Wikipedia:WikiProject Academic Journals/Journals cited by Wikipedia/Questionable5

Disclaimer / Warning

This is The Wikipedia CiteWatch, a bot-compiled listing of potentially cargo cult, conspiracist, denialist, fake, junk, not even wrong, obsolete, predatory, pseudoscientific, quack, or otherwise unreliable publications cited by Wikipedia through the |journal= parameter of citation templates (see this Signpost article for details). It is based on several lists of unreliable or questionable publications (such as those compiled by Jeffrey Beall, the University Grants Commission, Quackwatch, or Wikipedia editors) and currently reflects the state of Wikipedia as of 1 November 2024. See Q9 in the FAQ for the update schedule.

This list is a starting point to detect unreliable sources which are cited by Wikipedia, but it does not answer whether it is appropriate to cite them. Due to the somewhat arbitrary nature of what exactly constitutes an unreliable source, as well as imperfect matching algorithms, the list may feature publications and publishers which...

are flat-out promoting pseudo/junk scholarship or quackery
are flat-out predatory/vanity venues, with sham peer-review processes
were once-reliable, but have since been acquired by predatory publishers
were once-unreliable, but no longer engage in problematic practices
reflect the sources' good but imperfect judgment of what is unreliable
are problematic in some areas (e.g. pseudoscience), but reliable in others (e.g. news)
are problematic in some other way (e.g. circular references, or deprecated sources)
are problematic but used in an acceptable manner (e.g. primary sources about frauds)
are misclassified because of a spelling variation (red links especially)
are misclassified because of false positives, miscategorization, or flawed bot logic
are reliable, but share names with imposter publications and publishers
are about pseudoscholarship as a topic, rather than being pseudoscholarly themselves

While many, if not most, publications and publishers on this list have some questionable aspects to their publishing practices, these can still be reliable (or be otherwise acceptable) in limited circumstances. The CiteWatch cannot determine the full context in which a source is used, therefore use common sense and judgement before removing a citation from an article (see Q8 in the FAQ). When in doubt, discuss things on the article's talk page or at the reliable sources noticeboard – especially before a mass purge of a source. The Unreliable/Predatory Source Detector user script may also interest you.

Additions and removals from the listing – including false positives – can be discussed at WT:CITEWATCH. False positives can also be directly handled at WP:JCW/EXCLUDE.

