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User:Wrangler Pik

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Iliac region

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Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
iliopsoas iliac fossa (iliacus), sacrum (iliacus), spine (T12, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5) & intervertebral discs (psoas major, psoas minor) [1] femur—lesser trochanter (psoas major/minor), shaft below lesser trochanter (iliacus), tendon of psoas major & femur (iliacus) [1] medial femoral circumflex artery, iliolumbar artery femoral nerve, Lumbar nerves L1, L2 flexion of hip (psoas major/minor, iliacus), spine rotation (psoas major/minor) Gluteus maximus, posterior compartment of thigh
     psoas major transverse processes, bodies and discs of T12-L5 in the lesser trochanter of the femur Iliolumbar artery Lumbar plexus via anterior branches of L1, L2, L3[2] flexes and rotates laterally thigh Gluteus maximus
     psoas minor Side of T12+L1 and IV Disc between Pectineal line and iliopectineal eminence L1 Weak trunk flexor Gluteus maximus
     iliacus iliac fossa lesser trochanter of femur medial femoral circumflex artery, Iliolumbar artery femoral nerve (L2, L3[2]) flexes hip[3] Gluteus maximus

Gluteal

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Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
tensor fascia latae iliac crest iliotibial tract primarily lateral circumflex femoral artery, Superior gluteal artery Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5) Thigh - flexion, medial rotation. Trunk stabilization.
Gluteal muscles
     gluteus maximus muscle Gluteal surface of ilium, lumbar fascia, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament Gluteal tuberosity of the femur, iliotibial tract superior and inferior gluteal arteries inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2 nerve roots) external rotation and extension of the hip joint, supports the extended knee through the iliotibial tract, chief antigravity muscle in sitting Iliacus, Psoas major, Psoas minor
     gluteus medius muscle Gluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus maximus Greater trochanter of the femur superior gluteal artery superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1 nerve roots) abduction of the hip; preventing adduction of the hip. Medial rotation of thigh. lateral rotator group
     minimus Gluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus medius. Greater trochanter of the femur superior gluteal artery superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1 nerve roots) Works in concert with gluteus medius: abduction of the hip; preventing adduction of the hip. Medial rotation of thigh. lateral rotator group
lateral rotator group at or below the acetabulum of the ilium on or near the greater trochanter of the femur Inferior gluteal artery, Lateral sacral artery, Superior gluteal artery Obturator nerve, nerve to the Piriformis, nerve to quadratus femoris lateral rotation of hip Gluteus minimus muscle, Gluteus medius muscle
     piriformis sacrum greater trochanter Inferior gluteal artery, Lateral sacral artery, Superior gluteal artery nerve to the Piriformis (S1 and S2 nerve roots) [4] laterally rotate (outward) the thigh
     obturator externus obturator foramen and obturatory membrane medial aspect of greater trochanter of femur obturator artery posterior branch of obturator nerve (L3, L4) adduct thigh, rotate laterally thigh
     obturator internus Ischiopubic ramus & obturator membrane medial aspect of the Greater trochanter Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2) Abducts & rotates laterally thigh, and stabiliser of the hip during walking
     inferior gemellus Ischial tuberosity Obturator internus tendon Nerve to Quadratus femoris (L4, L5, S1) Rotates laterally thigh
superior gemellus spine of the ischium Obturator internus tendon Sacral plexus (S1, S2, S3) Rotates laterally thigh
     quadratus femoris ischial tuberosity intertrochanteric crest inferior gluteal artery nerve to quadratus femoris (L4, L5, -S1) lateral rotation of thigh

Thigh

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anterior compartment

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Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
articularis genu femur suprapatellar bursa femoral artery femoral nerve Pulling the suprapatellar bursa during extension of the knee.
sartorius superior to the anterior superior iliac spine medial side of the upper tibia in the pes anserinus femoral artery femoral nerve flexion, lateral rotation and abduction of thigh; flexion and medial rotation of leg
quadriceps femoris combined rectus femoris and vastus muscles Patella and Tibial tuberosity via the Patellar ligament femoral artery Femoral nerve Knee extension; Hip flexion (R.Fem. only) Hamstring
     rectus femoris anterior inferior iliac spine and the exterior surface of the bony ridge which forms the iliac portion of the acetabulum Patella and Tibial tuberosity via the Patellar ligament femoral artery femoral nerve knee extension; hip flexion Hamstring
     vastus lateralis Greater trochanter, Intertrochanteric line, and Linea aspera of the femur patella and tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament femoral artery femoral nerve Extends and stabilizes knee hamstring
     vastus intermedius antero/ lateral femur patella and tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament femoral artery femoral nerve extends knee Hamstring
     vastus medialis femur patella and tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament femoral artery femoral nerve extends knee hamstring

posterior compartment/hamstring

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Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
biceps femoris long head: tuberosity of the ischium, short head: linea aspera, femur[5] the head of the fibula[5] which articulates with the back of the lateral tibial condyle inferior gluteal artery, perforating arteries, popliteal artery long head: medial (tibial) part of sciatic nerve, short head: lateral (common fibular) part of sciatic nerve[5] flexes knee joint, laterally rotates leg at knee (when knee is flexed), extends hip joint (long head only)[5] Quadriceps muscle
semitendinosus tuberosity of the ischium[5] pes anserinus inferior gluteal artery, perforating arteries sciatic[5] (tibial, L5, S1, S2) flexes knee, extends hip joint, medially rotates leg at knee[5] Quadriceps muscle
semimembranosus tuberosity of the ischium[5] Medial surface of tibia[5] profunda femoris, gluteal artery sciatic nerve[5] flexes knee, extends hip joint, medially rotates leg at knee[5] Quadriceps muscle

medial compartment

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Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
adductor muscles of the hip pubis femur, tibia obturator nerve adduction of hip
     gracilis inferior pubic ramus[6] tibia (pes anserinus) obturator artery anterior branch of obturator nerve[6] adduction of hip, flexion of hip, medial rotation of knee[6]
     pectineus superior pubic ramus[6] lesser trochanter, linea aspera Obturator artery femoral nerve, sometimes obturator nerve[6] flexion & adduction of hip[6]
     adductor brevis anterior surface of the inferior pubic ramus[6] the lesser trochanter and linea aspera of the femur obturator artery anterior branch of obturator nerve[6] adduction of hip[6]
     adductor longus pubic body just below the pubic crest middle third of linea aspera obturator artery anterior branch of obturator nerve[6] adduction & medial rotation of hip[6]
     adductor magnus tuberosity of the ischium[6] femur and adductor tubercle of femur obturator artery posterior branch of obturator nerve (adductor) and tibial part of sciatic nerve[6][7] adduction of hip[6]
  1. ^ a b exrx.net
  2. ^ a b Essential Clinical Anatomy. K.L. Moore & A.M. Agur. Lippincott, 2 ed. 2002. Page 193
  3. ^ Gosling et al. 2008, p. 200
  4. ^ Essential Clinical Anatomy. K.L. Moore & A.M. Agur. Lippincott, 2 ed. 2002. Page 217
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Gosling 2008, p. 273
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Gosling et al. 2008, p. 266
  7. ^ MedicalMnemonics.com: 255
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