User:Stilltim/congress - 21st United States Congress - state detail

United States Capitol

The Twenty-first United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1829 to March 3, 1831, during the first two years of the first administration of U.S. President, Andrew Jackson.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Fourth Census of the United States in 1820. Both chambers had a Jacksonian or Democratic majority.

This article supplements the general article with a list of the members by state delegation.

see also: 21st Congress - general

Dates of sessions

March 4, 1829 - March 3, 1831

• Special session of the Senate: March 4, 1829 – March 17, 1829
• First session: December 7, 1829 - May 31, 1830
• Second session: December 6, 1830 - March 3, 1831 — a lame duck session
• Previous congress: 20th Congress - state detail
  
• Next congress: 22nd Congress - state detail

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate Jacksonian or Democratic (D) : 25 (majority) Anti-Jacksonian or National Republican (NR) : 23 TOTAL members: 48

House of Representatives Jacksonian or Democratic (D) : 136 (majority) Anti-Jacksonian or National Republican (NR) : 72 Anti Masonic (AM) : 5 TOTAL members: 213

Leadership

Senate

• Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate):
  • John C. Calhoun, Democratic of South Carolina
• President pro tempore of the Senate:
  • Samuel Smith, Democratic of Maryland, first elected March 13, 1829.

House of Representatives

• Speaker of the House
  • Andrew Stevenson, Democratic of Virginia, elected December 7, 1829.

Membership detail by state

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1832; Class 2 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1834; and Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1830.

The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.

Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.

The list below is arranged by state, then by chamber. Senators are shown in order of seniority, House members in district order.

Alabama

Senate

• 2: William R. D. King (1786-1853), Democratic
• 3: John McKinley (1780-1852), Democratic

House of Representatives (3 seats)

• 1: Clement C. Clay (1789-1866), Democratic
• 2: Robert E. B. Baylor (1793-1874), Democratic
• 3: Dixon H. Lewis (1802-1848), Democratic

Connecticut

Senate

• 3: Calvin Willey (1776-1858), National Republican
• 1: Samuel A. Foote (1780-1846), National Republican

House of Representatives (6 seats)

• A/L: Noyes Barber (1781-1844), National Republican
• A/L: William W. Ellsworth (1791-1868), National Republican
• A/L: Jabez W. Huntington (1788-1847), National Republican
• A/L: Ralph I. Ingersoll (1789-1872), National Republican
• A/L: William L. Storrs (1795-1861), National Republican
• A/L: Ebenezer Young (1783-1851), National Republican

Delaware

Senate

• 1: Louis McLane (1786-1857), Democratic …resigned April 16, 1829.

  Arnold Naudain (1790-1872), National Republican …elected to fill vacancy, January 7, 1830.

• 2: John M. Clayton (1796-1856), National Republican

House of Representatives (1 seat)

• A/L: Kensey Johns, Jr. (1791-1857), National Republican

Georgia

Senate

• 3: John Macpherson Berrien (1781-1856), Democratic …resigned March 9, 1829.

  John Forsyth (1780-1841), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, November 9, 1829.

• 2: George M. Troup (1780-1856), Democratic

House of Representatives (7 seats)

• A/L: Thomas F. Foster (1790-1848), Democratic
• A/L: Charles E. Haynes (1784-1841), Democratic
• A/L: Henry G. Lamar (1798-1861), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 7, 1829.
• A/L: Wilson Lumpkin (1783-1870), Democratic
• A/L: Wiley Thompson (1781-1835), Democratic
• A/L: James M. Wayne (1790-1867), Democratic
• A/L: Richard Henry Wilde (1789-1847), Democratic

Illinois

Senate

• 3: Elias K. Kane (1794-1835), Democratic
• 2: John McLean (1791-1830), Democratic …died October 14, 1830.

  David J. Baker (1792-1869), Democratic …appointed to fill vacancy, November 12, 1830.

  John M. Robinson (1794-1843), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, December 11, 1830.