Rank	Target/Group	Entries (Citations, Articles)	Total Citations	Distinct Articles	⁠Citations/article⁠
401	Innovation (magazine) [Quackwatch's list]	Innovation (magazine) Innovation Magazine (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
402	Innovations in Pharmaceuticals and Pharmacotherapy [Beall's journal list]	IPP (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
403	Insight Medical Publishing \| `{{doi\|10.21767}}` · `{{doi\|10.36648}}` · `{{doi\|10.3823}}` [Beall's publisher list · [1]] International Archives of Medicine acquired by IMedPub in 2014.	`doi=10.21767` Interventional Cardiology Journal (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
404	Institute of Strategic and International Studies [Beall's publisher list]	Institute of Strategic and International Studies (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
405	Interdisciplinary Journal of Research in Business [Beall's journal list]	Interdisciplinary Journal of Research in Business (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
406	International Education and Research Journal [Beall's journal list]	International Education and Research Journal (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
407	International Journal for Innovation Education and Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal for Innovation Education and Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
408	International Journal of Academic Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Academic Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
409	International Journal of Academic Research (publisher) [Beall's publisher list]	International Journal of Academic Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
410	International Journal of Advanced Computer Research [Beall's journal list / update]	International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
411	International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Management Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Management Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
412	International Journal of Advanced Research \| `{{doi\|10.21474}}` [Lying about DOAJ · Beall's publisher list]	International Journal of Advanced Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
413	International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Engineering and Technology [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
414	International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
415	International Journal of Applied and Pure Science and Agriculture [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Applied and Pure Science and Agriculture (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
416	International Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
417	International Journal of Bioassays [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Bioassays (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
418	International Journal of Biosocial Research [Quackwatch's list]	International Journal of Biosocial Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
419	International Journal of Business and Social Research [Beall's journal list · Lying about DOAJ]	International Journal of Business and Social Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
420	International Journal of Chemical Studies [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Chemical Studies (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
421	International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security [Beall's journal list · Lying about DOAJ]	International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
422	International Journal of Computer Technology and Applications [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Computer Technology and Applications (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
423	International Journal of Computing and Corporate Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Computing and Corporate Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
424	International Journal of Contemporary Applied Sciences [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Contemporary Applied Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
425	International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
426	International Journal of Current Science [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Current Science (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
427	International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
428	International Journal of Emerging Engineering Research and Technology [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Emerging Engineering Research and Technology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
429	International Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
430	International Journal of Emerging Trends in Science and Technology [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Emerging Trends in Science and Technology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
431	International Journal of Energy and Water Resources [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Energy and Water Resources (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
432	International Journal of Engineering Development and Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Engineering Development and Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
433	International Journal of Engineering Researches and Management Studies [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Engineering Researches and Management Studies (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
434	International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
435	International Journal of Enterprise Computing and Business Systems [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Enterprise Computing and Business Systems (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
436	International Journal of Environmental Science and Development [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Environmental Science and Development (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
437	International Journal of Eurasia Social Sciences [Beall's journal list / update]	International Journal of Eurasia Social Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
438	International Journal of Health Sciences and Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Health Sciences and Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
439	International Journal of Indian Psychology [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Indian Psychology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
440	International Journal of Innovations in Engineering Research and Technology [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Innovations in Engineering Research and Technology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
441	International Journal of Innovative Research & Advanced Studies [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Innovative Research & Advanced Studies International Journal of Innovative Research and Advanced Studies (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
442	International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
443	International Journal of Innovative and Applied Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Innovative and Applied Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
444	International Journal of Life Science and Pharma Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Life Science and Pharma Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
445	International Journal of Management Research and Business Strategy [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Management Research and Business Strategy (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
446	International Journal of Management and Social Science Research Review [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Management and Social Science Research Review (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
447	International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
448	International Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Research [Beall's journal list / update]	International Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
449	International Journal of Medicine and Biosciences [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Medicine and Biosciences International Journal of Medical and Biosciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
450	International Journal of Mosquito Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Mosquito Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
451	International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
452	International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Engineering [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Engineering (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
453	International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
454	International Journal of New Technology and Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of New Technology and Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
455	International Journal of Novel Research and Development [Beall's journal list / update · Lying about DOAJ]	International Journal of Novel Research and Development (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
456	International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Phytopharmacological Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Phytopharmacological Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
457	International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
458	International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
459	International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience \| `{{doi\|10.18782}}` [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
460	International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
461	International Journal of Renewable Energy Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Renewable Energy Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
462	International Journal of Research GRANTHAALAYAH [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Research GRANTHAALAYAH International Journal of Research – Granthaalayah (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
463	International Journal of Research in Agriculture and Forestry [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Research in Agriculture and Forestry (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
464	International Journal of Research in Computer Science [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Research in Computer Science (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
465	International Journal of Research in Engineering and Science [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Research in Engineering and Science (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
466	International Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
467	International Journal of Research in Science & Engineering [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Research in Science & Engineering (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
468	International Journal of Science Technology and Engineering [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Science Technology and Engineering (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
469	International Journal of Science and Technology [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Science and Technology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
470	International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
471	International Journal of Social Sciences and Education [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Social Sciences and Education (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
472	International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy [Beall's journal list]	International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
473	International Letters of Natural Sciences [Beall's journal list]	International Letters of Natural Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
474	International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences [Beall's journal list]	International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
475	International Research Journal of Pharmacy [Beall's journal list]	International Research Journal of Pharmacy (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
476	International Review of Management and Business Research [Beall's journal list]	International Review of Management and Business Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
477	International Review of Social Sciences and Humanities [Beall's journal list]	International Review of Social Sciences and Humanities (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
478	Internet Scientific Publications \| `{{doi\|10.5580}}` [Beall's publisher list]	Internet Scientific Publications (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
479	Journal of Academia and Industrial Research [Beall's journal list / update]	Journal of Academia and Industrial Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
480	Journal of Applied Biology & Biotechnology [Beall's journal list]	Journal of Applied Biology & Biotechnology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
481	Journal of Applied Economics and Business [Beall's journal list]	Journal of Applied Economics and Business (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
482	Journal of Applied Nutrition [Quackwatch's list]	Journal of Applied Nutrition (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
483	Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research [Beall's journal list]	Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
484	Journal of Business Studies Quarterly [Beall's journal list]	Journal of Business Studies Quarterly (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
485	Journal of Clinical and Medical Images [Beall's journal list / update]	Journal of Clinical and Medical Images (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
486	Journal of Education and Social Science [Beall's journal list]	Journal of Education and Social Science (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
487	Journal of Emerging Trends in Computing and Information Sciences [Beall's journal list]	Journal of Emerging Trends in Computing and Information Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
488	Journal of English Language and Literature [Beall's journal list]	Journal of English Language and Literature (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
489	Journal of HerbMed Pharmacology \| `{{doi\|10.34172}}` [Beall's journal list]	`doi=10.34172` Health Promotion Perspectives (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
490	Journal of Language and Literature [Beall's journal list]	Graeme Davis (mediaevalist) Journal of Language and Literature (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
491	Journal of Mathematics and Computer Science [Beall's journal list]	Journal of Mathematics and Computer Science (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
492	Journal of Media Critiques [Beall's journal list]	Journal of Media Critiques (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
493	Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology [Beall's journal list]	Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
494	Journal of Nature and Science [Beall's journal list]	Journal of Nature and Science (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
495	Journal of Naturopathic Medicine [Quackwatch's list]	Journal of Naturopathic Medicine (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
496	Journal of Neurology & Neuromedicine [Beall's journal list]	Journal of Neurology & Neuromedicine (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
497	Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences [Beall's journal list]	Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
498	Journal of Postharvest Technology [Beall's journal list]	Journal of Postharvest Technology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
499	Journal of the Pancreas [Beall's journal list / update]	OMICS Publishing Group Journal of the Pancreas (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
500	LAR Center Press \| `{{doi\|10.18533}}` [Beall's publisher list · Lying about DOAJ]	`doi=10.18533` International Journal of Business and Social Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000

Legend

Title (bold link) : page existed at time of database dump
Title (bold underlined link) : page existed, as a disambiguation page, at time of database dump
Title (italicized link) : page existed, as a redirect, at time of database dump
Title (italicized underlined link) : page existed, as a redirect to a disambiguation page, at time of database dump
Title (regular blue link) page did not exist at time of database dump
Title (non-link) : title contains invalid characters for a Wikipedia page title
Title (redlink): A red link means the article does not currently exist. This is either because the corresponding article did not exist at the time of the dump (regular red link), or has since been deleted (red link with formatting).
In an entry like The Foobar Journal (13 in 6), the "13 in 6" means that the entry was found 13 times in 6 article. When an entry is found in 5 or fewer articles, they will be listed for convenience.

Date

Compilation last updated on 12 November 2024. The Wikipedia CiteWatch results are based on the database dump of 1 November 2024, using this configuration, with these exclusions.

← Questionable4	Current Questionable5	→ Questionable6