1886 in animation
Events in 1886 in animation.
Events
[edit]- Specific date unknown:
- Henri Rivière created a form of shadow theatre at the Chat Noir under the name "ombres chinoises". This was a notable success, lasting for a decade until the cafe closed in 1897. He used back-lit zinc cut-out figures which appeared as silhouettes. Rivière was soon joined by Caran d'Ache and other artists, initially performing d'Ache's drama L’Epopee. From 1886 to 1896, Rivière created 43 shadow plays on a great variety of subjects from myth, history and the Bible. He collaborated with many different artists and writers, but made the illustrations for only 9 of the productions himself. He concentrated on improving the technical aspects of the production by using enamelling and lighting to create extremely delicate effects of light and colour.[1] The Ombres evolved into numerous theatrical productions and had a major influence on phantasmagoria.[2] The technique is considered a precursor to silhouette animation.[3]
- In 1886, Ottomar Anschütz developed the Electrotachyscope, an early device that displayed short motion picture loops with 24 glass plate photographs on a 1.5 meter wide rotating wheel that was hand-cranked to the speed of circa 30 frames per second. Different versions were shown at many international exhibitions, fairs, conventions and arcades from 1887 until at least 1894. [4][5]
Births
[edit]February
[edit]- February 8: Charlie Ruggles, American actor (voice of Benjamin Franklin in Ben and Me, Aesop in the Aesop and Son segments in The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends), (d. 1970).[6][7]
March
[edit]- March 2: Willis H. O'Brien, American special effects artist and animator (The Lost World, King Kong, The Son of Kong, Mighty Joe Young, The Black Scorpion, The Giant Behemoth), (d. 1962).[8][9][10][11]
- March 6: Jam Handy, American film producer (A Case of Spring Fever), (d. 1983).
- March 12: Kay Nielsen, Danish-American painter, illustrator and animator (Fantasia, Sleeping Beauty, The Little Mermaid), (d. 1957).[12][13][14][15]
- March 18: Edward Everett Horton, American character actor (narrator of Fractured Fairy Tales in The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends), (d. 1970).[16][17][18][19][20][21]
April
[edit]- April 13: Christian Rub, Austrian-American actor (voice of Geppetto in Pinocchio), (d. 1956).[citation needed]
June
[edit]- June 10: Sessue Hayakawa, Japanese actor (voice of the Mole in The Daydreamer), (d. 1973).[22][23][24][25][26]
July
[edit]- July 6: Lou Skuce, Canadian cartoonist, illustrator and animator (animator for the animation studio Bray Productions), (d. 1951).[27][28][29]
- July 31: Fred Quimby, American animation producer and journalist (Tom and Jerry), (d. 1965).[30][31][32][33]
August
[edit]- August 31: Frank Marsales, Canadian composer (Warner Bros. Cartoons, Walter Lantz Studios), (d. 1975).[34][35][36][37][citation needed]
September
[edit]- September 15: Jun'ichi Kōuchi, Japanese animator, and producer considered one of the fathers of anime (Namakura Gatana), (d. 1970).[38][39][40]
October
[edit]- October 17: Spring Byington, American actress (model for Merryweather in Sleeping Beauty), (d. 1971).[41][42][43][44]
November
[edit]- November 9: Ed Wynn, American actor and comedian (voice of the Mad Hatter in Alice in Wonderland), (d. 1966).[45][46][47][48]
- November 27: John Foster, American animator and film director (International Film Service, Van Beuren Studios, Terrytoons), (d. 1959).[49][50][51]
December
[edit]- December 14: Frederick Worlock, British-American actor (voice of Horace and Inspector Craven in 101 Dalmatians), (d. 1973).[52]
Date unknown
[edit]- Frank Moser, American animation director and illustrator (co-founder of the animation studio Terrytoons, served as Terrytoons' most prolific animator), (d. 1964).[53]
References
[edit]- ^ Catalogue, Henri Rivière: The Thirty-Six Views of the Eiffel Tower (1888-1902), Watermarks Gallery, Pittsboro, NC, 1995.