House of Representatives (1 seat)

• A/L: Joseph Duncan (1794-1844), Democratic

Indiana

Senate

• 1: James Noble (1785-1831), National Republican …died February 26, 1831.
• 3: William Hendricks (1782-1850), National Republican

House of Representatives (3 seats)

• 1: Ratliff Boon (1781-1844), Democratic
• 2: Jonathan Jennings (1784-1834), National Republican
• 3: John Test (1771-1849), National Republican

Kentucky

Senate

• 3: John Rowan (1773-1843), Democratic
• 2: George M. Bibb (1776-1859), Democratic

House of Representatives (12 seats)

• 1: Henry Daniel (1786-1873), Democratic
• 2: Nicholas D. Coleman (1800-1874), Democratic
• 3: James Clark (1770-1839), National Republican
• 4: Robert P. Letcher (1788-1861), National Republican
• 5: Richard M. Johnson (1780-1850), Democratic
• 6: Joseph Lecompte (1797-1851), Democratic
• 7: John Kincaid (1791-1873), Democratic
• 8: Nathan Gaither (1788-1862), Democratic
• 9: Charles A. Wickliffe (1788-1869), Democratic
• 10: Joel Yancey (1773-1838), Democratic
• 11: Thomas Chilton (1798-1854), Democratic
• 12: Chittenden Lyon (1787-1842), Democratic

Louisiana

Senate

• 3: Josiah S. Johnston (1784-1833), National Republican
• 2: Edward Livingston (1764-1836), Democratic

House of Representatives (3 seats)

• 1: Edward D. White (1795-1847), National Republican
• 2: Henry H. Gurley (1788-1833), National Republican
• 3: Walter H. Overton (1788-1845), Democratic

Maine

Senate

• 1: John Holmes (1773-1843), National Republican
• 2: Peleg Sprague (1793-1880), National Republican

House of Representatives (7 seats)

• 1: Rufus McIntire (1784-1866), Democratic
• 2: John Anderson (1792-1853), Democratic
• 3: Joseph F. Wingate (1786- ), National Republican
• 4: George Evans (1797-1867), National Republican …elected to fill vacancy from preceding Congress, seated December 7, 1829.
• 5: James W. Ripley (1786-1835), Democratic …resigned March 12, 1830.

  Cornelius Holland (1783-1870), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 6, 1830.

• 6: Leonard Jarvis (1781-1854), Democratic
• 7: Samuel Butman (1788-1864), National Republican

Maryland

Senate

• 1: Samuel Smith (1752-1839), Democratic
• 3: Ezekiel F. Chambers (1788-1867), National Republican

House of Representatives (9 seats)

• 1: Clement Dorsey (1778-1848), National Republican
• 2: Benedict J. Semmes (1789-1863), National Republican
• 3: George C. Washington (1789-1854), National Republican
• 4: Michael C. Sprigg (1791-1845), Democratic
• 5: Elias Brown (1793-1857), Democratic
• 5: Benjamin C. Howard (1791-1872), Democratic
• 6: George E. Mitchell (1781-1832), Democratic
• 7: Richard Spencer (1796-1868), Democratic
• 8: Ephraim K. Wilson (1771-1834), Democratic

Massachusetts

Senate

• 2: Nathaniel Silsbee (1773-1850), National Republican
• 1: Daniel Webster (1782-1852), National Republican

House of Representatives (13 seats)

• 1: Benjamin Gorham (1775-1855), National Republican
• 2: Benjamin W. Crowninshield (1772-1851), National Republican
• 3: John Varnum (1778-1836), National Republican
• 4: Edward Everett (1794-1865), National Republican
• 5: John Davis (1787-1854), National Republican
• 6: Joseph G. Kendall (1788-1847), National Republican
• 7: George J. Grennell, Jr. (1786-1877), National Republican
• 8: Isaac C. Bates (1779-1845), National Republican
• 9: Henry W. Dwight (1788-1845), National Republican
• 10: John Bailey (1786-1835), National Republican
• 11: Joseph Richardson (1778-1871), National Republican
• 12: James L. Hodges (1790-1846), National Republican
• 13: John Reed, Jr. (1781-1860), National Republican

Mississippi

Senate

• 1: Powhatan Ellis (1790-1863), Democratic
• 2: Thomas B. Reed (1787-1829), Democratic …died November 26, 1829.

  Robert H. Adams (1792-1830), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy January 6, 1830, died July 2, 1830.

  George Poindexter (1779-1853), Democratic …appointed to fill vacancy, October 15, 1830, subsequently elected.

