigi teemadel järeleandmisi tegema?". Postimees TV (in Estonian). 23 April 2024. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
- ^ ERR (10 April 2024). "Eurosaadikud: EL peab Ukraina toetamisel ja enda kaitse tugevdamisel julgem olema". ERR (in Estonian). Retrieved 10 April 2024.
- ^ "OTSE | Mida arvavad erakonnad Euroopa roheleppest?". Roheportaal (in Estonian). Retrieved 10 April 2024.
- ^ Jakobson, Mari-Liis (22 April 2024). "Mari-Liis Jakobson: erakonnad on valimisteks valmis. Aga valijad?". ERR (in Estonian). Retrieved 22 April 2024.
- ^ "Politoloog: Ansipi otsus võib maksta Reformierakonnale mandaadi". Delfi (in Estonian). Retrieved 22 April 2024.
