China Democratic Socialist Party
China Democratic Socialist Party 中國民主社會黨 | |
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| Founder | Carsun Chang |
| Founded | 15 August 1946 |
| Dissolved | 29 April 2020 |
| Merger of | Chinese National Socialist Party Democratic Constitutionalist Party |
| Ideology | Democratic socialism |
| Political position | Centre-left |
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The China Democratic Socialist Party (CDSP; Chinese: 中國民主社會黨; pinyin: Zhōngguó mínzhǔ shèhuìdǎng) was a Chinese political party founded in Shanghai on 14 August 1946. It was formed through the merger of the former Chinese National Socialist Party (Chinese: 中國國家社會黨) and the Democratic Constitutionalist Party (Chinese: 民主憲政黨). The inaugural leader of the party was Carsun Chang.[1] Along with the Kuomintang, the Young China Party and China Democratic League, it was one of the longest active political parties in both Nationalist China and in post-civil war rump Republic of China in Taiwan.
Ideology
[edit]The CDSP's platform was to promote democratic socialism in China, world peace, individual freedoms, economic development, a narrowing of the gap between rich and poor, and equal rights for women. The party also sought the implementation of a social welfare system for public health and social security.
History
[edit]Both the Socialists and the Democratic Constitutionalists had strong ties to Liang Qichao's defunct Progressive Party. The former were based in China as part of the China Democratic League while the latter was made up of overseas Chinese and expatriates. Most of their members were middle-age to elderly. They never actively recruited and most of their members were friends or relatives of each other. Their small numbers meant they lacked influence but also allowed them to operate under the radar of the Kuomintang and prevent infiltration by other parties.
After the promulgation of the Republic of China's constitution in January 1947, the CDSP established branches in several provinces and cities around China and participated in the first elections to the National Assembly, Legislative Yuan and Control Yuan. The party also postulated Hsu Fu-lin as candidate for vice-president in the First National Assembly of 1948 in Nanking.
After the ROC Government's retreat from mainland China, key members, including elected representatives and party leaders, followed the Kuomintang to Taiwan. Carsun Chang moved to the United States and was replaced as party head by Hsu Fu-lin until Hsu's death in 1958. Chang was elected party chairman by a national congress of the CDSP held in 1959.
The CDSP, along with the Young China Party, was one of two authorized opposition parties in the Republic of China during the imposition of Martial Law by ruling Kuomintang.[2] The party held a small number of seats in the National Assembly, Legislative Yuan and Control Yuan, regarded as having little influence. The party failed to gain elected representation after Taiwan's democratic transition in the 1990s.[3]
On 29 April 2020, the party was disbanded by the Ministry of the Interior due to a failure to re-register after changes in the law regarding political parties.[4]
Electoral performances
[edit]The party did not contest in elections after 1992.
Presidential elections
[edit]| Election | Candidate | Running mate | Total votes | Share of votes | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1954 | Hsu Fu-lin | Shih Chih-chuan | 48 | 3.09% | Defeated |
Legislative elections
[edit]| Election | Total seats won | Total votes | Share of votes | Changes | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1948 | 17 / 759
|
? | ? | Minority | |
| 1969 | 0 / 11
|
did not contest | Minority | ||
| 1972 | 0 / 51
|
did not contest | Minority | ||
| 1975 | 0 / 52
|
did not contest | Minority | ||
| 1980 | 0 / 97
|
5,816 | 0.09% | Minority | |
| 1983 | 1 / 98
|
2,154 | 0.03% | Minority | |
| 1986 | 1 / 100
|
? | ? | Minority | |
| 1989 | 0 / 130
|
? | ? | Minority | |
| 1992 | 0 / 161
|
418 | 0.00% | Minority | |
National Assembly elections
[edit]| Election | Total seats won | Total votes | Share of votes | Changes | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1947 | 68 / 3,045
|
? | ? | Minority | |
| 1969 | 0 / 84
|
? | ? | Minority | |
| 1972 | 0 / 53
|
? | ? | Minority | |
| 1980 | 1 / 76
|
? | ? | Minority | |
| 1986 | 1 / 84
|
? | ? | Minority | |
| 1991 | 0 / 130
|
1,125 | 0.01% | Minority |
References
[edit]- ^ "Taiwan | Minor Parties | Trade Bridge Consultants". tradebridgeconsultants.com. Archived from the original on 13 June 2018. Retrieved 22 December 2018.
- ^ "再見，民社黨…". 中國青年黨全球資訊網 (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Retrieved 15 January 2023.
- ^ 塗柏鏗 (4 May 2020). "民進黨給了最後一擊 曾參與國共談判的「民社黨」正式消亡". 香港01 (in Chinese (Hong Kong)). Retrieved 15 January 2023.
- ^ "樹黨等171政黨遭廢止備案 內政部寄出公文 | 政治 | 重點新聞 | 中央社 CNA". www.cna.com.tw (in Chinese). Retrieved 5 June 2020.
| Nationally represented (Legislative Yuan seats) |
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| Locally represented | ||
| Other parties | ||
| National People's Congress |
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| Banned | |
| Overseas | |
| Historical |
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- 1946 establishments in China
- 2020 disestablishments in China
- Defunct political parties in Taiwan
- Defunct political parties in China
- Democratic socialism in China
- Democratic socialist parties in Asia
- Political parties established in 1946
- Political parties in the Republic of China
- Socialist parties in China
- Socialist parties in Taiwan