United States Capitol
The Fortieth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives . It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1867 to March 3, 1869, during the last two years of the administration of U.S. President Andrew Johnson .
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Eighth Census of the United States in 1860. Both chambers had a Republican majority.
March 4, 1867 - March 3, 1869
Special session of the Senate: April 1, 1867 – April 20, 1867
First session: March 4, 1867 – December 1, 1867
Second session: December 2, 1867 -[November 10, 1868
Third session: December 7, 1868 - March 3, 1869
Previous congress: 39th Congress - general
Next congress: 41st Congress - general
Arkansas , Florida , Alabama , North Carolina , Louisiana , and South Carolina were readmitted to representation in this Congress.
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
Senate
TOTAL members: 68
House of Representatives
TOTAL members: 226
Senate
House of Representatives
Main article: Events of 1867 ; Events of 1868 ; Events of 1869
Main article: List of United States federal legislation in the 40th Congress
Reconstruction Acts , continued:
March 23, 1867,-- ch. 6, 15 Stat. 2
July 19, 1867, -- ch. 30, 15 Stat. 14
March 11, 1868, -- ch. 25, 15 Stat. 41
July 25, 1868 –- Wyoming Territory was organized.
Membership highlights by chamber [ edit ]
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers , which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1868; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1870; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1872.
Alabama
Arkansas
California
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New York
North Carolina
Ohio
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Tennessee
Texas
Vermont
Virginia
West Virginia
Wisconsin
President pro tempore Benjamin F. Wade
House of Representatives [ edit ]
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large , are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.
See also: Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives
See also: Category:United States congressional delegations by state
Alabama
Arkansas
California
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Missouri
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New York
North Carolina
Ohio
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Tennessee
Vermont
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Speaker of the HouseSchuyler Colfax
Speaker of the HouseTheodore M. Pomeroy
Arizona Territory
Colorado Territory
Dakota Territory
Idaho Territory
Montana Territory
New Mexico Territory
Utah Territory
Washington Territory
Membership detail by Chamber/Party[ edit ]
The list below is arranged by chamber, then by political party. Members are shown in alphabetical order.
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress.
A-F
Joseph C. Abbott , North Carolina
Henry B. Anthony , Rhode Island
Simon Cameron , Pennsylvania
Alexander G. Cattell , New Jersey
Zachariah Chandler , Michigan
Cornelius Cole , California
Roscoe Conkling , New York
John Conness , California
Henry W. Corbett , Oregon
Aaron H. Cragin , New Hampshire
James Dixon , Connecticut
James R. Doolittle , Wisconsin
Charles D. Drake , Missouri
George F. Edmunds , Vermont
Orris S. Ferry , Connecticut
William Pitt Fessenden , Maine
Joseph S. Fowler , Tennessee
Frederick T. Frelinghuysen , New Jersey
G-O
James W. Grimes , Iowa
James Harlan , Iowa
John S. Harris , Louisiana
John B. Henderson , Missouri
Jacob M. Howard , Michigan
Timothy O. Howe , Wisconsin
William Pitt Kellogg , Louisiana
Alexander McDonald , Arkansas
Edwin D. Morgan , New York
Justin S. Morrill , Vermont
Lot M. Morrill , Maine
Oliver H. P. T. Morton , Indiana
Daniel S. Norton , Minnesota
James W. Nye , Nevada
Thomas W. Osborn , Florida
P-R
James W. Patterson , New Hampshire
Samuel C. Pomeroy , Kansas
John Pool , North Carolina
Alexander Ramsey , Minnesota
Benjamin F. Rice , Arkansas
Thomas J. Robertson , South Carolina
Edmund G. Ross , Kansas
Frederick A. Sawyer , South Carolina
John Sherman , Ohio
George E. Spencer , Alabama
William Sprague , Rhode Island
William M. Stewart , Nevada
Charles Sumner , Massachusetts
John M. Thayer , Nebraska
Thomas W. Tipton , Nebraska
Lyman Trumbull , Illinois
Peter G. Van Winkle , West Virginia
Benjamin F. Wade , Ohio
Willard Warner , Alabama
Adonijah S. Welch , Florida
Waitman T. Willey , West Virginia
George H. Williams , Oregon
Henry Wilson , Massachusetts
Richard Yates , Illinois
House of Representatives [ edit ]
Members of the House of Representatives were elected by popular vote, variously to single member districts or at-large.
