Apollo 11 goodwill messages
The Apollo 11 goodwill messages are statements from leaders of 73 countries around the world on a disc about the size of a 50-cent piece made of silicon that was left on the Moon in 1969 by the Apollo 11 astronauts.
The disc also carried names of the leadership of the Congress, the four committees of the House and Senate responsible for legislation related to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and NASA's top management, including past administrators and deputy administrators.
At the top of the disc is the inscription: "Goodwill messages from around the world brought to the Moon by the astronauts of Apollo 11." Around the rim is the statement: "From Planet Earth – July 1969". The collected letters were given to the GCA Corp in Burlington MA which used a reduction camera to make a negative photomask containing all the letters plus an inscription around its edge at its final size. This mask was given to Sprague Electric Company of North Adams, Massachusetts which imaged it onto a silicon wafer and etched the pattern into the wafer. NASA head Thomas O. Paine proposed the idea to the U.S. State Department, and corresponded with world leaders to solicit their messages. These were enshrined by being photographed and reduced to 1/200 scale ultra microfiche silicon etching. The disc rests in an aluminum case on the Moon's Sea of Tranquility.[1]
The disc was in a package in Buzz Aldrin's suit shoulder pocket along with some other memorial items. He was reminded about the package by Neil Armstrong while ascending the ladder of the Lunar Module Eagle to finish their EVA. He then dropped it to the surface.[2] Later Houston requested and received confirmation they had placed it.[3]
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Countries represented in the messages
[edit]- ^ The U.S. maintained relations with the Republic of China as "China" instead of the People's Republic of China.
- ^ a b The US government did not recognize the Soviet annexation of the Baltic states.
- ^ Regent for King Constantine II
- ^ Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah was Yang di-Pertuan Agong and Tunku Abdul Rahman was Prime Minister of Malaysia at the time.
- ^ Ibrahim Nasir was President of the Maldives at the time.
- ^ Bhumibol Adulyadej was King of Thailand and Thanom Kittikachorn was Prime Minister of Thailand at the time.
- ^ Also as Queen of Australia, Barbados, Canada, Ceylon, Fiji, the Gambia, Guyana, Jamaica, Malta, Mauritius, New Zealand, Rhodesia, Sierra Leone and Trinidad and Tobago.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Apollo 11 Goodwill Messages" (PDF). NASA. July 13, 1969. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 19, 2022. Retrieved June 12, 2024.
- ^ Jones, Eric M. (November 12, 2017). "Apollo 11 Surface Journal:EASEP Deployment and Closeout". NASA. Event occurs at 111:36:38. Retrieved July 8, 2019.
- ^ Jones, Eric M. (October 28, 2017). "Apollo 11 Surface Journal:Trying to Rest". NASA. Event occurs at 114:52:28. Retrieved July 8, 2019.
- ^ Rahman, Tahir (2008). We came in peace for all mankind : the untold story of the Apollo 11 silicon disk (1st ed.). Overland Park, Kan.: Leathers Pub. ISBN 9781585974412.
External links
[edit]- Goodwill Messages at NASA
- Lunar Litter: A short film about things left behind on crewed Moon missions, includes the goodwill message disc
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