House of Representatives (1 seat)

• A/L: Thomas Hinds (1780-1840), Democratic

Missouri

Senate

• 3: David Barton (1783-1837), National Republican
• 1: Thomas H. Benton (1782-1858), Democratic

House of Representatives (1 seat)

• A/L: Spencer D. Pettis (1802-1829), Democratic

New Hampshire

Senate

• 2: Samuel Bell (1770-1850), National Republican
• 3: Levi Woodbury (1789-1851), Democratic

House of Representatives (6 seats)

• A/L: John Brodhead (1770-1838), Democratic
• A/L: Thomas Chandler (1772-1866), Democratic
• A/L: Joseph Hammons (1787-1836), Democratic
• A/L: Jonathan Harvey (1780-1859), Democratic
• A/L: Henry Hubbard (1784-1857), Democratic
• A/L: John W. Weeks (1781-1853), Democratic

New Jersey

Senate

• 1: Mahlon Dickerson (1770-1853), Democratic
• 2: Theodore Frelinghuysen (1787-1862), National Republican

House of Representatives (6 seats)

• A/L: Lewis Condict (1772-1862), National Republican
• A/L: Richard M. Cooper (1768-1843), National Republican
• A/L: Thomas H. Hughes (1769-1839), National Republican
• A/L: Isaac Pierson (1770-1833), National Republican
• A/L: James F. Randolph (1791-1872), National Republican
• A/L: Samuel Swan (1771-1844), National Republican

New York

Senate

• 3: Nathan Sanford (1777-1838), National Republican
• 1: Charles E. Dudley (1780-1841), Democratic

House of Representatives (34 seats)

• 1: James Lent (1782-1833), Democratic
• 2: Jacob Crocheron (1774-1849), Democratic
• 3: Churchill C. Cambreleng (1786-1862), Democratic
• 3: Gulian C. Verplanck (1786-1870), Democratic
• 3: Campbell P. White (1787-1859), Democratic
• 4: Henry B. Cowles (1798-1873), National Republican
• 5: Abraham Bockee (1784-1865), Democratic
• 6: Hector Craig (1775-1842), Democratic …resigned July 12, 1830.

  Samuel W. Eager (1789-1860), National Republican …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 6, 1830.

• 7: Charles G. DeWitt (1789-1839), Democratic
• 8: James Strong (1783-1847), National Republican
• 9: John D. Dickinson (1767-1841), National Republican
• 10: Ambrose Spencer (1765-1848), National Republican
• 11: Perkins King (1784-1857), Democratic
• 12: Peter I. Borst (1797-1848), Democratic
• 13: William G. Angel (1790-1858), Democratic
• 14: Henry R. Storrs (1787-1837), National Republican
• 15: Michael Hoffman (1787-1848), Democratic
• 16: Benedict Arnold (1780-1849), National Republican
• 17: John W. Taylor (1784-1854), National Republican
• 18: Henry C. Martindale (1780-1860), National Republican
• 19: Isaac Finch (1783-1845), National Republican
• 20: Joseph Hawkins (1781-1832), National Republican
• 20: George Fisher (1788-1861), Democratic …contested election, served until February 5, 1830.

  Silas Wright, Jr. National Republican …contested election, never served, resigned March 9, 1830.

  Jonah Sanford (1790-1867), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 6, 1830.

• 21: Robert Monell (1786-1860), Democratic …resigned February 21, 1830.
• 22: Thomas Beekman ( - ), National Republican
• 23: Jonas Earll, Jr. (1786-1846), Democratic
• 24: Gershom Powers (1789-1831), Democratic
• 25: Thomas Maxwell (1792-1864), Democratic
• 26: Jehiel H. Halsey (1788-1867), Democratic
• 26: Robert S. Rose (1774-1835), Anti-Masonic
• 27: Timothy Childs (1785-1847), Anti-Masonic
• 28: John Magee (1794-1868), Democratic
• 29: Phineas L. Tracy (1786-1876), Anti-Masonic
• 30: Ebenezer F. Norton (1774-1851), Democratic

North Carolina

Senate

• 2: John Branch (1782-1863), Democratic …resigned March 9, 1829.

  Bedford Brown (1795-1870), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, December 9, 1829.