A-B-C
George M. Adams , Kentucky
Stevenson Archer , Maryland
Samuel B. Axtell , California
Demas Barnes , New York
William H. Barnum , Connecticut
James B. Beck , Kentucky
Benjamin M. Boyer , Pennsylvania
James Brooks , New York
Albert G. Burr , Illinois
John W. Chanler , New York
D-E-F
G-H-I
J. Lawrence Getz , Pennsylvania
Adam J. Glossbrenner , Pennsylvania
Jacob S. Golladay , Kentucky
Asa P. Grover , Kentucky
Charles Haight , New Jersey
Elijah Hise , Kentucky
William S. Holman , Indiana
Julius Hotchkiss , Connecticut
Richard D. Hubbard , Connecticut
James M. Humphrey , New York
J-K-L
M-N-O
James Mann , Louisiana
Samuel S. Marshall , Illinois
James R. McCormick , Missouri
Hiram McCullough , Maryland
George W. Morgan , Ohio
John Morrissey , New York
William Mungen , Ohio
William E. Niblack , Indiana
John A. Nicholson , Delaware
Thomas E. Noell , Missouri
P-Q-R
S-T-U-V
W-X-Y-Z
A-B-C
William B. Allison , Iowa
Oakes Ames , Massachusetts
George W. Anderson , Missouri
Samuel M. Arnell , Tennessee
Delos R. Ashley , Nevada
James M. Ashley , Ohio
Alexander H. Bailey , New York
Jehu Baker , Illinois
John D. Baldwin , Massachusetts
Nathaniel P. Banks , Massachusetts
Fernando C. Beaman , Michigan
John Beatty , Ohio
John F. Benjamin , Missouri
Jacob Benton , New Hampshire
John A. Bingham , Ohio
W. Jasper Blackburn , Louisiana
James G. Blaine , Maine
Austin Blair , Michigan
Thomas Boles , Arkansas
George S. Boutwell , Massachusetts
Christopher C. Bowen , South Carolina
Henry P. H. Bromwell , Illinois
John M. Broomall , Pennsylvania
Ralph P. Buckland , Ohio
Charles W. Buckley , Alabama
Benjamin F. Butler , Massachusetts
Roderick R. Butler , Tennessee
Henry L. Cake , Pennsylvania
John B. Callis , Alabama
Samuel F. Cary , Ohio
John C. Churchill , New York
Reader W. Clarke , Ohio
Sidney Clarke , Kansas
Joseph W. Clift , Georgia
Amasa Cobb , Wisconsin
John Coburn , Indiana
Schuyler Colfax , Indiana
Burton C. Cook , Illinois
M. Simeon Corley , South Carolina
Thomas Cornell , New York
John Covode , Pennsylvania
Shelby M. Cullom , Illinois
D-E-F
Henry L. Dawes , Massachusetts
Columbus Delano , Ohio
John T. Deweese , North Carolina
Oliver J. Dickey , Pennsylvania
Nathan F. Dixon, Jr. , Rhode Island
Oliver H. Dockery , North Carolina
Grenville M. Dodge , Iowa
Ignatius L. Donnelly , Minnesota
John F. Driggs , Michigan
Ephraim R. Eckley , Ohio
William P. Edwards , Georgia
Benjamin Eggleston , Ohio
Jacob H. Ela , New Hampshire
Thomas D. Eliot , Massachusetts
James T. Elliott , Arkansas
John F. Farnsworth , Illinois
Orange Ferriss , New York
Thomas W. Ferry , Michigan
William C. Fields , New York
Darwin A. Finney , Pennsylvania
John R. French , North Carolina
G-H-I
James A. Garfield , Ohio
James H. Goss , South Carolina
Samuel F. Gove , Georgia
Joseph J. Gravely , Missouri
John A. Griswold , New York
George A. Halsey , New Jersey
Charles M. Hamilton , Florida
Cornelius S. Hamilton , Ohio
Abner C. Harding , Illinois
Thomas Haughey , Alabama
Isaac R. Hawkins , Tennessee
Rutherford B. Hayes , Ohio
David Heaton , North Carolina
William Higby , California
John Hill , New Jersey
James M. Hinds , Arkansas
Samuel Hooper , Massachusetts
Benjamin F. Hopkins , Wisconsin
Asahel W. Hubbard , Iowa
Chester D. Hubbard , West Virginia
Calvin T. Hulburd , New York
Morton C. Hunter , Indiana
Ebon C. Ingersoll , Illinois
J-K-L
Thomas A. Jenckes , Rhode Island
Alexander H. Jones , North Carolina
Norman B. Judd , Illinois
George W. Julian , Indiana
William D. Kelley , Pennsylvania
Francis W. Kellogg , Alabama
William H. Kelsey , New York
John H. Ketcham , New York
Bethuel M. Kitchen , West Virginia
William H. Koontz , Pennsylvania
Addison H. Laflin , New York
Israel G. Lash , North Carolina
George V. Lawrence , Pennsylvania
William Lawrence , Ohio
William S. Lincoln , New York
Benjamin F. Loan , Missouri
John A. Logan , Illinois
William Loughridge , Iowa
John Lynch , Maine
M-N-O
Rufus Mallory , Oregon
James M. Marvin , New York
Horace Maynard , Tennessee
Dennis McCarthy , New York
Joseph W. McClurg , Missouri .