- ^ Phillip Dennis Cate and Mary Shaw (eds), The Spirit of Montmartre: Cabarets, Humor and the Avant-Garde, 1875-1905, Rutgers University Press, 1996, pp.55-58 excerpted on line as Henri Riviere: Le Chat noir and 'Shadow Theatre'.
- ^ Jouvanceau, Pierre (2004). The Silhouette Film. Pagine di Chiavari. trans. Kitson. Genoa: Le Mani. ISBN 88-8012-299-1.
- ^ Rossell, Deac. "The Anschuetz Zoetropes".
- ^ "Ottomar Anschütz, Elektrischer Schnellseher, Kino, Vorführgerät,Reihenaufnahmen, lebende Bilder, lebende Photographien, Geißlerische Röhre". www.ottomar-anschuetz.de. Retrieved 2020-04-19.
- ^ "Archives: Story". Filmsofthegoldenage.com. 29 April 2008. Retrieved December 28, 2015.
- ^ "Eugene Register-Guard - Google News Archive Search". Retrieved December 28, 2015.
- ^ Priebe 2006, p. 40.
- ^ Harryhausen & Dalton 2008, pp. 96, 99.
- ^ Nichols, Kelii (December 15, 2005). "O'BRIEN, Willis – Cartoon Hall of Fame". ASIFA-Hollywood. Retrieved February 2, 2012.
- ^ Kinnard, Roy (1988). Beasts and Behemoths: Prehistoric Creatures in the Movies. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-2062-3.
- ^ David Larkin, ed. (1977). The unknown paintings of Kay Nielsen. Peacock Press/Bantam Book. ISBN 9780553010725. Retrieved 17 January 2012.
- ^ Johnston, Ollie; Thomas, Frank (1981). The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation (1st ed.). Walt Disney Productions. p. 139. ISBN 0-7868-6070-7.
- ^ Haase, Donald, ed. (2008). The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Fairy Tales & Folk Tales. Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Greenwood Press. p. 678. ISBN 978-0-313-33443-6.
- ^ U. of Pittsburgh, The Illustrators Project Archived 2012-01-06 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Actor Edward Everett Horton Dies at 84". Dayton Beach Morning Journal. October 1, 1970.
- ^ Desowitz, Bill (August 27, 1999). "Something 'Fractured,' Something New". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 6, 2013.
- ^ Keith Scott (April 8, 2014). The Moose That Roared: The Story of Jay Ward, Bill Scott, a Flying Squirrel, and a Talking Moose. St. Martin's Press. pp. 173–. ISBN 978-1-4668-6743-7.
- ^ Wilson, Scott (August 19, 2016). Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons, 3d ed. McFarland. p. 353. ISBN 978-1-4766-2599-7. Retrieved October 27, 2023.
- ^ "Edward Everett Horton's Encino Ranch Estate and the 101 Freeway; How A Celebrity Lost His Ranch to Suburbanization". San Fernando Valley Blog. 4 April 2012. Retrieved 2013-09-06.
- ^ "Edward Everett Horton".
- ^ Miyao, Daisuke (2007). Sessue Hayakawa: Silent Cinema and Transnational Stardom. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0-8223-3969-4. OCLC 470908395.
- ^ Kizirian, Shari. The Dragon Painter Archived 2020-01-31 at the Wayback Machine. Silent Film Festival.
- ^ Perpetually Cool: The Many Lives of Anna May Wong (1905-1961). p. 179.
- ^ Screen World Presents the Encyclopedia of Hollywood Film Actors: From the silent era to 1965, Volume 1. p. 318.
- ^ "Bridge commander dies of pneumonia". Playground Daily News. Fort Walton Beach, Florida. 1973-11-25. p. 8. Retrieved 2014-12-10 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Thomas L Skuce: Vermont, St. Albans Canadian Border Crossings". familysearch.org. December 27, 1925. Retrieved June 2, 2016.
- ^ Tobias 2016.
- ^ "Lou Skuce, Cartoonist was Noted Entertainer". The Globe and Mail. November 21, 1951.
- ^ Susanin, Timothy S. (2011). Walt Before Mickey: Disney's Early Years, 1919–1928. University Press of Mississippi. p. 290. ISBN 978-1604739602.