• 3: James Iredell, Jr. (1788-1853), Democratic

House of Representatives (13 seats)

• 1: Augustine H. Shepperd (1792-1864), Democratic
• 2: Willis Alston (1769-1837), Democratic
• 3: Thomas H. Hall (1773-1853), Democratic
• 4: Jesse Speight (1795-1847), Democratic
• 5: Gabriel Holmes (1769-1829), Democratic …died September 26, 1829, before Congress assembled.

  Edward B. Dudley (1789-1855), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 14, 1829.

• 6: Robert Potter (1800c-1842), Democratic
• 7: Edmund Deberry (1787-1859), National Republican
• 8: Daniel L. Barringer (1788-1852), Democratic
• 9: William B. Shepard (1799-1852), National Republican
• 10: Abraham Rencher (1798-1883), Democratic
• 11: Henry W. Connor (1793-1866), Democratic
• 12: Samuel P. Carson (1798-1838), Democratic
• 13: Lewis Williams (1782-1842), National Republican

Ohio

Senate

• 1: Benjamin Ruggles (1783-1857), National Republican
• 3: Jacob Burnet (1770-1853), National Republican

House of Representatives (14 seats)

• 1: James Findlay (1770-1835), Democratic
• 2: James Shields (1762-1831), Democratic
• 3: Joseph H. Crane (1782-1851), National Republican
• 4: Joseph Vance (1786-1852), National Republican
• 5: William Russell (1782-1845), Democratic
• 6: William Creighton, Jr. (1778-1851), National Republican
• 7: Samuel F. Vinton (1792-1862), National Republican
• 8: William Stanbery (1788-1873), Democratic
• 9: William W. Irvin (1778c-1842), Democratic
• 10: William Kennon, Sr. (1793-1881), Democratic
• 11: John M. Goodenow (1782-1838), Democratic …resigned April 9, 1830, before Congress assembled.

  Humphrey H. Leavitt (1796-1873), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 6, 1830.

• 12: John Thomson (1780-1852), Democratic
• 13: Elisha Whittlesey (1783-1863), National Republican
• 14: Mordecai Bartley (1783-1870), National Republican

Pennsylvania

Senate

• 3: William Marks (1778-1858), National Republican
• 1: Isaac D. Barnard (1791-1834), Democratic

House of Representatives (26 seats)

• 1: Joel B. Sutherland (1792-1861), Democratic
• 2: Joseph Hemphill (1770-1842), Democratic
• 3: Daniel H. Miller ( -1846), Democratic
• 4: James Buchanan (1791-1868), Democratic
• 4: Joshua Evans, Jr. (1777-1846), Democratic
• 4: George G. Leiper (1786-1868), Democratic
• 5: John B. Sterigere (1793-1852), Democratic
• 6: Innis Green (1776-1839), Democratic
• 7: Joseph Fry, Jr. (1781-1860), Democratic
• 7: Henry A. P. Muhlenberg (1782-1844), Democratic
• 8: Samuel D. Ingham (1779-1860), Democratic …resigned before Congress assembled.

  Peter Ihrie, Jr. (1796-1871), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 7, 1829.

• 8: George Wolf (1777-1840), Democratic …resigned before Congress assembled.

  Samuel A. Smith (1795-1861), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 7, 1829.

• 9: James Ford (1783-1859), Democratic
• 9: Alem Marr (1787-1843), Democratic
• 9: Philander Stephens (1788-1842), Democratic
• 10: Adam King (1790-1835), Democratic
• 11: Thomas H. Crawford (1786-1863), Democratic
• 11: William Ramsey (1779-1831), Democratic
• 12: John Scott (1784-1850), Democratic
• 13: Chauncey Forward (1793-1839), Democratic
• 14: Thomas Irwin (1785-1870), Democratic
• 15: William McCreery (1786-1841), Democratic
• 16: William Wilkins (1779-1865), Democratic …resigned before Congress assembled.

  Harmar Denny (1794-1852), Anti-Masonic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 30, 1829.

