Wikipedia:Today's featured list/August 2022
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August 1
On 3 September 1939, at the start of the Second World War, the United Kingdom had 2 armoured, 24 infantry, and 7 anti-aircraft divisions. A division was a self-contained formation that possessed all the required forces for combat, which was supplemented by its own artillery, engineers, communications and supply units. In September, the British Army stated that 55 divisions (a mix of armoured, infantry and cavalry) would be raised to combat Germany. The UK would provide 32 of these formations and the remainder would be raised by the Dominions and India. In 1941, this goal was adjusted to 57 divisions, with the UK to provide 36. By the end of 1941, the UK had met its quota. During the war, 85 divisional formations were raised but did not all exist simultaneously and not all of them were combat formations. The 85 divisional formations included 2 airborne, 12 anti-aircraft, 11 armoured, 1 cavalry, 10 coastal defence (known as County Divisions) and 49 infantry divisions. At the end of the war, in 1945, the British Army had 24 divisions. (Full list...)
August 5
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The Gabor Medal is one of the medals awarded by the Royal Society for "acknowledged distinction of interdisciplinary work between the life sciences with other disciplines". The medal was created in 1989 to honor the memory of physicist Dennis Gabor, and was originally awarded every two years. Initially awarded for "acknowledged distinction of work in the life sciences, particularly in the fields of genetic engineering and molecular biology", the criteria for the awarding of the medal were later changed to the current definition. It is made of silver. The medal is targeted at "emerging early to mid career stage scientist[s]" and is accompanied by a £2000 prize since 2017. Before that, it accompanied a prize of £1000. From 2017 it has been awarded annually. The Gabor Medal was first awarded in 1989 to Noreen Murray (pictured) for her pioneering work in genetic engineering. As of February 2022, the most recent recipient of the Gabor Medal is Peter Donnelly. (Full list...)
August 8
The World Championship Wrestling Hall of Fame was a hall of fame in American professional wrestling maintained by World Championship Wrestling (WCW). It was established in 1993 to honor wrestlers who began their careers long before the 1990s, mostly alumni of the National Wrestling Alliance and Jim Crockett Promotions, the predecessors of WCW. Inductees received commemorative plaques that had their names and portraits inscribed on them. Wrestlers were inducted by Gordon Solie, a senior commentator in professional wrestling, and received their plaque during the "Legends Reunion" segment at WCW's May pay-per-view event, Slamboree. The first Hall of Fame ceremony was held on May 23, 1993, at Slamboree 1993 at the Omni in Atlanta, Georgia. The first wrestler inducted was Lou Thesz (pictured), along with Verne Gagne and Mr. Wrestling II. There were a total of 17 inductees before WCW stopped the production of the Hall of Fame without a formal announcement after the 1995 ceremony. (Full list...)
August 12
There are 349 extant species, grouped into 131 genera, in Artiodactyla, an order of placental mammals consisting of even-toed ungulates – hooved animals which bear weight equally on two of their five toes with the other toes either present, absent, vestigial, or pointing posteriorly – as well as their descendants, the aquatic cetaceans. Members of this order are called artiodactyls. The order is sometimes named Cetartiodactyla, in reference to the inclusion of cetaceans in the order beginning in the 1990s. Artiodactyls live on every major landmass and throughout the oceans and in a variety of habitats, including forests, grasslands, and deserts. Artiodactyla is divided into four suborders: Ruminantia, Suina, Tylopoda, and Whippomorpha. The suborders are further subdivided into clades and families. Several artiodactyls have gone extinct in recent times, while some domesticated species, including cattle, goats, sheep, and pigs, have a worldwide distribution with population counts of greater than one billion. (Full list...)