- ^ Barbera, Joseph (1994). My Life in "Toons": From Flatbush to Bedrock in Under a Century. Atlanta, GA: Turner Publishing. ISBN 1-57036-042-1.
- ^ "Lafn.org". www.lafn.org. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
- ^ Wilson, Scott (August 22, 2016). Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons, 3d ed. McFarland. ISBN 9780786479924. Retrieved June 29, 2021 – via Google Books.
- ^ Frank Marsales Archived 13 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine webpage of the Toonzone Archived 1 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine website
- ^ Warner Bros. Cartoon Filmography Archived 30 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine webpage (with screenshots of actual credits) of the Warner Bros. Cartoons Filmography And Title Card Gallery Archived 4 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine website
- ^ Goldmark, Daniel (2005) "Tunes for 'Toons: Music and the Hollywood Cartoon" University of California Press, ISBN 0-520-23617-3, page 179
- ^ The Walter Lantz Cartune Encyclopedia: 1940 Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine webpage of the Walter Lantz Cartune Encyclopedia Archived 19 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine website
- ^ Frederick S. Litten. "Some remarks on the first Japanese animation films in 1917" (PDF). Retrieved 11 June 2014.
- ^ Reporting by Linda Sieg (27 March 2008). "Japan finds films by early "anime" pioneers". reuters.com. Retrieved 11 June 2014.
- ^ Japanese Animated Film Classics. "Junichi Kouchi". animation.filmarchives.jp. Retrieved 2020-08-22.
- ^ "Hollywood Star Walk: Spring Byington". Los Angeles Times. September 8, 1971. Retrieved June 11, 2012.
- ^ "Actress Spring Byington Dies". The Age. 1971-09-09. p. 6. Retrieved 26 November 2012.
- ^ Tucker, David C. (2007). The Women Who Made Television Funny: Ten Stars of 1950s Sitcoms. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc.
- ^ "Hollywood Walk of Fame - Spring Byington". walkoffame.com. Hollywood Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved December 28, 2017.
- ^ Neill, Wilfred T. (January 2, 1979). "Famed comedian Ed Wynn once owned theater in New Port Richey". St. Petersburg Times. Retrieved September 19, 2008.
- ^ Fahr, Tyler; Seastrom, Lucas O. (January 19, 2017). "Celebrating Ed Wynn: Walt Disney's Partner in Laughter". Walt Disney Family Museum. Archived from the original on August 20, 2023. Retrieved November 7, 2023.
- ^ "Ed Wynn Biography". Turner Classic Movies. Archived from the original on March 31, 2019.
- ^ Brigante, Ricky (July 13, 2013). "Steve Jobs, Dick Clark, Billy Crystal, John Goodman among Disney Legends Awards recipients announced for 2013 D23 Expo". Inside the Magic. Retrieved February 24, 2022.
- ^ "Early NY Animator Profiles: John Foster |".
- ^ Lenburg, Jeff (1999). The Encyclopedia of Animated Cartoons. Checkmark Books. pp. 18–20. ISBN 0-8160-3831-7. Retrieved June 6, 2020.
- ^ Grob, Gijs (2018). "Steamboat Willie". Mickey's Movies: The Theatrical Films of Mickey Mouse. Theme Park Press. ISBN 978-1683901235.
- ^ "Frederic Worlock, Actor". University of Bristol Theatre Collection. Retrieved 2018-05-08.
- ^ "FRANK MOSER DEAD (Published 1964)". The New York Times. 2 October 1964. Archived from the original on 2023-01-07.
Sources
[edit]- Harryhausen, Ray; Dalton, Tony (2008). A Century of Model Animation: From Méliès to Aardman. Aurum Press. ISBN 978-0-8230-9980-1.
- Priebe, Ken A. (2006). The Art of Stop-Motion Animation. Thompson Course Technology. ISBN 1-59863-244-2.
- Tobias, Conan (May 13, 2016). "Lou Skuce: The greatest cartoonist you've never heard of". The Globe and Mail. (excerpt from Tobias, Conan (2016). "Canada's Greatest Cartoonist: Lou Skuce's charmed and versatile career". Taddle Creek. 19 (2).)