Samuel McKee , Kentucky
Ulysses Mercur , Pennsylvania
George F. Miller , Pennsylvania
William Moore , New Jersey
James K. Moorhead , Pennsylvania
Daniel J. Morrell , Pennsylvania
James Mullins , Tennessee .
Leonard Myers , Pennsylvania
Carman A. Newcomb , Missouri
Joseph P. Newsham , Louisiana
Benjamin W. Norris , Alabama
David A. Nunn , Tennessee
Charles O'Neill , Pennsylvania
Godlove S. Orth , Indiana
P-Q-R
Halbert E. Paine , Wisconsin
Sidney Perham , Maine
John A. Peters , Maine
S. Newton Pettis , Pennsylvania
Charles W. Pierce , Alabama
Frederick A. Pike , Maine
William A. Pile , Missouri
Tobias A. Plants , Ohio
Luke P. Poland , Vermont
Daniel H. Polsley , West Virginia
Theodore M. Pomeroy , New York
Hiram Price , Iowa
Charles H. Prince , Georgia
Green B. Raum , Illinois
William H. Robertson , New York
Logan H. Roots , Arkansas
S-T-U-V
Philetus Sawyer , Wisconsin
Robert C. Schenck , Ohio
Glenni W. Scofield , Pennsylvania
John P. C. Shanks , Indiana
Samuel Shellabarger , Ohio
Worthington C. Smith , Vermont
Rufus P. Spalding , Ohio
Henry H. Starkweather , Connecticut
Aaron F. Stevens , New Hampshire
Thaddeus Stevens , Pennsylvania
William B. Stokes , Tennessee
John H. Stover , Missouri
J. Hale Sypher , Louisiana
John Taffe , Nebraska
Caleb N. Taylor , Pennsylvania
Francis Thomas , Maryland
John Trimble , Tennessee
Rowland E. Trowbridge , Michigan
Ginery Twichell , Massachusetts
Charles Upson , Michigan
Henry H. Van Aernam , New York
Burt Van Horn , New York
Robert T. Van Horn , Missouri
Charles H. Van Wyck , New York
Michel Vidal ), Louisiana
Hamilton Ward, Sr. , New York
Cadwallader C. Washburn , Wisconsin
Henry D. Washburn , Indiana
William B. Washburn , Massachusetts
Elihu B. Washburne , Illinois
Martin Welker , Ohio
B. Frank Whittemore , South Carolina
Thomas Williams , Pennsylvania
William Williams , Indiana
James F. Wilson , Iowa
John T. Wilson , Ohio
Stephen F. Wilson , Pennsylvania
William Windom , Minnesota
Frederick E. Woodbridge , Vermont
Changes in membership [ edit ]
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
Senate
replacements: 3
deaths: 1
resignations: 2
interim appointments: 1
seats from newly admitted states: 2
Total seats with changes:
House of Representatives
replacements: 10
deaths: 8
resignations: 3
contested election: 3
seats from newly admitted states: 1
Total seats with changes: 15
Senate
Other
House of Representatives
Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress . New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts . New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.