August 15
Germany has submitted films for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film since the creation of the award in 1956. The Academy Award for Best International Feature Film is handed out annually by the U.S.-based Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to a feature-length motion picture produced outside the United States that contains primarily non-English dialogue. Because of Germany's status as a divided country throughout much of the second half of the 20th century, West Germany and East Germany competed separately in the Best Foreign Language Film category until 1990. With eight nominations and one win, West Germany was far more successful than East Germany, whose only nomination was received in 1976 for Jacob the Liar, a film that the Moscow International Film Festival had refused to screen. West Germany received several nominations during the 1970s, culminating with The Tin Drum (director pictured) winning in 1979. Since reunification in 1990, Germany has secured two wins and ten nominations. The two German films that received the award since reunification are The Lives of Others (2006) by Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck and Nowhere in Africa (2001) by Caroline Link. (Full list...)
August 19
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The discography of mewithoutYou, an American rock band, includes seven studio albums, a live album, and seven extended plays. The band was formed in 2001 as a side project to The Operation, an alternative band active from 1999 to 2001 that shared most of its members with mewithoutYou. The first undisputed release by the band was I Never Said That I Was Brave which was released on Kickstart Audio in 2001. Over the next year, the band signed to Tooth & Nail Records and released their debut album, [A→B] Life. Brother, Sister and It's All Crazy! It's All False! It's All a Dream! It's Alright, mewithoutYou's third and fourth studio albums, moved away from the emo and hardcore-punk influences of their earlier work and featured less abrasive vocals by Aaron Weiss. The band left Tooth & Nail in 2011 and released their fifth album, Ten Stories, a concept album about the crash of a circus train, on their own Pine Street Records in 2012. In 2018, mewithoutYou released their final studio album, [Untitled], and their only live album, [A→B] Live. The band announced that they will disband at the conclusion of their farewell tour on August 20, 2022. (Full list...)
August 22
The Premier League Golden Glove is an annual association football award presented to the goalkeeper who has kept the most clean sheets in the Premier League. In football a team's defense or goalkeeper may be said to "keep a clean sheet" if they prevent their opponents from scoring any goals during an entire match. In 2005, the inaugural Premier League Golden Glove was awarded to Petr Čech of Chelsea. Čech's 24 clean sheets in a single season remains the record. Since 2005 Čech and Joe Hart (pictured) have won the award on the most occasions with four successes each. Pepe Reina was the first goalkeeper to achieve back-to-back wins of the award, managing to do so in three consecutive seasons between 2005 and 2008. Hart later repeated the achievement with Manchester City between 2010 and 2013, as did Ederson with the same club between 2020 and 2022. (Full list...)
August 26
One hundred and twelve cardinal electors participated in the papal conclaves of August and October 1978, which were respectively convened to elect a pope, the leader of the Catholic Church, to succeed Pope Paul VI and Pope John Paul I following their respective deaths on 6 August and 28 September 1978. According to the apostolic constitution Romano Pontifici eligendo, which governed the vacancy of the Holy See, only cardinals who had not passed their 80th birthday on the day on which the conclave began were eligible to participate. The cardinal electors entered the Sistine Chapel to begin the first conclave on 25 August. On 26 August, after four ballots over two days, they elected Cardinal Albino Luciani, Patriarch of Venice, who took the papal name John Paul I (pictured, left). After his death 33 days into his papacy, the cardinal electors again entered the Sistine Chapel to begin the second conclave on 14 October. On 16 October, after eight ballots over three days, they elected Cardinal Karol Wojtyła, Archbishop of Kraków, who took the papal name John Paul II (pictured, right). (Full list...)
August 29
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The Melon Music Award for Album of the Year is an award presented by the South Korean entertainment company Kakao M at the annual Melon Music Awards since the inaugural online ceremony in 2005. The award is based on data collected from the South Korean music platform Melon, and honors artists who have had exceptional performance during the recording year. From 2005 to 2008, Melon Music Award winners were announced online, but no album accolade was presented in 2007 or 2008. The ceremony was held live in Seoul beginning with the 2009 awards, with Album of the Year becoming one of the ceremony's grand prizes. As of the 2021 awards, the criteria for the accolade currently consist of digital sales and streaming figures (60 percent), evaluation from a panel of judges (20 percent), and online voting (20 percent). As of 2021, the award has been given to nine artists, with BTS, IU (pictured), 2NE1, and Busker Busker each having won more than once. The most recent recipient is IU, for her 2021 album Lilac. (Full list...)