• 16: John Gilmore (1780-1845), Democratic
• 17: Richard Coulter (1788-1852), Democratic
• 18: Thomas H. Sill (1783-1856), National Republican

Rhode Island

Senate

• 2: Nehemiah R. Knight (1780-1854), National Republican
• 1: Asher Robbins (1757-1845), National Republican

House of Representatives (2 seats)

• A/L: Tristam Burges (1770-1853), National Republican
• A/L: Dutee J. Pearce (1789-1849), National Republican

South Carolina

Senate

• 2: Robert Y. Hayne (1791-1839), Democratic
• 3: William Smith (1762-1840), Democratic

House of Representatives (9 seats)

• 1: William Drayton (1776-1846), Democratic
• 2: Robert W. Barnwell (1801-1882), Democratic
• 3: John Campbell ( -1845), Democratic
• 4: William D. Martin (1789-1833), Democratic
• 5: George McDuffie (1790-1851), Democratic
• 6: Warren R. Davis (1793-1835), Democratic
• 7: William T. Nuckolls (1801-1855), Democratic
• 8: James Blair (1790c-1834), Democratic
• 9: Starling Tucker (1770-1834), Democratic

Tennessee

Senate

• 1: John H. Eaton (1790-1856), Democratic …resigned March 9, 1829.

  Felix Grundy (1777-1840), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, October 19, 1829.

• 2: Hugh Lawson White (1773-1840), Democratic

House of Representatives (9 seats)

• 1: John Blair (1790-1863), Democratic
• 2: Pryor Lea (1794-1879), Democratic
• 3: James I. Standifer (1782-1837), Democratic
• 4: Jacob C. Isacks ( - ), Democratic
• 5: Robert Desha (1791-1849), Democratic
• 6: James K. Polk (1795-1849), Democratic
• 7: John Bell (1797-1869), Democratic
• 8: Cave Johnson (1793-1866), Democratic
• 9: David Crockett (1786-1836), National Republican

Vermont

Senate

• 1: Horatio Seymour (1778-1857), National Republican
• 3: Dudley Chase (1771-1846), National Republican

House of Representatives (5 seats)

• 1: Jonathan Hunt (1787-1832), National Republican
• 2: Rollin C. Mallary (1784-1831), National Republican
• 3: Horace Everett (1779-1851), National Republican
• 4: Benjamin Swift (1781-1847), National Republican
• 5: William Cahoon (1774-1833), Anti-Masonic

Virginia

Senate

• 2: Littleton W. Tazewell (1774-1860), Democratic
• 1: John Tyler (1790-1862), Democratic

House of Representatives (22 seats)

• 1: Thomas Newton, Jr. (1768-1847), National Republican …contested election, served until March 9, 1830.

  George Loyall (1789-1868), Democratic …contested election, seated March 9, 1830.

• 2: James Trezvant ( -1841), Democratic
• 3: William S. Archer (1789-1855), Democratic
• 4: Mark Alexander (1792-1883), Democratic
• 5: Thomas T. Bouldin (1781-1834), Democratic
• 6: Thomas Davenport ( -1838), Democratic
• 7: Nathaniel H. Claiborne (1777-1859), Democratic
• 8: Richard Coke, Jr. (1790-1851), Democratic
• 9: Andrew Stevenson (1784-1857), Democratic
• 10: William C. Rives (1793-1868), Democratic …resigned in 1829.

  William F. Gordon (1787-1858), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated January 25, 1830.

• 11: Philip P. Barbour (1783-1841), Democratic …resigned October 15, 1830.

  John M. Patton (1797-1858), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 6, 1830.

• 12: John Roane (1766-1838), Democratic
• 13: John Taliaferro (1768-1852), National Republican
• 14: Charles F. Mercer (1778-1858), National Republican
• 15: John S. Barbour (1790-1855), Democratic
• 16: William Armstrong (1782-1865), National Republican
• 17: Robert Allen (1794-1859), Democratic
• 18: Philip Doddridge (1773-1832), National Republican
• 19: William McCoy ( -1864), Democratic
• 20: Robert Craig (1792-1852), Democratic
• 21: Lewis Maxwell (1790-1862), National Republican
• 22: Alexander Smyth (1765-1830), Democratic …died April 17, 1830.

  Joseph Draper (1794-1834), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 6, 1830.

Delegates

Arkansas Territory

• A/L: Ambrose H. Sevier (1801-1848), Democratic

Florida Territory

• A/L: Joseph M. White (1781-1839),

Michigan Territory

• A/L: John Biddle (1792-1859), National Republican …resigned February 21, 1831.

References

• Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
• Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)

External links

• Statutes at Large, 1789-1875
• Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
• House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
• Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
• U.S. House of Representatives: House History
• U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists